A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999

A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 1 0 2013-03-07T03:34:00Z 2026-01-30T06:26:00Z 2026-01-30T06:26:00Z 430 98411 484959 12796 6822 580366 16.0000 OFFICIAL Yes 96 3 0 NEW 0 Act No. 72, 2025 2016-03-06T13:00:00Z 14 October 2023 A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 1 January 2026 BILL A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 No.   55, 1999 Compilation No.   96 Compilation date:   1 January 2026 Includes amendments:   Act No. 72, 2025 This compilation is in 2 volumes Volume 1:   sections   1 ‑ 1 to 113 ‑ 5 Volume 2:   sections   114 ‑ 1 to 195 ‑ 1   Schedules   Endnotes Each volume has its own contents About this compilation This compilation This is a compilation of the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 that shows the text of the law as amended and in force on 1 January 2026 (the compilation date ). The notes at the end of this compilation (the endnotes ) include information about amending laws and the amendment history of provisions of the compiled law. Uncommenced amendments The effect of uncommenced amendments is not shown in the text of the compiled law. The details of amendments made up to, but not commenced at, the compilation date are underlined in the endnotes. Any uncommenced amendments affecting the law are accessible on the Register (www.legislation.gov.au). Application, saving and transitional provisions If the operation of a provision or amendment of the compiled law is affected by an application, saving or transitional provision that is not included in this compilation, details are included in the endnotes. Editorial changes For more information about any editorial changes made in this compilation, see the endnotes. Presentational changes The Legislation Act 2003 provides for First Parliamentary Counsel to make presentational changes to a compilation. Presentational changes are applied to give a more consistent look and feel to legislation published on the Register, and enable the user to more easily navigate those documents. Modifications If the compiled law is modified by another law, the compiled law operates as modified but the modification does not amend the text of the law. Accordingly, this compilation does not show the text of the compiled law as modified. Any modifications affecting the law are accessible on the Register. Self ‑ repealing provisions If a provision of the compiled law has been repealed in accordance with a provision of the law, details are included in the endnotes.       Contents Chapter   1—Introduction Part   1 ‑ 1—Preliminary Division   1—Preliminary 1 ‑ 1   Short title 1 ‑ 2   Commencement 1 ‑ 3   Commonwealth ‑ State financial relations 1 ‑ 4   States and Territories are bound by the GST law Part   1 ‑ 2—Using this Act Division   2—Overview of the GST legislation 2 ‑ 1   What this Act is about 2 ‑ 5   The basic rules (Chapter   2) 2 ‑ 10   The exemptions (Chapter   3) 2 ‑ 15   The special rules (Chapter   4) 2 ‑ 20   Miscellaneous (Chapter   5) 2 ‑ 25   Interpretative provisions (Chapter   6) 2 ‑ 30   Administration, collection and recovery provisions in the Taxation Administration Act 1953 Division   3—Defined terms 3 ‑ 1   When defined terms are identified 3 ‑ 5   When terms are not identified 3 ‑ 10   Identifying the defined term in a definition Division   4—Status of Guides and other non ‑ operative material 4 ‑ 1   Non ‑ operative material 4 ‑ 5   Explanatory sections 4 ‑ 10   Other material Chapter   2—The basic rules Division   5—Introduction 5 ‑ 1   What this Chapter is about 5 ‑ 5   The structure of this Chapter Part   2 ‑ 1—The central provisions Division   7—The central provisions 7 ‑ 1   GST and input tax credits 7 ‑ 5   Net amounts 7 ‑ 10   Tax periods 7 ‑ 15   Payments and refunds Part   2 ‑ 2—Supplies and acquisitions Division   9—Taxable supplies 9 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   9 ‑ A—What are taxable supplies? 9 ‑ 5   Taxable supplies 9 ‑ 10   Meaning of supply 9 ‑ 15   Consideration 9 ‑ 17   Certain payments and other things not consideration 9 ‑ 20   Enterprises 9 ‑ 25   Supplies connected with the indirect tax zone 9 ‑ 26   Supplies by non ‑ residents that are not connected with the indirect tax zone 9 ‑ 27   When enterprises are carried on in the indirect tax zone 9 ‑ 30   Supplies that are GST ‑ free or input taxed 9 ‑ 39   Special rules relating to taxable supplies Subdivision   9 ‑ B—Who is liable for GST on taxable supplies? 9 ‑ 40   Liability for GST on taxable supplies 9 ‑ 69   Special rules relating to liability for GST on taxable supplies Subdivision   9 ‑ C—How much GST is payable on taxable supplies? 9 ‑ 70   The amount of GST on taxable supplies 9 ‑ 75   The value of taxable supplies 9 ‑ 80   The value of taxable supplies that are partly GST ‑ free or input taxed 9 ‑ 85   Value of taxable supplies to be expressed in Australian currency 9 ‑ 90   Rounding of amounts of GST 9 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to the amount of GST on taxable supplies Division   11—Creditable acquisitions 11 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 11 ‑ 5   What is a creditable acquisition? 11 ‑ 10   Meaning of acquisition 11 ‑ 15   Meaning of creditable purpose 11 ‑ 20   Who is entitled to input tax credits for creditable acquisitions? 11 ‑ 25   How much are the input tax credits for creditable acquisitions? 11 ‑ 30   Acquisitions that are partly creditable 11 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to acquisitions Part   2 ‑ 3—Importations Division   13—Taxable importations 13 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 13 ‑ 5   What are taxable importations? 13 ‑ 10   Meaning of non ‑ taxable importation 13 ‑ 15   Who is liable for GST on taxable importations? 13 ‑ 20   How much GST is payable on taxable importations? 13 ‑ 25   The value of taxable importations that are partly non ‑ taxable importations 13 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to taxable importations Division   15—Creditable importations 15 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 15 ‑ 5   What are creditable importations? 15 ‑ 10   Meaning of creditable purpose 15 ‑ 15   Who is entitled to input tax credits for creditable importations? 15 ‑ 20   How much are the input tax credits for creditable importations? 15 ‑ 25   Importations that are partly creditable 15 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to creditable importations Part   2 ‑ 4—Net amounts and adjustments Division   17—Net amounts and adjustments 17 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 17 ‑ 5   Net amounts 17 ‑ 10   Adjustments 17 ‑ 20   Determinations relating to how to work out net amounts 17 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to net amounts or adjustments Division   19—Adjustment events 19 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 19 ‑ 5   Explanation of the effect of adjustment events Subdivision   19 ‑ A—Adjustment events 19 ‑ 10   Adjustment events Subdivision   19 ‑ B—Adjustments for supplies 19 ‑ 40   Where adjustments for supplies arise 19 ‑ 45   Previously attributed GST amounts 19 ‑ 50   Increasing adjustments for supplies 19 ‑ 55   Decreasing adjustments for supplies Subdivision   19 ‑ C—Adjustments for acquisitions 19 ‑ 70   Where adjustments for acquisitions arise 19 ‑ 75   Previously attributed input tax credit amounts 19 ‑ 80   Increasing adjustments for acquisitions 19 ‑ 85   Decreasing adjustments for acquisitions 19 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to adjustment events Division   21—Bad debts 21 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 21 ‑ 5   Writing off bad debts (taxable supplies) 21 ‑ 10   Recovering amounts previously written off (taxable supplies) 21 ‑ 15   Bad debts written off (creditable acquisitions) 21 ‑ 20   Recovering amounts previously written off (creditable acquisitions) 21 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to adjustments for bad debts Part   2 ‑ 5—Registration Division   23—Who is required to be registered and who may be registered 23 ‑ 1   Explanation of Division 23 ‑ 5   Who is required to be registered 23 ‑ 10   Who may be registered 23 ‑ 15   The registration turnover threshold 23 ‑ 20   Not registered for 4 years 23 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to who is required to be registered or who may be registered Division   25—How you become registered, and how your registration can be cancelled Subdivision   25 ‑ A—How you become registered 25 ‑ 1   When you must apply for registration 25 ‑ 5   When the Commissioner must register you 25 ‑ 10   The date of effect of your registration 25 ‑ 15   Effect of backdating your registration 25 ‑ 49   Special rules relating to registration Subdivision   25 ‑ B—How your registration can be cancelled 25 ‑ 50   When you must apply for cancellation of registration 25 ‑ 55   When the Commissioner must cancel registration 25 ‑ 57   When the Commissioner may cancel your registration 25 ‑ 60   The date of effect of your cancellation 25 ‑ 65   Effect of backdating your cancellation of registration 25 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to cancellation of registration Part   2 ‑ 6—Tax periods Division   27—How to work out the tax periods that apply to you 27 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 27 ‑ 5   General rule—3 month tax periods 27 ‑ 10   Election of one month tax periods 27 ‑ 15   Determination of one month tax periods 27 ‑ 20   Withdrawing elections of one month tax periods 27 ‑ 22   Revoking elections of one month tax periods 27 ‑ 25   Revoking determinations of one month tax periods 27 ‑ 30   Tax periods determined by the Commissioner to take account of changes in tax periods 27 ‑ 35   Changing the days on which your tax periods end 27 ‑ 37   Special determination of tax periods on request 27 ‑ 38   Revoking special determination of tax periods 27 ‑ 39   Tax periods of incapacitated entities 27 ‑ 40   An entity’s concluding tax period 27 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to tax periods Division   29—What is attributable to tax periods 29 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   29 ‑ A—The attribution rules 29 ‑ 5   Attributing the GST on your taxable supplies 29 ‑ 10   Attributing the input tax credits for your creditable acquisitions 29 ‑ 15   Attributing the input tax credits for your creditable importations 29 ‑ 20   Attributing your adjustments 29 ‑ 25   Commissioner may determine particular attribution rules 29 ‑ 39   Special rules relating to attribution rules Subdivision   29 ‑ B—Accounting on a cash basis 29 ‑ 40   Choosing to account on a cash basis 29 ‑ 45   Permission to account on a cash basis 29 ‑ 50   Ceasing to account on a cash basis 29 ‑ 69   Special rules relating to accounting on a cash basis Subdivision   29 ‑ C—Tax invoices and adjustment notes 29 ‑ 70   Tax invoices 29 ‑ 75   Adjustment notes 29 ‑ 80   Tax invoices and adjustment notes not required for low value transactions 29 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to tax invoices and adjustment notes Part   2 ‑ 7—Returns, payments and refunds Division   31—GST returns 31 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 31 ‑ 5   Who must give GST returns 31 ‑ 8   When GST returns must be given—quarterly tax periods 31 ‑ 10   When GST returns must be given—other tax periods 31 ‑ 15   The form and contents of GST returns 31 ‑ 20   Additional GST returns 31 ‑ 25   Electronic lodgment of GST returns 31 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to GST returns Division   33—Payments of GST 33 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 33 ‑ 3   When payments of assessed net amounts must be made—quarterly tax periods 33 ‑ 5   When payments of assessed net amounts must be made—other tax periods 33 ‑ 10   How payment of assessed net amounts are made 33 ‑ 15   Payments of assessed GST on importations 33 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to payments of GST Division   35—Refunds 35 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 35 ‑ 5   Entitlement to refund 35 ‑ 10   When entitlement arises 35 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to refunds Part   2 ‑ 8—Checklist of special rules Division   37—Checklist of special rules 37 ‑ 1   Checklist of special rules Chapter   3—The exemptions Part   3 ‑ 1—Supplies that are not taxable supplies Division   38—GST ‑ free supplies 38 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   38 ‑ A—Food 38 ‑ 2   Food 38 ‑ 3   Food that is not GST ‑ free 38 ‑ 4   Meaning of food 38 ‑ 5   Premises used in supplying food 38 ‑ 6   Packaging of food Subdivision   38 ‑ B—Health 38 ‑ 7   Medical services 38 ‑ 10   Other health services 38 ‑ 15   Other government funded health services 38 ‑ 20   Hospital treatment 38 ‑ 25   Residential care etc. 38 ‑ 30   Home care etc. 38 ‑ 35   Specialist aged care programs 38 ‑ 38   Disability support provided to NDIS participants 38 ‑ 40   Specialist disability services 38 ‑ 45   Medical aids and appliances 38 ‑ 47   Other GST ‑ free health goods 38 ‑ 50   Drugs and medicinal preparations etc. 38 ‑ 55   Private health insurance etc. 38 ‑ 60   Third party procured GST ‑ free health supplies Subdivision   38 ‑ C—Education 38 ‑ 85   Education courses 38 ‑ 90   Excursions or field trips 38 ‑ 95   Course materials 38 ‑ 97   Lease etc. of curriculum related goods 38 ‑ 100   Supplies that are not GST ‑ free 38 ‑ 105   Accommodation at boarding schools etc. 38 ‑ 110   Recognition of prior learning etc. Subdivision   38 ‑ D—Child care 38 ‑ 145   Child care—approved child care services under the family assistance law 38 ‑ 150   Other child care 38 ‑ 155   Supplies directly related to child care that is GST ‑ free Subdivision   38 ‑ E—Exports and other cross ‑ border supplies 38 ‑ 185   Exports of goods 38 ‑ 187   Lease etc. of goods for use outside the indirect tax zone 38 ‑ 188   Tooling used by non ‑ residents to manufacture goods for export 38 ‑ 190   Supplies of things, other than goods or real property, for consumption outside the indirect tax zone 38 ‑ 191   Supplies relating to the repair etc. of goods under warranty Subdivision   38 ‑ F—Religious services 38 ‑ 220   Religious services Subdivision   38 ‑ G—Activities of charities etc. 38 ‑ 250   Nominal consideration etc. 38 ‑ 255   Second ‑ hand goods 38 ‑ 260   Supplies of retirement village accommodation etc. 38 ‑ 270   Raffles and bingo conducted by charities etc. Subdivision   38 ‑ I—Water, sewerage and drainage 38 ‑ 285   Water 38 ‑ 290   Sewerage and sewerage ‑ like services 38 ‑ 295   Emptying of septic tanks 38 ‑ 300   Drainage Subdivision   38 ‑ J—Supplies of going concerns 38 ‑ 325   Supply of a going concern Subdivision   38 ‑ K—Transport and related matters 38 ‑ 355   Supplies of transport and related matters 38 ‑ 360   Travel agents arranging overseas supplies Subdivision   38 ‑ L—Precious metals 38 ‑ 385   Supplies of precious metals Subdivision   38 ‑ M—Supplies through inwards duty free shops 38 ‑ 415   Supplies through inwards duty free shops Subdivision   38 ‑ N—Grants of land by governments 38 ‑ 445   Grants of freehold and similar interests by governments 38 ‑ 450   Leases preceding grants of freehold and similar interests by governments Subdivision   38 ‑ O—Farm land 38 ‑ 475   Subdivided farm land 38 ‑ 480   Farm land supplied for farming Subdivision   38 ‑ P—Cars for use by disabled people 38 ‑ 505   Disabled veterans 38 ‑ 510   Other disabled people Subdivision   38 ‑ Q—International mail 38 ‑ 540   International mail Subdivision   38 ‑ R—Telecommunication supplies made under arrangements for global roaming in the indirect tax zone 38 ‑ 570   Telecommunication supplies made under arrangements for global roaming in the indirect tax zone Subdivision   38 ‑ S—Eligible emissions units 38 ‑ 590   Eligible emissions units Subdivision   38 ‑ T—Inbound intangible consumer supplies 38 ‑ 610   Inbound intangible consumer supplies Division   40—Input taxed supplies 40 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   40 ‑ A—Financial supplies 40 ‑ 5   Financial supplies Subdivision   40 ‑ B—Residential rent 40 ‑ 35   Residential rent Subdivision   40 ‑ C—Residential premises 40 ‑ 65   Sales of residential premises 40 ‑ 70   Supplies of residential premises by way of long ‑ term lease 40 ‑ 75   Meaning of new residential premises Subdivision   40 ‑ D—Precious metals 40 ‑ 100   Precious metals Subdivision   40 ‑ E—School tuckshops and canteens 40 ‑ 130   School tuckshops and canteens Subdivision   40 ‑ F—Fund ‑ raising events conducted by charities etc. 40 ‑ 160   Fund ‑ raising events conducted by charities etc. 40 ‑ 165   Meaning of fund ‑ raising event Subdivision   40 ‑ G—Inbound intangible consumer supplies 40 ‑ 180   Inbound intangible consumer supplies Part   3 ‑ 2—Non ‑ taxable importations Division   42—Non ‑ taxable importations 42 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 42 ‑ 5   Non ‑ taxable importations—Schedule   4 to the Customs Tariff Act 1995 42 ‑ 10   Goods returned to the indirect tax zone in an unaltered condition 42 ‑ 15   Supplies of low value goods Chapter   4—The special rules Division   45—Introduction 45 ‑ 1   What this Chapter is about 45 ‑ 5   The effect of special rules Part   4 ‑ 1—Special rules mainly about particular ways entities are organised Division   48—GST groups 48 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   48 ‑ A—Formation and membership of GST groups 48 ‑ 5   Formation of GST groups 48 ‑ 7   Membership of GST groups 48 ‑ 10   Membership requirements of a GST group 48 ‑ 15   Relationship of companies and non ‑ companies in a GST group Subdivision   48 ‑ B—Consequences of GST groups 48 ‑ 40   Who is liable for GST 48 ‑ 45   Who is entitled to input tax credits 48 ‑ 50   Adjustments 48 ‑ 51   Consequences of being a member of a GST group for part of a tax period 48 ‑ 52   Consequences for a representative member of membership change during a tax period 48 ‑ 53   Consequences of changing a representative member during a tax period 48 ‑ 55   GST groups treated as single entities for certain purposes 48 ‑ 57   Tax invoices that are required to identify recipients 48 ‑ 60   GST returns Subdivision   48 ‑ C—Administrative matters 48 ‑ 70   Changing the membership etc. of GST groups 48 ‑ 71   Approval of early day of effect of forming, changing etc. GST groups 48 ‑ 73   Tax periods of GST groups with incapacitated members 48 ‑ 75   Effect of representative member becoming an incapacitated entity Subdivision   48 ‑ D—Ceasing to be a member of a GST group 48 ‑ 110   Adjustments after you cease to be a member of a GST group 48 ‑ 115   Changes in extent of creditable purpose after you cease to be a member of a GST group Division   49—GST religious groups 49 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   49 ‑ A—Approval of GST religious groups 49 ‑ 5   Approval of GST religious groups 49 ‑ 10   Membership requirements of a GST religious group Subdivision   49 ‑ B—Consequences of approval of GST religious groups 49 ‑ 30   Supplies between members of GST religious groups 49 ‑ 35   Acquisitions between members of GST religious groups 49 ‑ 40   Adjustment events 49 ‑ 45   Changes in the extent of creditable purpose 49 ‑ 50   GST religious groups treated as single entities for certain purposes Subdivision   49 ‑ C—Administrative matters 49 ‑ 70   Changing the membership etc. of GST religious groups 49 ‑ 75   Revoking the approval of GST religious groups 49 ‑ 80   Notification by principal members 49 ‑ 85   Date of effect of approvals and revocations 49 ‑ 90   Notification by the Commissioner Division   50—GST treatment of religious practitioners Guide to Division   50   50 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 50 ‑ 5   GST treatment of religious practitioners Division   51—GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   51 ‑ A—Formation of and participation in GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 5   Formation of GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 7   Participants in GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 10   Participation requirements of a GST joint venture Subdivision   51 ‑ B—Consequences of GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 30   Who is liable for GST 51 ‑ 35   Who is entitled to input tax credits 51 ‑ 40   Adjustments 51 ‑ 45   Additional net amounts relating to GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 50   GST returns relating to GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 52   Consolidation of GST returns relating to GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 55   Payments of GST relating to GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 60   Refunds relating to GST joint ventures Subdivision   51 ‑ C—Administrative matters 51 ‑ 70   Changing the participants etc. of GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 75   Approval of early day of effect of forming, changing etc. GST joint ventures Subdivision   51 ‑ D—Ceasing to be a participant in, or an operator of, a GST joint venture 51 ‑ 110   Adjustments after you cease to be a participant in a GST joint venture 51 ‑ 115   Changes in extent of creditable purpose after you cease to be a member of a GST joint venture Division   54—GST branches 54 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   54 ‑ A—Registration of GST branches 54 ‑ 5   Registration of GST branches 54 ‑ 10   The date of effect of registration of a GST branch 54 ‑ 15   GST branch registration number Subdivision   54 ‑ B—Consequences of registration of GST branches 54 ‑ 40   Additional net amounts relating to GST branches 54 ‑ 45   Net amounts of parent entities 54 ‑ 50   Tax invoices and adjustment notes 54 ‑ 55   GST returns relating to GST branches 54 ‑ 60   Payments of GST relating to GST branches 54 ‑ 65   Refunds relating to GST branches Subdivision   54 ‑ C—Cancellation of registration of GST branches 54 ‑ 70   When an entity must apply for cancellation of registration of a GST branch 54 ‑ 75   When the Commissioner must cancel registration of a GST branch 54 ‑ 80   The date of effect of cancellation of registration of a GST branch 54 ‑ 85   Application of Subdivision   25 ‑ B 54 ‑ 90   Effect on GST branches of cancelling the entity’s registration Division   57—Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents 57 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 57 ‑ 5   Who is liable for GST 57 ‑ 7   Agreement to apply this Division to all supplies through a resident agent 57 ‑ 10   Who is entitled to input tax credits 57 ‑ 15   Adjustments 57 ‑ 20   Resident agents are required to be registered 57 ‑ 25   Cancellation of registration of a resident agent 57 ‑ 30   Notice of cessation of agency 57 ‑ 35   Tax periods of resident agents 57 ‑ 40   GST returns for non ‑ residents 57 ‑ 45   Resident agents giving GST returns 57 ‑ 50   Non ‑ residents that belong to GST groups Division   58—Representatives of incapacitated entities 58 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 58 ‑ 5   General principle for the relationship between incapacitated entities and their representatives 58 ‑ 10   Circumstances in which representatives have GST ‑ related liabilities and entitlements 58 ‑ 15   Adjustments for bad debts 58 ‑ 20   Representatives are required to be registered 58 ‑ 25   Cancellation of registration of a representative 58 ‑ 30   Notice of cessation of representation 58 ‑ 35   Tax periods of representatives 58 ‑ 40   Effect on attribution rules of not accounting on a cash basis 58 ‑ 45   GST returns for representatives of incapacitated entities 58 ‑ 50   Representatives to give GST returns for incapacitated entities 58 ‑ 55   Incapacitated entities not required to give GST returns in some cases 58 ‑ 60   Representative to notify Commissioner of certain liabilities etc. 58 ‑ 65   Money available to meet representative’s liabilities 58 ‑ 70   Protection for actions of representative 58 ‑ 95   Division does not apply to the extent that the representative is a creditor of the incapacitated entity Division   60—Pre ‑ establishment costs 60 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 60 ‑ 5   Input tax credit for acquisitions and importations before establishment 60 ‑ 10   Registration etc. not needed for input tax credits 60 ‑ 15   Pre ‑ establishment acquisitions and importations 60 ‑ 20   Creditable purpose 60 ‑ 25   Attributing the input tax credit for pre ‑ establishment acquisitions 60 ‑ 30   Attributing the input tax credit for pre ‑ establishment importations 60 ‑ 35   Application of Division   129 Division   63—Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities 63 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 63 ‑ 5   Entities that may choose to apply this Division 63 ‑ 10   Period for which a choice has effect 63 ‑ 15   Consequences of choosing to apply this Division 63 ‑ 20   Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities may register 63 ‑ 25   Registration turnover threshold for non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities 63 ‑ 27   Application of particular provisions relating to charities etc. 63 ‑ 30   When non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities must apply for cancellation of registration 63 ‑ 35   When the Commissioner must cancel registration of non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities 63 ‑ 40   Effect on adjustments of becoming a non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity 63 ‑ 45   Effect on adjustments of ceasing to be a non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity 63 ‑ 50   Membership requirements of GST groups Part   4 ‑ 2—Special rules mainly about supplies and acquisitions Division   66—Second ‑ hand goods 66 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   66 ‑ A—Input tax credits for acquiring second ‑ hand goods 66 ‑ 5   Creditable acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods 66 ‑ 10   Amounts of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods 66 ‑ 15   Attributing input tax credits for creditable acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods 66 ‑ 17   Records of creditable acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods Subdivision   66 ‑ B—Acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods that are divided for re ‑ supply 66 ‑ 40   Acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods that can be used to offset GST on future re ‑ supplies 66 ‑ 45   Future re ‑ supplies that are not taxable supplies 66 ‑ 50   Future re ‑ supplies on which GST is reduced 66 ‑ 55   Records of acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods to which this Subdivision applied 66 ‑ 60   Input tax credits for acquiring second ‑ hand goods the supply of which is not fully taxable 66 ‑ 65   Total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amounts and Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amounts 66 ‑ 70   Commissioner may determine rules for applying this Subdivision Division   69—Non ‑ deductible expenses 69 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   69 ‑ A—Non ‑ deductible expenses generally 69 ‑ 5   Non ‑ deductible expenses do not give rise to creditable acquisitions or creditable importations 69 ‑ 10   Amounts of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions or creditable importations of certain cars Subdivision   69 ‑ B—Elections for GST purposes relating to meal entertainment and entertainment facilities 69 ‑ 15   What this Subdivision is about 69 ‑ 20   Effect of elections on net amounts 69 ‑ 25   Election to use the 50/50 split method for meal entertainment 69 ‑ 30   Election to use the 12 week register method for meal entertainment 69 ‑ 35   Election to use the 50/50 split method for entertainment facilities 69 ‑ 40   When elections take effect 69 ‑ 45   When elections cease to have effect 69 ‑ 50   Adjustment events relating to elections 69 ‑ 55   Adjustment notes not required Division   70—Financial supplies (reduced credit acquisitions) 70 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 70 ‑ 5   Acquisitions that attract the reduced credit 70 ‑ 10   Extended meaning of creditable purpose 70 ‑ 15   How much are the reduced input tax credits? 70 ‑ 20   Extent of creditable purpose 70 ‑ 25   Sale of reduced credit acquisitions (Division   132) Division   71—Fringe benefits provided by input taxed suppliers 71 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 71 ‑ 5   Acquisitions by input taxed suppliers to provide fringe benefits 71 ‑ 10   Importations by input taxed suppliers to provide fringe benefits Division   72—Associates 72 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   72 ‑ A—Supplies without consideration 72 ‑ 5   Taxable supplies without consideration 72 ‑ 10   The value of taxable supplies without consideration 72 ‑ 15   Attributing the GST to tax periods 72 ‑ 20   Supplies and acquisitions that would otherwise be sales etc. 72 ‑ 25   Supplies that would otherwise be GST ‑ free, input taxed or financial supplies Subdivision   72 ‑ B—Acquisitions without consideration 72 ‑ 40   Creditable acquisitions without consideration 72 ‑ 45   The amount of the input tax credit 72 ‑ 50   Attributing the input tax credit to tax periods Subdivision   72 ‑ C—Supplies for inadequate consideration 72 ‑ 70   The value of taxable supplies for inadequate consideration Subdivision   72 ‑ D—Application of this Division to certain sub ‑ entities 72 ‑ 90   GST branches 72 ‑ 92   Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities 72 ‑ 95   Commonwealth government entities 72 ‑ 100   State or Territory government entities Division   75—Sale of freehold interests etc. 75 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 75 ‑ 5   Applying the margin scheme 75 ‑ 10   The amount of GST on taxable supplies 75 ‑ 11   Margins for supplies of real property in particular circumstances 75 ‑ 12   Working out margins to take into account failure to pay full consideration 75 ‑ 13   Working out margins to take into account supplies to associates 75 ‑ 14   Consideration for acquisition of real property not to include cost of improvements etc. 75 ‑ 15   Subdivided real property 75 ‑ 16   Margins for supplies of real property acquired through several acquisitions 75 ‑ 20   Supplies under a margin scheme do not give rise to creditable acquisitions 75 ‑ 22   Increasing adjustment relating to input tax credit entitlement 75 ‑ 25   Adjustments relating to bad debts 75 ‑ 27   Decreasing adjustment for later payment of consideration 75 ‑ 30   Tax invoices not required for supplies of real property under the margin scheme 75 ‑ 35   Approved valuations Division   78—Insurance 78 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   78 ‑ A—Insurers 78 ‑ 5   GST on insurance premiums is exclusive of stamp duty 78 ‑ 10   Decreasing adjustments for settlements of insurance claims 78 ‑ 15   How to work out the decreasing adjustments 78 ‑ 18   Increasing adjustments for payments of excess under insurance policies 78 ‑ 20   Settlements of insurance claims do not give rise to creditable acquisitions 78 ‑ 25   Supplies in settlement of claims are not taxable supplies 78 ‑ 30   Acquisitions by insurers in the course of settling claims under non ‑ taxable policies 78 ‑ 35   Taxable supplies relating to rights of subrogation 78 ‑ 40   Adjustment events relating to decreasing adjustments under this Division 78 ‑ 42   Adjustment events relating to increasing adjustments under section   78 ‑ 18 Subdivision   78 ‑ B—Insured entities etc. 78 ‑ 45   Settlements of insurance claims do not give rise to taxable supplies 78 ‑ 50   Settlements of insurance claims give rise to taxable supplies if entitlement to input tax credits is not disclosed 78 ‑ 55   Payments of excess under insurance policies are not consideration for supplies 78 ‑ 60   Supplies of goods to insurers in the course of settling claims Subdivision   78 ‑ C—Third parties 78 ‑ 65   Payments etc. to third parties by insurers 78 ‑ 70   Payments etc. to third parties by insured entities 78 ‑ 75   Creditable acquisitions relating to rights of subrogation Subdivision   78 ‑ D—Insured entities that are not registered etc. 78 ‑ 80   Net amounts 78 ‑ 85   GST returns 78 ‑ 90   Payments of GST Subdivision   78 ‑ E—Statutory compensation schemes 78 ‑ 95   GST on premiums etc. under statutory compensation schemes is exclusive of stamp duty 78 ‑ 100   Settlements of claims for compensation under statutory compensation schemes 78 ‑ 105   Meaning of statutory compensation scheme Subdivision   78 ‑ F—Miscellaneous 78 ‑ 110   Effect of judgments and court orders 78 ‑ 115   Exclusion of certain Commonwealth, State or Territory insurance schemes 78 ‑ 118   Portfolio transfers 78 ‑ 120   HIH rescue package Division   79—Compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   79 ‑ A—Modified application of Division   78 to certain compulsory third party scheme payments and supplies under insurance policies 79 ‑ 5   Application of sections   78 ‑ 10 and 78 ‑ 15 (about decreasing adjustments) where premium selection test is satisfied 79 ‑ 10   Adjustment where operator becomes aware that correct input tax credit situation differs from basis on which premium selection test was satisfied 79 ‑ 15   Application of sections   78 ‑ 10 and 78 ‑ 15 (about decreasing adjustments) where sole operator election to use average input tax credit entitlement 79 ‑ 20   Extension of various references in Division   78 to rights of subrogation to cover other rights of recovery Subdivision   79 ‑ B—Extension of Division   78 to cover certain compulsory third party scheme payments and supplies connected with, but not under, insurance policies 79 ‑ 25   Meaning of CTP hybrid payment or supply 79 ‑ 30   Application of Division   78 Subdivision   79 ‑ C—Other payments and supplies under compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ 35   Meaning of CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply etc. 79 ‑ 40   GST on CTP premiums is exclusive of stamp duty 79 ‑ 45   Exclusion of certain compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ 50   Decreasing adjustments for CTP compensation or ancillary payments or supplies 79 ‑ 55   Increasing adjustments for payments of excess etc. under compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ 60   Effect of settlements and payments under compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ 65   Taxable supplies relating to recovery by operators of compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ 70   Adjustment events relating to decreasing adjustments for operators of compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ 75   Adjustment events relating to increasing adjustments under section   79 ‑ 55 79 ‑ 80   Payments of excess under compulsory third party schemes are not consideration for supplies 79 ‑ 85   Supplies of goods to operators in the course of settling claims 79 ‑ 90   Effect of judgments and court orders Subdivision   79 ‑ D—Compulsory third party scheme decreasing adjustments worked out using applicable average input tax credit fraction 79 ‑ 95   How to work out decreasing adjustments using the applicable average input tax credit fraction 79 ‑ 100   Meaning of average input tax credit fraction Division   80—Settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   80 ‑ A—Insurance policy settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 5   Meaning of insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement etc. 80 ‑ 10   Effect of becoming parties to industry deeds or entering into settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 15   Effect of contributing operator’s payment 80 ‑ 20   Managing operator’s payments or supplies 80 ‑ 25   Contributing operator’s payment 80 ‑ 30   Managing operator’s increasing adjustment where contributing operator’s payment 80 ‑ 35   Adjustment events relating to managing operator’s payment or supply Subdivision   80 ‑ B—Nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 40   Meaning of nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement etc. 80 ‑ 45   Nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangements to which this Subdivision applies 80 ‑ 50   Effect of becoming parties to industry deeds or entering into nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 55   Effect of contributing operator’s payment 80 ‑ 60   Managing operator’s payment or supply 80 ‑ 65   Contributing operator’s payment 80 ‑ 70   Managing operator’s increasing adjustment where contributing operator’s payment 80 ‑ 75   Adjustment events relating to managing operator’s payment or supply Subdivision   80 ‑ C—Hybrid settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 80   Meaning of hybrid settlement sharing arrangement etc. 80 ‑ 85   Subdivision   80 ‑ A to apply to hybrid settlement sharing arrangement, subject to exceptions 80 ‑ 90   Subdivision   80 ‑ B to apply to payments or supplies by managing operator of hybrid settlement sharing arrangement who is also managing operator of nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement 80 ‑ 95   Subdivision   80 ‑ B to apply to payments or supplies by contributing operator of hybrid settlement sharing arrangement who is also managing operator of nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement Division   81—Payments of taxes, fees and charges 81 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 81 ‑ 5   Effect of payment of tax 81 ‑ 10   Effect of payment of certain fees and charges 81 ‑ 15   Other fees and charges that do not constitute consideration 81 ‑ 20   Division has effect despite sections   9 ‑ 15 and 9 ‑ 17 81 ‑ 25   Retrospective application of regulations Division   82—Supplies in return for rights to develop land 82 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 82 ‑ 5   Supplies of rights to develop land do not constitute consideration in certain cases 82 ‑ 10   Supplies by Australian government agencies of rights to develop land are not for consideration Division   83—Non ‑ residents making supplies connected with the indirect tax zone 83 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 83 ‑ 5   “Reverse charge” on supplies made by non ‑ residents 83 ‑ 10   Recipients who are members of GST groups 83 ‑ 15   Recipients who are participants in GST joint ventures 83 ‑ 20   The amount of GST on “reverse charged” supplies made by non ‑ residents 83 ‑ 25   When non ‑ residents must apply for registration 83 ‑ 30   When the Commissioner must register non ‑ residents 83 ‑ 35   Tax invoices not required for “reverse charged” supplies made by non ‑ residents Division   84—Offshore supplies Subdivision   84 ‑ A—Offshore supplies that are taxable supplies, and “reverse charged”, under this Subdivision 84 ‑ 1   What this Subdivision is about 84 ‑ 5   Offshore supplies that are taxable supplies under this Subdivision 84 ‑ 10   “Reverse charge” on offshore supplies 84 ‑ 12   The amount of GST on offshore supplies that are “reverse charged” 84 ‑ 13   The amount of input tax credits relating to offshore supplies 84 ‑ 14   Supplies relating to employee share ownership schemes 84 ‑ 15   Transfers etc. between branches of the same entity 84 ‑ 20   The price of taxable supplies of offshore intangibles without, or for inadequate, consideration 84 ‑ 25   Tax periods for supplies from associates that are not connected with the indirect tax zone 84 ‑ 30   Adjustments for acquisitions made solely for a creditable purpose Subdivision   84 ‑ B—Inbound intangible consumer supplies 84 ‑ 45   What this Subdivision is about 84 ‑ 50   No tax invoices or adjustment notes for inbound intangible consumer supplies 84 ‑ 55   Operator of electronic distribution platform treated as supplier 84 ‑ 60   Extension of section   84 ‑ 55 to certain other supplies through an electronic distribution platform 84 ‑ 65   Meaning of inbound intangible consumer supply 84 ‑ 70   Meaning of electronic distribution platform Subdivision   84 ‑ C—Offshore supplies of low value goods 84 ‑ 73   What this Subdivision is about 84 ‑ 75   Supplies of low value goods that are connected with the indirect tax zone 84 ‑ 77   Meaning of offshore supply of low value goods 84 ‑ 79   Meaning of supply of low value goods 84 ‑ 81   Who makes an offshore supply of low value goods 84 ‑ 83   Exception—when supplier reasonably believes there will be a taxable importation 84 ‑ 85   Exception—when there is also a taxable importation 84 ‑ 87   No tax invoices or adjustment notes for offshore supplies of low value goods 84 ‑ 89   Notifying amounts of GST to recipients of offshore supplies of low value goods 84 ‑ 91   The amount of GST on offshore supplies of low value goods made by redeliverers 84 ‑ 93   Suppliers of offshore supplies of low value goods to ensure tax information is included in customs documents Subdivision   84 ‑ D—Consumers of offshore supplies 84 ‑ 95   What this Subdivision is about 84 ‑ 100   When entities are treated as not being Australian consumers 84 ‑ 105   When entities are treated as not being consumers Division   85—Telecommunication supplies 85 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 85 ‑ 5   When telecommunication supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone 85 ‑ 10   Meaning of telecommunication supply Division   86—Valuable metals 86 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 86 ‑ 5   “Reverse charge” on supplies of goods consisting of valuable metal 86 ‑ 10   The valuable metal threshold 86 ‑ 15   Recipients who are members of GST groups 86 ‑ 20   Recipients who are participants in GST joint ventures 86 ‑ 25   The amount of GST on “reverse charged” supplies of goods consisting of valuable metal Division   87—Long ‑ term accommodation in commercial residential premises 87 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 87 ‑ 5   Commercial residential premises that are predominantly for long ‑ term accommodation 87 ‑ 10   Commercial residential premises that are not predominantly for long ‑ term accommodation 87 ‑ 15   Meaning of commercial accommodation 87 ‑ 20   Meaning of long ‑ term accommodation etc. 87 ‑ 25   Suppliers may choose not to apply this Division Division   90—Company amalgamations 90 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 90 ‑ 5   Supplies not taxable—amalgamated company registered or required to be registered 90 ‑ 10   Value of taxable supplies—amalgamated company not registered or required to be registered 90 ‑ 15   Acquisitions not creditable—amalgamated company registered or required to be registered 90 ‑ 20   Liability after amalgamation for GST on amalgamating company’s supplies 90 ‑ 25   Entitlement after amalgamation to input tax credits for amalgamating company’s acquisitions 90 ‑ 30   Adjustments 90 ‑ 35   Amalgamating companies accounting on a cash basis Division   93—Time limit on entitlements to input tax credits 93 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 93 ‑ 5   Time limit on entitlements to input tax credits 93 ‑ 10   Exceptions to time limit on entitlements to input tax credits 93 ‑ 15   GST no longer able to be taken into account Division   96—Supplies partly connected with the indirect tax zone 96 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 96 ‑ 5   Supplies that are only partly connected with the indirect tax zone 96 ‑ 10   The value of the taxable components of supplies that are only partly connected with the indirect tax zone Division   99—Deposits as security 99 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 99 ‑ 5   Giving a deposit as security does not constitute consideration 99 ‑ 10   Attributing the GST relating to deposits that are forfeited etc. Division   100—Vouchers 100 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 100 ‑ 5   Supplies of vouchers with a stated monetary value 100 ‑ 10   Redemption of vouchers 100 ‑ 12   Consideration on redemption of vouchers 100 ‑ 15   Increasing adjustments for unredeemed vouchers 100 ‑ 18   Arrangement for supply of voucher 100 ‑ 20   Vouchers supplied to non ‑ residents and redeemed by others in the indirect tax zone 100 ‑ 25   Meaning of voucher etc. Division   102—Cancelled lay ‑ by sales 102 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 102 ‑ 5   Cancelled lay ‑ by sales 102 ‑ 10   Attributing GST and input tax credits Division   105—Supplies in satisfaction of debts 105 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 105 ‑ 5   Supplies by creditors in satisfaction of debts may be taxable supplies 105 ‑ 10   Net amounts 105 ‑ 15   GST returns 105 ‑ 20   Payments of GST Division   108—Valuation of taxable supplies of goods in bond 108 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 108 ‑ 5   Taxable supplies of goods in bond etc. Division   110—Tax ‑ related transactions 110 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   110 ‑ A—Income tax ‑ related transactions 110 ‑ 5   Transfers of tax losses and net capital losses 110 ‑ 15   Supplies under operation of consolidated group regime 110 ‑ 20   Tax sharing agreements—entering into agreement etc. 110 ‑ 25   Tax sharing agreements—leaving group clear of group liability 110 ‑ 30   Tax funding agreements Subdivision   110 ‑ B—Other tax ‑ related transactions 110 ‑ 60   Indirect tax sharing agreements—entering into agreement etc. 110 ‑ 65   Indirect tax sharing agreements—leaving GST group or GST joint venture clear of liability Division   111—Reimbursement of employees etc. 111 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 111 ‑ 5   Creditable acquisitions relating to reimbursements 111 ‑ 10   Amounts of input tax credits relating to reimbursements 111 ‑ 15   Tax invoices relating to reimbursements 111 ‑ 18   Application of Division to volunteers working for charities etc. 111 ‑ 20   Application of Division to recipients of certain withholding payments 111 ‑ 25   Employers paying expenses of employees etc. 111 ‑ 30   Reimbursements etc. of former or future employees etc. Division   113—PAYG voluntary agreements 113 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 113 ‑ 5   Supply of work or services not a taxable supply   An Act about a goods and services tax to implement A New Tax System, and for related purposes Chapter   1 — Introduction Part   1 ‑ 1 — Preliminary Division   1 — Preliminary 1 ‑ 1   Short title     This Act may be cited as the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 . 1 ‑ 2   Commencement   (1)   This Act commences on 1   July 2000. 1 ‑ 3   Commonwealth ‑ State financial relations     The Parliament acknowledges that the Commonwealth:   (a)   will introduce legislation to provide that the revenue from the GST will be granted to the States, the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory; and   (b)   will maintain the rate and base of the GST in accordance with the Agreement on Principles for the Reform of Commonwealth ‑ State Financial Relations endorsed at the Special Premiers’ Conference in Canberra on 13   November 1998. 1 ‑ 4   States and Territories are bound by the GST law     The * GST law binds the Crown in right of each of the States, of the Australian Capital Territory and of the Northern Territory. However, it does not make the Crown liable to be prosecuted for an offence. Part   1 ‑ 2 — Using this Act Division   2 — Overview of the GST legislation 2 ‑ 1   What this Act is about     This Act is about the GST.     It begins (in Chapter   2) with the basic rules about the GST, and then sets out in Chapter   3 the exemptions from the GST and in Chapter   4 the special rules that can apply in particular cases.     It concludes with definitions and other interpretative material. Note:   The GST is imposed by 6 Acts, the most important of which are: (a)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition—General) Act 1999 ; and (b)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition—Customs) Act 1999 ; and (c)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition—Excise) Act 1999 . 2 ‑ 5   The basic rules (Chapter   2)     Chapter   2 has the basic rules for the GST, including:      when and how the GST arises, and who is liable to pay it;      when and how input tax credits arise, and who is entitled to them;      how to work out payments and refunds of GST;      when and how the payments and refunds are to be made. 2 ‑ 10   The exemptions (Chapter   3)     Chapter   3 sets out the supplies and importations that are GST ‑ free or input taxed. 2 ‑ 15   The special rules (Chapter   4)     Chapter   4 has special rules which, in particular cases, have the effect of modifying the basic rules in Chapter   2. Note:   There is a checklist of special rules at the end of Chapter   2 (in Part   2 ‑ 8). 2 ‑ 20   Miscellaneous (Chapter   5)     Chapter   5 deals with miscellaneous matters. 2 ‑ 25   Interpretative provisions (Chapter   6)     Chapter   6 contains the Dictionary, which sets out a list of all the terms that are defined in this Act. It also sets out the meanings of some important concepts and rules on how to interpret this Act. 2 ‑ 30   Administration, collection and recovery provisions in the Taxation Administration Act 1953     Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 contains provisions relating to the administration of the GST, and to collection and recovery of amounts of GST. Division   3 — Defined terms   3 ‑ 1   When defined terms are identified   (1)   Many of the terms used in the law relating to the GST are defined.   (2)   Most defined terms in this Act are identified by an asterisk appearing at the start of the term: as in “ * enterprise”. The footnote that goes with the asterisk contains a signpost to the Dictionary definitions starting at section   195 ‑ 1. 3 ‑ 5   When terms are not identified   (1)   Once a defined term has been identified by an asterisk, later occurrences of the term in the same subsection are not usually asterisked.   (2)   Terms are not asterisked in the non ‑ operative material contained in this Act. Note:   The non ‑ operative material is described in Division   4.   (3)   The following basic terms used throughout the Act are not identified with an asterisk.   Common definitions that are not asterisked Item This term: 1 acquisition 2 amount 3 Commissioner 4 entity 5 goods 6 GST 7 import 8 indirect tax zone 9 individual 10 input tax credit 11 supply 12 tax period 13 thing 14 you 3 ‑ 10   Identifying the defined term in a definition     Within a definition, the defined term is identified by bold italics . Division   4 — Status of Guides and other non ‑ operative material   4 ‑ 1   Non ‑ operative material     In addition to the operative provisions themselves, this Act contains other material to help you identify accurately and quickly the provisions that are relevant to you and to help you understand them.     This other material falls into 2 main categories. 4 ‑ 5   Explanatory sections     One category is the explanatory section in many Divisions. Under the section heading “What this Division is about”, a short explanation of the Division appears in boxed text.     Explanatory sections form part of this Act but are not operative provisions. In interpreting an operative provision, explanatory sections may only be considered for limited purposes. They are set out in section   182 ‑ 10. 4 ‑ 10   Other material     The other category consists of material such as notes and examples. These also form part of the Act. They are distinguished by type size from the operative provisions (except for formulas), but are not kept separate from them. Chapter   2 — The basic rules   Division   5 — Introduction 5 ‑ 1   What this Chapter is about This Chapter sets out the basic rules for the GST. In particular, these rules will tell you: •   where liability for GST arises; •   where entitlements to input tax credits arise; •   how the amounts of GST and input tax credits are combined to work out the amount payable by you or to you; •   when and how that amount is to be paid. 5 ‑ 5   The structure of this Chapter     The diagram on the next page shows how the basic rules in this Chapter relate to each other. It also shows their relationship with:   •   the exemptions (Chapter   3)—these provisions exempt from the GST what would otherwise be taxable; and   •   the special rules (Chapter   4)—these provisions modify the basic rules in particular situations, often in quite limited ways. Part   2 ‑ 1 — The central provisions Division   7 — The central provisions 7 ‑ 1   GST and input tax credits   (1)   GST is payable on * taxable supplies and * taxable importations.   (2)   Entitlements to input tax credits arise on * creditable acquisitions and * creditable importations. For taxable supplies and creditable acquisitions, see Part   2 ‑ 2. For taxable importations and creditable importations, see Part   2 ‑ 3. 7 ‑ 5   Net amounts     Amounts of GST and amounts of input tax credits are set off against each other to produce a * net amount for a tax period (which may be altered to take account of * adjustments). For net amounts (including adjustments to net amounts), see Part   2 ‑ 4. 7 ‑ 10   Tax periods     Every entity that is * registered, or * required to be registered, has tax periods applying to it. For registration, see Part   2 ‑ 5. For tax periods, see Part   2 ‑ 6. 7 ‑ 15   Payments and refunds     The amount * assessed as being the * net amount for a tax period is the amount that the entity must pay to the Commonwealth, or the Commonwealth must refund to the entity, in respect of the period. For payments and refunds (and GST returns), see Part   2 ‑ 7. Note 1:   For assessment of net amounts, see Division   155 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . Note 2:   Refunds may be set off against your other liabilities (if any) under laws administered by the Commissioner. Part   2 ‑ 2 — Supplies and acquisitions Division   9 — Taxable supplies Table of Subdivisions 9 ‑ A   What are taxable supplies? 9 ‑ B   Who is liable for GST on taxable supplies? 9 ‑ C   How much GST is payable on taxable supplies? 9 ‑ 1   What this Division is about GST is payable on taxable supplies. This Division defines taxable supplies, states who is liable for the GST, and describes how to work out the GST on supplies. Subdivision   9 ‑ A — What are taxable supplies? 9 ‑ 5   Taxable supplies     You make a taxable supply if:   (a)   you make the supply for * consideration; and   (b)   the supply is made in the course or furtherance of an * enterprise that you * carry on; and   (c)   the supply is * connected with the indirect tax zone; and   (d)   you are * registered, or * required to be registered. However, the supply is not a * taxable supply to the extent that it is * GST ‑ free or * input taxed. 9 ‑ 10   Meaning of supply   (1)   A supply is any form of supply whatsoever.   (2)   Without limiting subsection   (1), supply includes any of these:   (a)   a supply of goods;   (b)   a supply of services;   (c)   a provision of advice or information;   (d)   a grant, assignment or surrender of * real property;   (e)   a creation, grant, transfer, assignment or surrender of any right;   (f)   a * financial supply;   (g)   an entry into, or release from, an obligation:   (i)   to do anything; or   (ii)   to refrain from an act; or   (iii)   to tolerate an act or situation;   (h)   any combination of any 2 or more of the matters referred to in paragraphs   (a) to (g).   (3)   It does not matter whether it is lawful to do, to refrain from doing or to tolerate the act or situation constituting the supply.   (3A)   For the avoidance of doubt, the delivery of:   (a)   livestock for slaughtering or processing into * food; or   (b)   game for processing into * food; under an arrangement under which the entity making the delivery only relinquishes title after food has been produced, is the supply of the livestock or game (regardless of when the entity relinquishes title). The supply does not take place on or after the subsequent relinquishment of title.   (4)   However, supply does not include:   (a)   a supply of * money unless the money is provided as * consideration for a supply that is a supply of money or * digital currency; or   (b)   a supply of digital currency unless the digital currency is provided as consideration for a supply that is a supply of digital currency or money. 9 ‑ 15   Consideration   (1)   Consideration includes:   (a)   any payment, or any act or forbearance, in connection with a supply of anything; and   (b)   any payment, or any act or forbearance, in response to or for the inducement of a supply of anything.   (2)   It does not matter whether the payment, act or forbearance was voluntary, or whether it was by the * recipient of the supply.   (2A)   It does not matter:   (a)   whether the payment, act or forbearance was in compliance with an order of a court, or of a tribunal or other body that has the power to make orders; or   (b)   whether the payment, act or forbearance was in compliance with a settlement relating to proceedings before a court, or before a tribunal or other body that has the power to make orders.   (2B)   For the avoidance of doubt, the fact that the supplier is an entity of which the * recipient of the supply is a member, or that the supplier is an entity that only makes supplies to its members, does not prevent the payment, act or forbearance from being consideration. 9 ‑ 17   Certain payments and other things not consideration   (1)   If a right or option to acquire a thing is granted, then:   (a)   the consideration for the supply of the thing on the exercise of the right or option is limited to any additional consideration provided either for the supply or in connection with the exercise of the right or option; or   (b)   if there is no such additional consideration—there is no consideration for the supply.   (2)   Making a gift to a non ‑ profit body is not the provision of consideration .   (3)   A payment is not the provision of consideration if:   (a)   the payment is made by a * government related entity to another government related entity for making a supply; and   (b)   the payment is:   (i)   covered by an appropriation under an * Australian law; or   (ii)   made under the National Health Reform Agreement agreed to by the Council of Australian Governments on 2   August 2011, as amended from time to time; or   (iii)   made under another agreement entered into to implement the National Health Reform Agreement; and   (c)   the payment is calculated on the basis that the sum of:   (i)   the payment (including the amounts of any other such payments) relating to the supply; and   (ii)   anything (including any payment for any act or forbearance) that the other government related entity receives from another entity in connection with, or in response to, or for the inducement of, the supply, or for any other related supply;     does not exceed the supplier’s anticipated or actual costs of making those supplies.   (4)   A payment is not the provision of consideration if the payment is made by a * government related entity to another government related entity and the payment is of a kind specified in regulations made for the purposes of this subsection.   (5)   This section applies despite section   9 ‑ 15. 9 ‑ 20   Enterprises   (1)   An enterprise is an activity, or series of activities, done:   (a)   in the form of a * business; or   (b)   in the form of an adventure or concern in the nature of trade; or   (c)   on a regular or continuous basis, in the form of a lease, licence or other grant of an interest in property; or   (d)   by the trustee of a fund that is covered by, or by an authority or institution that is covered by, Subdivision   30 ‑ B of the * ITAA 1997 and to which deductible gifts can be made; or   (da)   by a trustee of a * complying superannuation fund or, if there is no trustee of the fund, by a person who manages the fund; or   (e)   by a charity; or   (g)   by the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory, or by a body corporate, or corporation sole, established for a public purpose by or under a law of the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory; or   (h)   by a trustee of a fund covered by item   2 of the table in section   30 ‑ 15 of the ITAA 1997 or of a fund that would be covered by that item if it had an ABN.   (2)   However, enterprise does not include an activity, or series of activities, done:   (a)   by a person as an employee or in connection with earning * withholding payments covered by subsection   (4) (unless the activity or series is done in supplying services as the holder of an office that the person has accepted in the course of or in connection with an activity or series of activities of a kind mentioned in subsection   (1)); or Note:   Acts done as mentioned in paragraph   (a) will still form part of the activities of the enterprise to which the person provides work or services.   (b)   as a private recreational pursuit or hobby; or   (c)   by an individual (other than a trustee of a charitable fund, or of a fund covered by item   2 of the table in section   30 ‑ 15 of the ITAA 1997 or of a fund that would be covered by that item if it had an ABN), or a * partnership (all or most of the members of which are individuals), without a reasonable expectation of profit or gain; or   (d)   as a member of a local governing body established by or under a * State law or * Territory law (except a local governing body to which paragraph   12 ‑ 45(1)(e) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 applies).   (3)   For the avoidance of doubt, the fact that activities of an entity are limited to making supplies to members of the entity does not prevent those activities:   (a)   being in the form of a * business within the meaning of paragraph   (1)(a); or   (b)   being in the form of an adventure or concern in the nature of trade within the meaning of paragraph   (1)(b).   (4)   This subsection covers a * withholding payment covered by any of the provisions in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 listed in the table.   Withholding payments covered Item Provision Subject matter 1 Section   12 ‑ 35 Payment to employee 2 Section   12 ‑ 40 Payment to company director 3 Section   12 ‑ 45 Payment to office holder 4 Section   12 ‑ 60 Payment under labour hire arrangement, or specified by regulations 9 ‑ 25   Supplies connected with the indirect tax zone Supplies of goods wholly within the indirect tax zone   (1)   A supply of goods is connected with the indirect tax zone if the goods are delivered, or made available, in the indirect tax zone to the * recipient of the supply. Supplies of goods from the indirect tax zone   (2)   A supply of goods that involves the goods being removed from the indirect tax zone is connected with the indirect tax zone . Supplies of goods to the indirect tax zone   (3)   A supply of goods that involves the goods being brought to the indirect tax zone is connected with the indirect tax zone if the supplier imports the goods into the indirect tax zone.   (3A)   A supply of goods that is an * offshore supply of low value goods is connected with the indirect tax zone if it is connected with the indirect tax zone under Subdivision   84 ‑ C. Supplies of real property   (4)   A supply of * real property is connected with the indirect tax zone if the real property, or the land to which the real property relates, is in the indirect tax zone. Supplies of anything else   (5)   A supply of anything other than goods or * real property is connected with the indirect tax zone if:   (a)   the thing is done in the indirect tax zone; or   (b)   the supplier makes the supply through an * enterprise that the supplier * carries on in the indirect tax zone; or   (c)   all of the following apply:   (i)   neither paragraph   (a) nor (b) applies in respect of the thing;   (ii)   the thing is a right or option to acquire another thing;   (iii)   the supply of the other thing would be connected with the indirect tax zone; or   (d)   the * recipient of the supply is an * Australian consumer. Example:   A holiday package for a trip to Queensland that is supplied by a travel operator in Japan will be connected with the indirect tax zone under paragraph   (5)(c). Note:   A supply that is connected with the indirect tax zone under this subsection might be GST ‑ free if it is consumed outside the indirect tax zone: see section   38 ‑ 190. For more rules about supplies that are GST ‑ free, see Division   38. Supplies of goods involving installation or assembly services   (6)   If a supply of goods (other than a * luxury car) (the actual supply ) involves the goods being brought to the indirect tax zone and the installation or assembly of the goods in the indirect tax zone, then the actual supply is to be treated as if it were 2 separate supplies in the following way:   (a)   the part of the actual supply that involves the installation or assembly of the goods in the indirect tax zone is to be treated as if it were a separate supply of a thing done in the indirect tax zone;   (b)   the remainder of the actual supply is to be treated as if it were a separate supply of goods involving the goods being brought to the indirect tax zone but not involving the installation or assembly of the goods. Note 1:   The paragraph   (a) supply is connected with the indirect tax zone (see paragraph   (5)(a)), unless item   1 or 2 of the table in section   9 ‑ 26 applies. Note 2:   The paragraph   (b) supply may be a taxable supply (see subsection   (3)), or there may be a taxable importation of the goods: see Division   13. Note 3:   For the price of the separate supplies, see subsection   9 ‑ 75(4). Meaning of Australian consumer   (7)   An entity is an Australian consumer of a supply made to the entity if:   (a)   the entity is an * Australian resident (other than an entity that is an Australian resident solely because the definition of Australia in the * ITAA 1997 includes the external Territories); and   (b)   the entity:   (i)   is not * registered; or   (ii)   if the entity is registered—the entity does not acquire the thing supplied solely or partly for the purpose of an * enterprise that the entity * carries on. Note:   Suppliers must take reasonable steps to ascertain whether recipients are Australian consumers: see section   84 ‑ 100. 9 ‑ 26   Supplies by non ‑ residents that are not connected with the indirect tax zone   (1)   A supply is not connected with the indirect tax zone if:   (a)   the supplier is a * non ‑ resident; and   (b)   the supplier does not make the supply through an * enterprise that the supplier * carries on in the indirect tax zone; and   (c)   the supply is covered by an item in this table:   Offshore supplies that are not connected with the indirect tax zone Item Topic These supplies are not connected with the indirect tax zone … 1 Inbound intangible supply a supply of anything other than goods or * real property if: (a) the thing is done in the indirect tax zone; and (b) the * recipient is an * Australian ‑ based business recipient of the supply. 2 Intangible supply between non ‑ residents a supply of anything other than goods or * real property if: (a) the thing is done in the indirect tax zone; and (b) the * recipient is a * non ‑ resident that acquires the thing supplied solely for the purpose of an * enterprise that the recipient * carries on outside the indirect tax zone. 3 Supply between non ‑ residents of leased goods a supply by way of transfer of ownership of leased goods if: (a) the * recipient is a * non ‑ resident that does not acquire the thing supplied solely or partly for the purpose of an * enterprise that the recipient * carries on in the indirect tax zone; and (b) the lessee: (i) made a * taxable importation of the goods before the supply was made; and (ii) continues to lease the goods on substantially similar terms and conditions after the supply is made. 4 Supply by way of continued lease of goods from item   3 a supply made by way of lease if: (a) the * recipient is the lessee referred to in paragraph   (b) of item   3 of this table; and (b) the lease is the lease referred to in subparagraph   (ii) of that paragraph. Note:   This subsection does not apply to supplies made by a non ‑ resident through a resident agent if they have agreed it is not to apply: see section   57 ‑ 7.   (2)   An entity is an Australian ‑ based business recipient of a supply made to the entity if:   (a)   the entity is * registered; and   (b)   an * enterprise of the entity is * carried on in the indirect tax zone; and   (c)   the entity’s acquisition of the thing supplied is not solely of a private or domestic nature. Note:   If a supply is not connected with the indirect tax zone, the Australian ‑ based business recipient may be subject to a reverse charge: see Subdivision   84 ‑ A.   (3)   This section applies despite sections   9 ‑ 25 (which is about when supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone) and 85 ‑ 5 (which is about telecommunication supplies). 9 ‑ 27   When enterprises are carried on in the indirect tax zone   (1)   An * enterprise of an entity is carried on in the indirect tax zone if:   (a)   the enterprise is * carried on by one or more individuals covered by subsection   (3) who are in the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   any of the following applies:   (i)   the enterprise is carried on through a fixed place in the indirect tax zone;   (ii)   the enterprise has been carried on through one or more places in the indirect tax zone for more than 183 days in a 12 month period;   (iii)   the entity intends to carry on the enterprise through one or more places in the indirect tax zone for more than 183 days in a 12 month period.   (2)   It does not matter whether:   (a)   the entity has exclusive use of a place; or   (b)   the entity owns, leases or has any other claim or interest in relation to a place.   (3)   This subsection covers the following individuals:   (a)   if the entity is an individual—that individual;   (b)   an employee or * officer of the entity;   (c)   an individual who is, or is employed by, an agent of the entity that:   (i)   has, and habitually exercises, authority to conclude contracts on behalf of the entity; and   (ii)   is not a broker, general commission agent or other agent of independent status that is acting in the ordinary course of the agent’s business as such an agent. 9 ‑ 30   Supplies that are GST ‑ free or input taxed GST ‑ free   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is GST ‑ free under Division   38 or under a provision of another Act; or   (b)   it is a supply of a right to receive a supply that would be GST ‑ free under paragraph   (a). Input taxed   (2)   A supply is input taxed if:   (a)   it is input taxed under Division   40 or under a provision of another Act; or   (b)   it is a supply of a right to receive a supply that would be input taxed under paragraph   (a). Note:   If a supply is input taxed, there is no entitlement to an input tax credit for the things that are acquired or imported to make the supply (see sections   11 ‑ 15 and 15 ‑ 10). Supplies that would be both GST ‑ free and input taxed   (3)   To the extent that a supply would, apart from this subsection, be both * GST ‑ free and * input taxed:   (a)   the supply is GST ‑ free and not input taxed, unless the provision under which it is input taxed requires the supplier to have chosen for its supplies of that kind to be input taxed; or   (b)   the supply is input taxed and not GST ‑ free, if that provision requires the supplier to have so chosen. Note:   Subdivisions   40 ‑ E (School tuckshops and canteens) and 40 ‑ F (Fund ‑ raising events conducted by charities etc.) require such a choice.) Supply of things used solely in connection with making supplies that are input taxed but not financial supplies   (4)   A supply is taken to be a supply that is * input taxed if it is a supply of anything (other than * new residential premises) that you have used solely in connection with your supplies that are input taxed but are not * financial supplies. 9 ‑ 39   Special rules relating to taxable supplies     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to taxable supplies, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1A Agents and insurance brokers Division   153 1 Associates Division   72 2 Cancelled lay ‑ by sales Division   102 3 Company amalgamations Division   90 3A Compulsory third party schemes Division   79 4 Deposits as security Division   99 5 Gambling Division   126 5A GST religious groups Division   49 6 Insurance Division   78 7 Offshore supplies Division   84 8 Payments of taxes, fees and charges Division   81 8AA Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 8A Second ‑ hand goods Division   66 8B Settlement sharing arrangements Division   80 9 Supplies and acquisitions made on a progressive or periodic basis Division   156 9A Supplies in return for rights to develop land Division   82 10 Supplies in satisfaction of debts Division   105 11 Supplies partly connected with the indirect tax zone Division   96 12 Supply under arrangement covered by PAYG voluntary agreement Division   113 12A Tax ‑ related transactions Division   110 13 Telecommunication supplies Division   85 14 Vouchers Division   100 Subdivision   9 ‑ B — Who is liable for GST on taxable supplies? 9 ‑ 40   Liability for GST on taxable supplies     You must pay the GST payable on any * taxable supply that you make. 9 ‑ 69   Special rules relating to liability for GST on taxable supplies     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to liability for GST on taxable supplies, as follows:   Checklist of special rules   Item For this case ... See: 1 Company amalgamations Division   90 2 GST groups Division   48 3 GST joint ventures Division   51 4 Offshore supplies Division   84 4A Non ‑ residents making supplies connected with the indirect tax zone Division   83 4B Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 5 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 6 Valuable metals Division   86 Subdivision   9 ‑ C — How much GST is payable on taxable supplies? 9 ‑ 70   The amount of GST on taxable supplies     The amount of GST on a * taxable supply is 10% of the * value of the taxable supply. 9 ‑ 75   The value of taxable supplies   (1)   The value of a * taxable supply is as follows: where: price is the sum of:   (a)   so far as the * consideration for the supply is consideration expressed as an amount of * money—the amount (without any discount for the amount of GST (if any) payable on the supply); and   (b)   so far as the consideration is not consideration expressed as an amount of money—the * GST inclusive market value of that consideration. Example:   You make a taxable supply by selling a car for $22,000 in the course of carrying on an enterprise.   The value of the supply is:     The GST on the supply is therefore $2,000 (i.e. 10% of $20,000).   (2)   However, if the taxable supply is of a * luxury car, the value of the taxable supply is as follows: where: luxury car tax value has the meaning given by section   5 ‑ 20 of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 .   (3)   In working out under subsection   (1) the value of a * taxable supply made in a * tax period, being a supply that is a * fringe benefit, the price is taken to be the sum of:   (a)   to the extent that, apart from this subsection, paragraph(a) of the definition of price in subsection   (1) would be applicable:   (i)   if the fringe benefit is a car fringe benefit—so much of the amount that would be worked out under that paragraph as represented the * recipient’s payment made in that period; or   (ii)   if the fringe benefit is a benefit other than a car fringe benefit—so much of the amount that would be worked out under that paragraph as represented the * recipients contribution made in that period; and   (b)   to the extent that, apart from this subsection, paragraph(b) of the definition of price in subsection   (1) would be applicable:   (i)   if the fringe benefit is a car fringe benefit—so much of the amount that would be worked out under that paragraph as represented the recipient’s payment made in that period; or   (ii)   if the fringe benefit is a benefit other than a car fringe benefit—so much of the amount that would be worked out under that paragraph as represented the recipients contribution made in that period.   (4)   Despite subsection   (1), if a supply of goods (the actual supply ) is to be treated as separate supplies because of subsection   9 ‑ 25(6) or 84 ‑ 79(2), then the price of each such separate supply is so much of the price of the actual supply, worked out under subsection   (1), as reasonably represents the price of the separate supply. 9 ‑ 80   The value of taxable supplies that are partly GST ‑ free or input taxed   (1)   If a supply (the actual supply ) is:   (a)   partly a * taxable supply; and   (b)   partly a supply that is * GST ‑ free or * input taxed; the value of the part of the actual supply that is a taxable supply is the proportion of the value of the actual supply that the taxable supply represents.   (2)   The value of the actual supply, for the purposes of subsection   (1), is as follows: where: taxable proportion is the proportion of the value of the actual supply that represents the value of the * taxable supply (expressed as a number between 0 and 1). 9 ‑ 85   Value of taxable supplies to be expressed in Australian currency   (1)   For the purposes of this Act, the * value of a * taxable supply is to be expressed in Australian currency.   (2)   In working out the * value of a * taxable supply, any amount of the * consideration for the supply that is expressed in:   (a)   a currency other than Australian currency; or   (b)   * digital currency; is to be treated as if it were an amount of Australian currency worked out in the manner determined by the Commissioner. 9 ‑ 90   Rounding of amounts of GST One taxable supply recorded on an invoice   (1)   If the amount of GST on a * taxable supply that is the only taxable supply recorded on a particular * invoice would, apart from this section, be an amount that includes a fraction of a cent, the amount of GST is rounded to the nearest cent (rounding 0.5 cents upwards). Several taxable supplies recorded on an invoice   (2)   If 2 or more * taxable supplies are recorded on the same * invoice, the total amount of GST on the supplies is:   (a)   what would be the amount of GST if it were worked out by:   (i)   working out the GST on each of the supplies (without rounding the amounts to the nearest cent); and   (ii)   adding the amounts together and, if the total is an amount that includes a fraction of a cent, rounding it to the nearest cent (rounding 0.5 cents upwards); or   (b)   the amount worked out using the following method statement: Method statement Step 1.   Work out, for each * taxable supply, what would, apart from this section, be the amount of GST on the supply. Step 2.   If the amount for the supply has more decimal places than the number of decimal places allowed by the accounting system used to work out the amount, round the amount (up or down as appropriate) to that number of decimal places.   Note:   Subsection   (4) gives further details of this rounding. Step 3.   Work out the sum of the amounts worked out under step 1 and (if applicable) step 2 for each supply. Step 4.   If the sum under step 3 includes a fraction of a cent, round the sum to the nearest cent (rounding 0.5 cents upwards).   (3)   Whether to use paragraph   (2)(a) or paragraph   (2)(b) to work out the total amount of GST on the supplies is a matter of choice for:   (a)   the supplier if the amount is being worked out to ascertain the supplier’s liability for GST; or   (b)   the * recipient of the supplies if the amount is being worked out to ascertain the recipient’s entitlement to input tax credits.   (4)   In applying step 2 of the method statement in subsection   (2), if:   (a)   the number of decimal places in the amount for the supply exceeds by one decimal place the number of decimal places allowed by the accounting system used to work out the amount; and   (b)   the last digit of the amount (before rounding) is 5; the amount is rounded upwards to that number of decimal places. Taxable supplies divided into items   (5)   If one or more * taxable supplies recorded on the same * invoice are divided into 2 or more items:   (a)   subsection   (1) does not apply; and   (b)   subsection   (2) applies as if each such item represented a separate taxable supply. Taxable supplies recorded on documents other than invoices   (6)   If one or more * taxable supplies, none of which are recorded on an * invoice, are recorded on a document that is not an invoice, this section applies as if the document were an invoice. 9 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to the amount of GST on taxable supplies     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to the amount of GST on taxable supplies, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1A Agents and insurance brokers Division   153 1 Associates Division   72 2 Company amalgamations Division   90 2A Compulsory third party schemes Division   79 3 Gambling Division   126 4 Long ‑ term accommodation in commercial residential premises Division   87 4AA Non ‑ residents making supplies connected with the indirect tax zone Division   83 4A Offshore supplies Division   84 5 Sale of freehold interests etc. Division   75 7 Supplies partly connected with the indirect tax zone Division   96 8 Transactions relating to insurance policies Division   78 8A Valuable metals Division   86 9 Valuation of taxable supplies of goods in bond Division   108 10 Excess GST Division   142 Note:   There are other laws that may affect the amount of GST on taxable supplies. For example, see subsection   357 ‑ 60(3) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 (about the effect of rulings made under Part   5 ‑ 5 in that Schedule). Division   11 — Creditable acquisitions 11 ‑ 1   What this Division is about You are entitled to input tax credits for your creditable acquisitions. This Division defines creditable acquisitions, states who is entitled to the input tax credits and describes how to work out the input tax credits on acquisitions. 11 ‑ 5   What is a creditable acquisition?     You make a creditable acquisition if:   (a)   you acquire anything solely or partly for a * creditable purpose; and   (b)   the supply of the thing to you is a * taxable supply; and   (c)   you provide, or are liable to provide, * consideration for the supply; and   (d)   you are * registered, or * required to be registered. 11 ‑ 10   Meaning of acquisition   (1)   An acquisition is any form of acquisition whatsoever.   (2)   Without limiting subsection   (1), acquisition includes any of these:   (a)   an acquisition of goods;   (b)   an acquisition of services;   (c)   a receipt of advice or information;   (d)   an acceptance of a grant, assignment or surrender of * real property;   (e)   an acceptance of a grant, transfer, assignment or surrender of any right;   (f)   an acquisition of something the supply of which is a * financial supply;   (g)   an acquisition of a right to require another person:   (i)   to do anything; or   (ii)   to refrain from an act; or   (iii)   to tolerate an act or situation;   (h)   any combination of any 2 or more of the matters referred to in paragraphs   (a) to (g).   (3)   However, acquisition does not include:   (a)   an acquisition of * money unless the money is provided as * consideration for a supply that is a supply of money or * digital currency; or   (b)   an acquisition of digital currency unless the digital currency is provided as consideration for a supply that is a supply of digital currency or money. 11 ‑ 15   Meaning of creditable purpose   (1)   You acquire a thing for a creditable purpose to the extent that you acquire it in * carrying on your * enterprise.   (2)   However, you do not acquire the thing for a creditable purpose to the extent that:   (a)   the acquisition relates to making supplies that would be * input taxed; or   (b)   the acquisition is of a private or domestic nature.   (3)   An acquisition is not treated, for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a), as relating to making supplies that would be * input taxed to the extent that the supply is made through an * enterprise, or a part of an enterprise, that you * carry on outside the indirect tax zone.   (4)   An acquisition is not treated, for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a), as relating to making supplies that would be * input taxed if:   (a)   the only reason it would (apart from this subsection) be so treated is because it relates to making * financial supplies; and   (b)   you do not * exceed the financial acquisitions threshold.   (5)   An acquisition is not treated, for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a), as relating to making supplies that would be * input taxed to the extent that:   (a)   the acquisition relates to making a * financial supply consisting of a borrowing (other than through a * deposit account you make available); and   (b)   the borrowing relates to you making supplies that are not input taxed. 11 ‑ 20   Who is entitled to input tax credits for creditable acquisitions?     You are entitled to the input tax credit for any * creditable acquisition that you make. 11 ‑ 25   How much are the input tax credits for creditable acquisitions?     The amount of the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition is an amount equal to the GST payable on the supply of the thing acquired. However, the amount of the input tax credit is reduced if the acquisition is only * partly creditable. Note:   The basic rule for working out the GST payable on the supply is in Subdivision   9 ‑ C. However, the GST payable may be affected by other provisions in: (a)   this Act (for a list of provisions, see section   9 ‑ 99); and (b)   other GST laws (for example, see subsection   357 ‑ 60(3) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 (about the effect of rulings made under Part   5 ‑ 5 in that Schedule)). 11 ‑ 30   Acquisitions that are partly creditable   (1)   An acquisition that you make is partly creditable if it is a * creditable acquisition to which one or both of the following apply:   (a)   you make the acquisition only partly for a * creditable purpose;   (b)   you provide, or are liable to provide, only part of the * consideration for the acquisition.   (3)   The amount of the input tax credit on an acquisition that you make that is * partly creditable is as follows: where: extent of consideration is the extent to which you provide, or are liable to provide, the * consideration for the acquisition, expressed as a percentage of the total consideration for the acquisition. extent of creditable purpose is the extent to which the * creditable acquisition is for a * creditable purpose, expressed as a percentage of the total purpose of the acquisition. full input tax credit is what would have been the amount of the input tax credit for the acquisition if it had been made solely for a creditable purpose and you had provided, or had been liable to provide, all of the consideration for the acquisition.   (4)   For the purpose of working out the extent of the * consideration, so far as the consideration is not expressed as an amount of * money, take into account the * GST inclusive market value of the consideration.   (5)   The Commissioner may determine, in writing, one or more ways in which to work out, for the purpose of subsection   (3), the extent to which a * creditable acquisition is for a * creditable purpose. 11 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to acquisitions     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to acquisitions, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1A Agents and insurance brokers Division   153 1B Annual apportionment of creditable purpose Division   131 1 Associates Division   72 2 Company amalgamations Division   90 2A Compulsory third party schemes Division   79 3 Financial supplies (reduced credit acquisitions) Division   70 3A Fringe benefits provided by input taxed suppliers Division   71 4 Gambling Division   126 5 GST groups Division   48 6 GST joint ventures Division   51 6A GST religious groups Division   49 7 Insurance Division   78 7A Limited registration entities Division   146 8 Non ‑ deductible expenses Division   69 8A Offshore supplies Division   84 9 Pre ‑ establishment costs Division   60 10 Reimbursement of employees etc. Division   111 10A Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 11 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 13 Sale of freehold interests etc. Division   75 14 Second ‑ hand goods Division   66 15 Settlement sharing arrangements Division   80 16 Time limit on entitlements to input tax credits Division   93 Part   2 ‑ 3 — Importations Division   13 — Taxable importations 13 ‑ 1   What this Division is about GST is payable on taxable importations. This Division defines taxable importations, states who is liable for the GST and describes how to work out the GST on importations. Note 1:   This Division applies whether or not you are registered. Note 2:   Things other than goods that are supplied overseas for use in the indirect tax zone (and are therefore in that sense “imported”) are not taxable importations, but they can attract GST under Subdivision   84 ‑ A. 13 ‑ 5   What are taxable importations?   (1)   You make a taxable importation if:   (a)   goods are imported; and   (b)   you enter the goods for home consumption (within the meaning of the Customs Act 1901 ). However, the importation is not a taxable importation to the extent that it is a * non ‑ taxable importation. Note:   There is no registration requirement for taxable importations, and the importer need not be carrying on an enterprise.   (3)   However, an importation of * money is not an importation of goods into the indirect tax zone. 13 ‑ 10   Meaning of non ‑ taxable importation     An importation is a non ‑ taxable importation if:   (a)   it is a non ‑ taxable importation under Part   3 ‑ 2; or   (b)   it would have been a supply that was * GST ‑ free or * input taxed if it had been a supply. 13 ‑ 15   Who is liable for GST on taxable importations?     You must pay the GST payable on any * taxable importation that you make. 13 ‑ 20   How much GST is payable on taxable importations?   (1)   The amount of GST on the * taxable importation is 10% of the * value of the taxable importation.   (2)   The value of a * taxable importation is the sum of:   (a)   the * customs value of the goods imported; and   (b)   the amount paid or payable:   (i)   for the * international transport of the goods to their * place of consignment in the indirect tax zone; and   (ii)   to insure the goods for that transport;     to the extent that the amount is not already included under paragraph   (a); and   (ba)   the amount paid or payable for a supply to which item   5A in the table in subsection   38 ‑ 355(1) applies, to the extent that the amount:   (i)   is not an amount, the payment of which (or the discharging of a liability to make a payment of which), because of Division   81 or regulations made under that Division, is not the provision of * consideration; and Note:   Division   81 excludes certain taxes, fees and charges from the provision of consideration.   (ii)   is not already included under paragraph   (a) or (b); and   (c)   any * customs duty payable in respect of the importation of the goods; and   (d)   any * wine tax payable in respect of the * local entry of the goods.   (2A)   If an amount to be taken into account under paragraph   (2)(b) or (ba) is not an amount in Australian currency, the amount so taken into account is the equivalent in Australian currency of that amount, ascertained in the way provided in section   161J of the Customs Act 1901 .   (3)   The Commissioner may, in writing:   (a)   determine the way in which the amount paid or payable for a specified kind of transport or insurance is to be worked out for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(b); and   (b)   determine the way in which the amount paid or payable for a specified kind of supply referred to in paragraph   (2)(ba) is to be worked out for the purposes of that paragraph; and   (c)   in relation to importations of a specified kind or importations to which specified circumstances apply—determine that:   (i)   the amount paid or payable for a specified kind of transport or insurance is taken, for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(b), to be zero; or   (ii)   the amount paid or payable for a specified kind of supply referred to in paragraph   (2)(ba) is taken, for the purposes of that paragraph, to be zero.   (4)   For a * taxable importation that you make, you may choose to treat the amount under paragraph   (2)(b), (or, if paragraph   (2)(ba) applies, the sum of the amounts under paragraphs   (2)(b) and (ba)), as an amount equal to:   (a)   the percentage prescribed by the regulations of the * customs value of the goods imported; or   (b)   if no percentage is prescribed—10% of their customs value.   (5)   However, subsection   (4) does not apply if:   (a)   you are not * registered; or   (b)   the * local entry of the goods is a * taxable dealing in relation to * wine; or   (c)   the importation of the goods is a * taxable importation of a luxury car. 13 ‑ 25   The value of taxable importations that are partly non ‑ taxable importations     If an importation (the actual importation ) is:   (a)   partly a * taxable importation; and   (b)   partly a * non ‑ taxable importation; the value of the part of the actual importation that is a taxable importation is the proportion of the value of the actual importation (worked out as if it were solely a taxable importation) that the taxable importation represents. 13 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to taxable importations     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to taxable importations, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1 GST groups Division   48 2 GST joint ventures Division   51 3 Importations without entry for home consumption Division   114 4 Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 5 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 6 Valuation of re ‑ imported goods Division   117 Note:   There are other laws that may affect the amount of GST on taxable importations. For example, see subsection   357 ‑ 60(3) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 (about the effect of rulings made under Part   5 ‑ 5 in that Schedule). Division   15 — Creditable importations 15 ‑ 1   What this Division is about You are entitled to input tax credits for your creditable importations. This Division defines creditable importations, states who is entitled to the input tax credits and describes how to work out the input tax credits on importations. 15 ‑ 5   What are creditable importations?     You make a creditable importation if:   (a)   you import goods solely or partly for a * creditable purpose; and   (b)   the importation is a * taxable importation; and   (c)   you are * registered, or * required to be registered. 15 ‑ 10   Meaning of creditable purpose   (1)   You import goods for a creditable purpose to the extent that you import the goods in * carrying on your * enterprise.   (2)   However, you do not import the goods for a creditable purpose to the extent that:   (a)   the importation relates to making supplies that would be * input taxed; or   (b)   the importation is of a private or domestic nature.   (3)   An importation is not treated, for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a), as relating to making supplies that would be * input taxed to the extent that the supply is made through an * enterprise, or a part of an enterprise, that you * carry on outside the indirect tax zone.   (4)   An importation is not treated, for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a), as relating to making supplies that would be * input taxed if:   (a)   the only reason it would (apart from this subsection) be so treated is because it relates to making * financial supplies; and   (b)   you do not * exceed the financial acquisitions threshold.   (5)   An importation is not treated, for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a), as relating to making supplies that would be * input taxed to the extent that:   (a)   the importation relates to making a * financial supply consisting of a borrowing; and   (b)   the borrowing relates to you making supplies that are not input taxed. 15 ‑ 15   Who is entitled to input tax credits for creditable importations?     You are entitled to the input tax credit for any * creditable importation that you make. 15 ‑ 20   How much are the input tax credits for creditable importations?     The amount of input tax credit for a * creditable importation is an amount equal to the GST payable on the importation. However, the amount of the input tax credit is reduced if the importation is only * partly creditable. Note:   The basic rule for working out the GST payable on the importation is in section   13 ‑ 20. However, the GST payable may be affected by other provisions in: (a)   this Act (for a list of provisions, see section   13 ‑ 99); and (b)   other GST laws (for example, see subsection   357 ‑ 60(3) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 (about the effect of rulings made under Part   5 ‑ 5 in that Schedule)). 15 ‑ 25   Importations that are partly creditable   (1)   An importation that you make is partly creditable if it is a * creditable importation that you make only partly for a * creditable purpose.   (3)   The amount of the input tax credit on an importation that you make that is * partly creditable is as follows: where: extent of creditable purpose is the extent to which the importation is for a * creditable purpose, expressed as a percentage of the total purpose of the importation. full input tax credit is what would have been the amount of the input tax credit for the importation if it had been made solely for a creditable purpose.   (4)   The Commissioner may determine, in writing, one or more ways in which to work out, for the purpose of subsection   (3), the extent to which an importation is for a * creditable purpose. 15 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to creditable importations     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to creditable importations, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1AA Annual apportionment of creditable purpose Division   131 1A Fringe benefits provided by input taxed suppliers Division   71 1 GST groups Division   48 2 GST joint ventures Division   51 2AA Importations without entry for home consumption Division   114 2A Non ‑ deductible expenses Division   69 3 Pre ‑ establishment costs Division   60 3A Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 4 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 Part   2 ‑ 4 — Net amounts and adjustments Division   17 — Net amounts and adjustments 17 ‑ 1   What this Division is about A net amount is worked out for each tax period that applies to you. Adjustments can be made to the net amount. Increasing adjustments increase your net amount, and decreasing adjustments decrease your net amount. Note:   GST on taxable importations is not included in the net amount. It is dealt with separately under section   33 ‑ 15. 17 ‑ 5   Net amounts   (1)   The net amount for a tax period applying to you is worked out using the following formula: where: GST is the sum of all of the GST for which you are liable on the * taxable supplies that are attributable to the tax period. input tax credits is the sum of all of the input tax credits to which you are entitled for the * creditable acquisitions and * creditable importations that are attributable to the tax period. Note 1:   For the basic rules on what is attributable to a particular period, see Division   29. Note 2:   For further rules if you have excess GST for the period, see Division   142.   (2)   However, the * net amount for the tax period:   (a)   may be increased or decreased if you have any * adjustments for the tax period; and   (b)   may be increased or decreased under Subdivision   21 ‑ A of the * Wine Tax Act; and   (c)   may be increased or decreased under Subdivision   13 ‑ A of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 . Note 1:   Under Subdivision   21 ‑ A of the Wine Tax Act, amounts of wine tax increase the net amount, and amounts of wine tax credits reduce the net amount. Note 2:   Under Subdivision   13 ‑ A of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 , amounts of luxury car tax increase the net amount, and luxury car tax adjustments alter the net amount. 17 ‑ 10   Adjustments     If you have any * adjustments that are attributable to a tax period applying to you, alter your * net amount for the period as follows:   (a)   add to the amount worked out under subsection   17 ‑ 5(1) for the period the sum of all the * increasing adjustments (if any) that are attributable to the period;   (b)   subtract from that amount the sum of all the * decreasing adjustments (if any) that are attributable to the period. For the basic rules on what adjustments are attributable to a particular period, see Division   29. 17 ‑ 20   Determinations relating to how to work out net amounts   (1)   The Commissioner may make a determination that, in the circumstances specified in the determination, a * net amount for a tax period may be worked out to take account of other matters in the way specified in the determination.   (2)   The matters must relate to correction of errors that were made in working out * net amounts for tax periods to which subsection   (2A) applies.   (2A)   This subsection applies to a * net amount for a tax period (the earlier tax period ) if:   (a)   the earlier tax period precedes the tax period mentioned in subsection   (1); and   (b)   the tax period mentioned in subsection   (1) starts during the * period of review for the * assessment of the * net amount.   (3)   If those circumstances apply in relation to a tax period applying to you, you may work out your * net amount for the tax period in that way. 17 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to net amounts or adjustments     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to net amounts or adjustments, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1A Annual apportionment of creditable purpose Division   131 1 Anti ‑ avoidance Division   165 2 Cessation of registration Division   138 3 Changes in the extent of creditable purpose Division   129 4 Company amalgamations Division   90 4AA Compulsory third party schemes Division   79 4A Distributions from deceased estates Division   139 5 Gambling Division   126 5A Goods applied solely to private or domestic use Division   130 6 GST branches Division   54 7 GST groups Division   48 8 GST joint ventures Division   51 8A GST religious groups Division   49 9 Insurance Division   78 9AA Non ‑ deductible expenses Division   69 9A Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities Division   63 9B Payment of GST by instalments Division   162 9C Providing additional consideration under gross ‑ up clauses Division   133 10 Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 11 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 11A Sale of freehold interests etc. Division   75 12 Second ‑ hand goods Division   66 12AA Settlement sharing arrangements Division   80 12A Simplified accounting methods for retailers and small enterprise entities Division   123 12B Stock on hand on becoming registered etc. Division   137 13 Supplies in satisfaction of debts Division   105 14 Supplies of going concerns Division   135 15 Supplies of things acquired etc. without full input tax credits Division   132 15A Third party payments Division   134 16 Tradex scheme goods Division   141 17 Vouchers Division   100 Division   19 — Adjustment events Table of Subdivisions 19 ‑ A   Adjustment events 19 ‑ B   Adjustments for supplies 19 ‑ C   Adjustments for acquisitions 19 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Adjustments can arise because of adjustment events. They are events such as a cancellation of a supply or acquisition, or a change in the consideration for a supply or acquisition (for example, because of a volume discount). Note:   Importations do not give rise to adjustment events. 19 ‑ 5   Explanation of the effect of adjustment events     The following diagram shows how an * adjustment event for a supply or acquisition can give rise to an * increasing adjustment or a * decreasing adjustment.     Note:   This section is an explanatory section. Subdivision   19 ‑ A — Adjustment events 19 ‑ 10   Adjustment events   (1)   An adjustment event is any event which has the effect of:   (a)   cancelling a supply or acquisition; or   (b)   changing the * consideration for a supply or acquisition; or   (c)   causing a supply or acquisition to become, or stop being, a * taxable supply or * creditable acquisition. Example:   If goods that are supplied for export are not exported within the time provided in section   38 ‑ 185, the supply is likely to become a taxable supply after originally being a supply that was GST ‑ free.   (2)   Without limiting subsection   (1), these are * adjustment events:   (a)   the return to a supplier of a thing, or part of a thing, supplied (whether or not the return involves a change of ownership of the thing);   (b)   a change to the previously agreed * consideration for a supply or acquisition, whether due to the offer of a discount or otherwise;   (c)   a change in the extent to which an entity that makes an acquisition provides, or is liable to provide, consideration for the acquisition (unless the entity * accounts on a cash basis).   (3)   An * adjustment event:   (a)   can arise in relation to a supply even if it is not a * taxable supply; and   (b)   can arise in relation to an acquisition even if it is not a * creditable acquisition.   (4)   However, the return of a thing supplied, or part of a thing supplied, to its supplier is not an * adjustment event if the return is for the purpose of repair or maintenance. Subdivision   19 ‑ B — Adjustments for supplies 19 ‑ 40   Where adjustments for supplies arise     You have an adjustment for a supply for which you are liable to pay GST (or would be liable to pay GST if it were a * taxable supply) if:   (a)   in relation to the supply, one or more * adjustment events occur during a tax period; and   (b)   GST on the supply was attributable to an earlier tax period (or, if the supply was not a taxable supply, would have been attributable to an earlier tax period had the supply been a taxable supply); and   (c)   as a result of those adjustment events, the * previously attributed GST amount for the supply (if any) no longer correctly reflects the amount of GST (if any) on the supply (the corrected GST amount ), taking into account any change of circumstances that has given rise to an adjustment for the supply under this Subdivision or Division   21 or 134. 19 ‑ 45   Previously attributed GST amounts     The previously attributed GST amount for a supply is:   (a)   the amount of any GST that was attributable to a tax period in respect of the supply; plus   (b)   the sum of any * increasing adjustments, under this Subdivision or Division   21, that were previously attributable to a tax period in respect of the supply; minus   (c)   the sum of any * decreasing adjustments, under this Subdivision or Division   21 or 134, that were previously attributable to a tax period in respect of the supply. 19 ‑ 50   Increasing adjustments for supplies     If the * corrected GST amount is greater than the * previously attributed GST amount, you have an increasing adjustment equal to the difference between the corrected GST amount and the previously attributed GST amount. 19 ‑ 55   Decreasing adjustments for supplies     If the * corrected GST amount is less than the * previously attributed GST amount, you have a decreasing adjustment equal to the difference between the previously attributed GST amount and the corrected GST amount. Subdivision   19 ‑ C — Adjustments for acquisitions 19 ‑ 70   Where adjustments for acquisitions arise   (1)   You have an adjustment for an acquisition for which you are entitled to an input tax credit (or would be entitled to an input tax credit if the acquisition were a * creditable acquisition) if:   (a)   in relation to the acquisition, one or more * adjustment events occur during a tax period; and   (b)   an input tax credit on the acquisition was attributable to an earlier tax period (or, if the acquisition was not a creditable acquisition, would have been attributable to an earlier tax period had the acquisition been a creditable acquisition); and   (c)   as a result of those adjustment events, the * previously attributed input tax credit amount for the acquisition (if any) no longer correctly reflects the amount of the input tax credit (if any) on the acquisition (the corrected input tax credit amount ).   (2)   In working out the * corrected input tax credit amount for the acquisition:   (a)   take into account any change of circumstances that has given rise to an adjustment for the acquisition under this Subdivision or Division   21, 129, 133 or 134; and   (b)   if an adjustment relating to the acquisition under Division   131 was attributable to an earlier tax period:   (i)   do not take into account that adjustment; and   (ii)   treat the acquisition as one in relation to which Division   131 had not applied. 19 ‑ 75   Previously attributed input tax credit amounts     The previously attributed input tax credit amount for an acquisition is:   (a)   the amount of any input tax credit that was attributable to a tax period in respect of the acquisition; minus   (b)   the sum of any * increasing adjustments, under this Subdivision or Division   21, 129, 131 or 134, that were previously attributable to a tax period in respect of the acquisition; plus   (c)   the sum of any * decreasing adjustments, under this Subdivision or Division   21, 129 or 133, that were previously attributable to a tax period in respect of the acquisition. 19 ‑ 80   Increasing adjustments for acquisitions     If the * previously attributed input tax credit amount is greater than the * corrected input tax credit amount, you have an increasing adjustment equal to the difference between the previously attributed input tax credit amount and the corrected input tax credit amount. 19 ‑ 85   Decreasing adjustments for acquisitions     If the * previously attributed input tax credit amount is less than the * corrected input tax credit amount, you have a decreasing adjustment equal to the difference between the corrected input tax credit amount and the previously attributed input tax credit amount. 19 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to adjustment events     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to * adjustment events in particular cases, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1AA Compulsory third party schemes Division   79 1AB Excess GST and cancelled supplies Division   142 1A GST religious groups Division   49 1 Insurance Division   78 2 Non ‑ deductible expenses Division   69 2A Providing additional consideration under gross ‑ up clauses Division   133 3 Settlement sharing arrangements Division   80 4 Third party payments Division   134 Division   21 — Bad debts 21 ‑ 1   What this Division is about If debts are written off as bad or are outstanding after 12 months, adjustments (for the purpose of working out net amounts) are made. They can arise both for amounts written off or outstanding and for recovery of amounts previously written off or outstanding. Note:   This Division does not apply to supplies and acquisitions that you account for on a cash basis (except in the limited circumstances referred to in Division   159). 21 ‑ 5   Writing off bad debts (taxable supplies)   (1)   You have a decreasing adjustment if:   (a)   you made a * taxable supply; and   (b)   the whole or part of the * consideration for the supply has not been received; and   (c)   you write off as bad the whole or a part of the debt, or the whole or a part of the debt has been * overdue for 12 months or more. The amount of the decreasing adjustment is 1 / 11 of the amount written off, or 1 / 11 of the amount that has been overdue for 12 months or more, as the case requires.   (2)   However, you cannot have an * adjustment under this section if you * account on a cash basis. 21 ‑ 10   Recovering amounts previously written off (taxable supplies)     You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you made a * taxable supply in relation to which you had a * decreasing adjustment under section   21 ‑ 5 for a debt; and   (b)   you recover the whole or a part of the amount written off, or the whole or a part of the amount that has been * overdue for 12 months or more, as the case requires. The amount of the increasing adjustment is 1 / 11 of the amount recovered. 21 ‑ 15   Bad debts written off (creditable acquisitions)   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you made a * creditable acquisition for * consideration; and   (b)   the whole or part of the consideration is * overdue, but you have not provided the consideration overdue; and   (c)   the supplier of the thing you acquired writes off as bad the whole or a part of the debt, or the whole or a part of the debt has been overdue for 12 months or more. The amount of the increasing adjustment is 1 / 11 of the amount written off, or 1 / 11 of the amount that has been overdue for 12 months or more, as the case requires.   (2)   However, you cannot have an * adjustment under this section if you * account on a cash basis. 21 ‑ 20   Recovering amounts previously written off (creditable acquisitions)     You have a decreasing adjustment if:   (a)   you made a * creditable acquisition in relation to which you had an * increasing adjustment under section   21 ‑ 15 for a debt; and   (b)   you pay to the supplier of the thing you acquired the whole or a part of the amount written off, or the whole or a part of the amount that has been * overdue for 12 months or more, as the case requires. The amount of the decreasing adjustment is 1 / 11 of the amount recovered. 21 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to adjustments for bad debts     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to adjustments for bad debts, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1A Bad debts relating to transactions that are not taxable or creditable to the fullest extent Division   136 1 Changing your accounting basis Division   159 2 Gambling Division   126 2A Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 3 Sale of freehold interests etc. Division   75 Part   2 ‑ 5 — Registration Division   23 — Who is required to be registered and who may be registered 23 ‑ 1   Explanation of Division     This diagram shows when you are required to be, and when you may, be registered.   Note:   This section is an explanatory section. 23 ‑ 5   Who is required to be registered     You are required to be registered under this Act if:   (a)   you are * carrying on an * enterprise; and   (b)   your * GST turnover meets the * registration turnover threshold. Note:   It is the entity that carries on the enterprise that is required to be registered (and not the enterprise). 23 ‑ 10   Who may be registered   (1)   You may be * registered under this Act if you are carrying on an * enterprise (whether or not your * GST turnover is at, above or below the * registration turnover threshold).   (2)   You may be * registered under this Act if you intend to carry on an * enterprise from a particular date. 23 ‑ 15   The registration turnover threshold   (1)   Your registration turnover threshold (unless you are a non ‑ profit body) is:   (a)   $50,000; or   (b)   such higher amount as the regulations specify.   (2)   Your registration turnover threshold if you are a non ‑ profit body is:   (a)   $100,000; or   (b)   such higher amount as the regulations specify. 23 ‑ 20   Not registered for 4 years     Despite section   23 ‑ 5, you are treated as not having been * required to be registered under this Act on a day if your * registration could not take effect from that day because of subsection   25 ‑ 10(1A). Note:   Subsection   25 ‑ 10(1A) provides that the date of effect of your registration must not be a day that occurred more than 4 years before the day of the Commissioner’s decision to register you, unless the Commissioner is of the opinion there has been fraud or evasion. 23 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to who is required to be registered or who may be registered     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to who is * required to be registered, or who may be * registered, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1A Government entities     Division   149 1B Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities Division   63 1 Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 2 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 3 Taxis Division   144 Division   25 — How you become registered, and how your registration can be cancelled Table of Subdivisions 25 ‑ A   How you become registered 25 ‑ B   How your registration can be cancelled Subdivision   25 ‑ A — How you become registered 25 ‑ 1   When you must apply for registration     You must apply, in the * approved form, to be * registered under this Act if:   (a)   you are not registered under this Act; and   (b)   you are * required to be registered. You must make your application within 21 days after becoming required to be registered. 25 ‑ 5   When the Commissioner must register you   (1)   The Commissioner must * register you if:   (a)   you have applied for registration in an * approved form; and   (b)   the Commissioner is satisfied that you are * carrying on an * enterprise, or you intend to carry on an enterprise from a particular date specified in your application. Note:   Refusing to register you under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner must * register you (even if you have not applied for registration) if the Commissioner is satisfied that you are * required to be registered. Note:   Registering you under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (3)   The Commissioner must notify you in writing of any decision he or she makes in relation to you under this section. If the Commissioner decides to * register you, the notice must specify the following:   (a)   the date of effect of your registration;   (b)   your registration number;   (c)   the tax periods that apply to you. 25 ‑ 10   The date of effect of your registration   (1)   The Commissioner must decide the date from which your * registration takes effect, or took effect. However:   (a)   if you did not apply for registration and the Commissioner is satisfied that you are * required to be registered—the date of effect must not be a day before the day on which you became required to be registered; or   (b)   if you applied for registration—the date of effect must not be a day before:   (i)   the day specified in your application; or   (ii)   if the Commissioner is satisfied that you became required to be registered on an earlier day—the day that the Commissioner is satisfied is that earlier day; or   (c)   if you are being registered only because you intend to * carry on an * enterprise—the date of effect must not be a day before the day specified, in your application for registration, as the day from which you intend to carry on the enterprise. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of your registration is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (1A)   The date of effect must not be a day that occurred more than 4 years before the day of the decision, unless the Commissioner is of the opinion there has been fraud or evasion.   (2)   The * Australian Business Registrar must enter in the * Australian Business Register the date on which your * registration takes or took effect. 25 ‑ 15   Effect of backdating your registration     If the Commissioner decides under section   25 ‑ 10, as the date of effect of your * registration ( your registration day ), a day before the day of the decision, then you are taken:   (a)   for the purpose of determining whether a supply you made on or after your registration day was a * taxable supply; and   (b)   for the purpose of determining whether an acquisition you made on or after that day was a * creditable acquisition; and   (c)   for the purpose of determining whether an importation you made on or after that day was a * creditable importation; to have been registered from and including your registration day. Note:   This section ensures that backdating your registration enables your supplies and acquisitions made on or after the date of effect to be picked up by the GST system. Section   25 ‑ 10 limits the extent to which your registration can be backdated. 25 ‑ 49   Special rules relating to registration     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to * registration in particular cases, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1A Government entities Division   149 1 GST branches Division   54 1AA Limited registration entities Division   146 2 Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities Division   63 3 Non ‑ residents making supplies connected with the indirect tax zone Division   83 Subdivision   25 ‑ B — How your registration can be cancelled 25 ‑ 50   When you must apply for cancellation of registration     If you are * registered and you are not * carrying on any * enterprise, you must apply to the Commissioner in the * approved form for cancellation of your * registration. You must lodge your application within 21 days after the day on which you ceased to be carrying on any * enterprise. 25 ‑ 55   When the Commissioner must cancel registration   (1)   The Commissioner must cancel your * registration if:   (a)   you have applied for cancellation of registration in the * approved form; and   (b)   at the time you applied for cancellation of registration, you had been registered for at least 12 months; and   (c)   the Commissioner is satisfied that you are not * required to be registered. Note:   Refusing to cancel your registration under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner must cancel your * registration (even if you have not applied for cancellation of your registration) if:   (a)   the Commissioner is satisfied that you are not * carrying on an * enterprise; and   (b)   the Commissioner believes on reasonable grounds that you are not likely to carry on an enterprise for at least 12 months. Note:   Cancelling your registration under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (3)   The Commissioner must notify you of any decision he or she makes in relation to you under this section. If the Commissioner decides to cancel your * registration, the notice must specify the date of effect of the cancellation. 25 ‑ 57   When the Commissioner may cancel your registration   (1)   The Commissioner may cancel your * registration if:   (a)   less than 12 months after being registered, you apply for cancellation of registration in the * approved form; and   (b)   the Commissioner is satisfied that you are not * required to be registered. Note:   Refusing to cancel your registration under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   In considering your application, the Commissioner may have regard to:   (a)   how long you have been * registered; and   (b)   whether you have previously been registered; and   (c)   any other relevant matters.   (3)   The Commissioner must notify you of any decision he or she makes in relation to you under this section. If the Commissioner decides to cancel your * registration, the notice must specify the date of effect of the cancellation. 25 ‑ 60   The date of effect of your cancellation   (1)   The Commissioner must decide the date on which the cancellation of your * registration under subsection   25 ‑ 55(1) or (2) or section   25 ‑ 57 takes effect. That date may be any day occurring before, on or after the day on which the Commissioner makes the decision. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of the cancellation of your registration is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The * Australian Business Registrar must enter in the * Australian Business Register the date on which the cancellation of your * registration takes effect. 25 ‑ 65   Effect of backdating your cancellation of registration     If the Commissioner decides under section   25 ‑ 60, as the date of effect of the cancellation of your * registration ( your cancellation day ), a day before the day of the decision, your registration is taken:   (a)   for the purpose of determining whether a supply you made on or after your cancellation day was a * taxable supply; and   (b)   for the purpose of determining whether an acquisition you made on or after that day was a * creditable acquisition; and   (c)   for the purpose of determining whether an importation you made on or after that date was a * creditable importation; to have been cancelled from and including your cancellation day. 25 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to cancellation of registration     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to cancellation of * registration in particular cases, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1A Government entities Division   149 1 GST branches Division   54 1AA Limited registration entities Division   146 1B Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities Division   63 2 Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 3 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 Part   2 ‑ 6 — Tax periods Division   27 — How to work out the tax periods that apply to you 27 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division tells you the tax periods that apply to you. You need to know this because your net amounts are worked out in respect of these tax periods. 27 ‑ 5   General rule—3 month tax periods     The tax periods that apply to you are each period of 3 months ending on 31   March, 30   June, 30   September or 31   December in any year, except to the extent that:   (a)   an election is in force under section   27 ‑ 10; or   (b)   the Commissioner determines otherwise under this Division. Note:   Several provisions in Chapter   4 provide for different tax periods. In particular, Division   151 provides for annual tax periods. 27 ‑ 10   Election of one month tax periods   (1)   The tax periods that apply to you are each individual month if, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, you elect to have as the tax periods that apply to you each individual month.   (2)   The election takes effect on the day specified in the notice. However, the day specified must be 1   January, 1   April, 1   July or 1   October. 27 ‑ 15   Determination of one month tax periods   (1)   The Commissioner must determine that the tax periods that apply to you are each individual month if:   (a)   the Commissioner is satisfied that your * GST turnover meets the * tax period turnover threshold; or   (b)   the Commissioner is satisfied that the period for which you will be * carrying on an * enterprise in the indirect tax zone is less than 3 months; or   (c)   the Commissioner is satisfied that you have a history of failing to comply with your obligations under a * taxation law. Note:   Determining under this section the tax periods applying to you is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The determination takes effect on the day specified in the determination. However, the day specified must be 1   January, 1   April, 1   July or 1   October. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of the determination is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (3)   The tax period turnover threshold is:   (a)   $20 million; or   (b)   such other amount as the regulations specify. However, if the regulations change the tax period turnover threshold, the change does not apply to you until the start of the next tax period that starts after the regulation in question comes into operation. 27 ‑ 20   Withdrawing elections of one month tax periods   (1)   You may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, withdraw an election under section   27 ‑ 10, unless your * GST turnover meets the * tax period turnover threshold.   (2)   The withdrawal takes effect on the day specified in the notice. However, the day specified:   (a)   must be 1   January, 1   April, 1   July or 1   October, or any day occurring before the election takes effect; and   (b)   must not be a day occurring earlier than 12 months after the election took effect. 27 ‑ 22   Revoking elections of one month tax periods   (1)   The Commissioner may, if you so request in the * approved form, revoke your election under section   27 ‑ 10, with effect from a day occurring earlier than 12 months after the election took effect, unless the Commissioner is satisfied that your * GST turnover meets the * tax period turnover threshold. Note:   Refusing to revoke your election under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   In considering your request, the Commissioner may have regard to:   (a)   for how long the tax periods applying to you have been each individual month; and   (b)   whether you have previously been * registered, and whether such tax periods had applied to you; and   (c)   any other relevant matters.   (3)   The revocation:   (a)   takes effect on the day specified in the instrument of revocation; or   (b)   is taken to have had effect from a past day specified in the instrument of revocation. However, the day specified must be 1   January, 1   April, 1   July or 1   October. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of the revocation is a reviewable decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 27 ‑ 25   Revoking determinations of one month tax periods   (1)   The Commissioner must revoke a determination under section   27 ‑ 15 relating to you if you so request, unless the Commissioner is satisfied that any of the grounds for making a determination under that section apply to you. Note:   Refusing to revoke a determination under this section is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The revocation takes effect on the day specified in the instrument of revocation. However, the day specified:   (a)   must be 1   January, 1   April, 1   July or 1   October; and   (b)   must not be a day occurring earlier than 12 months after the determination took effect. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of the revocation is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 27 ‑ 30   Tax periods determined by the Commissioner to take account of changes in tax periods   (1)   For the purpose of ensuring the effective operation of this Division where:   (a)   you become * registered or * required to be registered; or   (b)   the tax periods applying to you have changed; the Commissioner may, by written notice given to you, determine that a period specified in the notice is a tax period that applies to you. Note:   Determining under this section a tax period applying to you is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The period specified in the notice may start earlier than the day on which the notice is given to you.   (3)   However, the period specified in the notice:   (a)   must be less than 3 months; and   (b)   must not overlap with any part of any other tax period for which you have already given a * GST return to the Commissioner. For the giving of GST returns to the Commissioner, see Division   31. 27 ‑ 35   Changing the days on which your tax periods end   (1)   You may change the day in each year on which a tax period would otherwise end. However:   (a)   the day must be no more than 7 days earlier or 7 days later than a day on which one of the tax periods that applies to you would otherwise end if the days were not changed; and   (b)   the change must be consistent with the commercial accounting periods that apply to you.   (2)   If the day on which a tax period ends is changed, the next tax period starts on the day after that day. 27 ‑ 37   Special determination of tax periods on request   (1)   The Commissioner may, in accordance with a request you make in the * approved form, determine the tax periods applying to you to be the tax periods specified in the request if the Commissioner is satisfied that:   (a)   your * GST turnover meets the * tax period turnover threshold; and   (b)   the tax periods specified in the request are consistent with the commercial accounting periods that apply to you; and   (c)   the tax periods specified in the request would, if determined under this section, result in 12 complete tax periods in each year; and   (d)   any other requirements specified in the regulations are complied with. Note:   Refusing a request for a determination under this section is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   A determination under this section overrides any determination under section   27 ‑ 15 or 27 ‑ 30 relating to tax periods applying to you. 27 ‑ 38   Revoking special determination of tax periods   (1)   The Commissioner must revoke a determination under section   27 ‑ 37 if the Commissioner is satisfied that any of the requirements of paragraphs 27 ‑ 37(1)(a), (b), (c) and (d) are not complied with. Note:   Revoking a determination under this section is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The revocation takes effect on the day specified in the instrument of revocation. However, the day specified must be 1   January, 1   April, 1   July or 1   October. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of the revocation is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (3)   A revocation under this section revives any election under section   27 ‑ 10, or any determination under section   27 ‑ 15 or 27 ‑ 30, relating to tax periods applying to you. 27 ‑ 39   Tax periods of incapacitated entities   (1)   If an entity becomes an * incapacitated entity, the entity’s tax period at the time is taken to have ended at the end of the day before the entity became incapacitated.   (2)   If a tax period (the first tax period ) ends on a particular day because of subsection   (1), the next tax period starts on the day after that day and ends when the first tax period would have ended but for that subsection. 27 ‑ 40   An entity’s concluding tax period   (1)   If:   (a)   an individual dies; or   (b)   another entity for any reason ceases to exist; the individual’s or entity’s tax period at the time is taken to have ceased at the end of the day before the death or cessation.   (1A)   If an entity ceases to * carry on any * enterprise, the entity’s tax period at the time is taken to have ceased at the end of the day on which the cessation occurred.   (2)   If an entity’s * registration is cancelled, the entity’s tax period at the date of effect of the cancellation (the cancellation day ) ceases at the end of the cancellation day. 27 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to tax periods     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to tax periods, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1AAA Annual tax periods Division   151 1 Changes in the extent of creditable purpose Division   129 1AA GST groups Division   48 1AB Limited registration entities Division   146 1AC Payment of GST by instalments Division   162 1A Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 2 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 Division   29 — What is attributable to tax periods Table of Subdivisions 29 ‑ A   The attribution rules 29 ‑ B   Accounting on a cash basis 29 ‑ C   Tax invoices and adjustment notes 29 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division tells you the tax periods to which your taxable supplies, creditable acquisitions, creditable importations and adjustments are attributable. You need to know this to work out your net amounts under Part   2 ‑ 4. Note:   This Division does not deal with your taxable importations, because they are not attributed to tax periods. See section   33 ‑ 15 for payment of assessed GST on taxable importations. Subdivision   29 ‑ A — The attribution rules 29 ‑ 5   Attributing the GST on your taxable supplies   (1)   The GST payable by you on a * taxable supply is attributable to:   (a)   the tax period in which any of the * consideration is received for the supply; or   (b)   if, before any of the consideration is received, an * invoice is issued relating to the supply—the tax period in which the invoice is issued.   (2)   However, if you * account on a cash basis, then:   (a)   if, in a tax period, all of the * consideration is received for a * taxable supply—GST on the supply is attributable to that tax period; or   (b)   if, in a tax period, part of the consideration is received—GST on the supply is attributable to that tax period, but only to the extent that the consideration is received in that tax period; or   (c)   if, in a tax period, none of the consideration is received—none of the GST on the supply is attributable to that tax period. 29 ‑ 10   Attributing the input tax credits for your creditable acquisitions   (1)   The input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition is attributable to:   (a)   the tax period in which you provide any of the * consideration for the acquisition; or   (b)   if, before you provide any of the consideration, an * invoice is issued relating to the acquisition—the tax period in which the invoice is issued.   (2)   However, if you * account on a cash basis, then:   (a)   if, in a tax period, you provide all of the * consideration for a * creditable acquisition—the input tax credit for the acquisition is attributable to that tax period; or   (b)   if, in a tax period, you provide part of the consideration—the input tax credit for the acquisition is attributable to that tax period, but only to the extent that you provided the consideration in that tax period; or   (c)   if, in a tax period, none of the consideration is provided—none of the input tax credit for the acquisition is attributable to that tax period.   (3)   If you do not hold a * tax invoice for a * creditable acquisition when you give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period to which the input tax credit (or any part of the input tax credit) on the acquisition would otherwise be attributable:   (a)   the input tax credit (including any part of the input tax credit) is not attributable to that tax period; and   (b)   the input tax credit (or part) is attributable to the first tax period (if any) for which you give to the Commissioner a GST return at a time when you hold that tax invoice. However, this subsection does not apply in circumstances of a kind determined in writing by the Commissioner to be circumstances in which the requirement for a tax invoice does not apply. For the giving of GST returns to the Commissioner, see Division   31. Input tax credits not taken into account in assessments   (4)   Subsections   (5) and (6) apply to the input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition to the extent that:   (a)   the input tax credit would otherwise be attributable to a particular tax period; and   (b)   the input tax credit has not been taken into account in an * assessment of a * net amount of yours for that tax period. Note:   The input tax credit would not otherwise be attributable to a particular tax period if you do not hold a tax invoice for the creditable acquisition when you give to the Commissioner a GST return for the tax period: see paragraph   (3)(a).   (5)   To the extent this subsection applies to the input tax credit, you may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, elect for:   (a)   the input tax credit not to be attributable to that tax period; and   (b)   the input tax credit to be attributable to a later specified tax period. Note:   Division   93 may provide a time limit on your entitlement to an input tax credit.   (6)   You cannot revoke or amend an election you make under subsection   (5). 29 ‑ 15   Attributing the input tax credits for your creditable importations   (1)   The input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable importation is attributable to the tax period in which you pay the * assessed GST on the importation.   (2)   However, if paragraph   33 ‑ 15(1)(b) applies to payment of the * assessed GST on the importation, the input tax credit is attributable to the tax period in which the liability for the GST arose. 29 ‑ 20   Attributing your adjustments   (1)   An * adjustment that you have is attributable to the tax period in which you become aware of the adjustment.   (2)   However, if you * account on a cash basis, and the * adjustment arises from an * adjustment event as a result of which you are liable to provide * consideration, then:   (a)   if, in a tax period, all of the consideration is provided—the * adjustment is attributable to that tax period; or   (b)   if, in a tax period, part of the consideration is provided—the adjustment is attributable to that tax period, but only to the extent that the consideration is provided in that tax period; or   (c)   if, in a tax period, none of the consideration is provided—none of the adjustment is attributable to that tax period.   (3)   If:   (a)   you have a * decreasing adjustment arising from an * adjustment event; and   (b)   you do not hold an * adjustment note for the adjustment when you give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period to which the adjustment (or any part of the adjustment) would otherwise be attributable; then:   (c)   the adjustment (including any part of the adjustment) is not attributable to that tax period; and   (d)   the adjustment (or part) is attributable to the first tax period for which you give to the Commissioner a GST return at a time when you hold that adjustment note. However, this subsection does not apply in circumstances of a kind determined in writing by the Commissioner to be circumstances in which the requirement for an adjustment note does not apply. For the giving of GST returns to the Commissioner, see Division   31. 29 ‑ 25   Commissioner may determine particular attribution rules   (1)   The Commissioner may, in writing, determine the tax periods to which:   (a)   GST on * taxable supplies of a specified kind; or   (b)   input tax credits for * creditable acquisitions of a specified kind; or   (c)   input tax credits for * creditable importations of a specified kind; or   (d)   * adjustments of a specified kind; are attributable.   (2)   However, the Commissioner must not make a determination under this section unless satisfied that it is necessary to prevent the provisions of this Division and Chapter   4 applying in a way that is inappropriate in circumstances involving:   (a)   a supply or acquisition in which possession of goods passes, but title in the goods will, or may, pass at some time in the future; or   (b)   a supply or acquisition for which payment is made or an * invoice is issued, but use, enjoyment or passing of title will, or may, occur at some time in the future; or   (c)   a supply or acquisition occurring, but still being subject to a statutory cooling off period under an * Australian law; or   (d)   a supply or acquisition occurring before the supplier or * recipient knows it has occurred; or   (e)   a supply or acquisition occurring before the supplier or recipient knows the total * consideration; or   (f)   a supply or acquisition made under a contract that is subject to preconditions; or   (g)   a supply or acquisition made under a contract that provides for retention of some or all of the consideration until certain conditions are met; or   (h)   a supply or acquisition for which the GST treatment will be unknown until a later supply is made.   (3)   Determinations under subsection   (1) override the provisions of this Division (except this section) and Chapter   4, but only to the extent of any inconsistency. 29 ‑ 39   Special rules relating to attribution rules     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to attribution rules, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1 Agents and insurance brokers Division   153 2 Associates Division   72 3 Cancelled lay ‑ by sales Division   102 4 Cessation of registration Division   138 5 Changes in the extent of creditable purpose Division   129 6 Changing your accounting basis Division   159 7 Company amalgamations Division   90 8 Deposits as security Division   99 8A Distributions from deceased estates Division   139 8AA Hire purchase agreements Division   158 8B Non ‑ deductible expenses Division   69 9 Pre ‑ establishment costs Division   60 10 Reimbursement of employees etc. Division   111 11 Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 11A Second ‑ hand goods Division   66 12 Supplies and acquisitions made on a progressive or periodic basis Division   156 13 Supplies of things acquired etc. without full input tax credits Division   132 13A Third party payments Division   134 14 Tradex scheme goods Division   141 Subdivision   29 ‑ B — Accounting on a cash basis 29 ‑ 40   Choosing to account on a cash basis   (1)   You may choose to * account on a cash basis, with effect from the first day of the tax period that you choose, if:   (a)   you are a * small business entity (other than because of subsection   328 ‑ 110(4) of the * ITAA 1997) for the * income year in which you make your choice; or   (ab)   you do not carry on a * business and your * GST turnover does not exceed the * cash accounting turnover threshold; or   (b)   for income tax purposes, you account for your income using the receipts method; or   (c)   each of the * enterprises that you * carry on is an enterprise of a kind that the Commissioner determines, in writing, to be a kind of enterprise in respect of which a choice to * account on a cash basis may be made under this section.   (3)   The cash accounting turnover threshold is:   (a)   $2 million; or   (b)   such higher amount as the regulations specify. 29 ‑ 45   Permission to account on a cash basis   (1)   The Commissioner may permit you to * account on a cash basis if:   (a)   you apply to the Commissioner in the * approved form for permission to account on a cash basis; and   (b)   the Commissioner is satisfied that, having regard to:   (i)   the nature and size of the * enterprise that you * carry on; and   (ii)   the nature of the accounting system that you use;     it is appropriate to permit you to account on a cash basis. Note:   Refusing to permit you to account on a cash basis is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner must notify you in writing of any decision he or she makes in relation to you under this section. If the Commissioner decides to permit you to * account on a cash basis, the notice must specify the date of effect of your permission. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of your permission to account on a cash basis is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 29 ‑ 50   Ceasing to account on a cash basis   (1)   You cease to * account on a cash basis if:   (a)   in a case to which paragraph   29 ‑ 40(1)(a) applied—you are not a * small business entity of the kind referred to in that paragraph for an * income year and you do not have permission to * account on a cash basis; or   (ab)   in a case to which paragraph   29 ‑ 40(1)(ab) applied—you do not satisfy the requirements of that paragraph and you do not have permission to account on a cash basis; or   (b)   you notify the Commissioner, in the * approved form, that you are ceasing to * account on a cash basis.   (2)   The date of effect of your cessation is the first day of the next tax period to commence after:   (a)   if paragraph   (1)(a) applies—the start of the * income year referred to in that paragraph; or   (b)   if paragraph   (1)(ab) applies—you do not satisfy the requirements of paragraph   29 ‑ 40(1)(ab); or   (c)   if paragraph   (1)(b) applies—you notify the Commissioner.   (3)   The Commissioner must revoke any permission for you to * account on a cash basis if the Commissioner is satisfied that:   (a)   either:   (i)   you carry on a * business but you are not a * small business entity (other than because of subsection   328 ‑ 110(4) of the * ITAA 1997) for an * income year; or   (ii)   you do not carry on a business and your * GST turnover meets the * cash accounting turnover threshold; and   (b)   it is not appropriate to permit you to account on a cash basis. Note:   Revoking your permission to account on a cash basis is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (4)   The Commissioner must notify you in writing of his or her decision under subsection   (3). The notice must specify the date of effect of the revocation, which can be the first day of any tax period starting before, on or after the day on which the Commissioner makes the decision. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of the revocation of your permission to account on a cash basis is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 29 ‑ 69   Special rules relating to accounting on a cash basis     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to accounting on a cash basis, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1 Accounting basis of charities etc. Division   157 2 Hire purchase agreements Division   158 Subdivision   29 ‑ C — Tax invoices and adjustment notes 29 ‑ 70   Tax invoices   (1)   A tax invoice is a document that complies with the following requirements:   (a)   it is issued by the supplier of the supply or supplies to which the document relates, unless it is a * recipient created tax invoice (in which case it is issued by the * recipient);   (b)   it is in the * approved form;   (c)   it contains enough information to enable the following to be clearly ascertained:   (i)   the supplier’s identity and the supplier’s * ABN;   (ii)   if the total * price of the supply or supplies is at least $1,000 or such higher amount as the regulations specify, or if the document was issued by the recipient—the recipient’s identity or the recipient’s ABN;   (iii)   what is supplied, including the quantity (if applicable) and the price of what is supplied;   (iv)   the extent to which each supply to which the document relates is a * taxable supply;   (v)   the date the document is issued;   (vi)   the amount of GST (if any) payable in relation to each supply to which the document relates;   (vii)   if the document was issued by the recipient and GST is payable in relation to any supply—that the GST is payable by the supplier;   (viii)   such other matters as the regulations specify;   (d)   it can be clearly ascertained from the document that the document was intended to be a tax invoice or, if it was issued by the recipient, a recipient created tax invoice. Note:   If the recipient is a member of a GST group, section   48 ‑ 57 may relax the requirements relating to the recipient’s identity or the recipient’s ABN.   (1A)   A document issued by an entity to another entity may be treated by the other entity as a * tax invoice for the purposes of this Act if:   (a)   it would comply with the requirements for a tax invoice but for the fact that it does not contain certain information; and   (b)   all of that information can be clearly ascertained from other documents given by the entity to the other entity. Note:   The requirements for a tax invoices are primarily contained in subsection   (1), but can be affected by sections   48 ‑ 57 and 54 ‑ 50.   (1B)   However, the Commissioner may treat as a * tax invoice a particular document that would not, apart from this subsection, be a tax invoice.   (2)   The supplier of a * taxable supply must, within 28 days after the * recipient of the supply requests it, give to the recipient a * tax invoice for the supply, unless it is a * recipient created tax invoice.   (3)   A recipient created tax invoice is a * tax invoice belonging to a class of tax invoices that the Commissioner has determined in writing may be issued by the * recipient of a * taxable supply. 29 ‑ 75   Adjustment notes   (1)   An adjustment note for an * adjustment that arises from an * adjustment event relating to a * taxable supply:   (a)   must be issued by the supplier of the * taxable supply in the circumstances set out in subsection   (2); and   (b)   must set out the * ABN of the entity that issues it; and   (c)   must contain such other information as the Commissioner determines in writing; and   (d)   must be in the * approved form. However, the Commissioner may treat as an adjustment note a particular document that is not an adjustment note.   (2)   The supplier of the * taxable supply must:   (a)   within 28 days after the * recipient of the supply requests the supplier to give an * adjustment note for the * adjustment relating to the supply; or   (b)   if the supplier has issued a * tax invoice in relation to the supply (or the recipient has requested one) and the supplier becomes aware of the adjustment before an adjustment note is requested—within 28 days after becoming aware of that fact; give to the recipient an * adjustment note for the * adjustment, unless any * tax invoice relating to the supply would have been a * recipient created tax invoice (in which case it must be issued by the recipient).   (3)   However, in circumstances that the Commissioner determines in writing, paragraph   (2)(b) has effect as if the number of days referred to in that paragraph is the number of days specified in the determination in relation to those circumstances.   (4)   Those circumstances may, for example, include the kind of the * taxable supply. 29 ‑ 80   Tax invoices and adjustment notes not required for low value transactions   (1)   Subsections   29 ‑ 10(3) and 29 ‑ 70(2) do not apply to a * creditable acquisition that relates to a * taxable supply the * value of which does not exceed $50, or such higher amount as the regulations specify.   (2)   Subsections   29 ‑ 20(3) and 29 ‑ 75(2) do not apply to a * decreasing adjustment of an amount that does not exceed $50, or such higher amount as the regulations specify. 29 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to tax invoices and adjustment notes     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to tax invoices and adjustment notes, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case ... See: 1 Agents and insurance brokers Division   153 1A Annual apportionment of creditable purpose Division   131 2 Gambling Division   126 3 GST branches Division   54 3A GST groups Division   48 4 Non ‑ residents making supplies connected with the indirect tax zone Division   83 4A Offshore supplies Division   84 5 Sale of freehold interests etc. Division   75 Part   2 ‑ 7 — Returns, payments and refunds Division   31 — GST returns 31 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division is about your obligation (if you are registered or required to be registered) to give to the Commissioner GST returns for each tax period. For the penalties for failing to comply with these obligations, see the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . 31 ‑ 5   Who must give GST returns   (1)   If you are * registered or * required to be registered, you must give to the Commissioner a * GST return for each tax period.   (2)   You must give the return whether or not:   (a)   your * net amount for the tax period is zero; or   (b)   you are liable for the GST on any * taxable supplies that are attributable to the tax period. 31 ‑ 8   When GST returns must be given—quarterly tax periods   (1)   If a tax period applying to you is a * quarterly tax period, you must give your * GST return for the tax period to the Commissioner:   (a)   as provided in the following table; or   (b)   within such further period as the Commissioner allows.   When quarterly GST returns must be given Item If this day falls within the quarterly tax period … Give the GST return to the Commissioner on or before this day: 1 1   September the following 28   October 2 1   December the following 28   February 3 1   March the following 28   April 4 1   June the following 28   July   (2)   A tax period is a quarterly tax period if:   (a)   it is a period of 3 months; or   (b)   it would be a period of 3 months but for the application of section   27 ‑ 30 or 27 ‑ 35. Note:   Under section   27 ‑ 30, a tax period can be determined to take account of changes in tax periods. Under section   27 ‑ 35, the start or finish of a 3 month tax period can vary by up to 7 days from the start or finish of a normal quarter. 31 ‑ 10   When GST returns must be given—other tax periods   (1)   You must give your * GST return for a tax period (other than a * quarterly tax period) to the Commissioner:   (a)   on or before the 21st day of the month following the end of that tax period; or   (b)   within such further period as the Commissioner allows.   (2)   However, if the tax period ends during the first 7 days of a month, you must give the * GST return to the Commissioner:   (a)   on or before the 21st day of that month; or   (b)   within such further period as the Commissioner allows. 31 ‑ 15   The form and contents of GST returns   (1)   Your * GST return for a tax period must be in the * approved form.   (2)   However, if during the tax period:   (a)   you are not liable for the GST on any * taxable supplies, and you did not make any supplies that would have been taxable supplies had they not been * GST ‑ free or * input taxed; and   (b)   you are not liable for the GST on any * taxable importations the GST on which is payable at the time when GST on taxable supplies is normally payable; and   (c)   you are not entitled to the input tax credits on any * creditable acquisitions or * creditable importations; you may give your * GST return for the period to the Commissioner in the manner the Commissioner requires. 31 ‑ 20   Additional GST returns   (1)   You must, if required by the Commissioner, whether before or after the end of a tax period, give to the Commissioner, within the time required, a * GST return or a further or fuller GST return for the tax period or a specified period, whether or not you have given the Commissioner a GST return for the tax period under section   31 ‑ 5.   (2)   The * approved form for a further or fuller * GST return may require information to be provided relating to:   (a)   the tax period to which the return relates; or   (b)   one or more preceding tax periods; or   (c)   both the tax period to which the return relates, and one or more preceding tax periods. 31 ‑ 25   Electronic lodgment of GST returns   (1)   You may give your * GST returns to the Commissioner by * lodging them electronically. Note:   Section   388 ‑ 75 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 deals with signing returns.   (2)   However, if your * GST turnover meets the * electronic lodgment turnover threshold, you must give your * GST returns to the Commissioner by * lodging them electronically, unless the Commissioner otherwise approves. Note 1:   A penalty applies if you fail to lodge your GST return electronically as required—see section   288 ‑ 10 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . Note 2:   If you lodge your GST return electronically, you must also electronically notify the Commissioner of other BAS amounts—see section   388 ‑ 80 in that Schedule.   (3)   A * GST return is lodged electronically if it is transmitted to the Commissioner in an electronic format approved by the Commissioner.   (4)   The electronic lodgment turnover threshold is:   (a)   $20 million; or   (b)   such higher amount as the regulations specify. 31 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to GST returns     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to * GST returns, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case … See: 1A Annual tax periods Division   151 1 GST branches Division   54 2 GST groups Division   48 3 GST joint ventures Division   51 4 Insurance Division   78 4A Payment of GST by instalments Division   162 4B Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 5 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 6 Supplies in satisfaction of debts Division   105 Division   33 — Payments of GST 33 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division is about your obligation to pay to the Commonwealth amounts of GST that remain after off ‑ setting your entitlements to input tax credits. The obligation to pay arises for any of your assessed net amounts that are greater than zero. Note 1A:   For provisions about assessment (including self ‑ assessment), see Division   155 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . Note 1:   For the penalties for failing to comply with these obligations, see the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . Note 2:   For provisions about collection and recovery of GST, see Subdivision   105 ‑ C, and Part   4 ‑ 15, in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . Note 3:   Payments of GST on importations of goods are dealt with separately in section   33 ‑ 15 of this Act. Note 4:   For taxable supplies of new residential premises or potential residential land, section   14 ‑ 250 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 may require the recipient to pay to the Commissioner an amount representing the GST on the supply, and the entity liable for the GST on the supply is then entitled to a credit for that payment under section   18 ‑ 60 in that Schedule. 33 ‑ 3   When payments of assessed net amounts must be made—quarterly tax periods     If:   (a)   the * assessed net amount for a tax period applying to you is greater than zero; and   (b)   the tax period is a * quarterly tax period; you must pay the assessed net amount to the Commissioner as follows:   When quarterly GST payments must be made Item If this day falls within the quarterly tax period … Pay the assessed net amount to the Commissioner on or before this day: 1 1   September the following 28   October 2 1   December the following 28   February 3 1   March the following 28   April 4 1   June the following 28   July 33 ‑ 5   When payments of assessed net amounts must be made—other tax periods   (1)   If the * assessed net amount for a tax period (other than a * quarterly tax period) applying to you is greater than zero, you must pay the assessed net amount to the Commissioner on or before the 21st day of the month following the end of that tax period.   (2)   However, if the tax period ends during the first 7 days of a month, you must pay the * assessed net amount to the Commissioner on or before the 21st day of that month. 33 ‑ 10   How payment of assessed net amounts are made   (1)   You may pay by * electronic payment any * assessed net amounts payable by you. Any amounts of an assessed net amount that you do not pay by electronic payment must be paid in the manner determined in writing by the Commissioner.   (2)   However, if your * GST turnover meets the * electronic lodgment turnover threshold, you must pay by * electronic payment any * assessed net amounts payable by you. Note 1:   A penalty applies if you fail to pay electronically as required—see section   288 ‑ 20 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . Note 2:   You must also pay other tax debts electronically—see section   8AAZMA in that Act. 33 ‑ 15   Payments of assessed GST on importations   (1)   Amounts of * assessed GST on * taxable importations are to be paid by the importer to the Commonwealth:   (a)   at the same time, at the same place, and in the same manner, as * customs duty is payable on the goods in question (or would be payable if the goods were subject to customs duty); or   (b)   in the circumstances specified in the regulations, within such further time specified in the regulations, and at the place and in the manner specified in the regulations. Note:   The regulations could (for example) allow for deferral of payments to coincide with payments of assessed net amounts.   (2)   An officer of Customs (within the meaning of subsection   4(1) of the Customs Act 1901 ) may refuse to deliver the goods concerned unless the * assessed GST has been paid. 33 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to payments of GST     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to payments of GST, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case … See: 1A Annual tax periods Division   151 1 Anti ‑ avoidance Division   165 2 Customs security etc. given on taxable importations Division   171 3 GST branches Division   54 4 GST joint ventures Division   51 4A Importations without entry for home consumption Division   114 5 Insurance Division   78 5A Payment of GST by instalments Division   162 6 Supplies in satisfaction of debts Division   105 Division   35 — Refunds 35 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division is about the Commissioner’s obligation to pay to you your entitlements to input tax credits that remain after off ‑ setting amounts of GST. The obligation to pay arises for any of your assessed net amounts that are less than zero. 35 ‑ 5   Entitlement to refund   (1)   If the * assessed net amount for a tax period is less than zero, the Commissioner must, on behalf of the Commonwealth, pay that amount (expressed as a positive amount) to you. Note 1:   See Division   3A of Part   IIB of the Taxation Administration Act 1953 for the rules about how the Commissioner must pay you. Division   3 of Part   IIB allows the Commissioner to apply the amount owing as a credit against tax debts that you owe to the Commonwealth. Note 2:   Interest is payable under the Taxation (Interest on Overpayments and Early Payments) Act 1983 if the Commissioner is late in refunding the amount.   (2)   However, if:   (a)   the Commissioner amends the * assessment of your * net amount; and   (b)   your * assessed net amount before the amendment was less than zero; and   (c)   the amount that, because of the assessment, was:   (i)   paid; or   (ii)   applied under the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ;     exceeded the amount (including a nil amount) that would have been payable or applicable had your assessed net amount always been the later assessed net amount; the amount of the excess is to be treated as if:   (d)   the excess were an assessed net amount for the tax period; and   (e)   that assessed net amount were an amount greater than zero and equal to the amount of the excess; and   (f)   despite Division   33, that assessed net amount became payable, and due for payment, by you at the time when the amount was paid or applied. Note:   Treating the excess as if it were an assessed net amount has the effect of applying the collection and recovery rules in Part   3 ‑ 10 and Divisions   268 and 269 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 , such as a liability to pay the general interest charge under section   105 ‑ 80 in that Schedule. 35 ‑ 10   When entitlement arises     Your entitlement to be paid an amount under section   35 ‑ 5 arises when the Commissioner gives you notice of the * assessment of your * net amount for the tax period. Note:   In certain circumstances, the Commissioner is treated as having given you notice of the assessment when you give to the Commissioner your GST return (see section   155 ‑ 15 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 35 ‑ 99   Special rules relating to refunds     Chapter   4 contains special rules relating to refunds, as follows:   Checklist of special rules Item For this case … See: 1 Anti ‑ avoidance Division   165 1A Excess GST Division   142 2 GST branches Division   54 3 GST joint ventures Division   51 4 Tourist refund scheme Division   168 Part   2 ‑ 8 — Checklist of special rules Division   37 — Checklist of special rules 37 ‑ 1   Checklist of special rules     The provisions set out in the table contain special rules relating to the matters indicated.   Checklist of special rules Item For this case… See: 1AA Accounting basis of charities etc. Division   157 1 Agents and insurance brokers Division   153 1A Annual apportionment of creditable purpose Division   131 1B Annual tax periods Division   151 2 Anti ‑ avoidance Division   165 3 Associates Division   72 3A Bad debts relating to transactions that are not taxable or creditable to the fullest extent Division   136 4 Cancelled lay ‑ by sales Division   102 5 Cessation of registration Division   138 6 Changes in the extent of creditable purpose Division   129 7 Changing your accounting basis Division   159 8 Company amalgamations Division   90 8A Compulsory third party schemes Division   79 9 Customs security etc. given for taxable importations Division   171 10 Deposits as security Division   99 10A Distributions from deceased estates Division   139 10B Excess GST Division   142 11 Financial supplies (reduced credit acquisitions) Division   70 11A Fringe benefits provided by input taxed suppliers Division   71 12 Gambling Division   126 12A Goods applied solely to private or domestic use Division   130 12B Government entities Division   149 13 GST branches Division   54 14 GST groups Division   48 15 GST joint ventures Division   51 15A GST religious groups Division   49 17 Importations without entry for home consumption Division   114 18 Insurance Division   78 18A Limited registration entities Division   146 19 Long ‑ term accommodation in commercial residential premises Division   87 20 Non ‑ deductible expenses Division   69 20A Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities Division   63 20B Non ‑ residents making supplies connected with the indirect tax zone Division   83 21 Offshore supplies Division   84 21A Payment of GST by instalments Division   162 22 Payments of taxes Division   81 23 Pre ‑ establishment costs Division   60 23A Providing additional consideration under gross ‑ up clauses Division   133 24 Reimbursement of employees etc. Division   111 25 Representatives of incapacitated entities Division   58 26 Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents Division   57 28 Sale of freehold interests etc. Division   75 29 Second ‑ hand goods Division   66 29AA Settlement sharing arrangements Division   80 29A Simplified accounting methods for retailers and small enterprise entities Division   123 29B Stock on hand on becoming registered etc. Division   137 30 Supplies and acquisitions made on a progressive or periodic basis Division   156 30A Supplies in return for rights to develop land Division   82 31 Supplies in satisfaction of debts Division   105 32 Supplies of going concerns Division   135 33 Supplies of things acquired etc. without full input tax credits Division   132 33A Supply under arrangement covered by PAYG voluntary agreement Division   113 34 Supplies partly connected with the indirect tax zone Division   96 35 Taxis Division   144 35AA Tax ‑ related transactions Division   110 35A Telecommunication supplies Division   85 35B Third party payments Division   134 35C Time limit on entitlements to input tax credits Division   93 36 Tourist refund scheme Division   168 36A Tradex scheme goods Division   141 36AA Valuable metals Division   86 36B Valuation of re ‑ imported goods Division   117 37 Valuation of taxable supplies of goods in bond Division   108 38 Vouchers Division   100 Chapter   3 — The exemptions Part   3 ‑ 1 — Supplies that are not taxable supplies Division   38 — GST ‑ free supplies Table of Subdivisions 38 ‑ A   Food 38 ‑ B   Health 38 ‑ C   Education 38 ‑ D   Child care 38 ‑ E   Exports and other cross ‑ border supplies 38 ‑ F   Religious services 38 ‑ G   Activities of charities etc. 38 ‑ I   Water, sewerage and drainage 38 ‑ J   Supplies of going concerns 38 ‑ K   Transport and related matters 38 ‑ L   Precious metals 38 ‑ M   Supplies through inwards duty free shops 38 ‑ N   Grants of land by governments 38 ‑ O   Farm land 38 ‑ P   Cars for use by disabled people 38 ‑ Q   International Mail 38 ‑ R   Telecommunication supplies made under arrangements for global roaming in Australia 38 ‑ S   Eligible emissions units 38 ‑ T   Inbound intangible consumer supplies 38 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division sets out the supplies that are GST ‑ free. If a supply is GST ‑ free, then: •   no GST is payable on the supply; •   an entitlement to an input tax credit for anything acquired or imported to make the supply is not affected. For the basic rules about supplies that are GST ‑ free, see sections   9 ‑ 30 and 9 ‑ 80. Subdivision   38 ‑ A — Food 38 ‑ 2   Food     A supply of * food is GST ‑ free . 38 ‑ 3   Food that is not GST ‑ free   (1)   A supply is not GST ‑ free under section   38 ‑ 2 if it is a supply of:   (a)   * food for consumption on the * premises from which it is supplied; or   (b)   hot food for consumption away from those premises; or   (c)   food of a kind specified in the third column of the table in clause   1 of Schedule   1, or food that is a combination of one or more foods at least one of which is food of such a kind; or   (d)   a * beverage (or an ingredient for a beverage), other than a beverage (or ingredient) of a kind specified in the third column of the table in clause   1 of Schedule   2; or   (e)   food of a kind specified in regulations made for the purposes of this subsection.   (2)   However, this section does not apply to a supply of * food of a kind specified in regulations made for the purposes of this subsection.   (3)   The items in the table in clause   1 of Schedule   1 or 2 are to be interpreted subject to the other clauses of Schedule   1 or 2, as the case requires. 38 ‑ 4   Meaning of food   (1)   Food means any of these, or any combination of any of these:   (a)   food for human consumption (whether or not requiring processing or treatment);   (b)   ingredients for food for human consumption;   (c)   * beverages for human consumption;   (d)   ingredients for beverages for human consumption;   (e)   goods to be mixed with or added to food for human consumption (including condiments, spices, seasonings, sweetening agents or flavourings);   (f)   fats and oils marketed for culinary purposes; but does not include:   (g)   live animals (other than crustaceans or molluscs); or   (ga)   unprocessed cow’s milk; or   (h)   any grain, cereal or sugar cane that has not been subject to any process or treatment resulting in an alteration of its form, nature or condition; or   (i)   plants under cultivation that can be consumed (without being subject to further process or treatment) as food for human consumption.   (2)   Beverage includes water. 38 ‑ 5   Premises used in supplying food     Premises , in relation to a supply of * food, includes:   (a)   the place where the supply takes place; or   (b)   the grounds surrounding a cafe or public house, or other outlet for the supply; or   (c)   the whole of any enclosed space such as a football ground, garden, showground, amusement park or similar area where there is a clear boundary or limit; but does not include any part of a public thoroughfare unless it is an area designated for use in connection with supplies of food from an outlet for the supply of food. 38 ‑ 6   Packaging of food   (1)   A supply of the packaging in which * food is supplied is GST ‑ free if the supply of the food is GST ‑ free.   (2)   However, the supply of the packaging is GST ‑ free under this section only to the extent that the packaging:   (a)   is necessary for the supply of the food; and   (b)   is packaging of a kind in which food of that kind is normally supplied. Subdivision   38 ‑ B — Health 38 ‑ 7   Medical services   (1)   A supply of a * medical service is GST ‑ free .   (2)   However, a supply of a * medical service is not GST ‑ free under subsection   (1) if:   (a)   it is a supply of a * professional service rendered in circumstances covered by a prescribed provision of regulations made under the Health Insurance Act 1973 ; or   (b)   it is rendered for cosmetic reasons and is not a * professional service for which medicare benefit is payable under Part   II of the Health Insurance Act 1973 (or for which medicare benefit would be payable under that Part   if section   19AD of that Act were disregarded).   (3)   A supply of goods is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is made to an individual in the course of supplying to him or her a * medical service the supply of which is GST ‑ free; and   (b)   it is made at the premises at which the medical service is supplied. 38 ‑ 10   Other health services   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is a service of a kind specified in the table in this subsection, or of a kind specified in the regulations; and   (b)   the supplier is a * recognised professional in relation to the supply of services of that kind; and   (c)   the supply would generally be accepted, in the profession associated with supplying services of that kind, as being necessary for the appropriate treatment of the * recipient of the supply.   Health services Item Service 1 Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander health 2 Acupuncture 3 Audiology, audiometry 4 Chiropody 5 Chiropractic 6 Dental 7 Dietary 8 Herbal medicine (including traditional Chinese herbal medicine) 9 Naturopathy 10 Nursing 11 Occupational therapy 12 Optometry 13 Osteopathy 14 Paramedical 15 Pharmacy 16 Psychology 17 Physiotherapy 18 Podiatry 19 Speech pathology 20 Speech therapy 21 Social work   (2)   However, a supply of a pharmacy service is not GST ‑ free under subsection   (1) unless it is:   (a)   a supply relating to a supply that is GST ‑ free because of section   38 ‑ 50; or   (b)   a service of conducting a medication review.   (3)   A supply of goods is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is made to a person in the course of supplying to the person a service the supply of which is GST ‑ free under subsection   (1) (other than a service referred to in item   8, 9, 12 or 15 of the table in subsection   (1)); and   (b)   it is made at the premises at which the service is supplied.   (4)   A supply of goods is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is made to a person in the course of supplying to the person a service referred to in item   8 or 9 of the table in subsection   (1); and   (b)   it is supplied, and used or consumed, at the premises at which the service is supplied.   (5)   A supply is GST ‑ free if it is provided by an ambulance service in the course of the treatment of the * recipient of the supply. 38 ‑ 15   Other government funded health services     A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is a supply of a health service in connection with a supply that is GST ‑ free because of section   38 ‑ 7 or 38 ‑ 10; and   (b)   the supplier receives funding from the Commonwealth , a State or a Territory in connection with the supply of the health service; and   (c)   the supply of the health service is of a kind determined in writing by the * Health Minister. 38 ‑ 20   Hospital treatment   (1)   A supply of * hospital treatment is GST ‑ free .   (2)   However, a supply of * hospital treatment is not GST ‑ free to the extent that it relates to a supply of a * professional service that, because of subsection   38 ‑ 7(2), is not GST ‑ free.   (3)   A supply of goods is GST ‑ free if it is a supply that is directly related to a supply of * hospital treatment that is:   (a)   GST ‑ free because of subsection   (1); and   (b)   supplied by, or on behalf of, the supplier of the hospital treatment. 38 ‑ 25   Residential care etc.   (1)   A supply of services is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is a supply of services covered by a provision of the * aged care service list specified in regulations made for the purposes of this paragraph; and   (b)   it is provided at an * approved residential care home; and   (c)   the supplier is a registered provider (within the meaning of the Aged Care Act 2024 ).   (2)   A supply of services is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the services are provided to one or more aged or disabled people; and   (b)   the * Aged Care Minister has determined in writing that the services are of a kind covered by a provision of the * aged care service list specified in regulations made for the purposes of this paragraph; and   (c)   the supplier receives funding from the Commonwealth , a State or a Territory in connection with the supply.   (3)   A supply of services is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the services are provided to one or more aged or disabled people in a residential setting; and   (b)   the * Aged Care Minister has determined in writing that the services are of a kind covered by a provision of the * aged care service list specified in regulations made for the purposes of this paragraph; and   (c)   the services include, and are only provided to people who require, the services ( care services ) set out in a provision of the * aged care service list specified in regulations made for the purposes of this paragraph.   (3A)   Services provided to a resident of a * retirement village are taken, for the purposes of paragraph   (3)(a), to be provided in a residential setting if, and only if:   (a)   he or she is a resident of a * serviced apartment in the retirement village; and   (b)   there is in force a written agreement under which the operator of the retirement village provides daily meals and heavy laundry services to all of the residents of the apartment.   (3B)   However, services provided to a resident of a * serviced apartment in a * retirement village are not taken, for the purposes of paragraph   (3)(a), to be provided in a residential setting if:   (a)   the * Aged Care Minister has determined in writing:   (i)   the levels of care services that residents of serviced apartments in retirement villages must require in order for subsection   (3) to apply; and   (ii)   the way in which the levels of care services required by residents are to be assessed; and   (b)   the * Aged Care System Governor has not, in accordance with the determination, assessed the person to whom the services are provided as requiring the levels of care services so determined.   (3C)   A determination made for the purposes of paragraph   (3B)(a) may be restricted to a specified class of residents of * serviced apartments in * retirement villages.   (4)   A supply of accommodation is GST ‑ free if it is made to a person in the course of making a supply to that person that is GST ‑ free under subsection   (1), (2) or (3).   (4A)   A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is made to a person who is a person of a kind referred to in paragraph   (3)(c); and   (b)   it is:   (i)   a supply, by way of lease, hire or licence, of * residential premises consisting of a * serviced apartment in a * retirement village; or   (ii)   a sale of * real property that is residential premises consisting of a serviced apartment in a retirement village; or   (iii)   a supply of an excluded security (within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 ) in respect of which the right to participate in a retirement village scheme (within the meaning of that Act) entitles the person to use or occupy a serviced apartment in a retirement village; and   (c)   in a case where:   (i)   a determination made for the purposes of paragraph   (3B)(a) is in force; and   (ii)   the determination is not restricted under subsection   (3C) in such a way that the determination excludes the person;     the * Aged Care System Governor has, in accordance with the determination, assessed the person as requiring the levels of care services determined in the determination; and   (d)   it is made in connection with one or more supplies, or proposed supplies, to the person that are or will be GST ‑ free under subsection   (3).   (5)   However, a supply of services that is covered by an extra service fee (within the meaning of the Aged Care Rules   2025 ) is only GST ‑ free under this section to the extent that the services were:   (a)   supplied before 31   October 2026; and   (b)   covered by Schedule   1 to the Quality of Care Principles 2014 (as in force before the commencement of the Aged Care Act 2024 ) when the extra service agreement concerned was entered into. 38 ‑ 30   Home care etc.   (1)   A supply of care is GST ‑ free if subsidy is payable under Division   1, 2 or 3 of Part   2 of Chapter   4 of the Aged Care Act 2024 to the supplier for the care.   (2)   A supply of care is GST ‑ free if the supplier receives funding under the Home and Community Care Act 1985 in connection with the supply.   (3)   A supply of care is GST ‑ free if the supply is of services:   (a)   that are provided to one or more aged or disabled people; and   (b)   that are of a kind covered by a provision of the * aged care service list specified in regulations made for the purposes of this paragraph.   (4)   A supply of care is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supplier receives funding from the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory in connection with the supply; and   (b)   the supply of the care is of a kind determined in writing by the * Aged Care Minister for the purposes of this paragraph. 38 ‑ 35   Specialist aged care programs     A supply of a funded aged care service (within the meaning of the Aged Care Act 2024 ) is GST ‑ free if subsidy for a specialist aged care program is payable under Division   5 of Part   2 of Chapter   4 of that Act to the supplier for the care. 38 ‑ 38   Disability support provided to NDIS participants     A supply is GST ‑ free if the supply:   (a)   is a supply to a participant (within the meaning of the National Disability Insurance Scheme Act 2013 ) for whom a participant’s plan is in effect under section   37 of that Act; and   (b)   is a supply of one or more of the reasonable and necessary supports specified in the statement included, under subsection   33(2) of that Act, in the participant’s plan; and   (c)   is made under a written agreement, between the supplier and the participant or another person, that:   (i)   identifies the participant; and   (ii)   states that the supply is a supply of one or more of the reasonable and necessary supports specified in the statement included, under subsection   33(2) of that Act, in the participant’s plan; and   (d)   is of a kind that the * Disability Services Minister has determined in writing. 38 ‑ 40   Specialist disability services   (1)   A supply of services is GST ‑ free if the supplier receives funding under the former Disability Services Act 1986 or under a complementary * State law or * Territory law in respect of the services.   (2)   A supply of services is GST ‑ free if the supplier receives funding under the Disability Services and Inclusion Act 2023 or under a complementary * State law or * Territory law in respect of the services. 38 ‑ 45   Medical aids and appliances   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is covered by Schedule   3 (medical aids and appliances), or specified in the regulations; and   (b)   the thing supplied is specifically designed for people with an illness or disability, and is not widely used by people without an illness or disability.   (2)   A supply is GST ‑ free if the thing supplied is supplied as a spare part for, and is specifically designed as a spare part for, another thing the supply of which would be GST ‑ free under subsection   (1).   (3)   However, a supply is not GST ‑ free under subsection   (1) or (2) if the supplier and the * recipient have agreed that the supply, or supplies of a kind that include that supply, not be treated as GST ‑ free supplies. 38 ‑ 47   Other GST ‑ free health goods   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of goods of a kind that the * Health Minister, by determination in writing, declares to be goods the supply of which is GST ‑ free.   (2)   However, a supply is not GST ‑ free under subsection   (1) if the supplier and the * recipient have agreed that the supply, or supplies of a kind that include that supply, not be treated as GST ‑ free supplies. 38 ‑ 50   Drugs and medicinal preparations etc.   (1)   A supply of a drug or medicinal preparation is GST ‑ free if the supply is on prescription and:   (a)   under a * State law or a * Territory law in the State or Territory in which the supply takes place, supply of the drug or medicinal preparation is restricted, but may be supplied on prescription; or   (b)   the drug or medicinal preparation is a pharmaceutical benefit (within the meaning of Part   VII of the National Health Act 1953 ).   (2)   A supply of a drug or medicinal preparation is GST ‑ free if, under a * State law or a * Territory law in the State or Territory in which it is supplied, the supply of the drug or medicinal preparation to an individual for private or domestic use or consumption is restricted but may be made by:   (a)   a * medical practitioner, * dental practitioner or pharmacist; or   (b)   any other person permitted by or under that law to do so.   (3)   Subsection   (2) does not cover the supply of a drug or medicinal preparation of a kind specified in the regulations.   (4)   A supply of a drug, medicine or other pharmaceutical item is GST ‑ free if the supply is on prescription and:   (a)   it is supplied as a pharmaceutical benefit (within the meaning of section   91 of the Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986); and   (b)   it is supplied under an approved scheme (within the meaning of that section).   (4A)   A supply of a drug, medicine or other pharmaceutical item is GST ‑ free if the supply is on prescription and:   (a)   it is supplied as a pharmaceutical benefit (within the meaning of section   5 of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 ); and   (b)   it is supplied in accordance with a determination made under paragraph   286(1)(c) of that Act.   (5)   A supply of a drug or medicinal preparation is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the drug or medicinal preparation is an analgesic that has a single active ingredient the supply of which as a drug or medicinal preparation would be GST ‑ free under subsection   (2) if it were supplied in a larger quantity; and   (b)   the drug or medicinal preparation is of a kind the supply of which is declared by the * Health Minister to be GST ‑ free, by determination in writing.   (6)   A supply of a drug or medicinal preparation is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the drug or medicinal preparation is the subject of an approval under paragraph   19(1)(a) of the Therapeutic Goods Act 1989 , and any conditions to which the approval is subject have been complied with; or   (b)   the drug or medicinal preparation is supplied under an authority under subsection   19(5) of that Act, and the supply is in accordance with any regulations made for the purposes of subsection   19(7) of that Act; or   (ba)   the supply of the drug or medicinal preparation is authorised by rules under subsection   19(7A) of that Act; or   (c)   the drug or medicinal preparation is exempted from the operation of Part   3 of that Act under regulation   12A of the Therapeutic Goods Regulations.   (7)   A supply of a drug or medicinal preparation covered by this section is GST ‑ free if, and only if:   (a)   the drug or medicinal preparation is for human use or consumption; and   (b)   the supply is to an individual for private or domestic use or consumption. 38 ‑ 55   Private health insurance etc.   (1)   A supply of * private health insurance is GST ‑ free .   (2)   A supply of insurance against liability to pay for services supplied by ambulance is GST ‑ free .   (3)   However, a supply of re ‑ insurance is not GST ‑ free under this section. 38 ‑ 60   Third party procured GST ‑ free health supplies Insurers   (1)   If:   (a)   a supply is a supply of a service to an insurer; and   (b)   the service is the supplier making one or more other supplies of goods or services to an individual; and   (c)   at least one of the other supplies is:   (i)   wholly or partly * GST ‑ free under this Subdivision; and   (ii)   for settling one or more claims under an * insurance policy of which the insurer is an insurer; the first ‑ mentioned supply is GST ‑ free to the extent that the other supplies mentioned in paragraph   (b) are GST ‑ free under this Subdivision. Note:   For subparagraph   (c)(ii), the insurer may be an insurer of the policy because of a portfolio transfer (see section   78 ‑ 118). Compulsory third party scheme operators   (2)   If:   (a)   a supply is a supply of a service to an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme; and   (b)   the service is the supplier making one or more other supplies of goods or services to an individual; and   (c)   at least one of the other supplies is:   (i)   wholly or partly * GST ‑ free under this Subdivision; and   (ii)   made under the compulsory third party scheme; the first ‑ mentioned supply is GST ‑ free to the extent that the other supplies mentioned in paragraph   (b) are GST ‑ free under this Subdivision. Government agencies   (3)   If:   (a)   a supply is a supply of a service to an * Australian government agency; and   (b)   the service is the supplier making one or more other supplies of goods or services to an individual; and   (c)   at least one of the other supplies is wholly or partly * GST ‑ free under this Subdivision; the first ‑ mentioned supply is GST ‑ free to the extent that the other supplies mentioned in paragraph   (b) are GST ‑ free under this Subdivision. Parties may agree for supply not to be GST ‑ free   (4)   However, a supply is not GST ‑ free (to any extent) under this section if the supplier and the * recipient have agreed that the supply, or supplies of a kind that include that supply, not be treated as GST ‑ free supplies. Subdivision   38 ‑ C — Education 38 ‑ 85   Education courses     A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of:   (a)   an * education course; or   (b)   administrative services directly related to the supply of such a course, but only if they are supplied by the supplier of the course. 38 ‑ 90   Excursions or field trips   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of an excursion or field trip, but only if the excursion or field trip:   (a)   is directly related to the curriculum of an * education course; and   (b)   is not predominantly recreational.   (2)   However:   (a)   if the course is a * tertiary course, a * tertiary residential college course or a * professional or trade course—any supply of accommodation as part of the excursion or field trip is not GST ‑ free; and   (b)   in any case—any supply of * food as part of the excursion or field trip is not GST ‑ free under this section. 38 ‑ 95   Course materials     A supply of * course materials for a subject undertaken in an * education course is GST ‑ free . 38 ‑ 97   Lease etc. of curriculum related goods     A supply by way of lease or hire of goods is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the goods are for use directly or principally by a student in undertaking a * pre ‑ school course, * primary course or * secondary course in which the student is enrolled; and   (b)   the entity supplying the course leases or hires the goods; and   (c)   at all times while the lease or hiring has effect, the entity supplying the course has the right to decide who uses goods and the use to which the goods are put; and   (d)   the lease or hiring is not part of an arrangement that includes:   (i)   a transfer of ownership of the goods; or   (ii)   an agreement to transfer ownership of the goods; or   (iii)   imposing an obligation, or conferring a right, to transfer ownership of the goods. 38 ‑ 100   Supplies that are not GST ‑ free     To avoid doubt, the following supplies related to an * education course are not GST ‑ free:   (a)   a supply by way of sale, lease or hire of goods (other than * course materials covered by section   38 ‑ 95, or a supply by way of lease or hire that is covered by section   38 ‑ 97);   (b)   a supply of membership of a student organisation. 38 ‑ 105   Accommodation at boarding schools etc.   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is a supply of * student accommodation to students undertaking a * primary course, a * secondary course or a * special education course; and   (b)   the supplier of the accommodation also supplies the course.   (2)   A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is a supply of * student accommodation to students who are undertaking a * primary course, a * secondary course or a * special education course; and   (b)   the accommodation is provided in a hostel whose primary purpose is to provide accommodation for students from rural or remote locations who are undertaking such courses.   (3)   Student accommodation means the right to occupy the whole or part of the premises used to provide the accommodation, including, if it is provided as part of the right so to occupy, the supply of:   (a)   cleaning and maintenance; or   (b)   electricity, gas, air ‑ conditioning or heating; or   (c)   telephone, television, radio or any other similar thing.   (4)   However, a supply is not GST ‑ free under subsection   (1) or (2) to the extent that it consists of the supply of * food. 38 ‑ 110   Recognition of prior learning etc.   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if the supply is the assessment or issue of qualifications for the purpose of:   (a)   access to education; or   (b)   membership of a professional or trade association; or   (c)   registration or licensing for a particular occupation; or   (d)   employment.   (2)   However, a supply is not GST ‑ free under subsection   (1) unless the supply is carried out by:   (a)   a professional or trade association; or   (b)   an * education institution; or   (c)   an entity that is registered by a training recognition authority of a State or Territory in accordance with the Australian Recognition Framework to provide skill recognition (assessment only) services; or   (d)   an authority of the Commonwealth or of a State or Territory; or   (e)   a local government body. Subdivision   38 ‑ D — Child care 38 ‑ 145   Child care—approved child care services under the family assistance law     A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is a supply of child care by an approved child care service (within the meaning of section   3 of the A New Tax System (Family Assistance) (Administration) Act 1999 ); or   (b)   it is a supply of an excursion that is directly related to a supply of child care covered by paragraph   (a). 38 ‑ 150   Other child care   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of child care specified in a determination made under subsection   (2).   (2)   The * Child Care Minister may, by legislative instrument, determine kinds of child care for the purposes of subsection   (1). A kind of child care may only be included in a determination if the supplier of the care is eligible for Commonwealth funding in respect of the kind of care. 38 ‑ 155   Supplies directly related to child care that is GST ‑ free     A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply that is directly related to a supply of child care that is:   (a)   GST ‑ free because of section   38 ‑ 145 or 38 ‑ 150; and   (b)   supplied by, or on behalf of, the supplier of the child care. Subdivision   38 ‑ E — Exports and other cross ‑ border supplies 38 ‑ 185   Exports of goods   (1)   The third column of this table sets out supplies that are GST ‑ free :   GST ‑ free exports of goods Item Topic These supplies are GST ‑ free ... 1 Export of goods—general a supply of goods, but only if the supplier exports them from the indirect tax zone before, or within 60 days (or such further period as the Commissioner allows) after: (a) the day on which the supplier receives any of the * consideration for the supply; or (b) if, on an earlier day, the supplier gives an * invoice for the supply—the day on which the supplier gives the invoice. 2 Export of goods—supplies paid for by instalments a supply of goods for which the * consideration is provided in instalments under a contract that requires the goods to be exported, but only if the supplier exports them from the indirect tax zone before, or within 60 days (or such further period as the Commissioner allows) after: (a) the day on which the supplier receives any of the final instalment of the consideration for the supply; or (b) if, on an earlier day, the supplier gives an * invoice for that final instalment—the day on which the supplier gives the invoice. 2A Export of goods—supplies to associates without consideration a supply of goods without * consideration to an * associate of the supplier, but only if the supplier exports them from the indirect tax zone. 3 Export of aircraft or ships a supply of an aircraft or * ship, but only if the recipient of the aircraft or ship exports it from the indirect tax zone under its own power within 60 days (or such further period as the Commissioner allows) after taking physical possession of it. 4 Export of aircraft or ships—paid for by instalments a supply of an aircraft or * ship for which the * consideration is provided in instalments under a contract that requires the aircraft or ship to be exported, but only if the * recipient exports it from the indirect tax zone before, or within 60 days (or such further period as the Commissioner allows) after, the earliest day on which one or more of the following occurs: (a) the supplier receives any of the final instalment of the consideration for the supply; (b) the supplier gives an * invoice for that final instalment; (c) the supplier delivers the aircraft or ship to the recipient or (at the recipient’s request) to another person. 4A Export of new recreational boats a supply of a * ship, but only if: (a) the ship is a * new recreational boat on the earliest day (the receipt day ) on which one or more of the following occurs: (i) the * recipient takes physical possession of the ship; (ii) if * consideration for the supply is provided in instalments under a contract that requires the ship to be exported—the supplier receives any of the final instalment; (iii) if consideration for the supply is provided in instalments under a contract that requires the ship to be exported—the supplier gives an * invoice for the final instalment; and (b) the supplier or recipient exports the ship from the indirect tax zone within 12 months (or such further period as the Commissioner allows) after the receipt day; and (c) subsection   (6) does not apply at any time during the period: (i) starting on the receipt day; and (ii) ending when the supplier or recipient exports the ship. 5 Export of goods that are to be consumed on international flights or voyages a supply of: (a) * aircraft’s stores, or spare parts, for use, consumption or sale on an aircraft on a flight that has a destination outside the indirect tax zone; or (b) * ship’s stores, or spare parts, for use, consumption or sale on a * ship on a voyage that has a destination outside the indirect tax zone; whether or not part of the flight or voyage involves a journey between places in the indirect tax zone. 6 Export of goods used to repair etc. imported goods a supply of goods in the course of repairing, renovating, modifying or treating other goods from outside the indirect tax zone whose destination is outside the indirect tax zone, but only if: (a) the goods are attached to, or become part of, the other goods; or (b) the goods become unusable or worthless as a direct result of being used to repair, renovate, modify or treat the other goods. 7 Goods exported by travellers as accompanied baggage a supply of goods to a * relevant traveller, but only if: (a) the supply is made in accordance with the rules specified in the regulations; and (b) the goods are exported as accompanied baggage of the relevant traveller.   (2)   However, a supply covered by any of items   1 to 6 in the table in subsection   (1) is not GST ‑ free if the supplier reimports the goods into the indirect tax zone.   (3)   Without limiting items   1 and 2 in the table in subsection   (1), a supplier of goods is treated, for the purposes of those items, as having exported the goods from the indirect tax zone if:   (a)   before the goods are exported, the supplier supplies them to an entity that is not * registered or * required to be registered; and   (b)   that entity exports the goods from the indirect tax zone; and   (c)   the goods have been entered for export within the meaning of section   113 of the Customs Act 1901 ; and   (d)   since their supply to that entity, the goods have not been altered or used in any way, except to the extent (if any) necessary to prepare them for export; and   (e)   the supplier has sufficient documentary evidence to show that the goods were exported; and   (f)   if that entity is covered by paragraph   168 ‑ 5(1A)(c)—the supplier has a declaration by that entity stating that:   (i)   a payment has not been sought under section   168 ‑ 5 for the supply; and   (ii)   if the goods are * wine—a payment has not been sought under section   25 ‑ 5 of that Act for the supply. However, if the goods are reimported into the indirect tax zone, the supply is not GST ‑ free unless the reimportation is a * taxable importation. Note:   The entity will be covered by paragraph   168 ‑ 5(1A)(c) if the entity is an individual who resides in an external Territory.   (4)   Without limiting item   2A in the table in subsection   (1), a supplier of goods is treated, for the purposes of that item, as having exported the goods from the indirect tax zone if:   (a)   before the goods are exported, the supplier supplies them to an entity that:   (i)   is an * associate of the supplier; and   (ii)   is not * registered or * required to be registered; and   (b)   the associate exports the goods from the indirect tax zone within 60 days (or such further period as the Commissioner allows) after the earlier of the following:   (i)   the day the goods were delivered in the indirect tax zone to the associate;   (ii)   the day the goods were made available in the indirect tax zone to the associate; and   (c)   the goods have been entered for export within the meaning of section   113 of the Customs Act 1901 ; and   (d)   since their supply to the associate, the goods have not been altered or used in any way, except to the extent (if any) necessary to prepare them for export; and   (e)   the supplier has sufficient documentary evidence to show that the goods were exported; and   (f)   if the associate is covered by paragraph   168 ‑ 5(1A)(c)—the supplier has a declaration by the associate stating that:   (i)   a payment has not been sought under section   168 ‑ 5 for the supply; and   (ii)   if the goods are * wine—a payment has not been sought under section   25 ‑ 5 of that Act for the supply. However, if the goods are reimported into the indirect tax zone, the supply is not GST ‑ free unless the reimportation is a * taxable importation. Note:   The associate will be covered by paragraph   168 ‑ 5(1A)(c) if the associate is an individual who resides in an external Territory. Export of new recreational boats   (5)   For the purposes of item   4A of the table in subsection   (1), the * ship is a new recreational boat if the ship:   (a)   has not been substantially reconstructed; and   (b)   has not been sold, leased or used since the completion of its construction, except in connection with:   (i)   the supply or acquisition of the ship as stock held for the purpose of sale or exchange in * carrying on an * enterprise; or   (ii)   the supply mentioned in that item, or the acquisition of the ship by the * recipient as mentioned in that item; and   (c)   was designed, and is fitted out, principally for use in activities done as private recreational pursuits or hobbies; and   (d)   is not a commercial ship.   (6)   For the purposes of item   4A in the table in subsection   (1), this subsection applies if, apart from use of the * ship by the supplier in connection with the supply of the ship to the * recipient, the * ship is used:   (a)   as security for the performance of an obligation (other than an obligation relating to the acquisition of the ship); or   (b)   in * carrying on an * enterprise in the indirect tax zone; or   (c)   in the indirect tax zone in carrying on an enterprise outside the indirect tax zone, not including use that involves the ship being used:   (i)   in a way that is private or domestic in nature; or   (ii)   in an activity, or series of activities, done as a private recreational pursuit or hobby; or Example:   Allowing an employee to live on the ship, or to take the ship on a fishing trip.   (d)   for * consideration, unless the consideration:   (i)   consists of the provision of services by an employee of an enterprise carried on by the * recipient outside the indirect tax zone; or   (ii)   is in respect of the recipient competing in a race or other sporting event (e.g. a prize). 38 ‑ 187   Lease etc. of goods for use outside the indirect tax zone     A supply of goods is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supply is by way of lease or hire; and   (b)   the goods are used outside the indirect tax zone. Note:   If goods are leased or hired and used partly in the indirect tax zone and partly outside the indirect tax zone, the supply could be taxable to the extent that the goods are used in the indirect tax zone (see section   9 ‑ 5). 38 ‑ 188   Tooling used by non ‑ residents to manufacture goods for export     A supply of goods is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the * recipient of the supply is a * non ‑ resident, and is not * registered or * required to be registered; and   (b)   the goods are jigs, patterns, templates, dies, punches and similar machine tools to be used in the indirect tax zone solely to manufacture goods that will be for export from the indirect tax zone. 38 ‑ 190   Supplies of things, other than goods or real property, for consumption outside the indirect tax zone   (1)   The third column of this table sets out supplies that are GST ‑ free (except to the extent that they are supplies of goods or * real property):   Supplies of things, other than goods or real property, for consumption outside the indirect tax zone Item Topic These supplies are GST ‑ free (except to the extent that they are supplies of goods or * real property)... 1 Supply connected with property outside the indirect tax zone a supply that is directly connected with goods or real property situated outside the indirect tax zone. 2 Supply to * non ‑ resident outside the indirect tax zone. a supply that is made to a * non ‑ resident who is not in the indirect tax zone when the thing supplied is done, and: (a) the supply is neither a supply of work physically performed on goods situated in the indirect tax zone when the work is done nor a supply directly connected with * real property situated in the indirect tax zone; or (b) the * non ‑ resident acquires the thing in * carrying on the non ‑ resident’s * enterprise, but is not * registered or * required to be registered. 3 Supplies used or enjoyed outside the indirect tax zone a supply: (a) that is made to a * recipient who is not in the indirect tax zone when the thing supplied is done; and (b) the effective use or enjoyment of which takes place outside the indirect tax zone; other than a supply of work physically performed on goods situated in the indirect tax zone when the thing supplied is done, or a supply directly connected with * real property situated in the indirect tax zone. 4 Rights a supply that is made in relation to rights if: (a) the rights are for use outside the indirect tax zone; or (b) the supply is to an entity that is not an * Australian resident and is outside the indirect tax zone when the thing supplied is done. 5 Export of services used to repair etc. imported goods a supply that is constituted by the repair, renovation, modification or treatment of goods from outside the indirect tax zone whose destination is outside the indirect tax zone.   (2)   However, a supply covered by any of items   1 to 5 in the table in subsection   (1) is not GST ‑ free if it is the supply of a right or option to acquire something the supply of which would be * connected with the indirect tax zone and would not be * GST ‑ free.   (2A)   A supply covered by any of items   2 to 4 in the table in subsection   (1) is not * GST ‑ free if the acquisition of the supply relates (whether directly or indirectly, or wholly or partly) to the making of a supply of * real property situated in the indirect tax zone that would be, wholly or partly, * input taxed under Subdivision   40 ‑ B or 40 ‑ C. Note:   Subdivision   40 ‑ B deals with the supply of premises (including a berth at a marina) by way of lease, hire or licence. Subdivision   40 ‑ C deals with the sale of residential premises and the supply of residential premises by way of long ‑ term lease.   (3)   Without limiting subsection   (2) or (2A), a supply covered by item   2 in that table is not GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is a supply under an agreement entered into, whether directly or indirectly, with a * non ‑ resident; and   (b)   the supply is provided, or the agreement requires it to be provided, to another entity in the indirect tax zone; and   (c)   for a supply other than an * input taxed supply—none of the following applies:   (i)   the other entity would be an * Australian ‑ based business recipient of the supply, if the supply had been made to it;   (ii)   the other entity is an individual who is provided with the supply as an employee or * officer of an entity that would be an Australian ‑ based business recipient of the supply, if the supply had been made to it; or   (iii)   the other entity is an individual who is provided with the supply as an employee or officer of the * recipient, and the recipient’s acquisition of the thing is solely for a * creditable purpose and is not a * non ‑ deductible expense.   (4)   A supply is taken, for the purposes of item   3 in that table, to be a supply made to a * recipient who is not in the indirect tax zone if:   (a)   it is a supply under an agreement entered into, whether directly or indirectly, with an * Australian resident; and   (b)   the supply is provided, or the agreement requires it to be provided, to another entity outside the indirect tax zone.   (5)   Subsection   (4) does not apply to any of the following supplies:   (a)   a transport of goods within the indirect tax zone that is part of, or is connected with, the * international transport of the goods;   (b)   a loading or handling of goods within the indirect tax zone that is part of, or is connected with, the international transport of the goods;   (c)   a service, done within the indirect tax zone, in relation to the goods that facilitates the international transport of the goods; Example:   The services of a customs broker in processing the information necessary for the clearance of goods into home consumption.   (d)   insuring transport covered by paragraph   (a);   (e)   arranging transport covered by paragraph   (a), or insurance covered by paragraph   (d). Note:   The supply might still be GST ‑ free under item   5, 5A, 6 or 7 in the table in subsection   38 ‑ 355(1). 38 ‑ 191   Supplies relating to the repair etc. of goods under warranty   (1)   A supply of anything other than goods or * real property is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the * recipient is a * non ‑ resident who:   (i)   is not in the indirect tax zone when the thing supplied is done; and   (ii)   acquires the thing in * carrying on the recipient’s * enterprise, but is not * registered or * required to be registered; and   (b)   the supply is constituted by the repair, renovation, modification or treatment of goods; and   (c)   the repair, renovation, modification or treatment is done in order to meet the recipient’s obligations under a warranty relating to the goods; and   (d)   either:   (i)   * consideration for the warranty was included in the consideration for the supply of the goods; or   (ii)   the supply of the warranty was a separate * taxable supply to the supply of the goods.   (2)   A supply of goods is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is made in the course of a supply that is GST ‑ free under subsection   (1), and to the same * recipient; and   (b)   either:   (i)   the goods are attached to, or become part of, the goods to which the warranty relates; or   (ii)   the goods become unusable or worthless as a direct result of being used to repair, renovate, modify or treat the goods to which the warranty relates. Subdivision   38 ‑ F — Religious services 38 ‑ 220   Religious services     A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of service that:   (a)   is supplied by a * ACNC ‑ registered religious institution; and   (b)   is integral to the practice of that religion. Subdivision   38 ‑ G — Activities of charities etc. 38 ‑ 250   Nominal consideration etc.   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supplier is an * endorsed charity, a * gift ‑ deductible entity or a * government school; and   (b)   the supply is for * consideration that:   (i)   if the supply is a supply of accommodation—is less than 75% of the * GST inclusive market value of the supply; or   (ii)   if the supply is not a supply of accommodation—is less than 50% of the GST inclusive market value of the supply.   (2)   A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supplier is an * endorsed charity, a * gift ‑ deductible entity or a * government school; and   (b)   the supply is for * consideration that:   (i)   if the supply is a supply of accommodation—is less than 75% of the cost to the supplier of providing the accommodation; or   (ii)   if the supply is not a supply of accommodation—is less than 75% of the consideration the supplier provided, or was liable to provide, for acquiring the thing supplied.   (4)   Subsections   (1) and (2) do not apply to a supply by a * gift ‑ deductible entity endorsed as a deductible gift recipient (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under section   30 ‑ 120 of the ITAA 1997, unless:   (a)   the supplier is:   (i)   an * endorsed charity; or   (ii)   a * government school; or   (iii)   a fund, authority or institution of a kind referred to in paragraph   30 ‑ 125(1)(b) of the ITAA 1997; or   (b)   each purpose to which the supply relates is a * gift ‑ deductible purpose of the supplier. Note:   This subsection denies GST ‑ free status under this section to supplies by certain (but not all) gift ‑ deductible entities that are only endorsed for the operation of a fund, authority or institution. However, supplies can be GST ‑ free under this section if they relate to the principal purpose of the fund, authority or institution. 38 ‑ 255   Second ‑ hand goods   (1)   A supply of * second ‑ hand goods is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supplier is an * endorsed charity, a * gift ‑ deductible entity or a * government school; and   (b)   the goods were supplied to the endorsed charity, gift ‑ deductible entity or government school:   (i)   as a gift; or   (ii)   by way of a supply that was GST ‑ free because of a previous application of this section. However, the supply is not GST ‑ free if the endorsed charity, gift ‑ deductible entity or government school has dealt with the goods in such a way that the goods no longer have their original character.   (3)   Subsection   (1) does not apply to a supply by a * gift ‑ deductible entity endorsed as a deductible gift recipient (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under section   30 ‑ 120 of the ITAA 1997, unless:   (a)   the supplier is:   (i)   an * endorsed charity; or   (ii)   a * government school; or   (iii)   a fund, authority or institution of a kind referred to in paragraph   30 ‑ 125(1)(b) of the ITAA 1997; or   (b)   each purpose to which the supply relates is a * gift ‑ deductible purpose of the supplier. Note:   This subsection denies GST ‑ free status under this section to supplies by certain (but not all) gift ‑ deductible entities that are only endorsed for the operation of a fund, authority or institution. However, supplies can be GST ‑ free under this section if they relate to the principal purpose of the fund, authority or institution. 38 ‑ 260   Supplies of retirement village accommodation etc.     A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supplier is an * endorsed charity that operates a * retirement village; and   (b)   the supply is made to a resident of the retirement village; and   (c)   the supply is:   (i)   a supply of accommodation in the retirement village, or a supply of a service related to the supply of the accommodation; or   (ii)   a supply of meals. 38 ‑ 270   Raffles and bingo conducted by charities etc.   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supplier is an * endorsed charity, a * gift ‑ deductible entity or a * government school; and   (b)   the supply is:   (i)   a supply of a ticket in a raffle; or   (ii)   an acceptance of a person’s participation in a game of bingo; or   (iii)   a * gambling supply of a kind specified in the regulations; and   (c)   the supply does not contravene a * State law or a * Territory law.   (3)   Subsection   (1) does not apply to a supply by a * gift ‑ deductible entity endorsed as a deductible gift recipient (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under section   30 ‑ 120 of the ITAA 1997, unless:   (a)   the supplier is:   (i)   an * endorsed charity; or   (ii)   a * government school; or   (iii)   a fund, authority or institution of a kind referred to in paragraph   30 ‑ 125(1)(b) of the ITAA 1997; or   (b)   each purpose to which the supply relates is a * gift ‑ deductible purpose of the supplier. Note:   This subsection denies GST ‑ free status under this section to supplies by certain (but not all) gift ‑ deductible entities that are only endorsed for the operation of a fund, authority or institution. However, supplies can be GST ‑ free under this section if they relate to the principal purpose of the fund, authority or institution. Subdivision   38 ‑ I — Water, sewerage and drainage 38 ‑ 285   Water   (1)   A supply of water is GST ‑ free .   (2)   However, a supply of water is not GST ‑ free under this section if it is:   (a)   supplied in a container; or   (b)   transferred into a container; that has a capacity of less than 100 litres or such other quantity as the regulations specify.   (3)   It does not matter whether or not the amount of water supplied or transferred fills the container. 38 ‑ 290   Sewerage and sewerage ‑ like services   (1)   A supply of sewerage services is GST ‑ free .   (2)   A supply that consists of removing waste matter from * residential premises is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the premises are not serviced by sewers; and   (b)   the waste matter is of a kind that would normally be removed using sewers if the premises were serviced by sewers.   (3)   A supply that consists of servicing a domestic self ‑ contained sewage system is GST ‑ free . 38 ‑ 295   Emptying of septic tanks     A supply of a service that consists of the emptying of a septic tank is GST ‑ free . 38 ‑ 300   Drainage     A supply of a service that consists of draining storm water is GST ‑ free . Subdivision   38 ‑ J — Supplies of going concerns 38 ‑ 325   Supply of a going concern   (1)   The * supply of a going concern is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supply is for * consideration; and   (b)   the * recipient is * registered or * required to be registered; and   (c)   the supplier and the recipient have agreed in writing that the supply is of a going concern.   (2)   A supply of a going concern is a supply under an arrangement under which:   (a)   the supplier supplies to the * recipient all of the things that are necessary for the continued operation of an * enterprise; and   (b)   the supplier carries on, or will carry on, the enterprise until the day of the supply (whether or not as a part of a larger enterprise carried on by the supplier). Subdivision   38 ‑ K — Transport and related matters 38 ‑ 355   Supplies of transport and related matters   (1)   The third column of this table sets out supplies that are GST ‑ free :   Supplies of transport and related matters Item Topic These supplies are GST ‑ free ... 1 Transport of passengers to, from or outside the indirect tax zone the transport of a passenger: (a) from the last place of departure in the indirect tax zone to a destination outside the indirect tax zone; or (b) from a place outside the indirect tax zone to the first place of arrival in the indirect tax zone; or (c) from a place outside the indirect tax zone to the same or another place outside the indirect tax zone. 2 Transport of passengers on domestic legs of international flights the transport of a passenger within the indirect tax zone by air, but only if: (a) the transport is part of a wider arrangement, itinerary or contract for transport by air involving international travel; and (b) at the time the arrangement, itinerary or contract was entered into, the transport within the indirect tax zone formed part of a ticket for international travel, or was cross referenced to such a ticket, issued at that time. 3 Domestic air travel of non ‑ residents the transport of a passenger within the indirect tax zone by air, but only if: (a) the passenger is a * non ‑ resident; and (b) the supply was purchased while the passenger was outside the indirect tax zone. 4 Transport of passengers on domestic legs of international sea voyages the transport of a passenger within the indirect tax zone by sea, but only if: (a) the transport is part of a journey by sea from the indirect tax zone to a destination outside the indirect tax zone, or from a destination outside the indirect tax zone to the indirect tax zone; and (b) the transport is provided by the supplier who transports the passenger to or from the indirect tax zone. 5 Transport etc. of goods subject to subsections   (2) and (3), the * international transport of goods: (a) from their * place of export in the indirect tax zone to a destination outside the indirect tax zone; or (b) from a place outside the indirect tax zone to their * place of consignment in the indirect tax zone; or (c) from a place outside the indirect tax zone to the same or another place outside the indirect tax zone. 5A Loading or handling etc. subject to subsections   (2) and (3): (a) loading or handling of goods, the * international transport of which is covered by item   5, during the course of the international transport; or (b) supply of a service, during the course of the international transport of goods covered by item   5, that facilitates the international transport. 6 Insuring transport etc. subject to subsection   (3): (a) insuring transport covered by item   1, 2, 3 or 4; or (b) insuring the * international transport of goods from their * place of export in the indirect tax zone to a destination outside the indirect tax zone; or (c) insuring: (i) the transport of goods from a place outside the indirect tax zone to their * place of consignment in the indirect tax zone; and (ii) the subsequent transport of those goods within the indirect tax zone, if it is an integral part of the transport of goods from the place outside the indirect tax zone to the place of consignment in the indirect tax zone; including loading and handling within the indirect tax zone that is part of that transport; or (d) insuring the transport of goods from a place outside the indirect tax zone to the same or another place outside the indirect tax zone. 7 Arranging transport etc. subject to subsection   (3): (a) arranging transport covered by item   1, 2, 3 or 4; or (b) arranging the * international transport of goods covered by item   5; or (c) arranging insurance covered by item   6.   (2)   Paragraphs   (a) and (b) of item   5, and item   5A, in the table in subsection   (1) do not apply to a supply to the extent that the thing supplied is done in the indirect tax zone, unless:   (a)   the * recipient of the supply:   (i)   is a * non ‑ resident; and   (ii)   is not in the indirect tax zone when the thing supplied is done in the indirect tax zone; or   (b)   the supply is done by the supplier of the transport of the goods from or to the indirect tax zone (whichever is relevant).   (3)   Items   5 and 5A, paragraphs   (b) to (d) of item   6, and paragraphs   (b) and (c) of item   7, in the table in subsection   (1) do not apply to a supply to the extent that:   (a)   the supply is, or relates to, the * international transport of goods; and   (b)   the supplier is a * redeliverer that is treated as the supplier of the goods under subsection   84 ‑ 81(4); and   (c)   the supply of the goods is a * taxable supply. 38 ‑ 360   Travel agents arranging overseas supplies     A supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supplier makes it in the course of * carrying on an * enterprise as a travel agent; and   (b)   it consists of arranging for the making of a supply, the effective use or enjoyment of which is to take place outside the indirect tax zone. Subdivision   38 ‑ L — Precious metals 38 ‑ 385   Supplies of precious metals     A supply of * precious metal is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is the first supply of that precious metal after its refining by, or on behalf of, the supplier; and   (b)   the entity that refined the precious metal is a * refiner of precious metal; and   (c)   the * recipient of the supply is a * dealer in precious metal. Note:   Any other supply of precious metal is input taxed under section   40 ‑ 100. Subdivision   38 ‑ M — Supplies through inwards duty free shops 38 ‑ 415   Supplies through inwards duty free shops     A supply is GST ‑ free if the supply is a sale of * airport shop goods through an * inwards duty free shop to a * relevant traveller. Subdivision   38 ‑ N — Grants of land by governments 38 ‑ 445   Grants of freehold and similar interests by governments   (1)   A supply by the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory of land on which there are no improvements is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supply is of a freehold interest in the land; or   (b)   the supply is by way of * long ‑ term lease.   (1A)   A supply by the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory of land is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supply is of a freehold interest in the land, or is by way of * long ‑ term lease; and   (b)   the Commonwealth, State or Territory had previously supplied the land, by way of lease, to the * recipient of the supply; and   (c)   at the time of that previous supply, there were no improvements on the land; and   (d)   because conditions to which that lease was subject had been satisfied, the recipient was entitled to the supply of the freehold interest or the supply by way of long ‑ term lease.   (2)   However, the supply is not GST ‑ free if, since 1   July 2000, the land has already been the subject of a supply that is GST ‑ free under this section. 38 ‑ 450   Leases preceding grants of freehold and similar interests by governments   (1)   A supply by the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory of land on which there are no improvements is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supply is by way of lease (other than * long ‑ term lease); and   (b)   the lease is subject to conditions the satisfaction of which will entitle the * recipient of the supply to the grant of a freehold interest in the land or a long ‑ term lease of the land.   (2)   A supply consisting of the surrender, to the Commonwealth, a State or Territory, of a lease over land is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supplier acquired the land under a supply that:   (i)   was GST ‑ free under subsection   (1); or   (ii)   if the supply was made before 1   July 2000—would have been GST ‑ free under subsection   (1) if it had been made on or after that day; and   (b)   solely or partly in return for the surrender of the lease, the Commonwealth, State or Territory makes a supply of the land to the supplier that is GST ‑ free under section   38 ‑ 445. Subdivision   38 ‑ O — Farm land 38 ‑ 475   Subdivided farm land   (1)   The supply of a freehold interest in, or the lease by an * Australian government agency of or the * long term lease of, * potential residential land is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the land is subdivided from land on which a * farming business has been * carried on for at least 5 years; and   (b)   the supply is made to an * associate of the supplier of the land without * consideration or for consideration that is less than the * GST inclusive market value of the supply.   (2)   An entity * carries on a farming business if it carries on a * business of:   (a)   cultivating or propagating plants, fungi or their products or parts (including seeds, spores, bulbs and similar things), in any physical environment; or   (b)   maintaining animals for the purpose of selling them or their bodily produce (including natural increase); or   (c)   manufacturing dairy produce from raw material that the entity produced; or   (d)   planting or tending trees in a plantation or forest that are intended to be felled. 38 ‑ 480   Farm land supplied for farming     The supply of a freehold interest in, or the lease by an * Australian government agency of or the * long term lease of, land is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the land is land on which a * farming business has been * carried on for at least the period of 5 years preceding the supply; and   (b)   the * recipient of the supply intends that a farming business be carried on, on the land. Subdivision   38 ‑ P — Cars for use by disabled people 38 ‑ 505   Disabled veterans   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of a * car to an individual who:   (a)   has served in the Defence Force or in any other armed force of the Sovereign; and   (b)   as a result of that service:   (i)   has lost a leg or both arms; or   (ii)   has had a leg, or both arms, rendered permanently and completely useless; or   (iii)   is a veteran to whom section   24 of the Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986 applies and receives a pension under Part   II of that Act; or   (iv)   is receiving a Special Rate Disability Pension under Part   6 of Chapter   4 of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 , or satisfies the eligibility criteria in section   199 of that Act; and   (c)   intends to use the car in his or her personal transportation during all of the * Subdivision   38 ‑ P period.   (2)   However, a supply covered by subsection   (1) is not GST ‑ free to the extent that the * GST inclusive market value of the * car exceeds the * car limit.   (3)   In working out the * GST inclusive market value of the * car for the purposes of subsection   (2), disregard any value that is attributable to modifications made to the car solely for the purpose of:   (a)   adapting it for driving by the person; or   (b)   adapting it for transporting the person.   (4)   A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of * car parts that are for a * car for an individual to whom paragraphs   (1)(a), (b) and (c) apply. 38 ‑ 510   Other disabled people   (1)   A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of a * car to an individual who:   (a)   has a current certificate of medical eligibility issued by a * medical practitioner, in the * approved form, certifying that the individual has lost the use of one or more limbs to such an extent that the individual is unable to use public transport; and   (b)   intends to use the car in his or her personal transportation to or from gainful employment during all of the * Subdivision   38 ‑ P period.   (2)   However, a supply covered by subsection   (1) is not GST ‑ free to the extent that the * GST inclusive market value of the * car exceeds the * car limit.   (3)   In working out the * GST inclusive market value of the * car for the purposes of subsection   (2), disregard any value that is attributable to modifications made to the car solely for the purpose of:   (a)   adapting it for driving by the individual; or   (b)   adapting it for transporting the individual.   (4)   A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of * car parts that are for a * car for an individual to whom paragraphs   (1)(a) and (b) applies. Subdivision   38 ‑ Q — International mail 38 ‑ 540   International mail     A supply is GST ‑ free if it is a supply of services to a foreign postal administration for:   (a)   the delivery in the indirect tax zone; or   (b)   the transit through the indirect tax zone; of postal articles mailed outside the indirect tax zone. Subdivision   38 ‑ R — Telecommunication supplies made under arrangements for global roaming in the indirect tax zone 38 ‑ 570   Telecommunication supplies made under arrangements for global roaming in the indirect tax zone   (1)   A * telecommunication supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   the supply is to enable the use in the indirect tax zone of a portable device for sending and receiving signals, writing, images, sounds or information by an electromagnetic system while the device is linked to:   (i)   an international mobile subscriber identity; or   (ii)   an IP address; or   (iii)   another internationally recognised identifier;     containing a home network identity that indicates a subscription to a telecommunications network outside the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   the supply is covered by subsection   (2) or (3). Supply by non ‑ resident telecommunications supplier   (2)   This subsection covers the supply if:   (a)   the supply is made to the subscriber in connection with the subscription; and   (b)   the billing of the subscriber for the supply is to an address outside the indirect tax zone; and   (c)   the supply is made by a * non ‑ resident that:   (i)   * carries on outside the indirect tax zone an * enterprise of making * telecommunication supplies; and   (ii)   does not * carry on in the indirect tax zone such an enterprise. Supply by Australian resident telecommunications supplier   (3)   This subsection covers the supply if:   (a)   the supply is made by an * Australian resident that is:   (i)   a carrier, or a carriage service provider, as defined in the Telecommunications Act 1997 ; or   (ii)   an internet service provider as defined in the Online Safety Act 2021 ; and   (b)   the supply is provided to the user in the indirect tax zone of the device; and   (c)   the supply is made to a * non ‑ resident that:   (i)   * carries on outside the indirect tax zone an * enterprise of making * telecommunication supplies; and   (ii)   does not * carry on in the indirect tax zone such an enterprise. Subdivision   38 ‑ S — Eligible emissions units 38 ‑ 590   Eligible emissions units     A supply of an * eligible emissions unit is GST ‑ free . Subdivision   38 ‑ T — Inbound intangible consumer supplies 38 ‑ 610   Inbound intangible consumer supplies   (1)   An * inbound intangible consumer supply is GST ‑ free if:   (a)   it is made by a * non ‑ resident; and   (b)   it is covered by a determination under subsection   (2).   (2)   The Minister may, by legislative instrument, determine that a specified class of * inbound intangible consumer supplies are GST ‑ free.   (3)   However, the Minister must not make the determination unless:   (a)   the * Foreign Minister has advised the Minister in writing that the treatment of the class of supplies under the * GST law would, apart from the determination, be inconsistent with Australia’s international obligations; and   (b)   the Minister is satisfied that similar supplies made by * Australian residents would be GST ‑ free. Division   40 — Input taxed supplies Table of Subdivisions 40 ‑ A   Financial supplies 40 ‑ B   Residential rent 40 ‑ C   Residential premises 40 ‑ D   Precious metals 40 ‑ E   School tuckshops and canteens 40 ‑ F   Fund ‑ raising events conducted by charities etc. 40 ‑ G   Inbound intangible consumer supplies 40 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division provides for the supplies that are input taxed. If a supply is input taxed, then: •   no GST is payable on the supply; •   there is no entitlement to an input tax credit for anything acquired or imported to make the supply (see sections   11 ‑ 15 and 15 ‑ 10). For the basic rules about supplies that are input taxed, see sections   9 ‑ 30 and 9 ‑ 80. Subdivision   40 ‑ A — Financial supplies 40 ‑ 5   Financial supplies   (1)   A * financial supply is input taxed .   (2)   Financial supply has the meaning given by the regulations. Subdivision   40 ‑ B — Residential rent 40 ‑ 35   Residential rent   (1)   A supply of premises that is by way of lease, hire or licence (including a renewal or extension of a lease, hire or licence) is input taxed if:   (a)   the supply is of * residential premises (other than a supply of * commercial residential premises or a supply of accommodation in commercial residential premises provided to an individual by the entity that owns or controls the commercial residential premises); or   (b)   the supply is of * commercial accommodation and Division   87 (which is about long ‑ term accommodation in commercial premises) would apply to the supply but for a choice made by the supplier under section   87 ‑ 25.   (1A)   A supply of a berth at a marina that is by way of lease, hire or licence (including a renewal or extension of a lease, hire or licence) is input taxed if:   (a)   the berth is occupied, or is to be occupied, by a * ship used as a residence; and   (b)   the supply is of * commercial accommodation and Division   87 (which is about long ‑ term accommodation in commercial premises) would apply to the supply but for a choice made by the supplier under section   87 ‑ 25.   (2)   However:   (a)   the supply is input taxed only to the extent that the premises are to be used predominantly for residential accommodation (regardless of the term of occupation); and   (b)   the supply is not input taxed under this section if the lease, hire or licence, or the renewal or extension of a lease, hire or licence, is a * long ‑ term lease. Subdivision   40 ‑ C — Residential premises 40 ‑ 65   Sales of residential premises   (1)   A sale of * real property is input taxed , but only to the extent that the property is * residential premises to be used predominantly for residential accommodation (regardless of the term of occupation).   (2)   However, the sale is not input taxed to the extent that the * residential premises are:   (a)   * commercial residential premises; or   (b)   * new residential premises other than those used for residential accommodation (regardless of the term of occupation) before 2   December 1998. Note:   For sales of residential premises that are new residential premises, the recipient of the supply must pay an amount representing the GST on the supply to the Commissioner under section   14 ‑ 250 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 , and the entity liable for the GST on the supply is entitled to a credit for that payment under section   18 ‑ 60 in that Schedule. 40 ‑ 70   Supplies of residential premises by way of long ‑ term lease   (1)   A supply is input taxed if:   (a)   the supply is of * real property but only to the extent that the property is * residential premises to be used predominantly for residential accommodation (regardless of the term of occupation); and   (b)   the supply is by way of * long ‑ term lease.   (2)   However, the supply is not input taxed to the extent that the * residential premises are:   (a)   * commercial residential premises; or   (b)   * new residential premises other than those used for residential accommodation (regardless of the term of occupation) before 2   December 1998. 40 ‑ 75   Meaning of new residential premises When premises are new residential premises   (1)   * Residential premises are new residential premises if they:   (a)   have not previously been sold as residential premises (other than * commercial residential premises) and have not previously been the subject of a * long ‑ term lease; or   (b)   have been created through * substantial renovations of a building; or   (c)   have been built, or contain a building that has been built, to replace demolished premises on the same land. Paragraphs   (b) and (c) have effect subject to paragraph   (a). Note 1:   For example, residential premises will be new residential premises if they are created as described in paragraph   (b) or (c) to replace earlier premises that had ceased to be new residential premises because of paragraph   (a). Note 2:   However, premises that are new residential premises because of paragraph   (b) or (c) will cease to be new residential premises once they are sold, or supplied by way of long ‑ term lease, as residential premises (see paragraph   (a)). Note 3:   Premises created because of the registration of, for example, a strata title plan, or a plan to subdivide land, may not become new residential premises (see subsection   (2AA)).   (2)   However, the * residential premises are not new residential premises if, for the period of at least 5 years since:   (a)   if paragraph   (1)(a) applies (and neither paragraph   (1)(b) nor paragraph   (1)(c) applies)—the premises first became residential premises; or   (b)   if paragraph   (1)(b) applies—the premises were last * substantially renovated; or   (c)   if paragraph   (1)(c) applies—the premises were last built; the premises have only been used for making supplies that are * input taxed because of paragraph   40 ‑ 35(1)(a). Subdivisions etc. may not result in new residential premises   (2AA)   Despite subsection   (1), the * residential premises are not new residential premises if:   (a)   they are created from residential premises that became the subject of a * property subdivision plan; and   (b)   the residential premises referred to in paragraph   (a) were not new residential premises immediately before they became the subject of that plan. This subsection has effect subject to paragraphs   (1)(b) and (c). Disregard certain supplies of the premises   (2A)   A supply of the * residential premises is disregarded as a sale or supply for the purposes of applying paragraph   (1)(a):   (a)   if it is a supply by a member of a * GST group to another member of the GST group; or   (b)   if:   (i)   it is a supply by the * joint venture operator of a * GST joint venture to another entity that is a * participant in the joint venture; and   (ii)   the other entity acquired the interest, unit or lease for consumption, use or supply in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into.   (2B)   A supply (the wholesale supply ) of the * residential premises is disregarded as a sale or supply for the purposes of applying paragraph   (1)(a) if:   (a)   the premises from which the residential premises were created had earlier been supplied to the * recipient of the wholesale supply or one or more of its * associates; and   (b)   an arrangement (including an agreement) was made by:   (i)   the supplier of the earlier supply, or one or more associates of the supplier; and   (ii)   the recipient of the earlier supply, or one or more associates of the recipient; and   (c)   under the arrangement, the wholesale supply was conditional on:   (i)   specified building or renovation work being undertaken by the recipient of the earlier supply, or by one or more associates of the recipient; or   (ii)   circumstances existing as specified in regulations made for the purposes of this subparagraph. Note 1:   The premises referred to in paragraph   (a) could be vacant land. Note 2:   For subparagraph   (c)(ii), circumstances may be specified by class (see subsection   13(3) of the Legislation Act 2003 ). Note 3:   This subsection does not apply to a supply if certain commercial commitments were in place before 27   January 2011 (see item   12 of Schedule   4 to the Tax Laws Amendment (2011 Measures No.   9) Act 2012 ).   (2C)   A supply of the * residential premises is disregarded as a sale or supply for the purposes of applying paragraph   (1)(a) if it is made because a * property subdivision plan relating to the premises was lodged for registration (however described) by the * recipient of the supply or the recipient’s * associate. Note:   This subsection does not apply to a supply if the plan was lodged for registration before 27   January 2011 (see item   13 of Schedule   4 to the Tax Laws Amendment (2011 Measures No.   9) Act 2012 ). New residential premises include associated land   (3)   To avoid doubt, if the * residential premises are new residential premises because of paragraph   (1)(b) or (c), the new residential premises include land of which the new residential premises are a part. Subdivision   40 ‑ D — Precious metals 40 ‑ 100   Precious metals     A supply of * precious metal is input taxed . Note:   If the supply is the first supply of precious metal after refinement, the supply is GST ‑ free under section   38 ‑ 385. Subdivision   40 ‑ E — School tuckshops and canteens 40 ‑ 130   School tuckshops and canteens   (1)   A supply of * food is input taxed if:   (a)   the supply is made by a non ‑ profit body through a shop operating on the grounds of a * school that supplies * primary courses or * secondary courses; and   (b)   the non ‑ profit body chooses to have all its supplies of food through the shop treated as input taxed.   (2)   However, the non ‑ profit body:   (b)   cannot revoke the choice within 12 months after the day on which the non ‑ profit body made the choice; and   (c)   cannot make a further choice within 12 months after the day on which the non ‑ profit body revoked a previous choice.   (3)   This section does not apply to a supply of * food by a * school to boarding students of the school as part of their board. Subdivision   40 ‑ F — Fund ‑ raising events conducted by charities etc. 40 ‑ 160   Fund ‑ raising events conducted by charities etc.   (1)   A supply is input taxed if:   (a)   the supplier is an * endorsed charity, a * gift ‑ deductible entity or a * government school; and   (b)   the supply is made in connection with a * fund ‑ raising event; and   (c)   the supplier chooses to have all supplies that it makes in connection with the event treated as input taxed; and   (d)   the event is referred to in the supplier’s records as an event that is treated as input taxed.   (3)   Subsection   (1) does not apply to a supply by a * gift ‑ deductible entity endorsed as a deductible gift recipient (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under section   30 ‑ 120 of the ITAA 1997, unless:   (a)   the supplier is:   (i)   an * endorsed charity; or   (ii)   a * government school; or   (iii)   a fund, authority or institution of a kind referred to in paragraph   30 ‑ 125(1)(b) of the ITAA 1997; or   (b)   each purpose to which the supply relates is a * gift ‑ deductible purpose of the supplier. Note:   This subsection denies input taxed status under this section to supplies by certain (but not all) gift ‑ deductible entities that are only endorsed for the operation of a fund, authority or institution. However, supplies can be input taxed under this section if they relate to the principal purpose of the fund, authority or institution. 40 ‑ 165   Meaning of fund ‑ raising event   (1)   Any of these is a fund ‑ raising event if it is conducted for the purpose of fund ‑ raising and it does not form any part of a series or regular run of like or similar events:   (a)   a fete, ball, gala show, dinner, performance or similar event;   (b)   an event comprising sales of goods if:   (i)   each sale is for a * consideration that does not exceed $20 or such other amount as the regulations specify; and   (ii)   selling such goods is not a normal part of the supplier’s * business;   (c)   an event that the Commissioner decides, on an application by the supplier in writing, to be a fund ‑ raising event. Note:   Refusing an application for a decision under this paragraph is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   Paragraph   (1)(b) does not apply to an event that involves the sale of alcoholic beverages or tobacco products.   (3)   The Commissioner must not make a decision under paragraph   (1)(c) unless satisfied that:   (a)   the supplier is not in the * business of conducting such events; and   (b)   the proceeds from conducting the event are for the direct benefit of the supplier’s charitable or non ‑ profit purposes.   (4)   The Commissioner may determine, in writing, the frequency with which events may be held without forming any part of a series or regular run of like or similar events for the purposes of subsection   (1). Subdivision   40 ‑ G — Inbound intangible consumer supplies 40 ‑ 180   Inbound intangible consumer supplies   (1)   An * inbound intangible consumer supply is input taxed if:   (a)   it is made by a * non ‑ resident; and   (b)   it is covered by a determination under subsection   (2).   (2)   The Minister may, by legislative instrument, determine that a specified class of * inbound intangible consumer supplies are input taxed.   (3)   However, the Minister must not make the determination unless:   (a)   the * Foreign Minister has advised the Minister in writing that the treatment of the class of supplies under the * GST law would, apart from the determination, be inconsistent with Australia’s international obligations; and   (b)   the Minister is satisfied that similar supplies made by * Australian residents would be input taxed. Part   3 ‑ 2 — Non ‑ taxable importations Division   42 — Non ‑ taxable importations 42 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division sets out the importations that are non ‑ taxable. No GST is payable on an importation that is non ‑ taxable (see sections   7 ‑ 1 and 13 ‑ 5). For the basic rules about non ‑ taxable importations, see sections   13 ‑ 10 and 13 ‑ 25. 42 ‑ 5   Non ‑ taxable importations—Schedule   4 to the Customs Tariff Act 1995   (1)   An importation of goods is a non ‑ taxable importation if the goods are covered by item   4, 10, 11, 15, 18, 21, 21A, 23, 24, 25, 26 or 27 in Schedule   4 to the Customs Tariff Act 1995 .   (1A)   An importation of a container is a non ‑ taxable importation if:   (a)   goods covered by item   22 in Schedule   4 to the Customs Tariff Act 1995 are imported in or on the container; and   (b)   the container will be exported from the indirect tax zone without being put to any other use.   (1C)   An importation of goods is a non ‑ taxable importation if the goods are covered by:   (a)   item   1, 3, 7, 12, 13 or 29 in Schedule   4 to the Customs Tariff Act 1995 ; and   (b)   regulations made for the purposes of this subsection.   (2)   To avoid doubt, a reference to goods that are covered by an item in Schedule   4 to the Customs Tariff Act 1995 includes a reference to goods to which that item would apply apart from the operation of subsection   18(1) of that Act. 42 ‑ 10   Goods returned to the indirect tax zone in an unaltered condition   (1)   An importation of goods is a non ‑ taxable importation if:   (a)   the goods were exported from the indirect tax zone and are returned to the indirect tax zone, without having been subject to any treatment, industrial processing, repair, renovation, alteration or any other process since their export; and   (b)   the importer was not entitled to, and did not claim, a payment under Division   168 (about the tourist refund scheme) related to the export of the goods; and   (c)   the importer:   (i)   is the manufacturer of the goods; or   (ii)   has previously acquired the goods, and the supply by means of which the importer acquired the goods was a * taxable supply (or would have been a taxable supply but for section   66 ‑ 45); or   (iii)   has previously imported the goods, and the previous importation was a * taxable importation in respect of which the GST was paid.   (2)   An importation of goods is a non ‑ taxable importation if:   (a)   the importer had manufactured, acquired or imported the goods before 1   July 2000; and   (b)   the goods were exported from the indirect tax zone before, on or after 1   July 2000; and   (c)   the goods are returned to the indirect tax zone on or after 1   July 2000, without having been subject to any treatment, industrial processing, repair, renovation, alteration or any other process since their export; and   (d)   the importer was not entitled to, and did not claim, a payment under Division   168 (about the tourist refund scheme) related to the export of the goods; and   (e)   the ownership of the goods when they are returned to the indirect tax zone is the same as their ownership on 1   July 2000. Note:   An importation covered by this section may also be duty ‑ free under item   17 of Schedule   4 to the Customs Tariff Act 1995 . 42 ‑ 15   Supplies of low value goods   (1)   An importation of goods is a non ‑ taxable importation to the extent that a supply of the goods was a * supplier ‑ taxed offshore supply of low value goods. Note 1:   Under Subdivision   84 ‑ C, offshore supplies of low value goods may be treated as connected with the indirect tax zone (this is not the case if the supplier reasonably believes there will be a taxable importation: see section   84 ‑ 83). Note 2:   There are limits on refunds of excess GST paid as a result of the incorrect treatment of the supply as a taxable supply, if this section has been treated as applying: see section   142 ‑ 16.   (2)   However, this section does not apply unless the * Comptroller ‑ General of Customs is notified that the supply was a * taxable supply at or before the time by which the * taxable importation would (apart from this section) have been made.   (3)   The notice must be given, in the * approved form, by or on behalf of the importer of the goods. Chapter   4 — The special rules   Division   45 — Introduction 45 ‑ 1   What this Chapter is about This Chapter sets out the special rules for the GST. The special rules apply only in particular circumstances, and are generally quite limited in their scope. The special rules modify the application of the basic rules for the GST in Chapter   2. Note 1:   The special rules that modify each group of basic rules in Chapter   2 are specifically identified in tables located at the end of the Divisions and Subdivisions in Chapter   2. In addition, a checklist of special rules is set out in Part   2 ‑ 8. Note 2:   This section is an explanatory section. 45 ‑ 5   The effect of special rules     The provisions of this Chapter override the provisions of Chapter   2 (except section   29 ‑ 25), but only to the extent of any inconsistency. Part   4 ‑ 1 — Special rules mainly about particular ways entities are organised Note:   The special rules in this Part mainly modify the operation of Part   2 ‑ 2 so far as that Part deals with liability for GST and entitlement to input tax credits, but the special rules also affect other aspects of Part   2 ‑ 2 and the other Parts of Chapter   2. Division   48 — GST groups Table of Subdivisions 48 ‑ A   Formation and membership of GST groups 48 ‑ B   Consequences of GST groups 48 ‑ C   Administrative matters 48 ‑ D   Ceasing to be a member of a GST group 48 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Companies within a 90% owned group, and in some cases other entities (such as non ‑ profit bodies), can form a GST group. One member of the group then deals with all the GST liabilities and entitlements (except for GST on most taxable importations) of the group, and (in most cases) intra ‑ group transactions are excluded from the GST. Note:   Provisions for members of GST groups apply for the wine equalisation tax (see Subdivision   21 ‑ B of the Wine Tax Act) and the luxury car tax (see Subdivision   16 ‑ A of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 ). Subdivision   48 ‑ A — Formation and membership of GST groups 48 ‑ 5   Formation of GST groups   (1)   Two or more entities may form a * GST group if:   (a)   each of the entities * satisfies the membership requirements of the group; and   (b)   each of the entities agrees in writing to the formation of the group; and   (c)   one of those entities notifies the Commissioner, in the * approved form, of the formation of the group; and   (d)   that entity is nominated, in that notice, to be the * representative member of the group; and   (e)   that entity is an * Australian resident. A group of entities that is so formed is a GST group .   (2)   If 2 or more entities would * satisfy the membership requirements for the * GST group, the group need not include all those entities.   (3)   The formation of the * GST group takes effect from the start of the day specified in the notice under paragraph   (1)(c) (whether that day is before, on or after the day on which the entities decided to form the group).   (4)   However, if the notice was given to the Commissioner after the day by which the entity nominated to be the * representative member of the group is required to give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period in which the day specified in the notice occurs, the formation of the * GST group takes effect from the start of:   (a)   the day specified in the notice, if that day is approved by the Commissioner under section   48 ‑ 71; and   (b)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply—such other day as the Commissioner approves under that section. 48 ‑ 7   Membership of GST groups   (1)   A member of a * GST group is an entity that:   (a)   formed the group under section   48 ‑ 5, or was added to the group under section   48 ‑ 70; and   (b)   * satisfies the membership requirements of the group.   (2)   However, the entity is not a member of the * GST group if the entity has, since the last time the entity became such a member:   (a)   left, or been removed from, the group under section   48 ‑ 70; or   (b)   ceased to * satisfy the membership requirements of the group.   (3)   The * representative member of a * GST group must notify the Commissioner, in the * approved form, if a * member of the group no longer * satisfies the membership requirements for the GST group.   (4)   The notice must be given within 21 days after the * member no longer * satisfies the membership requirements for the * GST group. Note:   Section   286 ‑ 75 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 provides an administrative penalty for breach of this subsection. 48 ‑ 10   Membership requirements of a GST group   (1)   An entity satisfies the membership requirements of a * GST group, or a proposed GST group, if the entity:   (a)   is:   (i)   a * company; or   (ii)   a * partnership, trust or individual that satisfies the requirements specified in the regulations; and   (b)   is, if the entity is a company, a company of the same * 90% owned group as all the other members of the GST group or proposed GST group that are also companies; and   (c)   is * registered; and   (d)   has the same tax periods applying to it as the tax periods applying to all the other members of the GST group or proposed GST group; and   (e)   accounts on the same basis as all the other members of the GST group or proposed GST group; and   (f)   is not a member of any other GST group; and   (g)   does not have any branch that is registered under Division   54.   (2)   Paragraph   (1)(b) does not apply if:   (a)   the entity is a non ‑ profit body; and   (b)   all the other members of the GST group or proposed GST group are non ‑ profit bodies; and   (c)   the entity and all those other members are members of the same * non ‑ profit association. Note 1:   For the membership requirements of non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities, see section   63 ‑ 50. Note 2:   For the membership requirements of a GST group of government related entities, see section   149 ‑ 25.   (2A)   Paragraph   (1)(d) does not apply in relation to a tax period that the Commissioner has determined under section   27 ‑ 30 if the tax period:   (a)   ends at the same time as a tax period (a corresponding tax period ) of each of the other * members of the * GST group; and   (b)   is not longer than any corresponding tax period (other than a tax period that the Commissioner has determined under section   27 ‑ 30).   (3)   A * company does not satisfy the membership requirements of a * GST group, or a proposed GST group, if:   (a)   one or more other members of the GST group or proposed GST group are not companies; and   (b)   none of the members of the GST group or proposed GST group that are companies satisfy section   48 ‑ 15. 48 ‑ 15   Relationship of companies and non ‑ companies in a GST group   (1)   A * company that is a member of a * GST group, or a proposed GST group, satisfies this section if:   (a)   a * partnership, trust or individual that is a member of the GST group or proposed GST group would, if it were another company, have * at least a 90% stake in that company; or   (b)   the company has only one member, and that member:   (i)   is a partner in a partnership that is a member of the GST group or proposed GST group; or   (ii)   is an individual that is a member of the GST group or proposed GST group; or   (iii)   is a * family member of that partner or individual; or   (c)   the company has more than one member, each of whom is:   (i)   a partner in the same partnership that is a member of the GST group or proposed GST group; or   (ii)   a family member of any such partner;     and one of the following applies:   (iii)   at least 2 of the partners are members of the company;   (iv)   one of the partners is a member of the company, and at least one other member of the company is a family member of a different partner;   (v)   none of the partners is a member of the company, and the members of the company are not all family members of the same partner and no other partner; or   (d)   the company has more than one member, each of whom is:   (i)   an individual who is a member of the GST group or proposed GST group; or   (ii)   a family member of that individual; or   (e)   a trust is a member of the GST group or proposed GST group, and distributions of income or capital of the trust are not made except to an entity that is:   (i)   the company; or   (ii)   any other company that is a member of the GST group or proposed GST group; or   (iia)   a member of, or a family member of a member of, any company referred to in subparagraph   (i) or (ii) that is a company to which subsection   (1A) applies; or   (iii)   an * endorsed charity or a * gift ‑ deductible entity.   (1A)   This subsection applies to a company if:   (a)   the company has only one member; or   (b)   the company has more than one member, and:   (i)   at least 2 of the members are beneficiaries of the trust in question (either directly, or indirectly through one or more interposed trusts); or   (ii)   one of the members is such a beneficiary, and at least one other such beneficiary is a * family member of a different member of the company; or   (iii)   none of the members is such a beneficiary, and those family members (of the members of the company) who are such beneficiaries are not all family members of the same member of the company and no other member.   (2)   A person is a family member of an individual if the individual’s family, within the meaning of section   272 ‑ 95 in Schedule   2F to the * ITAA 1936, includes that person. There are no family members of an entity that is not an individual. Subdivision   48 ‑ B — Consequences of GST groups 48 ‑ 40   Who is liable for GST   (1)   GST that is payable on any * taxable supply an entity makes and that is attributable to a tax period during which the entity is a * member of a * GST group:   (a)   is payable by the * representative member; and   (b)   is not payable by the entity that made it (unless the entity is the representative member). Note:   However, each member may be jointly and severally liable to pay the GST that is payable by the representative member (see section   444 ‑ 90 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (1A)   GST that is payable on any * taxable importation an entity makes while the entity is a * member of a * GST group:   (a)   is payable by the * representative member; and   (b)   is not payable by the member that made it (unless the member is the representative member). Note:   However, each member may be jointly and severally liable to pay the GST that is payable by the representative member (see section   444 ‑ 90 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   However:   (a)   a supply that an entity makes to another * member of the same * GST group is treated as if it were not a * taxable supply, unless:   (i)   it is a taxable supply because of section   84 ‑ 5 (which is about offshore supplies); or   (ii)   the entity is a participant in a * GST joint venture and acquired the thing supplied from the * joint venture operator for the joint venture; and   (b)   this section only applies to GST payable on a * taxable importation made, by a member of the GST group other than the * representative member, if the GST on the importation is payable at a time when GST on * taxable supplies is normally payable by the representative member.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   9 ‑ 40 and 13 ‑ 15 (which are about liability for GST). 48 ‑ 45   Who is entitled to input tax credits   (1)   If an entity makes a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation the input tax credit for which is attributable to a tax period during which the entity is a * member of a * GST group:   (a)   the * representative member is entitled to the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation; and   (b)   the entity making the acquisition or importation is not entitled to the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation (unless the entity is the representative member).   (2)   In deciding, for the purposes of subsection   (1), whether an acquisition or importation by an entity is a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation, the acquisition or importation is treated as being solely or partly for a * creditable purpose if, and only if, it would be so treated if:   (a)   the GST group were treated as a single entity; and   (b)   the GST group were not treated as a number of entities corresponding to the members of the GST group.   (3)   However, an acquisition that an entity makes from another * member of the same * GST group is not a * creditable acquisition unless the supply of the thing acquired by the entity was a * taxable supply because of section   84 ‑ 5 (which is about offshore supplies).   (4)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 5 and 15 ‑ 5 (which are about what are creditable acquisitions and creditable importations), and sections   11 ‑ 20 and 15 ‑ 15 (which are about who is entitled to input tax credits). 48 ‑ 50   Adjustments   (1)   Any * adjustment that an entity has and that is attributable to a tax period during which the entity is a * member of a * GST group is to be treated as if:   (a)   the entity did not have the adjustment (unless the entity is the * representative member); and   (b)   the representative member had the adjustment.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   17 ‑ 10 (which is about the effect of adjustments on net amounts). 48 ‑ 51   Consequences of being a member of a GST group for part of a tax period   (1)   If you are a * member of a * GST group only for one or more parts of a tax period:   (a)   section   48 ‑ 40 does not apply to the GST payable on a * taxable supply that you make, to the extent that the GST would be attributable to a period to which subsection   (2) applies if it were a tax period applying to you; and   (b)   section   48 ‑ 40 does not apply to the GST payable on a * taxable importation that you make during a period to which subsection   (2) applies; and   (c)   section   48 ‑ 45 does not apply to the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation that you make, to the extent that the input tax credit would be attributable to a period to which subsection   (2) applies if it were a tax period applying to you; and   (d)   section   48 ‑ 50 does not apply to an * adjustment that you have that would be attributable to a period to which subsection   (2) applies if it were a tax period applying to you.   (2)   This section applies to any period, during the tax period, during which you were not a * member of that * GST group or any other GST group. 48 ‑ 52   Consequences for a representative member of membership change during a tax period   (1)   If an entity is a * member of a * GST group, of which you are the * representative member, only for one or more parts of a tax period:   (a)   section   48 ‑ 40 only applies to the GST payable on a * taxable supply that the entity makes, to the extent that the GST would be attributable to a period to which subsection   (2) applies if it were a tax period applying to the entity; and   (b)   section   48 ‑ 40 only applies to the GST payable on a * taxable importation that the entity makes during a period to which subsection   (2) applies; and   (c)   section   48 ‑ 45 only applies to the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation that the entity makes, to the extent that the input tax credit would be attributable to a period to which subsection   (2) applies if it were a tax period applying to the entity; and   (d)   section   48 ‑ 50 only applies to an * adjustment that the entity has that would be attributable to a period to which subsection   (2) applies if it were a tax period applying to the entity.   (2)   This section applies to any period, during the tax period, during which the entity was a * member of the * GST group of which you are the * representative member.   (3)   However, if you are the * representative member of the * GST group only for one or more parts of the tax period, this section has effect subject to section   48 ‑ 53.   (4)   If an entity is a * member of different * GST groups during the same tax period, subsections   (1) and (2) apply separately in relation to each of those groups. 48 ‑ 53   Consequences of changing a representative member during a tax period   (1)   If you are the * representative member of a * GST group only for one or more parts of a tax period, then, in relation to your capacity as the representative member:   (a)   section   48 ‑ 40 only applies to the GST payable on a * taxable supply that an entity makes, to the extent that the GST would be attributable to a period to which subsection   (2) applies if it were a tax period applying to you; and   (b)   section   48 ‑ 40 only applies to the GST payable on a * taxable importation that an entity makes during a period to which subsection   (2) applies; and   (c)   section   48 ‑ 45 only applies to the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation that an entity makes, to the extent that the input tax credit would be attributable to a period to which subsection   (2) applies if it were a tax period applying to you; and   (d)   section   48 ‑ 50 only applies to an * adjustment that an entity has that would be attributable to a period to which subsection   (2) applies if it were a tax period applying to you.   (2)   This section applies to any period, during the tax period, during which you were the * representative member of the * GST group. 48 ‑ 55   GST groups treated as single entities for certain purposes   (1)   Despite sections   48 ‑ 45 and 48 ‑ 50, a * GST group is treated as a single entity, and not as a number of entities corresponding to the * members of the GST group, for the purposes of working out:   (a)   the amounts of any input tax credits to which the * representative member is entitled; and   (b)   whether the representative member has any * adjustments; and   (c)   the amounts of any such adjustments.   (1A)   If:   (a)   while you were not a * member of any * GST group, you acquired or imported a thing; and   (b)   you become a member of a GST group at a time when you still hold the thing; then, when the * representative member of the GST group applies section   129 ‑ 40 for the first time after you became a member of the GST group, the * intended or former application of the thing is the extent of * creditable purpose last used to work out:   (c)   the amount of the input tax credit to which you were entitled for the acquisition or importation; or   (d)   the amount of any * adjustment you had under Division   129 in relation to the thing; as the case requires.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 25 (which is about the amount of input tax credits) and section   17 ‑ 10 (which is about the effect of adjustments on net amounts). 48 ‑ 57   Tax invoices that are required to identify recipients   (1)   A document issued for a supply is taken to be a tax invoice if:   (a)   it would not, but for this section, be a tax invoice because it does not contain enough information to enable the identity, or the * ABN, of the * recipient of the supply to be clearly ascertained; and   (b)   there is no other reason why it would not be a tax invoice; and   (c)   the * representative member of a * GST group is entitled under section   48 ‑ 45 to an input tax credit for the * creditable acquisition relating to the supply; and   (d)   the document contains enough information to enable the identity of at least one of the following to be clearly ascertained:   (i)   the GST group;   (ii)   the representative member;   (iii)   another entity that is or was a * member of the GST group, if the representative member would still have been entitled under section   48 ‑ 45 to that input tax credit if that other entity had been the recipient of the supply. Note:   Subparagraph   (d)(iii) ensures that a member of the GST group identified in the document was a member of the group at the relevant time for the supply in question.   (2)   However, any obligation that the supplier of a * taxable supply has under subsection   29 ‑ 70(2) is an obligation to give to the * recipient of the supply a document that would be a * tax invoice for the supply even if subsection   (1) of this section had not been enacted. Note:   This subsection ensures that a recipient’s entitlement to a tax invoice, including (if subparagraph   29 ‑ 70(1)(c)(ii) requires it) an entitlement to a tax invoice that enables the recipient’s identity or the recipient’s ABN to be clearly ascertained, is unaffected by this section.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 70 (which is about tax invoices). 48 ‑ 60   GST returns   (1)   If you are a * member of a * GST group during the whole of a tax period, you are not required to give to the Commissioner a * GST return for that tax period, unless you are the * representative member of the group during that period. Note:   If you were not a member of a GST group during the whole of a tax period, you are still obliged to give a GST return for the tax period, and (because of section   48 ‑ 51) your net amount for the tax period will take into account your liabilities and entitlements relating to the one or more parts of the tax period during which you were not a member.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   31 ‑ 5 (which is about who must give GST returns). Subdivision   48 ‑ C — Administrative matters 48 ‑ 70   Changing the membership etc. of GST groups   (1)   The following actions may be taken, in accordance with subsection   (2), in relation to a * GST group:   (a)   the * representative member of the group may, with the written agreement of an entity that * satisfies the membership requirements of the GST group, add the entity to the group;   (b)   the representative member may leave the group; or   (c)   another * member of the group, nominated by the members, who is an * Australian resident may become the new representative member; or   (d)   the representative member may remove from the group any other member of the group; or   (e)   if a member of the group is an * incapacitated entity—the entity’s * representative may remove the entity from the group; or   (f)   the representative member may dissolve the group.   (2)   The action is to be taken by notice given to the Commissioner, in the * approved form, by:   (a)   if paragraph   (1)(a), (d) or (f) applies—the * representative member; or   (b)   if paragraph   (1)(b) or (c) applies—the new representative member of the group; or   (c)   if paragraph   (1)(e) applies—the * representative of the * incapacitated entity.   (3)   The action takes effect from the start of the day specified in the notice (whether that day is before, on or after the day on which the notice was given to the Commissioner).   (4)   However, if the notice was given to the Commissioner after the day by which the * representative member of the group, or the entity nominated to be the new representative member of the group, is required to give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period in which the day specified in the notice occurs, the action takes effect from the start of:   (a)   the day specified in the notice, if that day is approved by the Commissioner under section   48 ‑ 71; and   (b)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply—such other day as the Commissioner approves under that section.   (5)   Despite subsections   (3) and (4), action taken under paragraph   (1)(e) cannot take effect earlier than the day on which the * member of the group became an * incapacitated entity.   (6)   A * GST group is taken to be dissolved if:   (a)   a * member of the group ceases to be the * representative member of the group; and   (b)   no other member of the group becomes the representative member of the group, with effect from the day after the previous representative member ceased to be the representative member of the group.   (7)   A notice that another * member of the * GST group has become the * representative member of the group must be given to the Commissioner within 21 days after the other member became the representative member. Note:   Section   286 ‑ 75 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 provides an administrative penalty for breach of this subsection. 48 ‑ 71   Approval of early day of effect of forming, changing etc. GST groups   (1)   If an entity that gives a notice to the Commissioner under paragraph   48 ‑ 5(1)(c) or subsection   48 ‑ 70(2) applies, in the * approved form, to the Commissioner for approval of a day specified in the notice, the Commissioner must:   (a)   approve, for the purposes of subsection   48 ‑ 5(4) or 48 ‑ 70(4), the day specified in the notice; or   (b)   approve another day for those purposes. Note:   Approving another day under paragraph   (b) is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner may revoke an approval given under subsection   (1) if the Commissioner is satisfied that the day approved is not appropriate. Note:   Revoking an approval under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (3)   The Commissioner must give notice, to the entity referred to in subsection   (1), of any decision that he or she makes under this section. 48 ‑ 73   Tax periods of GST groups with incapacitated members   (1)   If a * member of a * GST group becomes an * incapacitated entity, the * representative member of that group may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, elect for the tax period that applies at the time to the members of the group to end at the same time as the incapacitated entity’s tax period ends under subsection   27 ‑ 39(1). Note 1:   Section   31 ‑ 10 provides for when a GST return must be given to the Commissioner for a tax period other than a quarterly tax period. Note 2:   If the representative member does not make an election under this section when a member of the group becomes an incapacitated entity, the member’s membership of the group may cease if, because of section   27 ‑ 39, the tax periods applying to it are not the same as those applying to the other members of the group.   (1A)   If an entity ceases to be the * representative member of a * GST group as a result of becoming an * incapacitated entity, the entity may make an election under subsection   (1), in relation to becoming an incapacitated entity, as if the entity were still the representative member of the group.   (1B)   A notice under subsection   (1) must be given to the Commissioner within 21 days after the * member becomes an * incapacitated entity.   (2)   If a tax period (the first tax period ) ends on a particular day because of subsection   (1), the next tax period starts on the day after that day and ends when the first tax period would have ended but for that subsection.   (3)   This section has effect despite Division   27 (which is about how to work out the tax periods that apply). 48 ‑ 75   Effect of representative member becoming an incapacitated entity   (1)   If:   (a)   the * representative member of a * GST group becomes an * incapacitated entity; and   (b)   the representative member does not cease to be a * member of the group; the representative member ceases to be the representative member of the group unless all the other * members of the group are incapacitated entities.   (2)   Subsection   (1) does not apply for the purposes of the representative member making an election under subsection   48 ‑ 73(1) relating to the representative member.   (3)   The * representative member of a * GST group ceases to be the representative member of the group if:   (a)   all the * members of the group are * incapacitated entities; and   (b)   a member of the group who is not the representative member ceases to be an incapacitated entity. Subdivision   48 ‑ D — Ceasing to be a member of a GST group 48 ‑ 110   Adjustments after you cease to be a member of a GST group   (1)   If you cease to be a member of a GST group (the first GST group ), any * adjustment that arises afterwards in relation to a supply, acquisition or importation that you made while a * member of the first GST group (other than a supply to, or an acquisition from, another member of that group):   (a)   is an adjustment that you have; and   (b)   is not an adjustment of the entity that is or was the * representative member of the first GST group (unless you were that representative member).   (2)   In relation to the first GST group, this section has effect despite section   48 ‑ 50 (which is about who has adjustments for a GST group). 48 ‑ 115   Changes in extent of creditable purpose after you cease to be a member of a GST group   (1)   If:   (a)   either:   (i)   while you were a * member of a * GST group (the first GST group ), you acquired a thing (other than from another member of that group) or imported a thing; or   (ii)   you acquired or imported a thing while you were not a member of any GST group, and you subsequently became a member of a GST group (the first GST group ) while you still held the thing; and   (b)   you cease to be a member of the first GST group; then, when applying section   129 ‑ 40 for the first time after that cessation, the * intended or former application of the thing is the extent of * creditable purpose last used to work out:   (c)   the amount of the input tax credit to which you or the * representative member was entitled for the acquisition or importation; or   (d)   the amount of any * adjustment you or the representative member had under Division   129 in relation to the thing.   (2)   If:   (a)   while you were a * member of a * GST group (the first GST group ), you acquired a thing (other than from another member of that group) or imported a thing; and   (b)   you have ceased to be a member of the first GST group; and   (c)   you have an * adjustment under Division   129 in relation to the thing, or the * representative member of another GST group of which you are a * member has that adjustment; then, for the purposes of working out the full input tax credit in section   129 ‑ 70 or 129 ‑ 75, you are taken not to have been a member of a GST group when you acquired or imported the thing. Division   49 — GST religious groups Table of Subdivisions 49 ‑ A   Approval of GST religious groups 49 ‑ B   Consequences of approval of GST religious groups 49 ‑ C   Administrative matters 49 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Some registered charitable bodies can be approved as a GST religious group. Transactions between members of the group are then excluded from the GST. Subdivision   49 ‑ A — Approval of GST religious groups 49 ‑ 5   Approval of GST religious groups     The Commissioner must approve 2 or more entities as a * GST religious group if:   (a)   the entities jointly apply, in the * approved form, for approval as a GST religious group; and   (b)   each of the entities * satisfies the membership requirements for that GST religious group; and   (c)   the application nominates one of the entities to be the * principal member for the group; and   (d)   the entity so nominated is an * Australian resident. A group of entities that is so approved is a GST religious group . Note:   Refusing an application for approval under this section is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 49 ‑ 10   Membership requirements of a GST religious group     An entity satisfies the membership requirements of a * GST religious group, or a proposed GST religious group, if:   (a)   the entity is * registered; and   (b)   the entity is endorsed as exempt from income tax under Subdivision   50 ‑ B of the * ITAA 1997; and   (c)   all the other members of the GST religious group or proposed GST religious group are so endorsed; and   (d)   the entity and all those other members are part of the same religious organisation; and   (e)   the entity is not a member of any other GST religious group. Subdivision   49 ‑ B — Consequences of approval of GST religious groups 49 ‑ 30   Supplies between members of GST religious groups   (1)   A supply that a * member of a * GST religious group makes to another member of the same GST religious group is treated as if it were not a * taxable supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 49 ‑ 35   Acquisitions between members of GST religious groups   (1)   An acquisition that a * member of a * GST religious group makes from another member of the same GST religious group is treated as if it were not a * creditable acquisition.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what are creditable acquisitions). 49 ‑ 40   Adjustment events   (1)   An * adjustment event cannot arise in relation to:   (a)   a supply that a * member of a * GST religious group makes to another member of the same GST religious group; or   (b)   an acquisition that a member of a GST religious group makes from another member of the same GST religious group.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   19 ‑ 10 (which is about what are adjustment events). 49 ‑ 45   Changes in the extent of creditable purpose   (1)   An * adjustment cannot arise under Division   129 in relation to an acquisition that a * member of a * GST religious group makes from another member of the same GST religious group.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   129 ‑ 5 (which is about when adjustments can arise under Division   129). 49 ‑ 50   GST religious groups treated as single entities for certain purposes   (1)   Despite sections   49 ‑ 35, 49 ‑ 40 and 49 ‑ 45, a * GST religious group is treated as a single entity, and not as a number of entities corresponding to the * members of the GST religious group, for the purposes of working out:   (a)   whether acquisitions or importations by a member are for a * creditable purpose; and   (b)   the amounts of any input tax credits to which the member is entitled; and   (c)   whether the member has any * adjustments; and   (d)   the amounts of any such adjustments.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 25 (which is about the amount of input tax credits) and section   17 ‑ 10 (which is about the effect of adjustments on net amounts). Subdivision   49 ‑ C — Administrative matters 49 ‑ 70   Changing the membership etc. of GST religious groups Changes made on application   (1)   The Commissioner must, if the * principal member of a * GST religious group applies to the Commissioner in the * approved form, do one or more of these (as requested in the application):   (a)   approve, as an additional * member of the GST religious group, another entity that * satisfies the membership requirements for the GST religious group;   (b)   revoke the approval of one of the members of the GST religious group as a member of the group;   (c)   approve another member of the GST religious group to replace the applicant as the principal member of the group. Note:   Refusing an application for approval or revocation under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). Changes made without application   (2)   The Commissioner must revoke the approval of one of the * members of a * GST religious group if satisfied that the member does not * satisfy the membership requirements for the GST religious group. Note:   Revoking under this subsection an approval under this Division is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 49 ‑ 75   Revoking the approval of GST religious groups Revoking on application   (1)   The Commissioner must, if the principal member of a * GST religious group applies to the Commissioner in the * approved form, revoke the approval of the group as a GST religious group. Note:   Refusing an application for revocation under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). Revoking without application   (2)   The Commissioner must revoke the approval of the * GST religious group if satisfied that none of its members, or only one of its members, * satisfies the membership requirements for that GST religious group. Note:   Revoking under this subsection the approval of a GST group is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 49 ‑ 80   Notification by principal members     The principal member of a * GST religious group must notify the Commissioner of any circumstances under which the Commissioner must:   (a)   revoke the approval of one of the * members of the group under subsection   49 ‑ 70(2); or   (b)   revoke the approval of the group under subsection   49 ‑ 75(2). The notification may (in appropriate cases) be in the form of an application under subsection   49 ‑ 70(1) or 49 ‑ 75(1). The notification, or application, must be given to the Commissioner within 21 days after the circumstances occurred. 49 ‑ 85   Date of effect of approvals and revocations   (1)   The Commissioner must decide the date of effect of any approval, or any revocation of an approval, under this Division.   (2)   The date of effect may be the day of the decision, or a day before or after that day. However, it must be a day on which, for all the * members of the * GST religious group in question, a tax period begins. Note:   Deciding under this section the date of effect of any approval, or any revocation of an approval, under this Division is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 49 ‑ 90   Notification by the Commissioner     The Commissioner must give notice of any decision that he or she makes under this Division:   (a)   if the decision relates to the approval of 2 or more entities as a * GST religious group—to the entity nominated in the application for approval to be the * principal member of the group; or   (b)   otherwise—to the principal member of the * GST religious group to which the decision relates. Division   50 — GST treatment of religious practitioners Guide to Division   50 50 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Activities of a religious practitioner done in pursuit of his or her vocation as a religious practitioner and as a member of a religious institution will be treated as activities done by the religious institution, unless the religious practitioner is acting as an employee or agent. Table of sections 50 ‑ 5   GST treatment of religious practitioners 50 ‑ 5   GST treatment of religious practitioners     If a * religious practitioner:   (a)   does an activity, or a series of activities:   (i)   in pursuit of his or her vocation as a religious practitioner; and   (ii)   as a member of a religious institution; and   (b)   does not do the activity, or series of activities, as an employee or agent of the religious institution or another entity; the * GST law applies as if the activity, or series of activities, had been done by the religious institution and not by the religious practitioner. Note:   This will mean that such an activity will be an enterprise of the religious institution under subsection   9 ‑ 20(1) and not an enterprise of the religious practitioner. Division   51 — GST joint ventures Table of Subdivisions 51 ‑ A   Formation of and participation in GST joint ventures 51 ‑ B   Consequences of GST joint ventures 51 ‑ C   Administrative matters 51 ‑ D   Ceasing to be a participant in, or an operator of, a GST joint venture 51 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Entities engaged in a joint venture can form a GST joint venture. The joint venture operator then deals with the GST liabilities and entitlements arising from the joint venture operator’s dealings on behalf of the participants in the joint venture. Note:   Provisions for participants in GST joint ventures apply for the wine equalisation tax (see Subdivision   21 ‑ C of the Wine Tax Act) and the luxury car tax (see Subdivision   16 ‑ B of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 ). Subdivision   51 ‑ A — Formation of and participation in GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 5   Formation of GST joint ventures   (1)   Two or more entities may become the * participants in a * GST joint venture if:   (a)   the joint venture is a joint venture for the exploration or exploitation of * mineral deposits, or for a purpose specified in the regulations; and   (b)   the joint venture is not a * partnership; and   (d)   each of those entities * satisfies the participation requirements for that GST joint venture; and   (e)   each of those entities agrees in writing to the * formation of the joint venture as a GST joint venture; and   (ea)   one of those entities, or another entity, is nominated, in that agreement, to be the * joint venture operator of the joint venture; and   (eb)   the nominated joint venture operator notifies the Commissioner, in the * approved form, of the formation of the joint venture as a GST joint venture; and   (f)   if the nominated joint venture operator is not a party to the joint venture agreement—the nominated joint venture operator satisfies the requirements of paragraphs 51 ‑ 10(c) and (f). Such a joint venture is a GST joint venture .   (2)   Not all of the entities that are engaged in, or intend to engage in, the joint venture need to become * participants in the * GST joint venture.   (3)   The * formation of the * GST joint venture takes effect from the start of the day specified in the notice under paragraph   (1)(eb) (whether that day is before, on or after the day on which the entities decided to form the joint venture).   (4)   However, if the notice was given to the Commissioner after the day by which the entity nominated to be the * joint venture operator of the * GST joint venture is required to give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period in which the day specified in the notice occurs, the * formation of the GST joint venture takes effect from the start of:   (a)   the day specified in the notice, if that day is approved by the Commissioner under section   51 ‑ 75; and   (b)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply—such other day as the Commissioner approves under that section. 51 ‑ 7   Participants in GST joint ventures   (1)   A participant in a * GST joint venture is an entity that:   (a)   became a participant in the joint venture under section   51 ‑ 5 or was added to the joint venture under section   51 ‑ 70; and   (b)   * satisfies the participation requirements for the joint venture.   (2)   However, the entity is not a participant in the * GST joint venture if the entity has, since the last time the entity became such a participant:   (a)   left, or been removed from, the joint venture under section   51 ‑ 70; or   (b)   ceased to * satisfy the participation requirements for the joint venture.   (3)   The * joint venture operator of a * GST joint venture must notify the Commissioner, in the * approved form, if a * participant in the joint venture no longer * satisfies the participation requirements for the GST joint venture.   (4)   The notice must be given within 21 days after the * participant no longer * satisfies the participation requirements for the * GST joint venture. Note:   Section   286 ‑ 75 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 provides an administrative penalty for breach of this subsection. 51 ‑ 10   Participation requirements of a GST joint venture     An entity satisfies the participation requirements for a * GST joint venture, or a proposed GST joint venture, if the entity:   (a)   participates in, or intends to participate in, the joint venture; and   (b)   is a party to a joint venture agreement with all the other entities participating in, or intending to participate in, the joint venture; and   (c)   is * registered; and   (f)   accounts on the same basis as all those other participants. Subdivision   51 ‑ B — Consequences of GST joint ventures 51 ‑ 30   Who is liable for GST   (1)   GST payable on any * taxable supply or * taxable importation that the * joint venture operator of a * GST joint venture makes, on behalf of another entity that is a * participant in the joint venture, in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into:   (a)   is payable by the joint venture operator; and   (b)   is not payable by the participant. Note:   However, each participant may be jointly and severally liable to pay the GST that is payable by the joint venture operator (see section   444 ‑ 80 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   However, a supply that the * joint venture operator of a * GST joint venture makes is treated as if it were not a * taxable supply if:   (a)   it is made to another entity that is a * participant in the joint venture; and   (b)   the participant acquired the thing supplied for consumption, use or supply in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   9 ‑ 40 and 13 ‑ 15 (which are about liability for GST). 51 ‑ 35   Who is entitled to input tax credits   (1)   If the * joint venture operator of a * GST joint venture makes a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation, on behalf of another entity that is a * participant in the joint venture, in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into:   (a)   the * joint venture operator is entitled to the input tax credit for the acquisition or importation; and   (b)   the participant is not entitled to the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 20 and 15 ‑ 15 (which are about who is entitled to input tax credits). 51 ‑ 40   Adjustments   (1)   Any * adjustment relating to any supply, acquisition or importation that the * joint venture operator of a * GST joint venture makes, on behalf of another entity that is a * participant in the joint venture, in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into is to be treated as if:   (a)   the participant did not have the adjustment; and   (b)   the entity that is the joint venture operator at the time the adjustment arises had the adjustment.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   17 ‑ 10 (which is about the effect of adjustments on net amounts). 51 ‑ 45   Additional net amounts relating to GST joint ventures   (1)   Division   17 applies to the * joint venture operator of a * GST joint venture as if the joint venture operator had an additional * net amount, relating to the joint venture, for each tax period.   (2)   The additional * net amount relating to the joint venture is worked out as if the joint venture operator:   (a)   is only liable for the GST on * taxable supplies that the joint venture operator makes, on behalf of another entity that is a * participant in the joint venture, in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into; and   (b)   is only entitled to the input tax credits for * creditable acquisitions or * creditable importations that the joint venture operator makes on behalf of another entity that is a participant in the joint venture, in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into; and   (c)   only has adjustments relating to supplies, acquisitions or importations that the joint venture operator makes, on behalf of another entity that is a participant in the joint venture, in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into.   (2A)   However, while an election made by the * joint venture operator under section   51 ‑ 52 has effect:   (a)   Division   17 applies to the joint venture operator as if the joint venture operator had an additional * net amount, relating to all the * GST joint ventures for which the joint venture operator is the joint venture operator, for each tax period; and   (b)   that additional net amount is worked out by aggregating what would be the additional * net amounts relating to each GST joint venture under subsection   (2) if that subsection applied.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   17 ‑ 5 and 17 ‑ 10 (which are about net amounts and adjustments). 51 ‑ 50   GST returns relating to GST joint ventures   (1)   The * joint venture operator of a * GST joint venture must, in relation to each * GST joint venture of the joint venture operator, give to the Commissioner a * GST return for each tax period applying to the joint venture operator.   (2)   However, while an election made by the * joint venture operator under section   51 ‑ 52 has effect, the joint venture operator must, in relation to all the * GST joint ventures for which the joint venture operator is the joint venture operator, give to the Commissioner a single * GST return for each tax period applying to the joint venture operator.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   31 ‑ 5 (which is about who must give GST returns). 51 ‑ 52   Consolidation of GST returns relating to GST joint ventures Electing to consolidate GST returns   (1)   The * joint venture operator of 2 or more * GST joint ventures may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, elect to give to the Commissioner consolidated * GST returns relating to all the GST joint ventures of the joint venture operator.   (2)   The election takes effect on the day specified in the notice. However, the day specified must be the first day of a tax period applying to the * joint venture operator that has not already ceased when the notice is given. Withdrawal of elections   (3)   The * joint venture operator may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, withdraw the election.   (4)   The withdrawal takes effect on the day specified in the notice. However, the day specified:   (a)   must be the first day of a tax period applying to the * joint venture operator that has not already ceased when the notice is given; and   (b)   must not be a day occurring earlier than 12 months after the election took effect. Disallowance of elections   (5)   The Commissioner may disallow the election if the Commissioner is satisfied that the * joint venture operator has a history of failing to comply with the joint venture operator’s obligations (either as a joint venture operator or in any other capacity) under a * taxation law. Note:   Disallowing an election is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (6)   The disallowance is taken to have had effect from the start of the tax period in which the disallowance occurs. 51 ‑ 55   Payments of GST relating to GST joint ventures   (1)   If the * assessed net amount relating to one or more * GST joint ventures for a tax period is greater than zero:   (a)   the * joint venture operator of that GST joint venture or those GST joint ventures must pay that assessed net amount to the Commissioner; and   (b)   Division   33 applies to payment of that amount as if it were a payment the joint venture operator was obliged to make under section   33 ‑ 3 or 33 ‑ 5 (as the case requires).   (2)   This section has effect despite Division   33 (which is about payments of GST). 51 ‑ 60   Refunds relating to GST joint ventures     If the * assessed net amount relating to one or more * GST joint ventures for a tax period is less than zero, the Commissioner must, on behalf of the Commonwealth, pay that assessed net amount (expressed as a positive amount) to the * joint venture operator of that GST joint venture or those GST joint ventures. Note 1:   See Division   3A of Part   IIB of the Taxation Administration Act 1953 for the rules about how the Commissioner must pay the operator. Division   3 of Part   IIB allows the Commissioner to apply the amount owing as a credit against tax debts that the operator owes to the Commonwealth. Note 2:   Interest is payable under the Taxation (Interest on Overpayments and Early Payments) Act 1983 if the Commissioner is late in refunding the amount. Subdivision   51 ‑ C — Administrative matters 51 ‑ 70   Changing the participants etc. of GST joint ventures   (1)   The following actions may be taken in relation to a * GST joint venture:   (a)   the * joint venture operator of the joint venture may, with the written agreement of an entity that * satisfies the participation requirements of the GST joint venture, add the entity to the joint venture;   (b)   the joint venture operator may:   (i)   if the joint venture operator is a * participant in the joint venture—leave the joint venture; or   (ii)   remove from the joint venture a participant in the joint venture;   (c)   another entity, nominated by the participants in the joint venture, that satisfies the requirements of paragraphs 51 ‑ 10(c) and (f) may become the joint venture operator;   (d)   the joint venture operator may dissolve the joint venture; by notice given to the Commissioner, in the * approved form, by the joint venture operator, or (if subparagraph   (b)(i) or paragraph   (c) applies) by the new joint venture operator of the joint venture.   (2)   The action takes effect from the start of the day specified in the notice (whether that day is before, on or after the day on which the notice was given to the Commissioner).   (3)   However, if the notice was given to the Commissioner after the day by which the * joint venture operator of the joint venture, or the entity nominated to be the new joint venture operator of the joint venture, is required to give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period in which the day specified in the notice occurs, the action takes effect from the start of:   (a)   the day specified in the notice, if that day is approved by the Commissioner under section   51 ‑ 75; and   (b)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply—such other day as the Commissioner approves under that section.   (4)   A * GST joint venture is taken to be dissolved if:   (a)   an entity ceases to be the * joint venture operator of the joint venture, and no other entity becomes the joint venture operator of the joint venture with effect from the day after the previous joint venture operator ceased to be the joint venture operator; or   (b)   there are no longer 2 or more * participants in the joint venture.   (5)   A notice that another entity has become the * joint venture operator of the * GST joint venture must be given to the Commissioner within 21 days after the other entity became the joint venture operator. Note:   Section   286 ‑ 75 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 provides an administrative penalty for breach of this subsection. 51 ‑ 75   Approval of early day of effect of forming, changing etc. GST joint ventures   (1)   If an entity that gives a notice to the Commissioner under paragraph   51 ‑ 5(1)(eb) or subsection   51 ‑ 70(1) applies, in the * approved form, to the Commissioner for approval of a day specified in the notice, the Commissioner must:   (a)   approve, for the purposes of subsection   51 ‑ 5(4) or 51 ‑ 70(3), the day specified in the notice; or   (b)   approve another day for those purposes. Note:   Approving another day under paragraph   (b) is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner may revoke an approval given under subsection   (1) if the Commissioner is satisfied that the day approved is not appropriate. Note:   Revoking an approval under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (3)   The Commissioner must give notice, to the entity referred to in subsection   (1), of any decision that he or she makes under this section. Subdivision   51 ‑ D — Ceasing to be a participant in, or an operator of, a GST joint venture 51 ‑ 110   Adjustments after you cease to be a participant in a GST joint venture   (1)   If you cease to be a participant in a GST joint venture, any * adjustment that arises afterwards in relation to a supply, acquisition or importation that the * joint venture operator made on your behalf in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into (other than a supply covered by subsection   51 ‑ 30(2)):   (a)   is an adjustment that you have; and   (b)   is not an adjustment of the entity that is or was the joint venture operator.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   51 ‑ 40 (which is about who has adjustments for a GST joint venture). 51 ‑ 115   Changes in extent of creditable purpose after you cease to be a member of a GST joint venture   (1)   If:   (a)   while you were a * participant in a * GST joint venture, you acquired or imported a thing by the joint venture operator acquiring or importing it on your behalf; and   (b)   you cease to be a participant in the GST joint venture; then, when applying section   129 ‑ 40 for the first time after that cessation, the * intended or former application of the thing is the extent of * creditable purpose last used to work out:   (c)   under section   51 ‑ 35, the amount of the input tax credit to which the * joint venture operator was entitled for the acquisition or importation; or   (d)   under section   51 ‑ 40, the amount of any * adjustment the joint venture operator had under Division   129 in relation to the acquisition or importation.   (2)   If:   (a)   while you were a * participant in a * GST joint venture, you acquired or imported a thing by the joint venture operator acquiring or importing it on your behalf; and   (b)   you have ceased to be a participant in the GST joint venture; and   (c)   you have an * adjustment under Division   129 in relation to the acquisition or importation; then, for the purposes of working out the full input tax credit in section   129 ‑ 70 or 129 ‑ 75, you are taken not to have been a participant of a GST joint venture when you acquired or imported the thing. Division   54 — GST branches Table of Subdivisions 54 ‑ A   Registration of GST branches 54 ‑ B   Consequences of registration of GST branches 54 ‑ C   Cancellation of registration of GST branches 54 ‑ 1   What this Division is about A branch of a registered entity can be separately registered as a GST branch. Separate GST returns are given, and separate payments and refunds of GST are made, in respect of the branch. Subdivision   54 ‑ A — Registration of GST branches 54 ‑ 5   Registration of GST branches   (1)   The Commissioner must * register a branch of a * registered entity if:   (a)   the registered entity applies, in the * approved form, for registration of the branch; and   (b)   the Commissioner is satisfied that the branch maintains an independent system of accounting, and can be separately identified by reference to:   (i)   the nature of the activities carried on through the branch; or   (ii)   the location of the branch; and   (c)   the Commissioner is satisfied that the registered entity is * carrying on an * enterprise through the branch, or intends to carry on an enterprise through the branch, from a particular date specified in the application. A branch that is so registered is a GST branch .   (2)   A branch of a * registered entity can be registered as a * GST branch without all or any of the other branches of the entity being so registered.   (3)   However, a branch of a * registered entity cannot be registered as a * GST branch if the registered entity is a * member of a * GST group. Note:   Refusing an application for registration under this section is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 54 ‑ 10   The date of effect of registration of a GST branch     The Commissioner must decide the date from which * registration as a * GST branch takes effect. However, the date of effect must not be a day before:   (a)   the day specified in the application for that purpose; or   (b)   if the branch is being registered only because it is intended that an * enterprise be * carried on through the branch—the date of effect must not be a day before the day specified, in the application, as the day from which it is intended to carry on the enterprise through the branch. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of registration as a GST branch is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 54 ‑ 15   GST branch registration number     If the Commissioner * registers a * GST branch, the Commissioner must notify the registered entity of the branch’s * GST branch registration number. Subdivision   54 ‑ B — Consequences of registration of GST branches 54 ‑ 40   Additional net amounts relating to GST branches   (1)   If an entity (the parent entity ) has a * GST branch, Division   17 applies to the parent entity as if it had an additional * net amount, relating to the branch, for each tax period.   (2)   The additional * net amount relating to the branch is worked out as if the branch were a separate entity and as if:   (a)   all the supplies, acquisitions and importations made through the branch were made by that separate entity; and   (b)   all the * adjustments that the parent entity has arising from such supplies, acquisitions and importations were adjustments that the branch has; and   (c)   all transfers of anything by the branch to the parent entity (including any other branch of the parent entity), that would have been supplies made by the branch if it were an entity, were supplies made by the separate entity; and   (d)   all transfers of anything by the parent entity (including any other branch of the parent entity) to the branch, that would have been acquisitions made by the branch if it were an entity, were acquisitions made by the separate entity; and   (e)   all adjustments that the branch would have had, if it were an entity, relating to the supplies and acquisitions it would have made as mentioned in paragraphs   (c) and (d), were adjustments that the branch had.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   17 ‑ 5 and 17 ‑ 10 (which are about net amounts and adjustments). 54 ‑ 45   Net amounts of parent entities   (1)   If an entity (the parent entity ) has a * GST branch, the parent entity’s * net amount is worked out as if:   (a)   all the supplies, acquisitions and importations made through any GST branch of the parent entity were not supplies for which the parent entity is liable for GST, or acquisitions or importations for which the parent entity is entitled to input tax credits; and   (b)   the parent entity does not have any * adjustments arising from such supplies, acquisitions and importations; and   (c)   all transfers of anything by the parent entity to any GST branch of the parent entity, that would have been supplies made to the branch if it were an entity, were supplies made by the parent entity; and   (d)   all transfers of anything by any GST branch of the parent entity to the parent entity, that would have been acquisitions made from the branch if it were an entity, were acquisitions made by the parent entity; and   (e)   all adjustments that the parent entity would have had, if the GST branches of the parent entity were entities, relating to the supplies and acquisitions the parent entity would have made as mentioned in paragraphs   (c) and (d), were adjustments that the parent entity had.   (2)   However, the parent entity has no * net amount under this section if all the * enterprises that it * carries on are carried on through its * GST branches.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   17 ‑ 5 and 17 ‑ 10 (which are about net amounts and adjustments). 54 ‑ 50   Tax invoices and adjustment notes   (1)   The * GST branch registration number of a * GST branch must be set out in:   (a)   any * tax invoice relating to a * taxable supply made through that GST branch; and   (b)   any * adjustment note for a * decreasing adjustment that arose from the occurrence of an * adjustment event relating to a * taxable supply made through that GST branch; and   (c)   any * third party adjustment note for a decreasing adjustment under section   134 ‑ 5 that relates to a taxable supply made through that GST branch.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 70 and 29 ‑ 75 (which are about tax invoices and adjustment notes), and section   134 ‑ 20 (which is about third party adjustment notes). 54 ‑ 55   GST returns relating to GST branches   (1)   An entity must, in relation to each * GST branch of the entity, give to the Commissioner a * GST return for each tax period applying to the entity.   (3)   The entity must still give a * GST return under section   31 ‑ 5, unless all the * enterprises that it * carries on are carried on through its * GST branches.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   31 ‑ 5 (which is about who must give GST returns). 54 ‑ 60   Payments of GST relating to GST branches   (1)   If an entity has a * GST branch and the * assessed net amount relating to the * GST branch for a tax period is greater than zero:   (a)   the entity must pay that assessed net amount to the Commissioner; and   (b)   Division   33 applies to payment of that amount as if it were a payment the entity was obliged to make under section   33 ‑ 3 or 33 ‑ 5 (as the case requires).   (2)   This section has effect despite Division   33 (which is about payments of GST). 54 ‑ 65   Refunds relating to GST branches     If an entity has a * GST branch and the * assessed net amount relating to the * GST branch for a tax period is less than zero, the Commissioner must, on behalf of the Commonwealth, pay that assessed net amount (expressed as a positive amount) to the entity. Note 1:   See Division   3A of Part   IIB of   the Taxation Administration Act 1953 for the rules about how the Commissioner must pay the entity. Division   3 of Part   IIB allows the Commissioner to apply the amount owing as a credit against tax debts that the entity owes to the Commonwealth. Note 2:   Interest is payable under the Taxation (Interest on Overpayments and Early Payments) Act 1983 if the Commissioner is late in refunding the amount. Subdivision   54 ‑ C — Cancellation of registration of GST branches 54 ‑ 70   When an entity must apply for cancellation of registration of a GST branch   (1)   If an entity has a * GST branch and the entity is not * carrying on any * enterprise through the branch, the entity must apply to the Commissioner in the * approved form for cancellation of the * registration of the branch.   (2)   The entity must lodge its application within 21 days after the day on which it ceased to * carry on any * enterprise through the branch. 54 ‑ 75   When the Commissioner must cancel registration of a GST branch   (1)   The Commissioner must cancel the * registration of a * GST branch of an entity if:   (a)   the entity has applied for cancellation of registration in the * approved form; and   (b)   at the time it applied, the branch had been registered for at least 12 months. Note:   Refusing to cancel the registration of a GST branch under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner must cancel the * registration of a * GST branch of the entity (even if the entity has not applied for cancellation of the registration) if:   (a)   the Commissioner is satisfied that the entity is not * carrying on an * enterprise through the branch; and   (b)   the Commissioner believes on reasonable grounds that the entity is unlikely to carry on an enterprise through the branch for at least 12 months. Note:   Cancelling the registration of a GST branch under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (3)   The Commissioner must notify the entity of any decision he or she makes in relation to it under this section. If the Commissioner decides to cancel the * registration, the notice must specify the date of effect of the cancellation. 54 ‑ 80   The date of effect of cancellation of registration of a GST branch     The Commissioner must decide the date on which the cancellation of the * registration of a * GST branch of an entity under subsection   54 ‑ 75(1) or (2) takes effect. That date may be any day occurring before, on or after the day on which the Commissioner makes the decision. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of the cancellation of the registration of a GST branch is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 54 ‑ 85   Application of Subdivision   25 ‑ B     Subdivision   25 ‑ B does not apply to the cancellation of the * registration of a * GST branch. 54 ‑ 90   Effect on GST branches of cancelling the entity’s registration     If an entity’s * registration is cancelled, the registration of any * GST branches of the entity ceases to have effect from the day the cancellation takes effect. Division   57 — Resident agents acting for non ‑ residents 57 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division effectively makes resident agents acting for non ‑ residents responsible for the GST consequences of what the non ‑ residents do through their resident agents. 57 ‑ 5   Who is liable for GST   (1)   GST payable on a * taxable supply or * taxable importation made by a * non ‑ resident through a * resident agent:   (a)   is payable by the agent; and   (b)   is not payable by the non ‑ resident.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   9 ‑ 40 and 13 ‑ 15 (which are about liability for GST).   (3)   However, this section does not apply to a * taxable supply if:   (a)   apart from this section, the * non ‑ resident would not be liable to pay GST on the supply; or   (b)   the non ‑ resident makes the supply through an * enterprise that the non ‑ resident * carries on in the indirect tax zone. 57 ‑ 7   Agreement to apply this Division to all supplies through a resident agent   (1)   Subsection   9 ‑ 26(1) does not apply to a supply made by a * non ‑ resident through a * resident agent if:   (a)   section   57 ‑ 5 would apply to the supply if that subsection did not apply to the supply; and   (b)   the non ‑ resident and the agent have agreed in writing that that subsection will not apply to any supplies made by the non ‑ resident through the agent; and   (c)   the supply is made no earlier than:   (i)   if the agreement specifies a time (not earlier than the start of the day the agreement is made) as the time the agreement takes effect—that time; or   (ii)   otherwise—the start of the day the agreement is made. Note:   An agreement under paragraph   (1)(b) prevents subsection   9 ‑ 26(1) having the effect that the supply would not be connected with the indirect tax zone (that subsection could otherwise result in the GST on the supply being reverse charged to the recipient under Division   84).   (2)   If the * recipient of the supply is an * Australian ‑ based business recipient, the recipient must be given a notice in the * approved form by:   (a)   if the agreement referred to in paragraph   (1)(b) specifies that the * non ‑ resident is to give the notice—the non ‑ resident; or   (b)   otherwise—the * resident agent.   (3)   The notice must be given no later than 7 days after the earlier of:   (a)   the first day any of the * consideration for the supply is provided; or   (b)   the day on which an * invoice for the supply is issued. Note:   Subsection   286 ‑ 75(7) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 provides an administrative penalty for breach of subsection   (2) or this subsection.   (4)   If the * non ‑ resident and the agent agree in writing to terminate the agreement referred to in paragraph   (1)(b), this section ceases to apply:   (a)   if the agreement to terminate specifies a time (not earlier than the start of the day the agreement to terminate is made) as the time the termination takes effect—at that time; or   (b)   otherwise—at the start of the day the agreement to terminate is made. 57 ‑ 10   Who is entitled to input tax credits   (1)   If a * non ‑ resident makes a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation through a * resident agent:   (a)   the agent is entitled to the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation; and   (b)   the non ‑ resident is not entitled to the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 20 and 15 ‑ 15 (which are about who is entitled to input tax credits). 57 ‑ 15   Adjustments   (1)   Any * adjustment that a * non ‑ resident has relating to a supply, acquisition or importation made through a * resident agent is to be treated as if:   (a)   the non ‑ resident did not have the adjustment; and   (b)   the agent had the adjustment.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   17 ‑ 10 (which is about the effect of adjustments on net amounts). 57 ‑ 20   Resident agents are required to be registered   (1)   A * resident agent who is acting as agent for a * non ‑ resident is required to be registered if the non ‑ resident is * registered or * required to be registered.   (2)   The section has effect despite section   23 ‑ 5 (which is about who is required to be registered). 57 ‑ 25   Cancellation of registration of a resident agent   (1)   The Commissioner must cancel the * registration of a * resident agent if the Commissioner is satisfied that the resident agent is not * required to be registered. Note:   Cancelling the registration of a resident agent under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner must notify the * resident agent of the cancellation.   (3)   Sections   25 ‑ 50 and 25 ‑ 55 do not apply to the cancellation of the * registration of a * resident agent. 57 ‑ 30   Notice of cessation of agency     A * resident agent who ceases to act as agent for a * non ‑ resident must notify the Commissioner of that cessation, in the * approved form, within 14 days after so ceasing to act. 57 ‑ 35   Tax periods of resident agents   (1)   If you are a * resident agent who is acting as agent for a * non ‑ resident, the Commissioner must determine that the tax periods that apply to you are each individual month if the Commissioner is satisfied that the non ‑ resident’s * GST turnover meets the * tax period turnover threshold. Note:   Determining under this section the tax periods applying to you is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The determination takes effect on the day specified in the determination. However, the day specified must be 1   January, 1   April, 1   July or 1   October. Note:   Deciding the date of effect of the determination is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (3)   This section has effect in addition to section   27 ‑ 15 (which is about determination of one month tax periods). 57 ‑ 40   GST returns for non ‑ residents   (1)   A * non ‑ resident is not required to give a * GST return for a tax period if:   (a)   the non ‑ resident’s * net amount for the tax period is zero; or   (b)   the only * taxable supplies or * taxable importations that the non ‑ resident made that are attributable to the tax period are taxable supplies or taxable importations made through a * resident agent.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   31 ‑ 5 (which is about who must give GST returns). 57 ‑ 45   Resident agents giving GST returns     If you are a * resident agent acting for a * non ‑ resident, subsection   31 ‑ 15(2) does not apply to you in relation to a tax period if, during the tax period:   (a)   the non ‑ resident made * taxable supplies, or supplies that would have been taxable supplies had they not been * GST ‑ free or * input taxed, through you as agent; or   (b)   the non ‑ resident made * creditable acquisitions through you as agent. 57 ‑ 50   Non ‑ residents that belong to GST groups     This Division does not apply in relation to a * non ‑ resident that is a * member of a * GST group. Division   58 — Representatives of incapacitated entities 58 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division sets out how to ascribe activities of a representative of an incapacitated entity between the representative and the incapacitated entity for GST purposes. In particular, supplies, acquisitions and importations, and associated acts and omissions, by the representative are, in most cases, treated as having been by the incapacitated entity. This ensures that a transaction by the representative has the same consequences under the GST law as if the incapacitated entity had no representative. However, in most cases, GST ‑ related liabilities and entitlements are allocated to the representative for transactions that are within the scope of the representative’s responsibility or authority. Note:   This Division does not apply to a representative to the extent that paragraph   105 ‑ 5(1)(a) (which is about supplies by creditors in satisfaction of debts) will apply to its supplies. See section   58 ‑ 95. 58 ‑ 5   General principle for the relationship between incapacitated entities and their representatives   (1)   Subject to this Division, any supply, acquisition or importation by an entity in the capacity of a * representative of another entity that is an * incapacitated entity is taken to be a supply, acquisition or importation by the other entity.   (2)   Subject to this Division, any other act, or any omission, of an entity in the capacity of a * representative of another entity that is an * incapacitated entity is taken to be an act or omission of the other entity, but only for the purposes of determining, for the purposes of the * GST law:   (a)   whether a supply or importation is a * taxable supply or * taxable importation, or the amount of GST payable on the supply or importation; or   (b)   whether an acquisition or importation is a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation, or the amount of the input tax credit for the acquisition or importation; or   (c)   whether an * adjustment arises in relation to a supply, acquisition or importation, or the amount of such an adjustment.   (3)   To avoid doubt, if the other entity ceases to be an * incapacitated entity, this section continues to apply in relation to the supply, acquisition or importation, or to the act or omission, after the other entity ceases to be an incapacitated entity.   (4)   To avoid doubt, to the extent that an act or omission referred to in subsection   (2) relates to deciding to * account on a cash basis, that subsection does not apply for the purposes of determining, for the purposes of the * GST law, whether an * adjustment arises under Division   21 in relation to a supply or acquisition. 58 ‑ 10   Circumstances in which representatives have GST ‑ related liabilities and entitlements General rule   (1)   A * representative of an * incapacitated entity:   (a)   is liable to pay any GST that the incapacitated entity would, but for this section or section   48 ‑ 40, be liable to pay on a * taxable supply or a * taxable importation; and   (b)   is entitled to any input tax credit that the incapacitated entity would, but for this section or section   48 ‑ 45, be entitled to for a * creditable acquisition or a * creditable importation; and   (c)   has any * adjustment that the incapacitated entity would, but for this section or section   48 ‑ 50, have; to the extent that the making of the supply, importation or acquisition to which the GST, input tax credit or adjustment relates is within the scope of the representative’s responsibility or authority for managing the incapacitated entity’s affairs. Exceptions for certain taxable supplies   (2)   This section does not apply to the GST payable on a * taxable supply to the extent that one or more of the following apply:   (a)   the * incapacitated entity received the * consideration for the supply before the * representative became a representative of the incapacitated entity;   (b)   if, under Division   83 or section   84 ‑ 5 or 86 ‑ 5, the GST is payable by the recipient of the supply—the incapacitated entity provided the consideration for the supply before the representative became a representative of the incapacitated entity;   (c)   if:   (i)   the supply is a supply for which a * voucher to which Division   100 applies is redeemed; and   (ii)   the incapacitated entity supplied the voucher before the representative became a representative of the incapacitated entity;     the consideration for the supply referred to in subparagraph   (i) does not exceed the consideration provided for the incapacitated entity’s supply of the voucher. Exception for certain creditable acquisitions   (3)   This section does not apply to an input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition to the extent that the * incapacitated entity provided the * consideration for the acquisition before the * representative became a representative of the incapacitated entity. Exceptions for certain adjustments   (4)   This section does not apply to an * adjustment to the extent that one or more of the following apply:   (a)   if the adjustment relates to a supply—the * incapacitated entity received the * consideration for the supply before the * representative became a representative of the incapacitated entity;   (b)   if the adjustment relates to an acquisition—the incapacitated entity provided the consideration for the supply before the representative became a representative of the incapacitated entity;   (c)   the adjustment would not be attributable to a tax period applying to the representative in the capacity of a representative of the incapacitated entity. Incapacitated entity not liable to pay GST etc.   (5)   An * incapacitated entity or, if the incapacitated entity is a * member of a * GST group, the * representative member of that group:   (a)   is not liable to pay the GST on a * taxable supply or a * taxable importation to the extent that a * representative of the incapacitated entity is liable under this section to pay the GST on the supply or importation; and   (b)   is not entitled to the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition or a * creditable importation to the extent that a representative of the incapacitated entity is entitled under this section to the input tax credit for the acquisition or importation; and   (c)   does not have an * adjustment to the extent that a representative of the incapacitated entity has the adjustment under this section. Other   (6)   This section has effect despite sections   9 ‑ 40, 11 ‑ 20, 13 ‑ 15, 15 ‑ 15, 83 ‑ 5, 84 ‑ 10 and 86 ‑ 5 and subsections   48 ‑ 40(1) and (1A), 48 ‑ 45(1) and 48 ‑ 50(1) (which are about who is liable for GST, and who is entitled to input tax credits). 58 ‑ 15   Adjustments for bad debts   (1)   For the purposes of determining whether an * adjustment arises under section   21 ‑ 5 or 21 ‑ 15 for the whole or a part of a debt relating to a * taxable supply or * creditable acquisition for which a * representative of an * incapacitated entity is liable to pay GST, or is entitled to an input tax credit, under section   58 ‑ 10:   (a)   the adjustment cannot arise if, when the whole or part of the debt is written off, or has been * overdue for 12 months, the representative * accounts on a cash basis; but   (b)   it does not matter whether the incapacitated entity accounts on a cash basis at that or any other time.   (2)   This section has effect despite subsections   21 ‑ 5(2) and 21 ‑ 15(2) (which preclude adjustments for bad debts when accounting on a cash basis). 58 ‑ 20   Representatives are required to be registered   (1)   A * representative of an * incapacitated entity is required to be registered in that capacity if the incapacitated entity is * registered or * required to be registered.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   23 ‑ 5 (which is about who is required to be registered). 58 ‑ 25   Cancellation of registration of a representative   (1)   The Commissioner must cancel the * registration of a * representative of an * incapacitated entity if the Commissioner is satisfied that the representative is not * required to be registered in that capacity. Note:   Cancelling the registration of a representative under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner must notify the * representative of the cancellation.   (3)   Sections   25 ‑ 50 and 25 ‑ 55 do not apply to the cancellation of the * registration of a * representative of an * incapacitated entity. 58 ‑ 30   Notice of cessation of representation     A * representative who ceases to be a representative of an * incapacitated entity must notify the Commissioner of that cessation, in the * approved form, within 21 days after so ceasing. 58 ‑ 35   Tax periods of representatives   (1)   If a * representative of an * incapacitated entity is * required to be registered in that capacity, the tax periods applying to the representative in that capacity are the same tax periods that apply to the incapacitated entity.   (2)   This section has effect despite Division   27 (which is about how to work out the tax periods that apply). 58 ‑ 40   Effect on attribution rules of not accounting on a cash basis   (1)   If:   (a)   a * representative of an * incapacitated entity does not * account on a cash basis; and   (b)   because of section   58 ‑ 10, all or part of the amount of GST payable on a * taxable supply is payable by the representative, or the representative is entitled to all or part of the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition; then, to the extent that, but for this section, the GST or input tax credit would be attributable to a tax period that ended before the representative became a representative of the incapacitated entity, the GST or input tax credit is instead attributable to the first tax period applying to the representative in that capacity.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 5 and 29 ‑ 10 (which are about attribution of GST on taxable supplies and of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions). 58 ‑ 45   GST returns for representatives of incapacitated entities   (1)   If an individual is appointed as a * representative of 2 or more * incapacitated entities, the individual may give to the Commissioner one * GST return for a tax period in respect of the entities if the entities are * members of the same * GST group.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   31 ‑ 5 (which is about who must give GST returns). 58 ‑ 50   Representatives to give GST returns for incapacitated entities   (1)   A * representative of an * incapacitated entity must give to the Commissioner a * GST return for a tax period applying to the incapacitated entity if:   (a)   the incapacitated entity has failed to give to the Commissioner a GST return for a tax period; and   (b)   the Commissioner, in writing, directs the representative to give to the Commissioner a GST return. Note:   Deciding to direct a representative of an incapacitated entity to give to the Commissioner a GST return is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The tax period may be any tax period applying to the * incapacitated entity, including:   (a)   a tax period that ends before the * representative became a representative of the incapacitated entity; and   (b)   a tax period that starts after the representative became a representative of the incapacitated entity.   (3)   The * GST return by the * representative:   (a)   must be in accordance with the requirements of Division   31 as they would apply in relation to the * incapacitated entity except to the extent that the direction under paragraph   (1)(b) modifies those requirements; and   (b)   must be given to the Commissioner within the period specified in the direction.   (4)   Without limiting the matters that the Commissioner may take into account in deciding whether to give a direction under paragraph   (1)(b), the Commissioner must take into account:   (a)   the likelihood of a dividend to unsecured creditors of the * incapacitated entity being declared, and the likely amounts of any such dividend; and   (b)   the likelihood that, if the Commissioner were given the * GST return, it would reveal a liability to pay an amount to the Commissioner under the * GST law; and   (c)   the availability of books and records that would make it possible to prepare the GST return; and   (d)   the likelihood that the cost to the * representative of preparing the GST return would be covered by the incapacitated entity’s assets without resulting in an unreasonable impact on the other creditors of the incapacitated entity.   (5)   The * incapacitated entity is taken to have complied with Division   31 in relation to giving a * GST return for a tax period if the * representative gives to the Commissioner a return for the tax period in accordance with this section.   (6)   A direction under paragraph   (1)(b) is not a legislative instrument.   (7)   This section has effect despite section   31 ‑ 5 (which is about who must give GST returns). 58 ‑ 55   Incapacitated entities not required to give GST returns in some cases   (1)   An * incapacitated entity is not required to give a * GST return for a tax period if:   (a)   the entity’s * net amount for the tax period is zero; and   (b)   the entity does not have an * increasing adjustment that is attributable to the tax period; and   (c)   the entity is not liable for GST that is attributable to the tax period.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   31 ‑ 5 (which is about who must give GST returns). 58 ‑ 60   Representative to notify Commissioner of certain liabilities etc.   (1)   A * representative of an * incapacitated entity must notify the Commissioner, in the * approved form, of an amount of GST for which the entity is liable, or an * increasing adjustment that the entity has, if:   (a)   the representative becomes aware, or could reasonably be expected to have become aware, of the amount of GST, or the adjustment; and   (b)   the amount of GST, or the adjustment, has not been taken into account in any * GST return that has been given to the Commissioner; and   (c)   the Commissioner has not been previously notified of the amount of GST, or the adjustment, under this section. Note:   Section   286 ‑ 75 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 provides an administrative penalty for breach of this subsection.   (2)   The notification must be given to the Commissioner before the day on which the * representative declares a dividend to unsecured creditors of the * incapacitated entity.   (3)   This section does not apply if the * representative is a representative of a kind that does not have the capacity to declare dividends to unsecured creditors of the * incapacitated entity.   (4)   This section does not apply in circumstances determined by the Commissioner under subsection   (5).   (5)   The Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, determine circumstances in which this section does not apply. 58 ‑ 65   Money available to meet representative’s liabilities     A * representative of an * incapacitated entity who is liable to pay an amount because of this Division is authorised and required to apply any money which the representative receives in his or her capacity as that representative in order to pay the liability. 58 ‑ 70   Protection for actions of representative     A * representative of an * incapacitated entity is not liable to civil or criminal proceedings in relation to an act done, or omitted to be done, in good faith, in the performance or purported performance, or exercise or purported exercise, of the representative’s duties or powers under, or in relation to, the * GST law. 58 ‑ 95   Division does not apply to the extent that the representative is a creditor of the incapacitated entity     This Division does not apply in relation to a * representative of an entity to the extent that paragraph   105 ‑ 5(1)(a) will apply to a supply by the representative of the entity’s property. Note:   For example, if the representative: (a)   is a mortgagee in possession of the entity’s property; and (b)   is not a representative of the entity for any other reason;   the representative need not register under section   58 ‑ 20 if it will supply that property in or towards the satisfaction of a debt owed to it by the entity. Division   60 — Pre ‑ establishment costs 60 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division enables input tax credits to arise in some circumstances in which acquisitions and importations are made before a company is in existence. 60 ‑ 5   Input tax credit for acquisitions and importations before establishment   (1)   If you make a * creditable acquisition that is a * pre ‑ establishment acquisition, or a * creditable importation that is a * pre ‑ establishment importation, relating to a * company before it is in existence:   (a)   you are not entitled to the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation; and   (b)   once the company is in existence, it is entitled to the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 20 and 15 ‑ 15 (which are about who is entitled to input tax credits). 60 ‑ 10   Registration etc. not needed for input tax credits   (1)   If you make a * pre ‑ establishment acquisition, the fact that you are not * registered or * required to be registered does not stop the acquisition being a * creditable acquisition.   (2)   If you make a * pre ‑ establishment importation, the fact that you are not * registered or * required to be registered does not stop the acquisition being a * creditable importation.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 5 and 15 ‑ 5 (which are about what are creditable acquisitions and creditable importations). 60 ‑ 15   Pre ‑ establishment acquisitions and importations   (1)   An acquisition that you make is a pre ‑ establishment acquisition , and an importation that you make is a pre ‑ establishment importation , if:   (a)   you do not * apply the thing acquired or imported for any purpose other than for a * creditable purpose relating to a * company not yet in existence; and   (b)   the company comes into existence, and becomes * registered, within 6 months after the acquisition or importation; and   (c)   you become a member, officer or employee of the company; and   (d)   in the case of an acquisition—you have been fully reimbursed by the company for the * consideration you provided for the acquisition; and   (e)   in the case of an importation—you have been fully reimbursed by the company:   (i)   for the * assessed GST paid on the importation; and   (ii)   for the cost of acquiring or producing the thing imported.   (2)   However, the acquisition or importation is not a pre ‑ establishment acquisition or a pre ‑ establishment importation if:   (a)   you are entitled to an input tax credit for the acquisition or importation; or   (b)   the company acquires the thing acquired or imported, and that acquisition by the company is a * creditable acquisition. 60 ‑ 20   Creditable purpose   (1)   If, before a * company is in existence, you make an acquisition or importation:   (a)   for the purpose of bringing the company into existence; or   (b)   for the purpose of the company * carrying on an * enterprise after it is in existence; you acquire or import the thing for a creditable purpose only to the extent that you acquire or import it for either or both of those purposes.   (2)   However, you do not acquire or import the thing for a creditable purpose to the extent that:   (a)   the acquisition or importation relates (directly or indirectly) to the company making supplies that would be * input taxed; or   (b)   the acquisition or importation is of a private or domestic nature.   (3)   An acquisition or importation is not treated, for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a), as relating to making supplies that would be * input taxed to the extent that the supply is made through an * enterprise, or a part of an enterprise, that the company will * carry on outside the indirect tax zone.   (4)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 15 and 15 ‑ 10 (which are about creditable purpose). 60 ‑ 25   Attributing the input tax credit for pre ‑ establishment acquisitions   (1)   The input tax credit to which a * company is entitled under this Division for an acquisition that you made is attributable to the tax period (applying to the company) in which you were fully reimbursed by the company for the * consideration you paid for the acquisition.   (2)   However, if the company does not hold a copy of a * tax invoice that you (or your agent) hold for the acquisition when the company gives to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period to which the input tax credit for the acquisition would otherwise be attributable, then:   (a)   the input tax credit (including any part of the input tax credit) is not attributable to that tax period; and   (b)   the input tax credit (or the part of the input tax credit) is attributable to the first tax period for which the company gives to the Commissioner a GST return at a time when it holds a copy of that tax invoice. However, this subsection does not apply in circumstances of a kind determined in writing by the Commissioner, under subsection   29 ‑ 10(3), to be circumstances in which the requirement for a tax invoice does not apply. For the giving of GST returns to the Commissioner, see Division   31.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 10 (which is about attributing input tax credits for acquisitions). 60 ‑ 30   Attributing the input tax credit for pre ‑ establishment importations   (1)   The input tax credit to which a * company is entitled under this Division for an importation that you made is attributable to the tax period (applying to the company) in which you were fully reimbursed by the company:   (a)   for the * assessed GST paid on the importation; and   (b)   for the cost of acquiring or producing the thing imported.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 15 (which is about attributing input tax credits for importations). 60 ‑ 35   Application of Division   129     If a * company is entitled under this Division to an input tax credit for an acquisition or importation, the acquisition or importation is treated, for the purposes of Division   129 (which is about changes in the extent of creditable purpose), as if the company had made it. Division   63 — Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities 63 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Some kinds of non ‑ profit entities may choose to have some (or all) of their separately identifiable branches treated as separate entities for GST purposes. Note:   The parent entities then cease to be responsible, for GST purposes, for these branches. (By way of contrast, parent entities would remain responsible for their branches if they registered them under Division   54.) 63 ‑ 5   Entities that may choose to apply this Division   (1)   An entity may choose to apply this Division.   (2)   However, the entity must be * registered and must be:   (a)   an * endorsed charity or a * government school; or   (aa)   a * gift ‑ deductible entity that is a non ‑ profit body; or   (b)   a non ‑ profit body that is exempt from income tax under any of these provisions of the * ITAA 1997:   (i)   section   50 ‑ 5 (charity, education and science);   (ii)   section   50 ‑ 10 (community service);   (iii)   section   50 ‑ 15 (employees and employers);   (iv)   section   50 ‑ 40 (primary and secondary resources, and tourism);   (v)   item   9.1 or 9.2 of section   50 ‑ 45 (sports, culture and recreation). 63 ‑ 10   Period for which a choice has effect   (1)   The choice has effect from the time the entity makes the choice.   (2)   The choice ceases to have effect if:   (a)   the entity revokes the choice; or   (b)   the entity ceases to meet the requirements of subsection   63 ‑ 5(2).   (3)   However, the entity:   (a)   cannot revoke the choice within 12 months after the day on which the entity made the choice; and   (b)   cannot make a further choice within 12 months after the day on which the entity revoked a previous choice. 63 ‑ 15   Consequences of choosing to apply this Division   (1)   While the choice has effect, any branch of the entity is treated, for the purposes of the * GST law (other than sections   63 ‑ 5 and 63 ‑ 10 and this section), as an entity if that branch:   (a)   maintains an independent system of accounting; and   (b)   can be separately identified by reference to:   (i)   the nature of the activities carried on through the branch; or   (ii)   the location of the branch; and   (c)   is referred to in the entity’s records to the effect that it is to be treated as a separate entity for the purposes of the GST law.   (2)   The branch’s treatment as an entity ceases if:   (a)   the choice ceases to have effect; or   (b)   the branch ceases to meet the requirements of paragraphs   (1)(a), (b) and (c). However, if the branch is * registered, its treatment as an entity continues until its registration is cancelled.   (3)   At all times during its treatment as an entity, the branch is a non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity . 63 ‑ 20   Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities may register   (1)   A * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity may apply to be * registered under section   23 ‑ 10 even if it is not * carrying on an * enterprise and is not intending to carry on an enterprise.   (2)   The Commissioner must * register the * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity whether or not the Commissioner is satisfied that it is * carrying on an * enterprise or intending to carry on an enterprise.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   23 ‑ 10 (which is about who may be registered) and section   25 ‑ 5 (which is about when the Commissioner must register an entity). 63 ‑ 25   Registration turnover threshold for non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities   (1)   Subsection   23 ‑ 15(2) applies in relation to a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity of an entity (the parent entity ) whether or not the parent entity is a non ‑ profit body.   (2)   Regulations made for the purposes of paragraph   23 ‑ 15(2)(b) may:   (a)   provide that they apply only to * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities, or only to other non ‑ profit entities; or   (b)   specify one amount for * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities and a different amount for other non ‑ profit entities. 63 ‑ 27   Application of particular provisions relating to charities etc. Application of particular provisions   (1)   For the purposes of the provisions mentioned in subsection   (2), a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity of an entity (the parent entity ) is taken to be a body of the following type, if the parent entity is a body of that type:   (a)   a non ‑ profit body;   (b)   a * gift ‑ deductible entity;   (c)   a * government school;   (d)   an * endorsed charity;   (e)   a gift ‑ deductible entity endorsed as a deductible gift recipient (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under section   30 ‑ 120 of the ITAA 1997;   (f)   a fund, authority or institution of a kind referred to in paragraph   30 ‑ 125(1)(b) of the ITAA 1997;   (g)   a body that has a particular * gift ‑ deductible purpose;   (h)   a body that operates a particular * retirement village;   (i)   a particular * school.   (2)   The provisions are:   (a)   subsection   9 ‑ 17(2) (gifts to non ‑ profit bodies not consideration); and   (b)   Subdivision   38 ‑ G (Activities of charities etc.); and   (c)   Subdivision   40 ‑ E (Schools tuckshops and canteens); and   (d)   Subdivision   40 ‑ F (fund ‑ raising events); and   (e)   section   111 ‑ 18 (reimbursement of volunteers’ expenses); and   (f)   section   129 ‑ 45 (Gifts to gift ‑ deductible entities); and   (g)   Division   157 (Accounting basis of charities etc.).   (3)   To avoid doubt, subsection   (1) does not prevent the * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity being a body of a particular type merely because the parent entity is not a body of that type. 63 ‑ 30   When non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities must apply for cancellation of registration   (1)   If a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity is * registered and it does not meet the requirements of paragraphs 63 ‑ 15(1)(a), (b) and (c), it must apply to the Commissioner in the * approved form for cancellation of its * registration. It must lodge the application within 21 days after the day on which it ceased to meet those requirements.   (2)   Section   25 ‑ 50 (which is about cancelling registration) does not apply to * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities. 63 ‑ 35   When the Commissioner must cancel registration of non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities   (1)   The Commissioner must cancel * registration of a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity (even if it has not applied for cancellation of the registration) if the Commissioner is satisfied that the sub ‑ entity does not meet the requirements of paragraphs 63 ‑ 15(1)(a), (b) and (c). Note:   Cancelling registration under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner must notify the sub ‑ entity if the Commissioner decides to cancel its * registration. The notice must specify the date of effect of the cancellation.   (3)   Subsection   25 ‑ 55(2) (which is about cancelling registration) does not apply to * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities. 63 ‑ 40   Effect on adjustments of becoming a non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity   (1)   If a branch of an entity becomes a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity, any * adjustment arising afterwards in relation to a supply, acquisition or importation, made by the entity through the branch before it became a non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity:   (a)   is taken to be an adjustment that the non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity has, as if the non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity had made the supply, acquisition or importation; and   (b)   is not taken to be an adjustment that the entity has.   (2)   For the purpose of applying subsection   (1) to an adjustment under Division   129 relating to a thing acquired or imported before the branch became a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity, that Division applies as if:   (a)   the extent to which the acquisition or importation of the thing was for a * creditable purpose were the extent to which the non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity acquired or imported it for a creditable purpose; and   (b)   the extent to which the thing has been * applied for a creditable purpose since its acquisition or importation were the extent to which the non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity applied it for a creditable purpose. 63 ‑ 45   Effect on adjustments of ceasing to be a non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity   (1)   If a branch of an entity ceases to be a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity, any * adjustment arising afterwards in relation to a supply, acquisition or importation, made by the branch while it was a non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity, is taken to be an adjustment that the entity has, as if the entity had made the supply, acquisition or importation.   (2)   For the purpose of applying subsection   (1) to an adjustment under Division   129 relating to a thing acquired or imported before the branch ceased to be a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity, that Division applies as if:   (a)   the extent to which the acquisition or importation of the thing was for a * creditable purpose were the extent to which the entity acquired or imported it for a creditable purpose; and   (b)   the extent to which the thing has been * applied for a creditable purpose since its acquisition or importation were the extent to which the entity applied it for a creditable purpose. 63 ‑ 50   Membership requirements of GST groups     A * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity satisfies the membership requirements for a * GST group, or a proposed GST group, if:   (a)   it is * registered; and   (b)   it has the same tax periods applying to it as the tax periods applying to all the other members of the GST group or proposed GST group; and   (c)   it accounts on the same basis as all those other members; and   (d)   it is not a * member of any other GST group; and   (e)   each of the other members of the GST group or proposed GST group is either:   (i)   the entity of which the non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity is a branch; or   (ii)   another branch of that entity that is a non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity. Part   4 ‑ 2 — Special rules mainly about supplies and acquisitions Note:   The special rules in this Part mainly modify the operation of Part   2 ‑ 2, but they may affect other Parts of Chapter   2 in minor ways. Division   66 — Second ‑ hand goods Table of Subdivisions 66 ‑ A   Input tax credits for acquiring second ‑ hand goods 66 ‑ B   Acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods that are divided for re ‑ supply 66 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division allows you to claim input tax credits for your acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods, even though GST was not payable on the supply of the goods to you. However, some limitations apply, and a form of global accounting is used for some acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods that are divided for re ‑ supply. Subdivision   66 ‑ A — Input tax credits for acquiring second ‑ hand goods 66 ‑ 5   Creditable acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods   (1)   If you acquire * second ‑ hand goods for the purposes of sale or exchange (but not for manufacture) in the ordinary course of * business, the fact that the supply of the goods to you is not a * taxable supply does not stop the acquisition being a * creditable acquisition.   (2)   However, this section does not apply, and is taken never to have applied, to the acquisition if:   (a)   the supply of the goods to you was a * taxable supply, or was * GST ‑ free; or   (b)   you * imported the goods; or   (c)   the supply of the goods to you was a supply by way of hire; or   (d)   Subdivision   66 ‑ B applies to the acquisition; or   (e)   you make a supply of the goods that is not a taxable supply.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 66 ‑ 10   Amounts of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods   (1)   The amount of the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods for which the * consideration is more than $300 is:   (a)   an amount equal to 1 / 11 of the * consideration that you provide, or are liable to provide, for the acquisition; or   (b)   if that amount is more than the amount of the GST payable on a * taxable supply of the goods that you make—the amount of GST on that taxable supply.   (1A)   The amount of the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods for which the * consideration is $300 or less is an amount equal to 1 / 11 of the * consideration that you provide, or are liable to provide, for the acquisition.   (2)   However, this section does not apply if the supply of the goods to you is a * taxable supply.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 25 (which is about the amount of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions). 66 ‑ 15   Attributing input tax credits for creditable acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods   (1)   If:   (a)   you are entitled, under this Division, to the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods; and   (b)   either the * consideration for the acquisition was more than $300 or you choose to have this section apply to the acquisition; the input tax credit for the acquisition is attributable to:   (c)   the tax period in which any * consideration is received for a subsequent * taxable supply of the goods; or   (d)   if, before any of the consideration is received, you have issued an * invoice relating to the supply—the tax period in which the invoice is issued.   (2)   However, if you * account on a cash basis, then:   (a)   if, in a tax period, all of the * consideration is received for the subsequent * taxable supply—the input tax credit for the acquisition is attributable to that tax period; or   (b)   if, in a tax period, part of the consideration is received—the input tax credit for the acquisition is attributable to that tax period, but only to the extent that the consideration is received in that tax period; or   (c)   if, in a tax period, none of the consideration is received—none of the input tax credit for the acquisition is attributable to that tax period.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 10 (which is about attributing the input tax credits for creditable acquisitions). 66 ‑ 17   Records of creditable acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods   (1)   If you make a * creditable acquisition of second ‑ hand goods and the supply of the goods to you was not a * taxable supply:   (a)   subsection   29 ‑ 10(3) applies to the acquisition as if references to a * tax invoice were references to a record you prepared that complies with this section; and   (b)   subsection   29 ‑ 20(3) applies to an adjustment event relating to the acquisition as if references to an * adjustment note were references to a record you prepared that complies with this section.   (2)   To comply with this section, the record must:   (a)   set out the name and address of the entity that supplied the goods to you; and   (b)   describe the goods (including their quantity); and   (c)   set out the date of, and the * consideration for, the acquisition.   (2A)   Subsection   29 ‑ 10(3) does not apply to a * creditable acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods if:   (a)   the supply to which the acquisition relates is not a * taxable supply; and   (b)   the amount that would have been the * value of the supply (if it had been a * taxable supply) does not exceed $50, or such higher amount as the regulations made for the purposes of subsection   29 ‑ 80(1) specify.   (2B)   Subsection   29 ‑ 20(3) does not apply to a * decreasing adjustment relating to a * creditable acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods if:   (a)   the supply to which the acquisition relates is not a * taxable supply; and   (b)   the amount of the adjustment does not exceed $50, or such higher amount as the regulations made for the purposes of subsection   29 ‑ 80(2) specify.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 10 (which is about attributing the input tax credits for creditable acquisitions) and section   29 ‑ 20 (which is about attributing decreasing adjustments). Subdivision   66 ‑ B — Acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods that are divided for re ‑ supply 66 ‑ 40   Acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods that can be used to offset GST on future re ‑ supplies   (1)   This Subdivision applies to an acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods if:   (a)   you acquire the goods for the purposes of sale or exchange (but not for manufacture) in the ordinary course of * business; and   (b)   either the * consideration for the acquisition was more than $300 or you choose to have this section apply to the acquisition; and   (c)   the goods are of such a kind, or they are supplied to you in such a way, that it would be reasonable to expect you to divide them before supplying them in 2 or more separate supplies; and   (d)   you do not subsequently make a single supply of the entirety of the goods acquired.   (2)   However, this Subdivision does not apply, and is taken never to have applied, to the acquisition if:   (a)   the * consideration for the acquisition separately itemises the consideration for the different goods acquired, and your division of the goods before supplying them:   (i)   corresponds to that itemisation; or   (ii)   does not involve dividing the goods any further than the division indicated by that itemisation; or   (b)   the supply of the goods to you was a * taxable supply, or was * GST ‑ free; or   (c)   you * imported the goods; or   (d)   the supply of the goods to you was a supply by way of hire; or   (e)   you make a supply of the goods, or of part of the goods, that is not a taxable supply (other than because of section   66 ‑ 45). 66 ‑ 45   Future re ‑ supplies that are not taxable supplies   (1)   A supply you make is not a * taxable supply if:   (a)   it is a supply of goods that were part of an acquisition you made that was an acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods to which this Subdivision applied; and   (b)   your * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amount is more than your * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amount; and   (c)   what would be the amount of GST payable on the supply, if the supply were a taxable supply, is less than or equal to the difference between:   (i)   your * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amount; and   (ii)   your * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amount. Note:   This section will not apply unless the record keeping requirements of section   66 ‑ 55 are met.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 66 ‑ 50   Future re ‑ supplies on which GST is reduced   (1)   The amount of GST on a * taxable supply you make is reduced if:   (a)   it is a supply of goods that were part of an acquisition you made that was an acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods to which this Subdivision applied; and   (b)   your * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amount is more than your * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amount; and   (c)   what would be the amount of GST payable on the supply, if the amount were not reduced under this section, is more than the difference between:   (i)   your total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amount; and   (ii)   your total Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amount. Note:   This section will not apply unless the record keeping requirements of section   66 ‑ 55 are met.   (2)   The amount by which the GST on the supply is reduced is an amount equal to the difference between:   (a)   your * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amount; and   (b)   your * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amount.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 70 (which is about the amount of GST on taxable supplies). Note:   Section   9 ‑ 90 (rounding of amounts of GST) can apply to amounts of GST worked out using this section. 66 ‑ 55   Records of acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods to which this Subdivision applied     Sections   66 ‑ 45 and 66 ‑ 50 do not apply to a supply of goods you made unless you hold a record, relating to the acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods of which the goods supplied were a part, that:   (a)   sets out the name and address of the entity that supplied the goods to you; and   (b)   describes the goods (including their quantity); and   (c)   sets out the date of, and the * consideration for, the acquisition. 66 ‑ 60   Input tax credits for acquiring second ‑ hand goods the supply of which is not fully taxable   (1)   If an entity acquires * second ‑ hand goods, and, because of section   66 ‑ 45 and for no other reason, the supply of the goods to the entity is not a * taxable supply:   (a)   the fact that the supply is not a taxable supply does not stop the acquisition being a * creditable acquisition; and   (b)   the amount of the input tax credit for the creditable acquisition is worked out as if the supply were a taxable supply.   (2)   If:   (a)   an entity makes a * creditable acquisition of * second ‑ hand goods; and   (b)   the amount of GST on the supply of the goods to the entity was reduced because of section   66 ‑ 50; the amount of the input tax credit for the creditable acquisition is worked out as if that amount of GST had not been so reduced.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition) and section   11 ‑ 25 (which is about the amount of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions). 66 ‑ 65   Total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amounts and Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amounts   (1)   Your total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amount is the sum of the amounts of the input tax credits to which you would have been entitled, for all your acquisitions of * second ‑ hand goods to which this Subdivision applied, if this Subdivision had not applied to them.   (2)   Your total Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amount is the sum of:   (a)   all the amounts of GST that, but for the operation of section   66 ‑ 45, would have been payable on supplies that you made; and   (b)   all the amounts by which GST payable on supplies that you made has been reduced under section   66 ‑ 50. 66 ‑ 70   Commissioner may determine rules for applying this Subdivision   (1)   The Commissioner may, in writing, determine:   (a)   that acquisitions of * second ‑ hand goods of a specified kind are, or are not, acquisitions of second ‑ hand goods to which this Subdivision applies; or   (b)   how * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amounts or * total Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amounts are to be worked out in specified circumstances.   (2)   Determinations under subsection   (1) override the provisions of this Subdivision (except this section), but only to the extent of any inconsistency. Division   69 — Non ‑ deductible expenses Table of Subdivisions 69 ‑ A   Non ‑ deductible expenses generally 69 ‑ B   Elections for GST purposes relating to meal entertainment and entertainment facilities 69 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Some expenses that are not deductible under the ITAA 1997 do not give rise to creditable acquisitions or creditable importations. The amount of input tax credits on some creditable acquisitions or creditable importations of cars is reduced. Subdivision   69 ‑ A — Non ‑ deductible expenses generally 69 ‑ 5   Non ‑ deductible expenses do not give rise to creditable acquisitions or creditable importations   (1)   An acquisition is not a * creditable acquisition to the extent that it is a * non ‑ deductible expense.   (2)   An importation is not a * creditable importation to the extent that it is a * non ‑ deductible expense.   (3)   An acquisition or importation is a non ‑ deductible expense if it is not deductible under Division   8 of the * ITAA 1997 because of one of the following:   (a)   section   26 ‑ 5 of the * ITAA 1997 (Penalties);   (b)   section   26 ‑ 30 of the * ITAA 1997 (Relative’s travel expenses);   (c)   section   26 ‑ 40 of the * ITAA 1997 (Maintaining your family);   (d)   section   26 ‑ 45 of the * ITAA 1997 (Recreational club expenses);   (e)   section   26 ‑ 50 of the * ITAA 1997 (Expenses for a leisure facility);   (f)   Division   32 of the * ITAA 1997 (Entertainment expenses);   (g)   Division   34 of the * ITAA 1997 (Non ‑ compulsory uniforms);   (h)   section   51AK of the * ITAA 1936 (Agreements for the provision of non ‑ deductible non ‑ cash business benefits).   (3A)   An acquisition or importation is also a non ‑ deductible expense to the extent that it is not deductible under Division   8 of the * ITAA 1997 because of one of the following:   (a)   section   51AEA of the * ITAA 1936 (Meal entertainment—election to use the 50/50 split method);   (b)   section   51AEB of the ITAA 1936 (Meal entertainment—election to use the 12 week register method);   (c)   section   51AEC of the ITAA 1936 (Entertainment facility—election to use the 50/50 split method).   (4)   If the entity making the acquisition or importation is an * exempt entity, the acquisition or importation is a non ‑ deductible expense if it would have been a non ‑ deductible expense under subsection   (3) or (3A) had the entity not been an exempt entity.   (5)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 5 and 15 ‑ 5 (which are about what is a creditable acquisition and what is a creditable importation). 69 ‑ 10   Amounts of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions or creditable importations of certain cars   (1)   If:   (a)   you are entitled to an input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation of a * car; and   (b)   you are not, for the purposes of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 , entitled to quote an * ABN in relation to the supply to which the creditable acquisition relates, or in relation to the importation, as the case requires; and   (c)   the * GST inclusive market value of the car exceeds the * car limit for the * financial year in which you first used the car for any purpose; the amount of the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation is the amount of GST payable on the supply or importation of the car up to 1 / 11 of that limit.   (2)   However, if:   (a)   the supply of the car is * GST ‑ free to any extent under Subdivision   38 ‑ P; or   (b)   the importation of the car is non ‑ taxable to any extent under paragraph   13 ‑ 10(b) because it would have been GST ‑ free to any extent under Subdivision   38 ‑ P if it had been a supply; you are not entitled to the input tax credit for the acquisition or importation.   (3)   If your acquisition or importation is * partly creditable, the input tax credit is reduced to the extent (expressed as a percentage) to which the acquisition or importation is made for a * creditable purpose.   (4)   This section does not apply in relation to:   (a)   the acquisition or importation of a * car that is not a * luxury car because of subsection   25 ‑ 1(2) of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 ; or Note:   Emergency vehicles, cars fitted to transport disabled people, non ‑ passenger commercial vehicles, motor homes and campervans are not luxury cars under that subsection.   (b)   the acquisition of a car by lease or hire.   (5)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 25 and 15 ‑ 20 (which are about the amount of input tax credits on creditable acquisitions and creditable importations). Subdivision   69 ‑ B — Elections for GST purposes relating to meal entertainment and entertainment facilities 69 ‑ 15   What this Subdivision is about The GST consequences of incurring certain expenses for the provision of meal entertainment and entertainment facilities depend on elections made under fringe benefits tax law. These elections might not be made until after GST returns are due. This Subdivision allows elections to be made for GST purposes so that GST returns can take into account the likely application of subsection   69 ‑ 5(3A) to those expenses, before the fringe benefits tax elections are made. 69 ‑ 20   Effect of elections on net amounts   (1)   If you make an election under this Subdivision that has effect during a particular tax period, your * net amount for the tax period must be worked out on the basis of that election.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   17 ‑ 5 (which is about working out your net amount). 69 ‑ 25   Election to use the 50/50 split method for meal entertainment     You may elect to have acquisitions or importations treated, for the purposes of this Subdivision, as * non ‑ deductible expenses because of paragraph   69 ‑ 5(3A)(a), to the extent that the acquisitions or importations would be non ‑ deductible expenses because of that paragraph if:   (a)   an election were in force under section   37AA of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 (but no further election were in force under section   37CA of that Act); and   (b)   section   51AEA of the * ITAA 1936 were to apply, because of that election, to expenses relating to the acquisitions or importations. 69 ‑ 30   Election to use the 12 week register method for meal entertainment   (1)   You may elect to have acquisitions or importations treated, for the purposes of this Subdivision, as * non ‑ deductible expenses because of paragraph   69 ‑ 5(3A)(b), to the extent that the acquisitions or importations would be non ‑ deductible expenses because of that paragraph if:   (a)   an election were in force under section   37CA of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 ; and   (b)   section   51AEB of the * ITAA 1936 were to apply, because of that election, to expenses relating to the acquisitions or importations.   (2)   However, you cannot make the election unless you have a * valid meal entertainment register. 69 ‑ 35   Election to use the 50/50 split method for entertainment facilities     You may elect to have acquisitions or importations treated, for the purposes of this Subdivision, as * non ‑ deductible expenses because of paragraph   69 ‑ 5(3A)(c), to the extent that the acquisitions or importations would be non ‑ deductible expenses because of that paragraph if:   (a)   an election were in force under section   152B of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 ; and   (b)   section   51AEC of the * ITAA 1936 were to apply, because of that election, to expenses relating to the acquisitions or importations. 69 ‑ 40   When elections take effect   (1)   An election under this Subdivision is taken to have effect, or to have had effect, from the start of the tax period specified in the election.   (2)   The tax period may be a future tax period or the current tax period. It cannot be a tax period that has already come to an end. 69 ‑ 45   When elections cease to have effect     If a circumstance specified in the second column of the following table occurs, the election ceases to have effect from the start of the tax period specified in the third column:   When elections cease to have effect Item Kind of election Circumstance Tax period 1 Any election under this Subdivision You withdraw the election The tax period (which must not be a past tax period) specified in the withdrawal 2 An election under section   69 ‑ 25 You make an election under section   69 ‑ 30 The tax period at the start of which the election under section   69 ‑ 30 takes effect 3 An election under section   69 ‑ 30 You make an election under section   69 ‑ 25 The tax period at the start of which the election under section   69 ‑ 25 takes effect 4 An election under section   69 ‑ 30 You cease to have a * valid meal entertainment register The tax period during which you cease to have such a register 5 An election under section   69 ‑ 25 or 69 ‑ 30 You make an election under section   37AA or 37CA of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 The tax period during which the election is made 6 An election under section   69 ‑ 35 You make an election under section   152B of that Act The tax period during which the election is made 69 ‑ 50   Adjustment events relating to elections   (1)   The following are adjustment events if they have the effect of changing the extent to which an acquisition you made is a * creditable acquisition:   (a)   an election you make under this Subdivision ceases to have effect at a time other than the start of an * FBT year;   (b)   an election is made under section   37AA, 37CA or 152B of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 for an FBT year, without one or more corresponding elections under this Subdivision having been made covering all the tax periods in that year;   (c)   an election is not made under section   37AA, 37CA or 152B of that Act for an FBT year, but one or more corresponding elections have been made under this Subdivision covering one or more of the tax periods in that year.   (2)   However, an * adjustment event under this section arises only in respect of a tax period in which:   (a)   the day occurs by which you are required, under section   68 of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 , to furnish a return to the Commissioner relating to an * FBT year; or   (b)   if you are not required under that section to lodge a return relating to that FBT year—the day occurs by which you would have been required under that section to lodge a return relating to that FBT year, if you were required to lodge the return.   (3)   Subdivision   19 ‑ C applies to the acquisition in question as if every * adjustment event under this section that occurred during the * FBT year, and that relates to the acquisition, occurred during the tax period referred to in paragraph   19 ‑ 70(a).   (4)   This table sets out when elections that you make or fail to make under section   37AA, 37CA or 152B of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 correspond to elections under this Subdivision:   Corresponding elections Item These elections under the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 . .. correspond to these elections under this Subdivision... 1 an election under section   37AA, but without a further election under section   37CA an election under section   69 ‑ 25 2 an election under section   37AA, together with a further election under section   37CA an election under section   69 ‑ 30 3 an election under section   152B an election under section   69 ‑ 35 69 ‑ 55   Adjustment notes not required     Subsection   29 ‑ 20(3) does not apply to a * decreasing adjustment arising from an * adjustment event of a kind referred to in section   69 ‑ 50. Division   70 — Financial supplies (reduced credit acquisitions) 70 ‑ 1   What this Division is about In some cases, acquisitions relating to financial supplies can attract a reduced input tax credit, even though no input tax credit could arise under the basic rules. 70 ‑ 5   Acquisitions that attract the reduced credit   (1)   The regulations may provide that acquisitions of a specified kind that relate to making * financial supplies can give rise to an entitlement to a reduced input tax credit. These are reduced credit acquisitions .   (1A)   However, an acquisition is not a reduced credit acquisition to the extent (if any) that, without this Division applying, an entity is entitled to an input tax credit for the acquisition. Note:   Acquisitions relating to financial supplies can give rise to input tax credits: see subsections   11 ‑ 15(4) and (5).   (2)   For each kind of * reduced credit acquisition specified, the regulations must specify a percentage to which the input tax credit is reduced. 70 ‑ 10   Extended meaning of creditable purpose   (1)   The fact that a * reduced credit acquisition relates to making * financial supplies does not stop it being for a * creditable purpose, to the extent that it relates to making financial supplies.   (2)   The fact that you * apply a * reduced credit acquisition in making * financial supplies does not stop it being applied for a * creditable purpose, to the extent that it relates to making financial supplies.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 15 and 129 ‑ 50 (which are about the meaning of creditable purpose). 70 ‑ 15   How much are the reduced input tax credits?   (1)   The amount of an input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition of a * reduced credit acquisition is an amount equal to the GST payable on the supply of the acquisition multiplied by the percentage specified under subsection   70 ‑ 5(2) for acquisitions of that kind.   (2)   However, the amount of such an input tax credit is further reduced if the acquisition is only * partly creditable.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 25 (which is about the amount of input tax credits). 70 ‑ 20   Extent of creditable purpose   (1)   If:   (a)   a * reduced credit acquisition is a * creditable acquisition; and   (b)   it is not wholly for a * creditable purpose because of this Division; it is * partly creditable.   (2)   The extent to which the acquisition is acquired or applied for a * creditable purpose is worked out using the following formula: where: extent of creditable purpose is the extent to which the purpose for which you applied or acquired the acquisition was a * creditable purpose otherwise than because of this Division, expressed as a percentage. extent of Division   70 creditable purpose is the extent to which the purpose for which you applied or acquired the acquisition was a * creditable purpose because of this Division, expressed as a percentage. percentage credit reduction is the reduced input tax credit percentage prescribed for the purposes of subsection   70 ‑ 5(2) for an acquisition of that kind. Note:   This section affects sections   11 ‑ 30 and 129 ‑ 40. It is used even if the reduced credit acquisition is used wholly in carrying on your enterprise (unless the acquisition was wholly for a creditable purpose because of this Division, then section   70 ‑ 15 applies). Example 1:   You make a reduced credit acquisition of $110,000, wholly for the purposes of carrying on your enterprise, partly for the purpose of making financial supplies (40%) and partly for the purpose of making taxable supplies (60%). Assume the percentage credit reduction to be 50%. The extent to which you make the acquisition for a creditable purpose is:   Applying section   11 ‑ 30, your input tax credit is $8,000 (assuming you were liable for all the consideration). Example 2:   You subsequently apply the acquisition partly in making financial supplies (40%), partly in making taxable supplies (40%) and partly for private use (20%). The extent to which you made the acquisition for a creditable purpose is:   Applying Division   129, your input tax credit is reduced to $6,000, giving you an increasing adjustment of $2,000.   (3)   The Commissioner may determine, in writing, one or more ways in which to work out, for the purpose of subsection   (2), the extent to which an acquisition is for a * creditable purpose. 70 ‑ 25   Sale of reduced credit acquisitions (Division   132)   (1)   If:   (a)   you supply a * reduced credit acquisition in circumstances to which Division   132 applies; and   (b)   you made the acquisition for a * creditable purpose because of this Division, or you applied the acquisition for a * creditable purpose because of this Division; this section applies for the purposes of Division   132.   (2)   In working out the full input tax credit in subsection   132 ‑ 5(2), the reference to a * creditable purpose in paragraph   (a) of the definition of full input tax credit is to be read as a reference to a * creditable purpose otherwise than because of Division   70.   (3)   In working out the adjusted input tax credit in subsection   132 ‑ 5(2), the extent of the * creditable purpose because of subsection   132 ‑ 5(4) is increased by the following extent: where: extent of Division   70 creditable purpose has the same meaning as in section   70 ‑ 20. percentage credit reduction has the same meaning as in section   70 ‑ 20. Division   71 — Fringe benefits provided by input taxed suppliers   71 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Suppliers making input taxed supplies may not be entitled to input tax credits for acquisitions or importations they make to provide fringe benefits to their employees. Note:   Under the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 , a lower rate of fringe benefits tax is payable for providing fringe benefits without entitlement to input tax credits. 71 ‑ 5   Acquisitions by input taxed suppliers to provide fringe benefits   (1)   An acquisition that solely or partly relates to making supplies that are * input taxed is not a * creditable acquisition if:   (a)   the acquisition would (but for this section) be an acquisition of a kind referred to in paragraph   149A(2)(b) of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 ; and   (b)   the acquisition specifically relates to the provision of a particular benefit (within the meaning of that Act) in respect of which * fringe benefits tax is or will be payable.   (2)   However, this section does not apply to an acquisition if:   (a)   the only reason it relates to making supplies that are * input taxed is because it relates to making * financial supplies; and   (b)   you do not * exceed the financial acquisitions threshold.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 71 ‑ 10   Importations by input taxed suppliers to provide fringe benefits   (1)   An importation that solely or partly relates to making supplies that are * input taxed is not a * creditable importation if:   (a)   the importation would (but for this section) be an importation of a kind referred to in paragraph   149A(2)(b) of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 ; and   (b)   the importation specifically relates to the provision of a particular benefit (within the meaning of that Act) in respect of which * fringe benefits tax is or will be payable.   (2)   However, this section does not apply to an importation if:   (a)   the only reason it relates to making supplies that are * input taxed is because it relates to making * financial supplies; and   (b)   you do not * exceed the financial acquisitions threshold.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   15 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable importation). Division   72 — Associates Table of Subdivisions 72 ‑ A   Supplies without consideration 72 ‑ B   Acquisitions without consideration 72 ‑ C   Supplies for inadequate consideration 72 ‑ D   Application of this Division to certain sub ‑ entities 72 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division ensures that supplies to, and acquisitions from, your associates without consideration are brought within the GST system, and that supplies to your associates for inadequate consideration are properly valued for GST purposes. Subdivision   72 ‑ A — Supplies without consideration 72 ‑ 5   Taxable supplies without consideration   (1)   The fact that a supply to your * associate is without * consideration, does not stop the supply being a * taxable supply if:   (a)   your associate is not * registered or * required to be registered; or   (b)   your associate acquires the thing supplied otherwise than solely for a * creditable purpose.   (2)   This section has effect despite paragraphs 9 ‑ 5(a) and 84 ‑ 5(1)(a) (which would otherwise require a taxable supply to be for consideration).   (3)   However, this section does not apply to any supply that is constituted by an insured entity settling a claim under an * insurance policy or by an entity (other than an * operator) settling a claim under a * compulsory third party scheme. 72 ‑ 10   The value of taxable supplies without consideration   (1)   If a supply to your * associate without * consideration is a * taxable supply, its value is the * GST exclusive market value of the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies).   (3)   This section does not apply to a supply that is a * taxable supply because of section   84 ‑ 5 (which is about offshore supplies). 72 ‑ 15   Attributing the GST to tax periods   (1)   The tax period to which the GST on a * taxable supply to your * associate without * consideration is attributable is the tax period in which the supply first becomes a supply that is * connected with the indirect tax zone.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 5 (which is about attributing GST on taxable supplies). 72 ‑ 20   Supplies and acquisitions that would otherwise be sales etc.   (1)   If, apart from a lack of * consideration:   (a)   a supply to your * associate from you; or   (b)   a supply to you from your associate; would be a sale or some other kind of supply, the supply is taken for the purposes of the * GST law to be a supply of that kind.   (2)   If, apart from a lack of * consideration:   (a)   an acquisition by your * associate from you; or   (b)   an acquisition by you from your associate; would be by sale or some other means, the acquisition is taken for the purposes of the * GST law to be an acquisition by that means. 72 ‑ 25   Supplies that would otherwise be GST ‑ free, input taxed or financial supplies     The fact that a supply to or from your * associate is without * consideration does not stop the supply from being any of the following for the purposes of the * GST law:   (a)   a * GST ‑ free supply;   (b)   a supply that is * input taxed;   (c)   a * financial supply. Subdivision   72 ‑ B — Acquisitions without consideration 72 ‑ 40   Creditable acquisitions without consideration   (1)   The fact that an acquisition from your * associate is without * consideration does not stop the acquisition being a * creditable acquisition if you acquire the thing supplied otherwise than solely for a * creditable purpose.   (2)   This section has effect despite paragraph   11 ‑ 5(c) (which would otherwise require a creditable acquisition to be for consideration).   (3)   However, this section does not apply to any acquisition that is constituted by an insurer settling a claim under an * insurance policy or by an * operator settling a claim under a * compulsory third party scheme. 72 ‑ 45   The amount of the input tax credit   (1)   The amount of the input tax credit on an acquisition from your * associate that is without * consideration is as follows: where: extent of creditable purpose is the extent to which the creditable acquisition is for a * creditable purpose, expressed as a percentage of the total purpose of the acquisition. full input tax credit is what would have been the amount of the input tax credit for the acquisition if it had been made solely for a creditable purpose and you had provided, or had been liable to provide, all of the consideration for the acquisition.   (1A)   However, if:   (a)   an * annual apportionment election that you have made has effect at the end of the tax period to which the input tax credit is attributable; and   (b)   the acquisition is not an acquisition of a kind specified in the regulations made for the purposes of paragraph   131 ‑ 40(1)(b); the amount of the input tax credit on the acquisition is worked out under section   131 ‑ 40 as if you had provided, or had been liable to provide, all of the * consideration for the acquisition.   (2)   This section has effect despite subsection   11 ‑ 30(3) (which is about the amount of input tax credits on partly creditable acquisitions). 72 ‑ 50   Attributing the input tax credit to tax periods   (1)   The tax period to which the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition from your * associate without * consideration is attributable is the tax period in which the supply to which the acquisition relates first becomes a supply that is * connected with the indirect tax zone.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 10 (which is about attributing input tax credits for creditable acquisitions). Subdivision   72 ‑ C — Supplies for inadequate consideration 72 ‑ 70   The value of taxable supplies for inadequate consideration   (1)   If a supply to your * associate for * consideration that is less than the * GST inclusive market value is a * taxable supply, its value is the * GST exclusive market value of the supply.   (2)   Subsection   (1) does not apply if:   (a)   your associate is * registered or * required to be registered; and   (b)   your associate acquires the thing supplied solely for a * creditable purpose.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies).   (4)   This section does not apply to a supply that is a * taxable supply because of section   84 ‑ 5 (which is about offshore supplies). Subdivision   72 ‑ D — Application of this Division to certain sub ‑ entities 72 ‑ 90   GST branches     This Division applies to a * GST branch of an entity as if the GST branch were an * associate of:   (a)   that entity; and   (b)   every other GST branch of that entity; and   (c)   any other associate of that entity. 72 ‑ 92   Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities     This Division applies to a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity of an entity as if the non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity were an * associate of:   (a)   that entity; and   (b)   every other non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity of that entity; and   (c)   any other associate of that entity. 72 ‑ 95   Commonwealth government entities   (1)   This Division applies to a * government entity that is:   (a)   a Department of State of the Commonwealth; or   (b)   a Department of the Parliament established under the Parliamentary Service Act 1999 ; or   (c)   an Executive Agency, or Statutory Agency, within the meaning of the Public Service Act 1999 ; or   (d)   an organisation, established by the Commonwealth, of a kind referred to in paragraph   (e) of the definition of government entity in section   41 of the A New Tax System (Australian Business Number) Act 1999 ; as if the government entity were an * associate of the Commonwealth, of every other government entity of a kind referred to in paragraph   (a), (b), (c) or (d) and of any other associate of the Commonwealth.   (2)   However, this Division does not apply to a supply or acquisition if a payment for the supply or acquisition is covered by subsection   9 ‑ 17(3) or (4). 72 ‑ 100   State or Territory government entities   (1)   This Division applies to a * government entity that is:   (a)   a Department of State of a State or Territory; or   (b)   an organisation, established by a State or Territory, of a kind referred to in paragraph   (e) of the definition of government entity in section   41 of the A New Tax System (Australian Business Number) Act 1999 ; as if the government entity were an * associate of:   (c)   that State or Territory; and   (d)   every other Department of State of that State or Territory, or organisation, established by that State or Territory, of a kind referred to in paragraph   (e) of that definition; and   (e)   any other associate of that State or Territory.   (2)   However, this Division does not apply to a supply or acquisition if a payment for the supply or acquisition is covered by subsection   9 ‑ 17(3) or (4). Division   75 — Sale of freehold interests etc. 75 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division allows you to use a margin scheme to bring within the GST system your taxable supplies of freehold interests in land, of stratum units and of long ‑ term leases. 75 ‑ 5   Applying the margin scheme   (1)   The * margin scheme applies in working out the amount of GST on a * taxable supply of * real property that you make by:   (a)   selling a freehold interest in land; or   (b)   selling a * stratum unit; or   (c)   granting or selling a * long ‑ term lease; if you and the * recipient of the supply have agreed in writing that the margin scheme is to apply.   (1A)   The agreement must be made:   (a)   on or before the making of the supply; or   (b)   within such further period as the Commissioner allows. Note:   Refusing to allow, or allowing, a further period within which to make an agreement is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (1B)   A supply that you make to your * associate is taken for the purposes of subsection   (1) to be a sale to your associate whether or not the supply is for * consideration.   (2)   However, the * margin scheme does not apply if you acquired the entire freehold interest, * stratum unit or * long ‑ term lease through a supply that was * ineligible for the margin scheme. Note:   If you acquired part of the interest, unit or lease through a supply that was ineligible for the margin scheme, you may have an increasing adjustment: see section   75 ‑ 22.   (3)   A supply is ineligible for the margin scheme if:   (a)   it is a * taxable supply on which the GST was worked out without applying the * margin scheme; or   (b)   it is a supply of a thing you acquired by * inheriting it from a deceased person, and the deceased person had acquired all of it through a supply that was ineligible for the margin scheme; or   (c)   it is a supply in relation to which all of the following apply:   (i)   you were a * member of a * GST group at the time you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question;   (ii)   the entity from whom you acquired it was a member of the GST group at that time;   (iii)   the last supply of the interest, unit or lease by an entity who was not (at the time of that supply) a member of the GST group to an entity who was (at that time) such a member was a supply that was ineligible for the margin scheme; or   (d)   it is a supply in relation to which both of the following apply:   (i)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease from the * joint venture operator of a * GST joint venture at a time when you were a * participant in the joint venture;   (ii)   the joint venture operator had acquired the interest, unit or lease through a supply that was ineligible for the margin scheme; or   (e)   it is a supply in relation to which all of the following apply:   (i)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease from an entity as, or as part of, a * supply of a going concern to you that was * GST ‑ free under Subdivision   38 ‑ J;   (ii)   the entity was * registered or * required to be registered, at the time of the acquisition;   (iii)   the entity had acquired the entire interest, unit or lease through a taxable supply on which the GST was worked out without applying the margin scheme; or   (f)   it is a supply in relation to which all of the following apply:   (i)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease from an entity as, or as part of, a supply to you that was GST ‑ free under Subdivision   38 ‑ O;   (ii)   the entity was registered or required to be registered, at the time of the acquisition;   (iii)   the entity had acquired the entire interest, unit or lease through a taxable supply on which the GST was worked out without applying the margin scheme; or   (g)   it is a supply in relation to which all of the following apply:   (i)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease from an entity who was your * associate, and who was registered or required to be registered, at the time of the acquisition;   (ii)   the acquisition from your associate was without * consideration;   (iii)   the supply by your associate was not a taxable supply;   (iv)   your associate made the supply in the course or furtherance of an * enterprise that your associate * carried on;   (v)   your associate had acquired the entire interest, unit or lease through a taxable supply on which the GST was worked out without applying the margin scheme.   (3A)   Subparagraphs   (3)(g)(iii) and (iv) do not apply if the acquisition from your * associate was not by means of a supply by your associate.   (4)   A reference in paragraph   (3)(b), (c) or (d) to a supply that was ineligible for the margin scheme is a reference to a supply:   (a)   that was ineligible for the margin scheme because of one or more previous applications of subsection   (3); or   (b)   that would have been ineligible for the margin scheme for that reason if subsection   (3) had been in force at all relevant times. 75 ‑ 10   The amount of GST on taxable supplies   (1)   If a * taxable supply of * real property is under the * margin scheme, the amount of GST on the supply is 1 / 11 of the * margin for the supply.   (2)   Subject to subsection   (3) and section   75 ‑ 11, the margin for the supply is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds the consideration for your acquisition of the interest, unit or lease in question.   (3)   Subject to section   75 ‑ 11, if:   (a)   the circumstances specified in an item in the second column of the table in this subsection apply to the supply; and   (b)   an * approved valuation of the freehold interest, * stratum unit or * long ‑ term lease, as at the day specified in the corresponding item in the third column of the table, has been made; the margin for the supply is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds that valuation of the interest, unit or lease.   Use of valuations to work out margins Item When valuations may be used Days when valuations are to be made 1 The supplier acquired the interest, unit or lease before 1   July 2000, and items   2, 3 and 4 do not apply. 1   July 2000 2 The supplier acquired the interest, unit or lease before 1   July 2000, but does not become * registered or * required to be registered until after 1   July 2000. The date of effect of your registration, or the day on which you applied for registration (if it is earlier) 2A The supplier acquired the interest, unit or lease on or after 1   July 2000, but the supply to the supplier: (a) was * GST ‑ free under subsection   38 ‑ 445(1A); and 1   July 2000   (b) related to a supply before 1   July 2000, by way of lease, that would have been GST ‑ free under section   38 ‑ 450 had it been made on or after 1   July 2000.   3 The supplier is * registered or * required to be registered and has held the interest, unit or lease since before 1   July 2000, and there were improvements on the land or premises in question as at 1   July 2000. 1   July 2000 4 The supplier is the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory and has held the interest, unit or lease since before 1   July 2000, and there were no improvements on the land or premises in question as at 1   July 2000. The day on which the * taxable supply takes place   (3A)   If:   (a)   the circumstances specified in item   4 in the second column of the table in subsection   (3) apply to the supply; and   (b)   there are improvements on the land or premises in question on the day on which the * taxable supply takes place; the valuation is to be made as if there are no improvements on the land or premises on that day.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 70 (which is about the amount of GST on taxable supplies). Note:   Section   9 ‑ 90 (rounding of amounts of GST) can apply to amounts of GST worked out using this section. 75 ‑ 11   Margins for supplies of real property in particular circumstances Margin for supply of real property acquired from fellow member of GST group   (1)   If:   (a)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question at a time when both you and the entity from whom you acquired it were * members of the same * GST group; and   (b)   on or after 1   July 2000, there has been a supply (an earlier supply ) of the interest, unit or lease that occurred at a time when the supplier was not a member of the GST group; and   (ba)   the * recipient was at that time, or subsequently became, a member of the GST group; the margin for the supply you make is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds:   (c)   the consideration for the last such earlier supply, if the supplier and the recipient were not * associates at that time; or   (d)   the * GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease at that time, if the 2 entities were associates at that time.   (2)   If:   (a)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question at a time when both you and the entity from whom you acquired it were * members of the same * GST group; and   (b)   subsection   (1) does not apply; the margin for the supply you make is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds an * approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at 1   July 2000. Margin for supply of real property acquired from joint venture operator of a GST joint venture   (2A)   If:   (a)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question at a time when you were a * participant in a * GST joint venture and the entity from whom you acquired it was the * joint venture operator of the joint venture; and   (b)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease for consumption, use or supply in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into; and   (c)   on or after 1   July 2000, there has been a supply (an earlier supply ) of the interest, unit or lease to the entity from whom you acquired it (whether or not that entity was the joint venture operator of the joint venture at the time of that acquisition); the margin for the supply you make is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds:   (d)   the consideration for the last such earlier supply, if the supplier and the * recipient were not * associates at the time of the earlier supply; or   (e)   the * GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease at that time, if the 2 entities were associates at that time.   (2B)   If:   (a)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question at a time when you were a * participant in a * GST joint venture and the entity from whom you acquired it was the * joint venture operator of the joint venture; and   (b)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease for consumption, use or supply in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into; and   (c)   subsection   (2A) does not apply; the margin for the supply you make is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds an * approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at 1   July 2000. Margin for supply of real property acquired from deceased estate   (3)   If:   (a)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question by * inheriting it; and   (b)   none of subsections   (1) to (2B) applies; and   (c)   the entity from whom you inherited the interest, unit or lease (the deceased ) acquired it before 1   July 2000; the margin for the supply you make is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds:   (ca)   if you know what was the consideration for the supply of the interest, unit or lease to the deceased and you choose to use that consideration to work out the margin for the supply—that consideration; or   (d)   if paragraph   (ca) does not apply and, immediately before the time at which you inherited the interest, unit or lease, the deceased was neither * registered nor * required to be registered—an * approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at the latest of:   (i)   1   July 2000; or   (ii)   the day on which you inherited the interest, unit or lease; or   (iii)   the first day on which you registered or were required to be registered; or   (e)   if paragraph   (ca) does not apply and, immediately before the time at which you inherited the interest, unit or lease, the deceased was registered or required to be registered—an approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at the later of:   (i)   1   July 2000; or   (ii)   the first day on which the deceased registered or was required to be registered.   (4)   If:   (a)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question by * inheriting it; and   (b)   none of subsections   (1) to (2B) applies; and   (c)   the entity from whom you inherited the interest, unit or lease (the deceased ) acquired it on or after 1   July 2000; the margin for the supply you make is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds:   (d)   if you know what was the consideration for the supply of the interest, unit or lease to the deceased and you choose to use that consideration to work out the margin for the supply—that consideration; or   (e)   if paragraph   (d) does not apply—an * approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at the day on which the deceased acquired it. Margin for supply of real property acquired as a GST ‑ free going concern or as GST ‑ free farm land   (5)   If:   (a)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question from an entity as, or as part of:   (i)   a * supply of a going concern to you that was * GST ‑ free under Subdivision   38 ‑ J; or   (ii)   a supply to you that was GST ‑ free under Subdivision   38 ‑ O; and   (b)   the entity was * registered or * required to be registered, at the time of the acquisition; and   (c)   none of subsections   (1) to (4) applies; the margin for the supply you make is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds:   (d)   if that entity had acquired the interest, unit or lease before 1   July 2000 and on that day was registered or required to be registered:   (i)   if you choose to apply an * approved valuation to work out the margin for the supply—an approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at 1   July 2000; or   (ii)   if subparagraph   (i) does not apply—the * GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease as at 1   July 2000; or   (e)   if that entity had acquired the interest, unit or lease on or after 1   July 2000 and had been registered or required to be registered at the time of the acquisition:   (i)   if the entity’s acquisition was for consideration and you choose to apply an approved valuation to work out the margin for the supply—an approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at the day on which the entity had acquired it; or   (ii)   if the entity’s acquisition was for consideration and subparagraph   (i) does not apply—that consideration; or   (iii)   if the entity’s acquisition was without consideration—the GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease as at the time of the acquisition; or   (f)   if that entity had not been registered or required to be registered at the time of the entity’s acquisition of the interest, unit or lease (and paragraph   (d) does not apply):   (i)   if you choose to apply an approved valuation to work out the margin for the supply—an approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at the first day on which the entity was registered or required to be registered; or   (ii)   if subparagraph   (i) does not apply—the GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease as at that day. Margin for supply of real property acquired from associate   (6)   If:   (a)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question from an entity who was your * associate, and who was * registered or * required to be registered, at the time of the acquisition; and   (b)   the acquisition from your associate was without * consideration; and   (c)   the supply by your associate was not a * taxable supply; and   (d)   your associate made the supply in the course or furtherance of an * enterprise that your associate * carried on; and   (e)   none of subsections   (1) to (5) applies; the margin for the supply you make is the amount by which the consideration for the supply exceeds:   (f)   if your associate had acquired the interest, unit or lease before 1   July 2000 and on that day was registered or required to be registered:   (i)   if you choose to apply an * approved valuation to work out the margin for the supply—an approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at 1   July 2000; or   (ii)   if subparagraph   (i) does not apply—the * GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease as at 1   July 2000; or   (g)   if your associate had acquired the interest, unit or lease on or after 1   July 2000 and had been registered or required to be registered at the time of the acquisition:   (i)   if your associate’s acquisition was for consideration and you choose to apply an approved valuation to work out the margin for the supply—an approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at the day on which your associate had acquired it; or   (ii)   if your associate’s acquisition was for consideration and subparagraph   (i) does not apply—that consideration; or   (iii)   if your associate’s acquisition was without consideration—the GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease at the time of the acquisition; or   (h)   if your associate had not been registered or required to be registered at the time of your associate’s acquisition of the interest, unit or lease (and paragraph   (f) does not apply):   (i)   if you choose to apply an approved valuation to work out the margin for the supply—an approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at the first day on which the entity was registered or required to be registered; or   (ii)   if subparagraph   (i) does not apply—the GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease as at that day.   (6A)   Paragraphs   (6)(c) and (d) do not apply if the acquisition from your * associate was not by means of a supply by your associate.   (6B)   To avoid doubt, you cannot be taken, for the purposes of paragraph   (5)(f) or (6)(h), to be * registered or * required to be registered on a day earlier than 1   July 2000.   (7)   If:   (a)   you acquired the interest, unit or lease in question from an entity who was your * associate at the time of the acquisition; and   (b)   none of the other subsections of this section apply; the margin for the supply you make is the amount by which the * consideration for the supply exceeds:   (c)   if your acquisition was made before 1   July 2000—an * approved valuation of the interest, unit or lease as at 1   July 2000; or   (d)   if your acquisition was made on or after 1   July 2000—the * GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease at the time of the acquisition.   (8)   Subsection   (6) or (7) applies to an acquisition through a supply made by:   (a)   a * GST branch; or   (b)   a * non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity; or   (c)   a * government entity of a kind referred to in section   72 ‑ 95 or 72 ‑ 100; as if Subdivision   72 ‑ D affected the operation of that subsection in the same way that it affects the operation of Division   72. 75 ‑ 12   Working out margins to take into account failure to pay full consideration     In working out the * margin for a * taxable supply of * real property you make (the later supply ), if:   (a)   you had acquired the interest, unit or lease in question through a supply (the earlier supply ); and   (b)   the * consideration for:   (i)   if your acquisition was not an acquisition from a * member of a * GST group of which you were also a member at the time of the acquisition—the earlier supply; or   (ii)   if your acquisition was such an acquisition—the last supply of the interest, unit or lease at a time when the supplier of that last supply was not, but the * recipient of that last supply was, a member of the GST group;     had not been paid in full at the time of the later supply; treat the amount of the consideration as having been reduced by the amount of unpaid consideration referred to in paragraph   (b). Note:   If you subsequently pay more of the consideration for the earlier supply, you may have a decreasing adjustment: see section   75 ‑ 27. 75 ‑ 13   Working out margins to take into account supplies to associates     In working out the * margin for a * taxable supply of * real property you make to an entity who is your * associate at the time of the supply, treat the * consideration for the supply (whether or not the supply was for consideration) as if it were the same as the * GST inclusive market value of the interest, unit or lease at the time of the supply. 75 ‑ 14   Consideration for acquisition of real property not to include cost of improvements etc.   (1)   To avoid doubt, in working out the * consideration for an acquisition for the purposes of applying the * margin scheme to a * taxable supply of * real property, disregard:   (a)   the cost or value of any other acquisitions that have been made by you, or any work that has been performed, in relation to the real property; and   (b)   the cost or value of any other acquisitions that are intended to be made by you, or any work that is intended to be performed, in relation to the real property after its acquisition; including acquisitions or work connected with bringing into existence the interest, unit or lease supplied.   (2)   This section does not affect what constitutes * consideration for a purpose not connected with applying the * margin scheme. 75 ‑ 15   Subdivided real property   (1)   This section applies if you make a * taxable supply of * real property that relates only to part of the land or premises in which you acquired an interest, unit or lease.   (2)   In applying any of sections   75 ‑ 10 to 75 ‑ 14 in working out the * margin for the * taxable supply, use only the corresponding proportion of the following (as applicable):   (a)   the * consideration for the acquisition or supply referred to in that section of that interest, unit or lease;   (b)   an * approved valuation of that interest, unit or lease as at the day referred to in that section;   (c)   the * GST inclusive market value of that interest, unit or lease as at the day or time referred to in that section. Example 1:   If subsection   75 ‑ 11(2) applies, use only the corresponding proportion of an approved valuation of your interest, unit or lease in the unsubdivided property as at 1   July 2000. Example 2:   If subparagraph   75 ‑ 11(5)(e)(ii) applies, use only the corresponding proportion of the consideration for the acquisition of the interest, unit or lease in the unsubdivided property by the entity that supplied it to you. 75 ‑ 16   Margins for supplies of real property acquired through several acquisitions   (1)   If:   (a)   you make a * taxable supply of * real property under the * margin scheme; and   (b)   the interest, unit or lease in question is one that you acquired through 2 or more acquisitions ( partial acquisitions ); and   (c)   one of the following provisions (a margin provision ) applies in relation to such a partial acquisition, or would so apply if the partial acquisition had been an acquisition of the whole of the interest, unit or lease:   (i)   section   75 ‑ 10;   (ii)   subsection   75 ‑ 11(1), (2), (2A), (2B), (3), (4), (5), (6) or (7); the margin provision applies, in working out the margin for the supply you make, only to the extent that the supply is connected to the partial acquisition.   (2)   The application of a margin provision in relation to one of the partial acquisitions does not prevent that margin provision or a different margin provision applying in relation to another of the partial acquisitions. 75 ‑ 20   Supplies under a margin scheme do not give rise to creditable acquisitions   (1)   An acquisition of a freehold interest in land, a * stratum unit or a * long ‑ term lease is not a * creditable acquisition if the supply of the interest, unit or lease was a * taxable supply under the * margin scheme.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 75 ‑ 22   Increasing adjustment relating to input tax credit entitlement   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you make a * taxable supply of * real property under the * margin scheme; and   (b)   an acquisition that you made of part of the interest, unit or lease in question was made through a supply that was * ineligible for the margin scheme; and   (c)   you were, or are, entitled to an input tax credit for the acquisition. The amount of the increasing adjustment is an amount equal to the * previously attributed input tax credit amount for the acquisition.   (2)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you make a * taxable supply of * real property under the * margin scheme; and   (b)   you acquired all or part of the interest, unit or lease in question by inheriting it; and   (c)   the entity from whom you inherited (the deceased ) had acquired part of the interest, unit or lease that you inherited through a supply that was * ineligible for the margin scheme; and   (d)   the deceased was entitled to an input tax credit for that acquisition. The amount of the increasing adjustment is an amount equal to the * previously attributed input tax credit amount for the acquisition.   (3)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you make a * taxable supply of * real property under the * margin scheme; and   (b)   an acquisition that you made of part of the interest, unit or lease in question was made through a supply that was * ineligible for the margin scheme because of paragraph   75 ‑ 5(3)(e), (f) or (g); and   (c)   the entity from whom you made the acquisition had been entitled to an input tax credit for its acquisition.   (4)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you make a * taxable supply of * real property under the * margin scheme; and   (b)   the acquisition that you made of the interest, unit or lease in question:   (i)   was made through a supply that was * GST ‑ free under Subdivision   38 ‑ J or Subdivision   38 ‑ O; or   (ii)   was made through a supply (other than a taxable supply) from your * associate without * consideration and in the course or furtherance of an * enterprise that your associate * carried on; or   (iii)   was made from your associate but not by means of a supply from your associate; and   (c)   the entity from whom you acquired the interest, unit or lease:   (i)   acquired part of the interest, unit or lease through a supply that would have been * ineligible for the margin scheme if it had been a supply of the whole of the interest, unit or lease; and   (ii)   had been entitled to an input tax credit for its acquisition; and   (iii)   was * registered or * required to be registered, at the time of your acquisition of the interest, unit or lease.   (5)   The amount of the * increasing adjustment under subsection   (3) or (4) is an amount equal to 1 / 11 of:   (a)   if you choose to apply an * approved valuation to work out the amount—an approved valuation of the part of the interest, unit or lease referred to in paragraph   (3)(b) or subparagraph   (4)(c)(i) as at the day on which the entity had acquired it; or   (b)   otherwise—the * consideration for the entity’s acquisition of that part of the interest, unit or lease. 75 ‑ 25   Adjustments relating to bad debts   (1)   If:   (a)   you have an * adjustment under Division   21 relating to a supply that you made that is a * taxable supply of * real property under the * margin scheme; and   (b)   the amount of the adjustment would (apart from this section) exceed 1 / 11 of the * margin for the supply; the amount of the adjustment is 1 / 11 of the margin for the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   21 ‑ 5 and 21 ‑ 10 (which are about adjustments for writing off and recovering suppliers’ bad debts). 75 ‑ 27   Decreasing adjustment for later payment of consideration   (1)   You have a decreasing adjustment if:   (a)   section   75 ‑ 12 applied to working out the * margin for a * taxable supply of * real property that you made; and   (b)   after you made the supply, a further amount of the * consideration was paid for the earlier supply referred to in that section.   (2)   The amount of the decreasing adjustment is an amount equal to 1 / 11 of the further amount of the * consideration paid. 75 ‑ 30   Tax invoices not required for supplies of real property under the margin scheme   (1)   You are not required to issue a * tax invoice for a * taxable supply that you make that is solely a supply of * real property under the * margin scheme.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 70 (which is about the requirement to issue tax invoices). 75 ‑ 35   Approved valuations   (1)   The Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, determine in writing requirements for making valuations for the purposes of this Division.   (2)   A valuation made in accordance with those requirements is an approved valuation . Division   78 — Insurance 78 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Stamp duty is not included in working out the GST on insurance premiums. Insurers have decreasing adjustments which enable the net GST on insurance to reflect correctly their margins after settlements of claims are taken into account. Note:   Payments and supplies under compulsory third party schemes are dealt with in some cases under this Division and in others under Division   79 or 80. Table of Subdivisions 78 ‑ A   Insurers 78 ‑ B   Insured entities etc. 78 ‑ C   Third parties 78 ‑ D   Insured entities that are not registered etc. 78 ‑ E   Statutory compensation schemes 78 ‑ F   Miscellaneous Subdivision   78 ‑ A — Insurers 78 ‑ 5   GST on insurance premiums is exclusive of stamp duty   (1)   The * value of a * taxable supply of an * insurance policy is worked out as if the * price of the supply were reduced by the amount of any stamp duty payable under a * State law or * Territory law in respect of the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). 78 ‑ 10   Decreasing adjustments for settlements of insurance claims   (1)   An insurer has a decreasing adjustment if, in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy, the insurer makes one or more of the following:   (a)   a payment of * money;   (b)   a payment of * digital currency;   (c)   a supply.   (2)   However, this section only applies if:   (a)   the supply of the * insurance policy by the insurer was solely or partly a * taxable supply; and   (b)   either:   (i)   there was no entitlement to an input tax credit for the premium paid in relation to the period during which the event giving rise to the claim happened; or   (ii)   there was an entitlement to such an input tax credit, but the amount of the input tax credit was less than the GST payable by the insurer for the taxable supply; and   (c)   the insurer settles the claim for a * creditable purpose; and   (d)   the insurer is * registered, or * required to be registered; and   (e)   the settlement does not relate solely to one or more * non ‑ creditable insurance events.   (2A)   In working out the amount of an input tax credit for the purposes of subparagraph   (2)(b)(ii), disregard sections   131 ‑ 40 and 131 ‑ 50 (which are about amounts of input tax credits under the annual apportionment rules).   (3)   An event is a non ‑ creditable insurance event if the supply of an * insurance policy would not be a * taxable supply if it were only an insurance policy against loss, damage, injury or risk that relates to that event happening. 78 ‑ 15   How to work out the decreasing adjustments No input tax credit for the premium   (1)   If there was no entitlement to an input tax credit for the premium paid in relation to the period during which the event giving rise to the claim happened, the amount of the decreasing adjustment is 1 / 11 of the * settlement amount. Partial input tax credit for the premium   (2)   If there was an entitlement to such an input tax credit, the amount of the decreasing adjustment is as follows: where: extent of input tax credit is the amount of the input tax credit expressed as a fraction of the GST payable for the supply of the * insurance policy for the period to which the premium relates. Note:   There is no decreasing adjustment if there is a full input tax credit for the premium paid: see paragraph   78 ‑ 10(2)(b). Non ‑ creditable insurance events   (3)   The amount of the decreasing adjustment under subsection   (1) or (2) is reduced to the extent (if any) that the settlement relates to one or more * non ‑ creditable insurance events. Settlement amounts   (4)   The settlement amount is worked out using this method statement. Method statement Step 1.   Add together:   (a)   the sum of the payments of * money, or * digital currency, (if any) made in settlement of the claim; and   (b)   the * GST inclusive market value of the supplies (if any) made by the insurer in settlement of the claim (other than supplies that would have been * taxable supplies but for section   78 ‑ 25). Step 2.   If any payments of excess were made to the insurer under the * insurance policy in question, subtract from the step 1 amount the sum of all those payments (except to the extent that they are payments of excess to which section   78 ‑ 18 applies). Step 3.   Multiply the step 1 amount, or (if step 2 applies) the step 2 amount, by the following:     where:   extent of input tax credit has the meaning given by subsection   (2). 78 ‑ 18   Increasing adjustments for payments of excess under insurance policies   (1)   An insurer has an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   there is a payment of an excess to the insurer under an * insurance policy; and   (b)   the insurer makes, or has made, payments or supplies in settlement of a claim under the policy; and   (c)   the insurer makes, or has made, * creditable acquisitions or * creditable importations directly for the purpose of settling the claim.   (2)   The amount of the increasing adjustment is 1 / 11 of the amount that represents the extent to which the payment of excess relates to * creditable acquisitions and * creditable importations made by the insurer directly for the purpose of settling the claim.   (3)   An insurer has an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   there is a payment of an excess to the insurer under an * insurance policy; and   (b)   the insurer makes, or has made, * creditable acquisitions or * creditable importations directly for the purpose of settling the claim; and   (c)   the insurer has not made any payments or supplies in settlement of the claim. The amount of the increasing adjustment is 1 / 11 of the amount of the payment of the excess. 78 ‑ 20   Settlements of insurance claims do not give rise to creditable acquisitions   (1)   If, in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy, an insurer makes one or more of the following:   (a)   a payment of * money;   (b)   a payment of * digital currency;   (c)   a supply; the payment or supply is not treated as * consideration for an acquisition made by the insurer.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 78 ‑ 25   Supplies in settlement of claims are not taxable supplies   (1)   A supply that an insurer makes in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy is not a * taxable supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 78 ‑ 30   Acquisitions by insurers in the course of settling claims under non ‑ taxable policies   (1)   An acquisition is not a * creditable acquisition if:   (a)   the insurer makes the acquisition:   (i)   to the extent that the acquisition is an acquisition of goods—solely for the purpose of supplying the goods in the course of settling a claim under an * insurance policy; or   (ii)   otherwise—solely for a purpose directly related to settling a particular claim under an * insurance policy; and   (b)   the supply of the insurance policy by the insurer was * GST ‑ free.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 78 ‑ 35   Taxable supplies relating to rights of subrogation   (1)   If, in settlement of a claim made by an insurer in the insurer’s exercising of rights of subrogation in respect of an * insurance policy, an entity that is not insured under the policy makes one or more of the following:   (a)   a payment of * money;   (b)   a payment of * digital currency;   (c)   a supply; the payment or supply is not treated as * consideration for a supply made by the insurer (whether or not the payment or supply is made to the insurer) or by the entity insured.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 78 ‑ 40   Adjustment events relating to decreasing adjustments under this Division   (1)   Division   19 applies in relation to a * decreasing adjustment that an insurer has under this Division as if:   (a)   the adjustment were an input tax credit; and   (b)   the settlement of the claim to which the adjustment relates were a * creditable acquisition that the insurer made; and   (c)   any payment or supply made by another entity, in settlement of a claim made by an insurer in the insurer’s exercising of rights of subrogation in respect of the * insurance policy in question, were a reduction in the * consideration for the acquisition.   (2)   Paragraph   (1)(c) does not apply to a payment by another entity in relation to which an * increasing adjustment arises under section   80 ‑ 30 or 80 ‑ 70 (which are about settlement sharing arrangements). 78 ‑ 42   Adjustment events relating to increasing adjustments under section   78 ‑ 18     Division   19 applies in relation to an * increasing adjustment that an insurer has under section   78 ‑ 18 as if:   (a)   payments of excess under an * insurance policy to which the adjustment relates were * consideration for a * taxable supply that the insurer made; and   (b)   the adjustment were the GST payable on the taxable supply; and   (c)   any refund of that payment of excess made by the insurer were a reduction in the consideration for the supply. Subdivision   78 ‑ B — Insured entities etc. 78 ‑ 45   Settlements of insurance claims do not give rise to taxable supplies   (1)   If, in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy, an insurer makes one or more of the following:   (a)   a payment of * money;   (b)   a payment of * digital currency;   (c)   a supply; the payment or supply is not treated as * consideration for a supply made by the entity insured, or by any entity (other than the entity insured) that was entitled to an input tax credit for the premium paid for the insurance policy.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 78 ‑ 50   Settlements of insurance claims give rise to taxable supplies if entitlement to input tax credits is not disclosed   (1)   However, the payment or supply is treated as * consideration for a supply made by an entity if:   (a)   the entity paid all or a part of the premium, for the * insurance policy, relating to the period during which the event giving rise to the claim happened; and   (b)   the entity, or the * representative member of the * GST group of which the entity is a * member, was entitled to an input tax credit for the premium it paid; and   (c)   the entity:   (i)   did not, at or before the time a claim was first made under the insurance policy since the last payment of a premium, inform the insurer of the entitlement to an input tax credit for the premium it paid; or   (ii)   in informing the insurer of the entitlement at or before that time, understated its extent; and   (d)   the insurance policy was not issued under a * compulsory third party scheme. It does not matter whether that entity is the entity insured, or whether the payment or supply is made to that entity or any other entity.   (2)   The extent to which the payment or supply is treated as * consideration is the extent of the entitlement, or the extent to which the entitlement was understated, as the case requires.   (2A)   In working out, for the purposes of subparagraph   (1)(c)(ii) or subsection   (2), whether an entitlement to an input tax credit has been understated, or the extent of the understatement, disregard sections   131 ‑ 40 and 131 ‑ 50 (which are about amounts of input tax credits under the annual apportionment rules).   (3)   The supply made by the entity is a taxable supply whether or not the entity is * registered, or * required to be registered, at the time of the settlement or at the time of the payment or supply by the insurer. Note:   Subdivision   78 ‑ D deals with how GST applies to the taxable supply if the insured entity is not registered, or required to be registered.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies) and section   9 ‑ 17 (which is about consideration). 78 ‑ 55   Payments of excess under insurance policies are not consideration for supplies   (1)   The making of any payment by an entity is not treated as * consideration for a supply, to the entity or any other entity, to the extent that the payment is the payment of an excess to the insurer under an * insurance policy.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 78 ‑ 60   Supplies of goods to insurers in the course of settling claims   (1)   A supply of goods is not a * taxable supply if it is solely a supply made under an * insurance policy to an insurer in the course of settling a claim under the policy.   (2)   In working out the value of a * taxable supply that is partly a supply of goods made under an * insurance policy to an insurer in the course of settling a claim under the policy, disregard the * consideration to the extent that it relates to the supply of those goods.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies) and section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). Subdivision   78 ‑ C — Third parties 78 ‑ 65   Payments etc. to third parties by insurers   (1)   The making of any payment by an insurer to an entity is not treated as * consideration for a supply to the insurer by the entity, to the extent that:   (a)   the payment is made in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy under which the entity is not insured; and   (b)   the payment is to discharge a liability owed to that entity by the entity insured.   (2)   The making of any supply by an insurer to an entity:   (a)   is not to be treated as a * taxable supply by the insurer; and   (b)   is not to be treated as * consideration for a supply to the insurer by the entity, or any other entity; to the extent that:   (c)   the supply is made in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy under which the entity is not insured; and   (d)   the supply is to discharge a liability owed to that entity by the entity insured.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies) and section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 78 ‑ 70   Payments etc. to third parties by insured entities   (1)   The making of any payment by an entity to another entity is not to be treated as * consideration for a supply to the entity by that other entity, to the extent that:   (a)   the payment is to discharge a liability of the entity to that other entity; and   (b)   the payment is covered by a settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy under which the entity was insured against that liability.   (2)   The making of any supply by an entity to another entity:   (a)   is not to be treated as a * taxable supply by the entity; and   (b)   is not to be treated as * consideration for a supply to the entity by that other, or any other, entity; to the extent that:   (c)   the supply is to discharge a liability of the entity to that other entity; and   (d)   the supply is covered by a settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy under which the entity was insured against that liability.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies) and section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 78 ‑ 75   Creditable acquisitions relating to rights of subrogation   (1)   If, in settlement of a claim made by an insurer in the insurer’s exercising of rights of subrogation in respect of an * insurance policy, an entity that is not insured under the policy makes one or more of the following:   (a)   a payment of * money;   (b)   a payment of * digital currency;   (c)   a supply; the payment or supply is not treated as * consideration for an acquisition made by the entity.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). Subdivision   78 ‑ D — Insured entities that are not registered etc. 78 ‑ 80   Net amounts   (1)   If an entity insured under an * insurance policy is not * registered or * required to be registered, it does not have a * net amount under Part   2 ‑ 4 merely because it makes a * taxable supply under section   78 ‑ 50.   (2)   This section does not prevent an * adjustment arising that relates to such a supply, but the entity cannot have a * decreasing adjustment unless it is * registered or * required to be registered.   (3)   This section has effect despite Division   17 (which is about net amounts and adjustments). 78 ‑ 85   GST returns   (1)   If, during a month:   (a)   an entity makes any * taxable supplies under section   78 ‑ 50; or   (b)   an entity has any * increasing adjustments that arise in relation to any such supplies (whether made in that month or a previous month); and the entity is not * registered or * required to be registered during that month, it must give to the Commissioner a * GST return, within 21 days after the end of the month, relating to those supplies it made in that month and those adjustments.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   31 ‑ 5 and 31 ‑ 10 (which are about giving GST returns). 78 ‑ 90   Payments of GST   (1)   An entity that is not * registered or * required to be registered during a particular month must pay to the Commissioner:   (a)   amounts of * assessed GST on * taxable supplies under section   78 ‑ 50 that it makes during that month; and   (b)   * assessed amounts of * increasing adjustments that it has that arise, during that month, in relation to supplies that are taxable supplies under section   78 ‑ 50.   (1A)   The entity must pay each amount:   (a)   on or before the later of:   (i)   the 21st day after the end of the month; and   (ii)   the day the Commissioner gives notice of the relevant * assessment to the entity under section   155 ‑ 10 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ; and   (b)   at the place and in the manner specified by the Commissioner.   (2)   This section has effect despite Division   33 (which is about payments of GST). Subdivision   78 ‑ E — Statutory compensation schemes 78 ‑ 95   GST on premiums etc. under statutory compensation schemes is exclusive of stamp duty   (1)   The * value of a * taxable supply of membership of, or participation in, a * statutory compensation scheme is worked out as if the * price of the supply were reduced by the amount of any stamp duty payable under a * State law or * Territory law in respect of the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). 78 ‑ 100   Settlements of claims for compensation under statutory compensation schemes   (1)   Subsection   38 ‑ 60(1) and this Division apply in relation to a payment or supply made in settlement of a claim for compensation under a * statutory compensation scheme in the same way that they apply to a payment or supply made in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy. Note:   Subsection   38 ‑ 60(1) provides that certain supplies to insurers are GST ‑ free.   (2)   For the purposes of the application of subsection   38 ‑ 60(1) and this Division in relation to such a payment or supply:   (a)   the claim for compensation under the scheme is treated as a claim under an * insurance policy; and   (b)   the entity operating the scheme is treated as the insurer; and   (c)   an entity is treated as the entity insured if:   (i)   the entity’s payment of premiums, contributions or similar payments under the scheme, or payment of levy in connection with the scheme; or   (ii)   the entity’s liability to pay premiums, contributions or similar payments under the scheme, or liability to pay levy in connection with the scheme;     enabled the claim for compensation to arise; and   (ca)   those payments that that entity makes or is liable to make are treated as a premium it has paid; and   (d)   the supply of membership of, or participation in, the scheme is treated as the supply of an * insurance policy.   (3)   However, if the entity treated as the entity insured:   (a)   is liable to make payments referred to in paragraph   (2)(c); and   (b)   has not made all those payments; for the purposes of sections   78 ‑ 10 and 78 ‑ 15, the entity’s entitlement to an input tax credit for the premium paid is taken to be what its entitlement would have been if it had made all those payments. 78 ‑ 105   Meaning of statutory compensation scheme     A statutory compensation scheme is a scheme or arrangement:   (a)   that is established by an * Australian law; and   (b)   under which compensation is payable for particular kinds of injury, loss or damage; and   (c)   that is specified in the regulations, or that is of a kind specified in the regulations; but does not include a * compulsory third party scheme. Note:   Divisions   79 and 80 deal with compulsory third party schemes. Subdivision   78 ‑ F — Miscellaneous 78 ‑ 110   Effect of judgments and court orders     If:   (a)   an entity makes one or more of the following:   (i)   a payment of * money;   (ii)   a payment of * digital currency;   (iii)   a supply;     in compliance with a judgment or order of a court relating to:   (iv)   a claim under an * insurance policy; or   (v)   a claim by an insurer in exercising rights of subrogation in respect of an insurance policy; or   (vi)   a claim for compensation under a * statutory compensation scheme; and   (b)   had the payment or supply been made in the absence of such a judgment or order, it would have been a payment or supply made in settlement of the claim; the payment or supply is treated as having been made in settlement of the claim. 78 ‑ 115   Exclusion of certain Commonwealth, State or Territory insurance schemes     This Division (other than sections   78 ‑ 5 and 78 ‑ 95) does not apply to an * insurance policy, or to a payment or supply made in settlement of a claim made under an insurance policy, if:   (a)   the policy was supplied under a scheme for insurance, or a * statutory compensation scheme, established by an * Australian law; and   (b)   that scheme is of a kind specified in the regulations. 78 ‑ 118   Portfolio transfers   (1)   If an insurer (the first insurer ) enters into an arrangement, in the nature of a portfolio transfer, with another insurer for the other insurer:   (a)   to act as the insurer in relation to an * insurance policy; or   (b)   to meet the first insurer’s liabilities arising under an insurance policy; subsection   38 ‑ 60(1) and this Division apply, from the time the arrangement takes effect, as if the other insurer were an insurer in relation to the policy. Note:   Subsection   38 ‑ 60(1) provides that certain supplies to insurers are GST ‑ free.   (2)   Without limiting subsection   (1):   (a)   anything done after that time by the other insurer that, if it had been done by the first insurer, would have been done under the policy is taken, for the purposes of subsection   38 ‑ 60(1) and this Division, to have been done by the other insurer under the policy; and   (b)   sections   78 ‑ 10 and 78 ‑ 30 apply as if the other insurer were the insurer that supplied the policy; and   (c)   section   78 ‑ 18 applies as if the insurer that settles the claim referred to in paragraph   78 ‑ 18(1)(b) or (3)(b) (as the case requires) has the * increasing adjustment under that section, regardless of which insurer was paid the excess to which the adjustment relates. 78 ‑ 120   HIH rescue package   (1)   If a payment of * money, a supply or both a payment of money and a supply are received by an entity from an * HIH rescue entity as * consideration for:   (a)   the entity transferring or surrendering rights under an * insurance policy held with an * HIH company; or   (b)   the entity transferring or surrendering rights against another entity that is insured under an insurance policy held with an HIH company; or   (c)   the entity transferring or surrendering rights against another entity in relation to a matter in relation to which the entity also has or had rights under an insurance policy held with an HIH company; this Division (other than sections   78 ‑ 10, 78 ‑ 15 and 78 ‑ 40) applies to the payment or supply as if the HIH rescue entity made the payment or supply as the insurer in settlement of a claim under the insurance policy.   (2)   In particular:   (a)   this Division (other than sections   78 ‑ 10, 78 ‑ 15 and 78 ‑ 40, subsection   78 ‑ 50(1) and this section) applies as if:   (i)   references to an insurer were references to the * HIH rescue entity; and   (ii)   references to a claim under an * insurance policy were references to a request or claim to the HIH rescue entity for such a payment or supply; and   (iii)   references to a settlement of such a claim were references to the agreement to make such a payment or supply as consideration for the transfer or surrender; and   (b)   sections   78 ‑ 18, 78 ‑ 42 and 78 ‑ 55 apply as if references in those sections to payments of excess to the insurer under the policy were references to payments to the HIH rescue entity corresponding to such payments of excess; and   (c)   section   78 ‑ 30 applies as if references in that section to settling a claim were references to providing the consideration for the transfer or surrender; and   (d)   section   78 ‑ 100 applies as if references in that section to a claim for compensation under a * statutory compensation scheme were references to a claim made to the HIH rescue entity corresponding to a claim for compensation under the scheme.   (3)   This section does not affect the operation of sections   78 ‑ 10, 78 ‑ 15 and 78 ‑ 40. Division   79 — Compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Operators of compulsory third party schemes have adjustments which enable the net GST on the schemes to reflect correctly their margins after settlements of claims and other payments and supplies under the schemes are taken into account. The normal application of Division   78 to some insurance policy payments and supplies under the schemes is modified (see Subdivision   79 ‑ A). That Division is also extended so that it applies in a modified form to payments and supplies connected with, but not under, insurance policies (see Subdivision   79 ‑ B). For other settlements, and payments, provisions similar to Division   78 apply (see Subdivision   79 ‑ C). Certain adjustments are worked out using an “applicable average input tax credit fraction” (see Subdivision   79 ‑ D). Note:   Division   80 deals with use of settlement sharing arrangements by the operators of compulsory third party schemes. Table of Subdivisions 79 ‑ A   Modified application of Division   78 to certain compulsory third party scheme payments and supplies under insurance policies 79 ‑ B   Extension of Division   78 to cover certain compulsory third party scheme payments and supplies connected with, but not under, insurance policies 79 ‑ C   Other payments and supplies under compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ D   Compulsory third party scheme decreasing adjustments worked out using applicable average input tax credit fraction Subdivision   79 ‑ A — Modified application of Division   78 to certain compulsory third party scheme payments and supplies under insurance policies 79 ‑ 5   Application of sections   78 ‑ 10 and 78 ‑ 15 (about decreasing adjustments) where premium selection test is satisfied   (1)   This section applies to a payment or supply if:   (a)   it is a payment or supply made under a * compulsory third party scheme; and   (b)   the payment or supply is made in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy; and   (c)   the * premium selection test is satisfied; and   (d)   the payment or supply is not a payment or supply to which section   79 ‑ 15 (about sole operator elections) applies. Premium selection test   (2)   The premium selection test is satisfied if the amount of the premium or premiums for the policy resulted from:   (a)   an * operator of the * compulsory third party scheme offering a number of different premium amounts to the entity liable to pay the premium or premiums; and   (b)   that entity selecting a premium amount:   (i)   that was offered on the basis that there would be an entitlement to an input tax credit for some or all of the amount; or   (ii)   that was offered on the basis that there would be no entitlement to an input tax credit for any of the amount. Input tax credit entitlement   (3)   If subparagraph   (2)(b)(i) applies, then, for the purposes of sections   78 ‑ 10 and 78 ‑ 15:   (a)   there is taken to be an entitlement to an input tax credit for the premium paid in relation to the period during which the event giving rise to the claim happened; and   (b)   if the supply of the insurance policy was solely or partly a * taxable supply—the amount of the input tax credit is taken to equal the GST payable by the * operator for the taxable supply. No input tax credit entitlement   (4)   If subparagraph   (2)(b)(ii) applies, then, for the purposes of sections   78 ‑ 10 and 78 ‑ 15, there is taken to be no entitlement to an input tax credit for the premium paid in relation to the period during which the event giving rise to the claim happened. 79 ‑ 10   Adjustment where operator becomes aware that correct input tax credit situation differs from basis on which premium selection test was satisfied Decreasing adjustment   (1)   If:   (a)   subsection   79 ‑ 5(3) applies to a payment or supply; and   (b)   after the * premium selection test was satisfied, the * operator became or becomes aware that there was actually no entitlement to an input tax credit for any of the amount of the premium or premiums paid in relation to the period during which the event giving rise to the claim happened; and   (c)   if subsection   79 ‑ 5(4) had applied, the operator would have been entitled to a * decreasing adjustment (the notional decreasing adjustment ); then:   (d)   the operator has a decreasing adjustment whose amount is, subject to paragraph   (e), equal to the notional decreasing adjustment; and   (e)   if one or more * increasing adjustments (each being a notional section   78 ‑ 40 increasing adjustment ) would have arisen, before the decreasing adjustment under paragraph   (d) arose, under Division   19 because of section   78 ‑ 40 applying in relation to the notional decreasing adjustment, the amount of the decreasing adjustment under paragraph   (d) is reduced by the sum of the notional section   78 ‑ 40 increasing adjustments; and   (f)   for the purposes of applying section   78 ‑ 40 after the decreasing adjustment arises under this subsection, that decreasing adjustment is taken to arise under Division   78. Increasing adjustment   (2)   If:   (a)   subsection   79 ‑ 5(4) applies to a payment or supply; and   (b)   as a result, the * operator has a * decreasing adjustment (the original decreasing adjustment); and   (c)   after the * premium selection test was satisfied, the operator became or becomes aware that there actually was an entitlement to an input tax credit for some or all of the amount of the premium or premiums paid in relation to the period during which the event giving rise to the claim happened; then:   (d)   the operator has an increasing adjustment whose amount is, subject to paragraph   (e), equal to the original decreasing adjustment; and   (e)   if one or more * increasing adjustments (each being a section   78 ‑ 40 increasing adjustment ) arose, before the increasing adjustment under paragraph   (d) arose, under Division   19 because of section   78 ‑ 40 applying in relation to the original decreasing adjustment, the amount of the increasing adjustment under paragraph   (d) is reduced by the sum of the section   78 ‑ 40 increasing adjustments; and   (f)   after the increasing adjustment arises under paragraph   (d), no adjustment arises under Division   19 because of section   78 ‑ 40 applying in relation to the original decreasing adjustment. 79 ‑ 15   Application of sections   78 ‑ 10 and 78 ‑ 15 (about decreasing adjustments) where sole operator election to use average input tax credit entitlement   (1)   This section applies to a payment or supply if:   (a)   it is a payment or supply made under a * compulsory third party scheme; and   (b)   the payment or supply is made in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy; and   (c)   there is only one * operator who issues insurance policies under the scheme; and   (d)   assuming the requirements of paragraph   78 ‑ 10(2)(b) were satisfied, the operator would have a * decreasing adjustment under section   78 ‑ 10 in respect of the payment or supply; and   (e)   an election under subsection   (4) is in force during the * financial year in which the payment or supply is made.   (2)   For the purposes of section   78 ‑ 10, the * operator has a * decreasing adjustment under that section in relation to the payment or supply.   (3)   Section   78 ‑ 15 does not apply to the * decreasing adjustment, but its amount is instead worked out using the applicable * average input tax credit fraction (see section   79 ‑ 95).   (4)   The * operator may, in writing, elect that, from the start of a specified * financial year, any * decreasing adjustment in relation to all payments or supplies:   (a)   that are made during the financial year; and   (b)   to which paragraphs   (1)(a), (b), (c) and (d) apply; are to be worked out using the applicable * average input tax credit fraction.   (5)   Subject to subsection   (6), the election must be made before the start of the specified * financial year.   (6)   Subsection   (5) does not apply if the election specifies the * financial year beginning on 1   July 2003 and is made before the end of 30 days after the day on which this section commences.   (7)   The election is in force during the specified * financial year and every later financial year, other than one that begins after a financial year in which the election is revoked. 79 ‑ 20   Extension of various references in Division   78 to rights of subrogation to cover other rights of recovery Payments or supplies in settlement of claims   (1)   For the purposes of sections   78 ‑ 35, 78 ‑ 40 and 78 ‑ 75, a reference in those sections to a payment or supply made by an entity in settlement of a claim by an insurer in exercising the insurer’s rights of subrogation in respect of an * insurance policy includes a reference to a payment or supply that satisfies the following requirements:   (a)   the payment or supply is made by an entity in settlement of a claim by an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme;   (b)   the claim was made by the operator in exercise of the operator’s rights to recover in respect of a payment or supply made under the compulsory third party scheme;   (c)   the claim was not made under an * insurance policy that is a policy of reinsurance. Payments or supplies in compliance with court judgments etc. relating to claims   (2)   For the purposes of section   78 ‑ 110, a reference in that section to a payment or supply made by an entity in compliance with a judgment or order of a court relating to a claim made by an insurer in exercising the insurer’s rights of subrogation in respect of an * insurance policy includes a reference to a payment or supply that satisfies the following requirements:   (a)   the payment or supply is made by an entity in compliance with a judgment or order of a court relating to a claim made by an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme;   (b)   the claim was made by the * operator in exercise of the operator’s rights to recover a payment or supply made under the * compulsory third party scheme;   (c)   the claim was not made under an insurance policy that is a policy of reinsurance. Subdivision   79 ‑ B — Extension of Division   78 to cover certain compulsory third party scheme payments and supplies connected with, but not under, insurance policies 79 ‑ 25   Meaning of CTP hybrid payment or supply   (1)   Subject to this section, a payment or supply is a CTP hybrid payment or supply if:   (a)   it is made in settlement of a claim for compensation under a * compulsory third party scheme; and   (b)   the claim would not have been made but for an * insurance policy issued under the scheme; and   (c)   the claim was not made under the insurance policy.   (2)   A payment or supply is not a CTP hybrid payment or supply if:   (a)   when the payment or supply is made, the entity that paid the premium for the * insurance policy cannot be located; and   (b)   that entity did not, at or before the time the * operator making the payment or supply was first made aware of the circumstances to which the payment or supply relates, inform the operator of the entitlement to an input tax credit for the CTP premium it paid; and   (c)   the * premium selection test was not satisfied in relation to the insurance policy.   (2A)   Subsection   (2) does not apply if the cover under the * insurance policy commenced before 1   July 2003 (whether or not all or part of the premium on the policy was paid before that day).   (3)   A payment or supply is not a CTP hybrid payment or supply if the * operator making the payment or supply was required to do so by law because of the bankruptcy or insolvency of another operator who is an insurer. 79 ‑ 30   Application of Division   78   (1)   Division   78 (other than section   78 ‑ 100), as modified by Subdivision   79 ‑ A, applies in relation to a * CTP hybrid payment or supply as if it were a payment or supply made in settlement of a claim under the * insurance policy mentioned in paragraph   79 ‑ 25(1)(b).   (2)   This section does not prevent Division   78 applying to a payment or supply under a * compulsory third party scheme if the payment or supply is made in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy. Subdivision   79 ‑ C — Other payments and supplies under compulsory third party schemes 79 ‑ 35   Meaning of CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply etc. Meaning of CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply   (1)   A payment or supply is a CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply if it is a * CTP compensation payment or supply or a * CTP ancillary payment or supply. Meaning of CTP compensation payment or supply   (2)   A payment or supply is a CTP compensation payment or supply if   (a)   it is a payment or supply made under a * compulsory third party scheme; and   (b)   it is a payment or supply made in settlement of a claim for compensation under the scheme; and   (c)   it is not the case that the * operator making the payment or supply was required to do so by law because of the bankruptcy or insolvency of another operator who is an insurer; and   (d)   Division   78 does not apply in relation to the payment or supply; and   (e)   the payment or supply is not a * CTP dual premium or election payment or supply or a * CTP hybrid payment or supply. Meaning of CTP ancillary payment or supply   (3)   A payment or supply is a CTP ancillary payment or supply if:   (a)   the payment or supply is made under a * compulsory third party scheme; and   (b)   the payment or supply is of a kind specified in the regulations; and   (c)   it is not the case that the * operator making the payment or supply was required to do so by law because of the bankruptcy or insolvency of another operator who is an insurer; and   (d)   Division   78 does not apply in relation to the payment or supply; and   (e)   the payment or supply is not a * CTP dual premium or election payment or supply or a * CTP hybrid payment or supply; and   (f)   the payment or supply is not made in settlement of a claim for compensation under the scheme; and   (g)   the payment or supply is not * consideration for a * creditable acquisition. 79 ‑ 40   GST on CTP premiums is exclusive of stamp duty   (1)   The * value of a * taxable supply for which the * consideration includes an amount of * CTP premium is worked out as if the * price of the supply were reduced by the amount of any stamp duty payable under a * State law or * Territory law in respect of the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). 79 ‑ 45   Exclusion of certain compulsory third party schemes     This Subdivision (other than section   79 ‑ 40) does not apply to a * compulsory third party scheme under which * CTP compensation or ancillary payments or supplies are made, or to a * CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply, if the compulsory third party scheme is of a kind specified in the regulations. 79 ‑ 50   Decreasing adjustments for CTP compensation or ancillary payments or supplies   (1)   An * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme has a decreasing adjustment if the operator makes a * CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply under the scheme.   (2)   However, this section only applies if:   (a)   the payments of * CTP premium to the * operator that have been or are required to be made under the scheme are, or would be, * consideration for a * taxable supply; and   (b)   the * operator is * registered or * required to be registered.   (3)   The * decreasing adjustment in relation to the payment or supply is worked out using the applicable * average input tax credit fraction (see section   79 ‑ 95). 79 ‑ 55   Increasing adjustments for payments of excess etc. under compulsory third party schemes   (1)   An * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme has an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   there is a payment of an excess to the operator under the scheme; and   (b)   the payment relates to a * CTP compensation payment or supply that the operator makes or has made; and   (c)   the operator makes, or has made, * creditable acquisitions or * creditable importations directly for the purpose of making the CTP compensation payment or supply.   (2)   The amount of the increasing adjustment is 1 / 11 of the amount that represents the extent to which the payment of excess relates to * creditable acquisitions or * creditable importations made by the * operator directly for the purpose of making the * CTP compensation payment or supply.   (3)   An * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme has an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   there is a payment of an excess to the operator under the scheme; and   (b)   the operator makes, or has made, * creditable acquisitions or * creditable importations directly for the purpose of making a * CTP compensation payment or supply to which the payment of excess would relate; and   (c)   the operator has not made any CTP compensation payment or supply to which the payment of excess relates. The amount of the increasing adjustment is 1 / 11 of the amount of the payment of excess. 79 ‑ 60   Effect of settlements and payments under compulsory third party schemes   (1)   If an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme makes a payment under the scheme, it is not treated as * consideration:   (a)   for an acquisition made by the operator; or   (b)   for a supply made to the operator by the entity to whom the payment was made; to the extent that the payment is a * CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply.   (2)   If an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme makes a supply under the scheme:   (a)   it is not a * taxable supply; and   (b)   it is not treated as * consideration for an acquisition made by the operator; and   (c)   it is not treated as * consideration for a supply made to the operator by the entity to whom the supply was made; to the extent that the supply is a * CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies), section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration) and section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 79 ‑ 65   Taxable supplies relating to recovery by operators of compulsory third party schemes   (1)   If:   (a)   an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme has made a claim in relation to a * CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply; and   (b)   the operator’s claim is made in exercising rights to recover in respect of that payment or supply; and   (c)   an entity makes one or more of the following in settlement of the operator’s claim:   (i)   a payment of * money;   (ii)   a payment of * digital currency;   (iii)   a supply; the payment or supply mentioned in paragraph   (c) is not treated as * consideration for a supply made by the operator (whether or not the payment or supply is made to the operator), or for an acquisition made by the entity making the payment or supply (or payment and supply).   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration) and section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 79 ‑ 70   Adjustment events relating to decreasing adjustments for operators of compulsory third party schemes   (1)   Division   19 applies in relation to a * decreasing adjustment that an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme has under section   79 ‑ 50 as if:   (a)   the adjustment were an input tax credit; and   (b)   either:   (i)   if the adjustment relates to a * CTP compensation payment or supply—the settlement of the claim to which the adjustment relates were a * creditable acquisition that the operator made; or   (ii)   if the adjustment relates to a * CTP ancillary payment or supply—the operator had made a creditable acquisition for which the payment or supply was the * consideration; and   (c)   any payment or supply made by another entity, in settlement of a claim made by the operator in exercising rights to recover from the other entity in respect of the settlement mentioned in subparagraph   (b)(i) or the payment or supply mentioned in subparagraph   (b)(ii), were a reduction in the consideration for the acquisition.   (2)   Paragraph   (1)(c) does not apply to a payment by another entity in relation to which an * increasing adjustment arises under section   80 ‑ 30 or 80 ‑ 70 (which are about settlement sharing arrangements).   (3)   This section does not apply in relation to a payment or supply that the operator receives in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy that the operator entered into, as the entity insured, in relation to any liability to make a * CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply. 79 ‑ 75   Adjustment events relating to increasing adjustments under section   79 ‑ 55     Division   19 applies in relation to an * increasing adjustment that an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme has under section   79 ‑ 55 as if:   (a)   payments of excess to which the adjustment relates were * consideration for a * taxable supply that the operator made; and   (b)   the adjustment were the GST payable on the taxable supply; and   (c)   any refunds made by the operator of any of those payments of excess were reductions in the consideration for the supply. 79 ‑ 80   Payments of excess under compulsory third party schemes are not consideration for supplies   (1)   The making of any payment by an entity is not treated as * consideration for a supply, to the entity or any other entity, to the extent that the payment is the payment of an excess to an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 79 ‑ 85   Supplies of goods to operators in the course of settling claims   (1)   A supply of goods is not a * taxable supply if it is solely a supply made under a * compulsory third party scheme to an * operator of the scheme in the course of settling a claim for compensation made under the scheme.   (2)   In working out the value of a * taxable supply that is partly a supply of goods made under a * compulsory third party scheme to an * operator of the scheme in the course of settling a claim for compensation made under the scheme, disregard the * consideration to the extent that it relates to the supply of those goods.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies) and section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). 79 ‑ 90   Effect of judgments and court orders   (1)   If:   (a)   a judgment or order of a court relates to a claim for compensation under a * compulsory third party scheme; and   (aa)   an entity makes one or more of the following in compliance with the judgment or order:   (i)   a payment of * money;   (ii)   a payment of * digital currency;   (iii)   a supply; and   (b)   had the payment or supply been made in the absence of such a judgment or order, it would have been a * CTP compensation payment or supply or a CTP ancillary payment or supply; the payment or supply is treated as having been a CTP compensation payment or supply or a CTP ancillary payment or supply.   (2)   If:   (a)   a judgment or order of a court relates to a claim by an * operator of a compulsory third party scheme exercising rights to recover from an entity in respect of a settlement made under the scheme; and   (aa)   an entity makes one or more of the following in compliance with the judgment or order:   (i)   a payment of * money;   (ii)   a payment of * digital currency;   (iii)   a supply; and   (b)   had the payment or supply been made in the absence of such a judgment or order, it would have been a settlement of a claim made in exercising rights to recover from an entity in respect of a settlement made under the scheme; the payment or supply is treated as having been made in settlement of the operator’s claim made in exercising those rights. Subdivision   79 ‑ D — Compulsory third party scheme decreasing adjustments worked out using applicable average input tax credit fraction 79 ‑ 95   How to work out decreasing adjustments using the applicable average input tax credit fraction   (1)   If an * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme has a * decreasing adjustment in relation to a payment or supply that is to be worked out using the applicable * average input tax credit fraction, the amount of the * decreasing adjustment is as follows.   (2)   The amount is worked out using the formula: where: applicable average input tax credit fraction is the * average input tax credit fraction for the * compulsory third party scheme concerned for the * financial year in which:   (a)   if the payment or supply is a * CTP compensation payment or supply—the accident or other incident to which the claim relates happened; or   (b)   if the payment or supply is a * CTP ancillary payment or supply—the payment or supply was made; or   (c)   if the payment or supply is a payment or supply to which section   79 ‑ 15 applies—the accident or other incident to which the claim relates happened. payment or supply amount is the amount worked out in accordance with subsection   (3). Payment or supply amount   (3)   The payment or supply amount mentioned in subsection   (2) is worked out using this method statement. Method statement Step 1.   Add together:   (a)   the sum of the payments of * money, or * digital currency, (if any) that are included in the payment or supply; and   (b)   the * GST inclusive market value of the supplies (if any) made by the * operator that are included in the payment or supply (other than supplies that would have been * taxable supplies but for section   78 ‑ 25 or 79 ‑ 60). Step 2.   If, in relation to the payment or supply, any payments of an excess were made to the * operator, subtract from the step 1 amount the sum of all those payments (except to the extent that they are payments of excess to which section   78 ‑ 18 or 79 ‑ 55 applies). Step 3.   Except where the payment or supply is a * CTP ancillary payment or supply, multiply the step 1 amount, or (if step 2 applies) the step 2 amount, by the following:     where:   applicable average input tax credit fraction has the meaning given by subsection   (2). Reduction for non ‑ creditable insurance events   (4)   The amount of the * decreasing adjustment under subsection   (1) is reduced to the extent (if any) that the payment or supply relates to one or more * non ‑ creditable insurance events. 79 ‑ 100   Meaning of average input tax credit fraction   (1)   Except where subsection   (7) applies, the average input tax credit fraction for a * compulsory third party scheme for a * financial year is:   (a)   if paragraph   (b) does not apply—the same fraction as the average input tax credit fraction for the scheme for the preceding financial year; or   (b)   if, under subsection   (3), the Minister determines the average input tax credit fraction for the scheme for the financial year—that fraction. Note:   The average input tax credit fraction for financial years beginning on or before 1   July 2006 was worked out under this section as in force before the commencement of item   146 of Schedule   3 to the Treasury Laws Amendment (2019 Measures No.   3) Act 2020 . Minister to use statistical information to determine whether average input tax credit fraction is to be varied   (3)   As soon as practicable after the beginning of each of the following * financial years (a determination year ):   (a)   the financial year that begins on 1   July 2006;   (b)   the financial years that begin on each 1   July that occurs 3 years, or a multiple of 3 years, after 1   July 2006; the Minister must, for each * compulsory third party scheme:   (c)   work out business vehicle use fractions (see subsection   (4)) using each set of statistical information, relating to business and total use of vehicles in the State or Territory in which the scheme operates, published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics during the 3 financial years before the determination year; and   (d)   work out the average of those fractions (the new fraction ); and   (e)   if the Minister considers the new fraction is significantly different from the average input tax credit fraction that would, disregarding this subsection, apply under paragraph   (1)(a) for the scheme for the financial year (the operative year ) following the determination year—by legislative instrument, determine that the new fraction is to be the average input tax credit fraction for the scheme for the operative year. Business vehicle use fraction   (4)   The business vehicle use fraction is the fraction of total vehicle use, in the State or Territory in which the * compulsory third party scheme operates, represented by business vehicle use. Publication of revised statistical information   (5)   To avoid doubt, if, after publishing statistical information relating to business and total use of vehicles in a State or Territory, the Australian Bureau of Statistics publishes a revised or replacement version of that statistical information, that revision or replacement is to be disregarded for the purposes of this section. Exception   (7)   If:   (a)   this section is being applied in working out the amount of a * decreasing adjustment that arises under section   79 ‑ 15 (about sole operator elections); and   (b)   the cover under the * insurance policy concerned commenced before 1   July 2003; the average input tax credit fraction for the * compulsory third party scheme concerned is nil for all * financial years beginning on or after 1   July 2000. Division   80 — Settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 1   What this Division is about A series of adjustments arise if, under an arrangement, an operator of a compulsory third party scheme settles a claim, arising from one or more accidents or other incidents, covered by the arrangement and other operators are obliged to contribute payments to that operator in respect of the settlement. Table of Subdivisions 80 ‑ A   Insurance policy settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ B   Nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ C   Hybrid settlement sharing arrangements Subdivision   80 ‑ A — Insurance policy settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 5   Meaning of insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement etc. Meaning of insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement   (1)   An insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement is an arrangement:   (a)   that relates to an accident or other incident or 2 or more related accidents or other incidents; and   (b)   to which the parties are the * operators of a * compulsory third party scheme or schemes who have issued * insurance policies to persons involved in the accidents or incidents; and   (c)   under which:   (i)   one party (the managing operator ) is to make one or more payments or supplies in settlement of a claim, under the compulsory third party scheme or one of the compulsory third party schemes, relating to the accidents or incidents; and   (ii)   each other party (a contributing operator ) is to make a payment to the * managing operator in respect of that operator settling the claim. Meaning of managing operator’s payment or supply   (2)   If a payment or supply mentioned in subparagraph   (1)(c)(i) is not a * CTP ancillary payment or supply, it is a managing operator’s payment or supply . Meaning of contributing operator’s payment   (3)   A payment mentioned in subparagraph   (1)(c)(ii), to the extent that it is not a fee to the * managing operator for managing the process of making settlements under the arrangement, is a contributing operator’s payment . 80 ‑ 10   Effect of becoming parties to industry deeds or entering into settlement sharing arrangements   (1)   An * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme does not make a * taxable supply by:   (a)   entering into, or becoming a party to, an * insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement; or   (b)   becoming a party to a deed created by or under a * State law or a * Territory law establishing a * compulsory third party scheme, that provides for an insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 80 ‑ 15   Effect of contributing operator’s payment   (1)   A * contributing operator’s payment is not treated as * consideration for a supply by the * managing operator, or for an acquisition by the * contributing operator.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration) and section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 80 ‑ 20   Managing operator’s payments or supplies   (1)   For the purposes of Divisions   78 and 79, a * managing operator’s payment or supply is treated as follows.   (2)   If the * managing operator is a party to the * insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement because it issued only one * insurance policy, the * managing operator’s payment or supply is treated as a payment or supply, made by the managing operator, in settlement of a claim relating to the accidents or incidents, under that insurance policy.   (3)   If the * managing operator is a party to the * insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement because it issued 2 or more * insurance policies, the * managing operator’s payment or supply is treated as a payment or supply made by the managing operator, in settlement of a claim relating to the accidents or incidents, under the insurance policies, and for that purpose is divided among the policies in equal proportions. Example:   3 vehicles are involved in an accident, 2 of which are covered by insurance policies issued by the managing operator and the other by a policy issued by a contributing operator. The managing operator makes a payment in settlement of a claim by an insured person in respect of the accident.   For the purposes of Division   78 or 79, half of the payment will be treated as being made under each of the policies issued by the managing operator. 80 ‑ 25   Contributing operator’s payment   (1)   For the purposes of Divisions   78 and 79, a * contributing operator’s payment is treated as follows.   (2)   If the * contributing operator is a party to the * insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement because it issued only one * insurance policy, the * contributing operator’s payment is treated as a payment or supply, made by the contributing operator, in settlement of a claim relating to the accidents or incidents, under that insurance policy. Example:   Assume the same facts as in the example in section   80 ‑ 20. The contributing operator who issued 1 of the 3 policies covering the vehicles in the accident makes a payment to the managing operator.   For the purposes of Division   78 or 79, the payment (except to the extent that it represents a managing operator’s fee) will be treated as being made by the contributing operator under the insurance policy that it issued.   (3)   If the * contributing operator is a party to the * insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement because it issued 2 or more * insurance policies, the * contributing operator’s payment is treated as a payment or supply, made by the contributing operator, in settlement of a claim relating to the accidents or incidents, under the insurance policies, and for that purpose is divided among the policies in equal proportions. 80 ‑ 30   Managing operator’s increasing adjustment where contributing operator’s payment   (1)   If:   (a)   a * contributing operator’s payment is made; and   (b)   as a result of section   80 ‑ 20, there was a * decreasing adjustment for the * managing operator under Division   78 or 79 in relation to the * managing operator’s payment or supply; there is an increasing adjustment for the managing operator of the following amount: Managing operator’s settlement amount   (2)   The managing operator’s settlement amount mentioned in subsection   (1) is worked out using this method statement. Method statement Step 1.   Add together:   (a)   the sum of the payments of * money, or * digital currency, (if any) that are included in the * managing operator’s payment or supply; and   (b)   the * GST inclusive market value of the supplies (if any) that are included in the * managing operator’s payment or supply (other than supplies that would have been * taxable supplies but for section   78 ‑ 25 or 79 ‑ 60). Step 2.   If, in relation to the * managing operator’s payment or supply, any payments of an excess were made to the * managing operator, subtract from the step 1 amount the sum of all those payments (except to the extent that they are payments of excess to which section   78 ‑ 18 or 79 ‑ 55 applies). Example:   Assume the same facts as in the examples in sections   80 ‑ 20 and 80 ‑ 25. Assume also that, as a result of section   80 ‑ 20, there was a decreasing adjustment under Division   78 or 79 for the managing operator’s payment or supply.   The managing operator has an increasing adjustment. It equals the part of the decreasing adjustment that is attributable to the managing operator’s payment or supply that was repaid by the contributing operator’s contribution. 80 ‑ 35   Adjustment events relating to managing operator’s payment or supply     Division   19 applies in relation to an * increasing adjustment that the * managing operator has under section   80 ‑ 30 as a result of the making of a * managing operator’s payment or supply as if:   (a)   the * contributing operator’s payment were * consideration for a * taxable supply made by the managing operator; and   (b)   the adjustment were the GST payable on the taxable supply; and   (c)   any changes made to those payments were a change in the consideration for the supply. Subdivision   80 ‑ B — Nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 40   Meaning of nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement etc. Meaning of nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement   (1)   A nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement is an arrangement:   (a)   that relates to an accident or other incident or 2 or more related accidents or other incidents; and   (b)   to which the parties are * operators of a * compulsory third party scheme, where they are parties because the person involved in the accidents or incidents was not covered under an * insurance policy; and   (c)   under which:   (i)   one party (the managing operator ) is to make one or more payments or supplies in settlement of a claim, under the compulsory third party scheme, relating to the accidents or incidents; and   (ii)   the other party, or one or more of the other parties, (each being a contributing operator ) is to make a payment to the * managing operator in respect of that operator settling the claim. Meaning of managing operator’s payment or supply   (2)   If a payment or supply mentioned in subparagraph   (1)(c)(i) is not a * CTP ancillary payment or supply, it is a managing operator’s payment or supply . Meaning of contributing operator’s payment   (3)   A payment mentioned in subparagraph   (1)(c)(ii), to the extent that it is not a fee to the * managing operator for managing the process of making settlements under the arrangement, is a contributing operator’s payment . 80 ‑ 45   Nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangements to which this Subdivision applies     This Subdivision applies to a * nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement if its * managing operator is not a party to a * hybrid settlement sharing arrangement relating to the same accidents or incidents. 80 ‑ 50   Effect of becoming parties to industry deeds or entering into nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangements   (1)   An * operator of a * compulsory third party scheme does not make a * taxable supply by:   (a)   entering into, or becoming a party to, a * nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement to which this Subdivision applies; or   (b)   becoming a party to a deed created by or under a * State law or a * Territory law establishing a compulsory third party scheme, that provides for a nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement to which this Subdivision applies.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 80 ‑ 55   Effect of contributing operator’s payment   (1)   A * contributing operator’s payment is not treated as * consideration for a supply by the * managing operator, or for an acquisition by the * contributing operator.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration) and section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 80 ‑ 60   Managing operator’s payment or supply     For the purposes of Division   79, a * managing operator’s payment or supply is treated as a * CTP compensation payment or supply. 80 ‑ 65   Contributing operator’s payment     For the purposes of Division   79, a * contributing operator’s payment is treated as a * CTP compensation payment or supply. 80 ‑ 70   Managing operator’s increasing adjustment where contributing operator’s payment   (1)   If:   (a)   a * contributing operator’s payment is made; and   (b)   as a result of section   80 ‑ 60, there was a * decreasing adjustment for the * managing operator under Division   79 in relation to the * managing operator’s payment or supply; there is an increasing adjustment for the managing operator of the following amount: Managing operator’s settlement amount   (2)   The managing operator’s settlement amount mentioned in subsection   (1) is worked out using this method statement. Method statement Step 1.   Add together:   (a)   the sum of the payments of * money, or * digital currency, (if any) that are included in the * managing operator’s payment or supply; and   (b)   the * GST inclusive market value of the supplies (if any) that are included in the * managing operator’s payment or supply (other than supplies that would have been * taxable supplies but for section   78 ‑ 25 or 79 ‑ 60). Step 2.   If, in relation to the * managing operator’s payment or supply, any payments of an excess were made to the * managing operator, subtract from the step 1 amount the sum of all those payments (except to the extent that they are payments of excess to which section   78 ‑ 18 or 79 ‑ 55 applies). 80 ‑ 75   Adjustment events relating to managing operator’s payment or supply     Division   19 applies in relation to an * increasing adjustment that the * managing operator has under section   80 ‑ 70 as a result of the making of a * managing operator’s payment or supply as if:   (a)   the * contributing operator’s payment were * consideration for a * taxable supply made by the managing operator; and   (b)   the adjustment were the GST payable on the taxable supply; and   (c)   any changes made to those payments were a change in the consideration for the supply. Subdivision   80 ‑ C — Hybrid settlement sharing arrangements 80 ‑ 80   Meaning of hybrid settlement sharing arrangement etc. Meaning of hybrid settlement sharing arrangement   (1)   A hybrid settlement sharing arrangement is an arrangement:   (a)   that relates to an accident or other incident or 2 or more related accidents or other incidents; and   (b)   to which the parties are:   (i)   an entity that is the * managing operator of a * nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement, or entities that are managing operators of nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangements, that relate to the accidents or incidents; and   (ii)   an * operator or operators of a * compulsory third party scheme or schemes who have issued * insurance policies to persons involved in the accidents or incidents; and   (c)   under which:   (i)   one party (the managing operator ) is to make one or more payments or supplies in settlement of a claim, under the compulsory third party scheme or one of the compulsory third party schemes involved, relating to the accidents or incidents; and   (ii)   each other party (a contributing operator ) is to make a payment to the * managing operator in respect of that operator settling the claim. Meaning of managing operator’s payment or supply   (2)   If a payment or supply mentioned in subparagraph   (1)(c)(i) is not a * CTP ancillary payment or supply, it is a managing operator’s payment or supply . Meaning of contributing operator’s payment   (3)   A payment mentioned in subparagraph   (1)(c)(ii), to the extent that it is not a fee to the * managing operator for managing the process of making settlements under the arrangement, is a contributing operator’s payment . 80 ‑ 85   Subdivision   80 ‑ A to apply to hybrid settlement sharing arrangement, subject to exceptions     In addition to its operation apart from this Subdivision, Subdivision   80 ‑ A has effect, subject to sections   80 ‑ 90 and 80 ‑ 95, as if a * hybrid settlement sharing arrangement were an * insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement. 80 ‑ 90   Subdivision   80 ‑ B to apply to payments or supplies by managing operator of hybrid settlement sharing arrangement who is also managing operator of nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement     If:   (a)   the entity that is the * managing operator of the * hybrid settlement sharing arrangement is a party to that arrangement because it is also the managing operator of a * nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement; and   (b)   the entity makes a payment or supply that, as a result of section   80 ‑ 85, is a * managing operator’s payment or supply under the hybrid settlement sharing arrangement; then:   (c)   Subdivision   80 ‑ A does not have any other effect in relation to the payment or supply in accordance with section   80 ‑ 85; but   (d)   Subdivision   80 ‑ B (other than section   80 ‑ 45) applies in relation to the payment or supply as if it were a managing operator’s payment or supply under the nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement and the entity were not party to the hybrid settlement sharing arrangement. 80 ‑ 95   Subdivision   80 ‑ B to apply to payments or supplies by contributing operator of hybrid settlement sharing arrangement who is also managing operator of nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement     If:   (a)   an entity that is a * contributing operator of the * hybrid settlement sharing arrangement is a party to that arrangement because it is also the * managing operator of a * nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement; and   (b)   the entity makes a payment that, as a result of section   80 ‑ 85, is a * contributing operator’s payment under the hybrid settlement sharing arrangement; then:   (c)   Subdivision   80 ‑ A does not have any other effect in relation to the payment or supply in accordance with section   80 ‑ 85; but   (d)   Subdivision   80 ‑ B (other than section   80 ‑ 45) applies in relation to the payment as if it were a * managing operator’s payment or supply under the nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement and the entity were not party to the hybrid settlement sharing arrangement. Division   81 — Payments of taxes, fees and charges 81 ‑ 1   What this Division is about GST does not apply to payments of taxes, fees and charges that are excluded from the GST by this Division or by regulations. GST applies to certain taxes, fees and charges prescribed by regulations. 81 ‑ 5   Effect of payment of tax Australian tax not consideration   (1)   A payment, or the discharging of a liability to make a payment, is not the provision of * consideration to the extent the payment is an * Australian tax. Regulations may provide for exceptions   (2)   However, a payment you make, or a discharging of your liability to make a payment, is treated as the provision of * consideration to the extent the payment is an * Australian tax that is, or is of a kind, prescribed by the regulations.   (3)   For the purposes of subsection   (2), the * consideration is taken to be provided to the entity to which the tax is payable, for a supply that the entity makes to you. 81 ‑ 10   Effect of payment of certain fees and charges Certain fees and charges not consideration   (1)   A payment, or the discharging of a liability to make a payment, is not the provision of * consideration to the extent the payment is an * Australian fee or charge that is of a kind covered by subsection   (4) or (5). Prescribed fees and charges treated as consideration   (2)   However, a payment you make, or a discharging of your liability to make a payment, is treated as the provision of * consideration to the extent the payment is an * Australian fee or charge that is, or is of a kind, prescribed by the regulations.   (3)   For the purposes of subsection   (2), the * consideration is taken to be provided to the entity to which the fee or charge is payable, for a supply that the entity makes to you. Fees or charges paid for permissions etc.   (4)   This subsection covers a fee or charge if the fee or charge:   (a)   relates to; or   (b)   relates to an application for; the provision, retention, or amendment, under an * Australian law, of a permission, exemption, authority or licence (however described). Fees or charges relating to information and record ‑ keeping etc.   (5)   This subsection covers a fee or charge paid to an * Australian government agency if the fee or charge relates to the agency doing any of the following:   (a)   recording information;   (b)   copying information;   (c)   modifying information;   (d)   allowing access to information;   (e)   receiving information;   (f)   processing information;   (g)   searching for information. 81 ‑ 15   Other fees and charges that do not constitute consideration     The regulations may provide that the payment of a prescribed * Australian fee or charge, or of an Australian fee or charge of a prescribed kind, or the discharging of a liability to make such a payment, is not the provision of * consideration. 81 ‑ 20   Division has effect despite sections   9 ‑ 15 and 9 ‑ 17     This Division has effect despite sections   9 ‑ 15 and 9 ‑ 17 (which are about consideration). 81 ‑ 25   Retrospective application of regulations     Subsection   12(2) (retrospective application of legislative instruments) of the Legislation Act 2003 does not apply in relation to regulations made for the purposes of subsection   81 ‑ 5(2) or 81 ‑ 10(2) or section   81 ‑ 15. Division   82 — Supplies in return for rights to develop land   82 ‑ 1   What this Division is about GST does not apply to transactions for making supplies (commonly referred to as in kind developer contributions) in return for the supply by an Australian government agency of a right to develop land. 82 ‑ 5   Supplies of rights to develop land do not constitute consideration in certain cases   (1)   The supply, by an * Australian government agency, of a right to develop land is not treated as * consideration for another supply if the other supply complies with requirements imposed by or under an * Australian law.   (2)   It does not matter whether the other supply is made to the * Australian government agency.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 82 ‑ 10   Supplies by Australian government agencies of rights to develop land are not for consideration   (1)   The supply, by an * Australian government agency, of a right to develop land is treated as a supply that is not made for * consideration to the extent that it is made in return for another supply that complies with requirements imposed by or under an * Australian law.   (2)   It does not matter whether the other supply is made to the * Australian government agency.   (3)   If the other supply constitutes the payment of:   (a)   an * Australian tax prescribed by regulations made for the purposes of subsection   81 ‑ 5(2); or   (b)   an * Australian fee or charge prescribed by regulations made for the purposes of subsection   81 ‑ 10(2); this section overrides those regulations in relation to the payment.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). Division   83 — Non ‑ residents making supplies connected with the indirect tax zone 83 ‑ 1   What this Division is about The GST on taxable supplies made by non ‑ residents can, with the agreement of the recipients, be “reverse charged” to the recipients. 83 ‑ 5   “Reverse charge” on supplies made by non ‑ residents   (1)   The GST on a * taxable supply is payable by the * recipient of the supply, and is not payable by the supplier, if:   (a)   the supplier is a * non ‑ resident; and   (b)   the supplier does not make the supply through an * enterprise that the supplier * carries on in the indirect tax zone; and   (c)   the recipient is * registered or * required to be registered; and   (d)   the supplier and the recipient agree that the GST on the supply be payable by the recipient.   (2)   However, this section does not apply to:   (a)   a supply that is a * taxable supply under section   84 ‑ 5 (which is about offshore supplies); or   (b)   a taxable supply made by a * non ‑ resident through a * resident agent; or   (c)   a supply that is disregarded under paragraph   188 ‑ 15(3)(b) or 188 ‑ 20(3)(b) (which are about supplies of rights or options offshore). Note:   GST on these taxable supplies is payable by the resident agent: see section   57 ‑ 5.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 40 (which is about liability for the GST). 83 ‑ 10   Recipients who are members of GST groups   (1)   If section   83 ‑ 5 applies to a * taxable supply but the * recipient of the supply is a * member of a * GST group, the GST on the supply:   (a)   is payable by the * representative member; and   (b)   is not payable by the member (unless the member is the representative member).   (2)   This section has effect despite section   83 ‑ 5. 83 ‑ 15   Recipients who are participants in GST joint ventures   (1)   If section   83 ‑ 5 applies to a * taxable supply but the * recipient of the supply is a * participant in a * GST joint venture and the supply is made, on the recipient’s behalf, by the * joint venture operator of the GST joint venture in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into, the GST on the supply:   (a)   is payable by the joint venture operator; and   (b)   is not payable by the participant.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   83 ‑ 5. 83 ‑ 20   The amount of GST on “reverse charged” supplies made by non ‑ residents   (1)   The amount of GST on a supply to which section   83 ‑ 5, 83 ‑ 10 or 83 ‑ 15 applies is 10% of the * price of the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 70 (which is about the amount of GST on taxable supplies). 83 ‑ 25   When non ‑ residents must apply for registration   (1)   A * non ‑ resident need not apply to be * registered under this Act if the non ‑ resident’s * GST turnover would not meet the * registration turnover threshold but for the * taxable supplies of the non ‑ resident that are taxable supplies to which section   83 ‑ 5 applies.   (2)   It does not matter whether the * non ‑ resident is * required to be registered.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   25 ‑ 1 (which is about when entities must apply for registration). 83 ‑ 30   When the Commissioner must register non ‑ residents   (1)   The Commissioner need not * register a * non ‑ resident if the Commissioner is satisfied that the non ‑ resident’s * GST turnover would not meet the * registration turnover threshold but for the * taxable supplies of the non ‑ resident that are taxable supplies to which section   83 ‑ 5 applies.   (2)   It does not matter whether the * non ‑ resident is * required to be registered.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   25 ‑ 5 (which is about when the Commissioner must register an entity). 83 ‑ 35   Tax invoices not required for “reverse charged” supplies made by non ‑ residents   (1)   A * non ‑ resident is not required to issue a * tax invoice for a * taxable supply of the non ‑ resident that is a taxable supply to which section   83 ‑ 5 applies.   (2)   Subsection   (1) has effect despite section   29 ‑ 70 (which is about the requirement to issue tax invoices).   (3)   Subsection   29 ‑ 10(3) does not apply in relation to a * creditable acquisition made by an entity as a result of being the * recipient of a * taxable supply to which section   83 ‑ 5 applies. Division   84 — Offshore supplies Subdivision   84 ‑ A — Offshore supplies that are taxable supplies, and “reverse charged”, under this Subdivision 84 ‑ 1   What this Subdivision is about This Subdivision deals with certain supplies taking place outside the indirect tax zone. The GST on a supply that is a taxable supply under this Subdivision is “reverse charged” to the recipient of the supply. 84 ‑ 5   Offshore supplies that are taxable supplies under this Subdivision   (1)   A supply is a taxable supply (except to the extent that it is * GST ‑ free or * input taxed) if:   (a)   the supply is for * consideration; and   (b)   the * recipient of the supply is * registered, or * required to be registered; and   (c)   the supply is covered by the third column of this table.   Offshore supplies that are taxable supplies under this Subdivision Item Topic These supplies are covered … 1 Intangible supply—general a supply of anything other than goods or * real property if: (a) the supply is not * connected with the indirect tax zone; and (b) the * recipient of the supply satisfies the purpose test in subsection   (1A). 2 Intangible supply—right or option a supply of anything other than goods or * real property if: (a) the supply is * connected with the indirect tax zone because of paragraph   9 ‑ 25(5)(c); and (b) the * recipient of the supply satisfies the purpose test in subsection   (1A). 3 Intangible supply—supplier believed recipient was not a consumer a supply of anything other than goods or * real property if: (a) the supply is * connected with the indirect tax zone because of paragraph   9 ‑ 25(5)(d); and (b) under section   84 ‑ 100, the * GST law applies in relation to the supplier as if the * recipient was not an * Australian consumer of the supply; and (c) the * ABN of the recipient, or the other identifying information prescribed under subsection   84 ‑ 100(4) relating to the recipient, has been disclosed to the supplier; and (d) the recipient has provided to the supplier a declaration or information that indicates that the recipient is * registered. 4 Low value goods—general an * offshore supply of low value goods if: (a) the supply is not * connected with the indirect tax zone; and (b) the * recipient of the supply satisfies the purpose test in subsection   (1A); and (c) the importation of the goods is not a * taxable importation on which the recipient is liable to pay GST. 5 Low value goods—supplier believed recipient was not a consumer an * offshore supply of low value goods if: (a) the supply is * connected with the indirect tax zone solely because of Subdivision   84 ‑ C; and (b) under section   84 ‑ 105, the * GST law applies in relation to the supplier as if the * recipient was not a * consumer of the supply; and (c) the importation of the goods is not a * taxable importation on which the recipient is liable to pay GST.   (1A)   The purpose test referred to in items   1, 2 and 4 of the table in subsection   (1) is that:   (a)   the * recipient of the supply acquires the thing supplied solely or partly for the purpose of an * enterprise that the recipient * carries on in the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   the recipient does not acquire the thing supplied solely for a * creditable purpose.   (1B)   However, items   3 and 5 of the table in subsection   (1) only cover a supply to the extent that it is * connected with the indirect tax zone solely because of:   (a)   for item   3—paragraph   9 ‑ 25(5)(d); or   (b)   for item   5—Subdivision   84 ‑ C.   (2)   For the purposes of this section, in determining whether the * recipient is * required to be registered, what would be the * value of such supplies (if they were * taxable supplies) is to be counted towards the recipient’s * GST turnover.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a taxable supply). 84 ‑ 10   “Reverse charge” on offshore supplies   (1)   The GST on a supply that is a * taxable supply because of section   84 ‑ 5:   (a)   is payable by the * recipient of the supply; and   (b)   is not payable by the supplier.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 40 (which is about liability for the GST).   (3)   If a supply is a taxable supply under both sections   9 ‑ 5 and 84 ‑ 5, GST is only payable under this section (instead of section   9 ‑ 40). 84 ‑ 12   The amount of GST on offshore supplies that are “reverse charged”   (1)   The amount of GST on a supply that is a * taxable supply because of section   84 ‑ 5 is 10% of the * price of the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 70 (which is about the amount of GST on taxable supplies). Note:   Section   9 ‑ 90 (rounding of amounts of GST) can apply to amounts of GST worked out using this section. 84 ‑ 13   The amount of input tax credits relating to offshore supplies   (1)   The amount of the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition that relates to a supply that is a * taxable supply because of section   84 ‑ 5 is as follows: where: extent of consideration is:   (a)   if the * recipient is the supplier’s * associate and the supply is without * consideration—100%; or   (b)   in any other case—the extent to which you provide, or are liable to provide, the consideration for the acquisition, expressed as a percentage of the total consideration for the acquisition. extent of creditable purpose is the extent to which the * creditable acquisition is for a * creditable purpose, expressed as a percentage of the total purpose of the acquisition. full input tax credit is 11 / 10 of what would have been the amount of the input tax credit for the acquisition if:   (a)   the supply had been or is a * taxable supply otherwise than because of section   84 ‑ 5; and   (b)   the acquisition had been made solely for a creditable purpose; and   (c)   you had provided, or had been liable to provide, all of the consideration for the acquisition.   (1A)   However, if:   (a)   an * annual apportionment election that you have made has effect at the end of the tax period to which the input tax credit is attributable; and   (b)   the acquisition is not an acquisition of a kind specified in the regulations made for the purposes of paragraph   131 ‑ 40(1)(b); the amount of the input tax credit on the acquisition is worked out under section   131 ‑ 40 as if full input tax credit had the same meaning in subsection   131 ‑ 40(2) as it has in subsection   (1) of this section.   (2)   This section has effect despite:   (a)   sections   11 ‑ 25 and 11 ‑ 30 (which are about the amount of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions); and   (b)   section   72 ‑ 45 (which is about the amount of input tax credits on an acquisition from an associate without consideration). 84 ‑ 14   Supplies relating to employee share ownership schemes     This Subdivision does not apply to a supply, to the extent that it is a supply relating to an * employee share scheme, if:   (a)   the * recipient of the supply is not an entity that has acquired, or may in the future acquire, an ESS interest (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under the scheme; and   (b)   Subdivision   83A ‑ B or 83A ‑ C of the ITAA 1997 applies to any ESS interest (within the meaning of that Act) acquired under the scheme; and   (c)   either:   (i)   the * recipient of the supply is a * 100% subsidiary of the supplier; or   (ii)   the supply is a transfer that is taken to be a supply because of section   84 ‑ 15. 84 ‑ 15   Transfers etc. between branches of the same entity   (1)   For the purposes of section   84 ‑ 5, if an entity:   (a)   * carries on an * enterprise in the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   also carries on that or another enterprise outside the indirect tax zone; then:   (c)   the transfer of anything to the enterprise in the indirect tax zone from the enterprise outside the indirect tax zone; or   (d)   the doing of anything for the enterprise in the indirect tax zone by the enterprise outside the indirect tax zone; is taken to be a supply that is not * connected with the indirect tax zone. Example:   An entity acquires, through a place of business it has overseas, the right to exploit a particular copyright in the indirect tax zone. That right is then transferred to a place of business that the entity has in the indirect tax zone.   Under this section, the transfer is taken to be a supply that is not connected with the indirect tax zone and, if the other requirements of section   84 ‑ 5 are satisfied, the transfer is a taxable supply.   (2)   If the transfer is a transfer of the services of an employee, this section does not apply to the transfer to the extent that any payments that:   (a)   are made from the * enterprise in the indirect tax zone to the enterprise outside the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   relate to the transfer; would be * withholding payments if they were payments from the enterprise in the indirect tax zone to the employee. 84 ‑ 20   The price of taxable supplies of offshore intangibles without, or for inadequate, consideration   (1)   The price of a supply that is a * taxable supply because of section   84 ‑ 5 is the * GST inclusive market value of the supply, if:   (a)   the supply is from the * recipient’s * associate; and   (b)   the supply is:   (i)   without * consideration; or   (ii)   for consideration that is less than the GST inclusive market value. Note:   A supply to an associate without consideration may be a taxable supply, see section   72 ‑ 5.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the price of taxable supplies). 84 ‑ 25   Tax periods for supplies from associates that are not connected with the indirect tax zone   (1)   This section applies if a supply that is a * taxable supply because of section   84 ‑ 5 is:   (a)   a supply from the * recipient’s * associate without * consideration; and   (b)   not * connected with the indirect tax zone. Note:   If the supply is connected with the indirect tax zone, see sections   72 ‑ 15 and 72 ‑ 50 for the tax periods.   (2)   The tax period to which the GST on the supply, and the input tax credit on the acquisition, is attributable is the tax period in which the thing supplied starts to be done.   (3)   This section has effect despite:   (a)   sections   29 ‑ 5 and 72 ‑ 15 (about attributing GST to tax periods); and   (b)   sections   29 ‑ 10 and 72 ‑ 50 (about attributing input tax credits to tax periods). 84 ‑ 30   Adjustments for acquisitions made solely for a creditable purpose   (1)   This section applies to an acquisition that relates to a supply if the supply would be a * taxable supply under section   84 ‑ 5 if paragraph   84 ‑ 5(1A)(b) were disregarded.   (2)   For the purpose of working out whether there is an * adjustment for the acquisition, and the amount of that adjustment, disregard paragraph   84 ‑ 5(1A)(b). Note:   As a result, the adjustment (including the full input tax credit referred to in sections   129 ‑ 70 and 129 ‑ 75) is worked out assuming the supply is taxable and the acquisition fully creditable. Subdivision   84 ‑ B — Inbound intangible consumer supplies 84 ‑ 45   What this Subdivision is about Tax invoices and adjustment notes are not required for offshore supplies to Australian consumers. The operator of an electronic distribution platform is treated as having made electronic supplies that are made through the platform:   (a)   from offshore to Australian consumers; or   (b)   in some cases, under an agreement with the supplier. The result is that the operator, instead of the suppliers, counts the supplies towards its GST turnover and pays GST on the supplies. 84 ‑ 50   No tax invoices or adjustment notes for inbound intangible consumer supplies   (1)   You are not required to issue a * tax invoice for a * taxable supply that you make if the supply is solely an * inbound intangible consumer supply.   (2)   You are not required to issue an * adjustment note for an * adjustment event relating to a * taxable supply that you make if the supply is solely an * inbound intangible consumer supply.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 70 and 29 ‑ 75 (which are about tax invoices and adjustment notes). 84 ‑ 55   Operator of electronic distribution platform treated as supplier   (1)   If an * inbound intangible consumer supply is made through an * electronic distribution platform, the operator of the platform, instead of the supplier, is treated, for the purposes of the * GST law:   (a)   as being the supplier of, and as making, the supply; and   (b)   as having made the supply for the * consideration for which it was made; and   (c)   as having made the supply in the course or furtherance of an * enterprise that the operator * carries on. Note:   As a consequence, GST on the supply is payable by the operator of the electronic distribution platform.   (2)   Despite subsection   (1), if an * inbound intangible consumer supply is made through more than one * electronic distribution platform, that subsection only applies to the operator of any of those platforms who is:   (a)   * registered and a party to a written agreement, where:   (i)   the agreement is between the operator and at least one of the other operators of the platforms; and   (ii)   the operator is to be treated as the supplier under the agreement; or   (b)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply—the operator determined in accordance with an instrument made under subsection   (3); or   (c)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply and no instrument has been made under subsection   (3):   (i)   the first of the operators of those platforms to receive, or to authorise the charging of, any * consideration for the supply; or   (ii)   if subparagraph   (i) does not apply—the first of the operators of those platforms to authorise the delivery of the supply.   (3)   The Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, specify how an operator is to be determined for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(b).   (4)   Despite subsections   (1) and (2), this section does not apply to an operator of an * electronic distribution platform in relation to an * inbound intangible consumer supply made through the platform if:   (a)   a document, relating to the supply, issued to the * recipient of the supply identifies:   (i)   the supply; and   (ii)   the supplier as the supplier of the supply; and   (b)   the supplier and the operator of the electronic distribution platform have agreed in writing that the supplier is the entity responsible for paying GST for:   (i)   the supply; or   (ii)   a class of supplies that includes the supply; and   (c)   the operator of the electronic distribution platform:   (i)   does not authorise the charge to the recipient for the supply; and   (ii)   does not authorise the delivery of the supply; and   (iii)   does not (whether directly or indirectly) set any of the terms and conditions under which the supply is made. 84 ‑ 60   Extension of section   84 ‑ 55 to certain other supplies through an electronic distribution platform   (1)   Section   84 ‑ 55 applies to a supply that is to be made by means of * electronic communication as if it were an * inbound intangible consumer supply if:   (a)   the supply is made through an * electronic distribution platform; and   (b)   the supply is covered by a written agreement entered into between the supplier and the operator of the platform before the supply is made; and   (c)   the operator is * registered; and   (d)   under the agreement, the supply is to be treated as if it were an inbound intangible consumer supply made through the platform.   (2)   However, subsection   (1) does not apply to the supply if:   (a)   the supply is GST ‑ free or input taxed; or   (b)   the operator would not be treated under section   84 ‑ 55 as being the supplier of, and as making, the supply if it were an * inbound intangible consumer supply.   (3)   If subsection   (1) applies to the supply, the supply is treated as having been made in the course or furtherance of the carrying on of the * enterprise through which the operator operates the platform. 84 ‑ 65   Meaning of inbound intangible consumer supply   (1)   A supply of anything other than goods or * real property is an inbound intangible consumer supply if the * recipient is an * Australian consumer, unless:   (a)   the thing is done wholly in the indirect tax zone; or   (b)   the supplier makes the supply wholly through an * enterprise that the supplier * carries on in the indirect tax zone.   (2)   Disregard section   84 ‑ 55 in determining whether paragraph   (1)(b) applies. 84 ‑ 70   Meaning of electronic distribution platform   (1)   A service (including a website, internet portal, gateway, store or marketplace) is an electronic distribution platform if:   (a)   the service allows entities to make supplies available to end ‑ users; and   (b)   the service is delivered by means of * electronic communication; and   (c)   any of the supplies that are * inbound intangible consumer supplies are to be made by means of electronic communication.   (2)   However, a service is not an electronic distribution platform solely because it is:   (a)   a carriage service (within the meaning of the Telecommunications Act 1997 ); or   (b)   a service consisting of one or more of the following:   (i)   providing access to a payment system;   (ii)   processing payments;   (iii)   providing * vouchers the supply of which are not * taxable supplies because of section   100 ‑ 5. Subdivision   84 ‑ C — Offshore supplies of low value goods 84 ‑ 73   What this Subdivision is about Supplies of low value goods involving goods being brought to the indirect tax zone may be connected with the indirect tax zone. An entity may be treated as the supplier of an offshore supply of low value goods, if the entity is the operator of an electronic distribution platform through which the supply is made, or the entity is a redeliverer of the goods. The result is that the operator or redeliverer, instead of the supplier, counts the supplies towards its GST turnover and pays GST on the supplies. Suppliers of offshore supplies of low value goods are not required to issue tax invoices and adjustment notes, but they must ensure relevant information is included in customs documents. Note 1:   The supplies will need to meet other requirements in order to be taxable supplies: see section   9 ‑ 5. Note 2:   Offshore supplies of low value goods that are not connected with the indirect tax zone under this Subdivision may be taxable supplies, and “reverse ‑ charged”, under Subdivision   84 ‑ A. 84 ‑ 75   Supplies of low value goods that are connected with the indirect tax zone   (1)   An * offshore supply of low value goods is connected with the indirect tax zone if the * recipient of the supply is a * consumer of the supply. Note:   There is an exception to this rule if the supplier reasonably believes there will be a taxable importation of the goods: see section   84 ‑ 83.   (2)   An entity is a consumer of a supply made to the entity if:   (a)   the entity is not * registered; or   (b)   if the entity is registered—the entity does not acquire the thing supplied solely or partly for the purpose of an * enterprise that the entity * carries on in the indirect tax zone. Note:   A supplier may treat a recipient as not being a consumer if the supplier reasonably believes (based on certain information) that to be the case: see section   84 ‑ 105.   (3)   This section has effect in addition to section   9 ‑ 25 (which is about when supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone). 84 ‑ 77   Meaning of offshore supply of low value goods Supplies of low value goods delivered etc. into the indirect tax zone by suppliers   (1)   A * supply of low value goods is an offshore supply of low value goods if:   (a)   the supply involves the goods being brought to the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   the supplier delivers the goods into the indirect tax zone, or procures, arranges or facilitates the delivery of the goods into the indirect tax zone. Supplies of low value goods made through an electronic distribution platform   (2)   Without limiting subsection   (1), a * supply of low value goods is an offshore supply of low value goods if:   (a)   the supply involves the goods being brought to the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   the supply is made through an * electronic distribution platform; and   (c)   the operator of the platform delivers the goods into the indirect tax zone, or procures, arranges or facilitates the delivery of the goods into the indirect tax zone. Supplies of low value goods delivered etc. into the indirect tax zone by redeliverers   (3)   A * supply of low value goods is an offshore supply of low value goods if:   (a)   the supply involves the goods being delivered to a place outside the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   a * redeliverer delivers the goods into the indirect tax zone, or procures, arranges or facilitates the delivery of the goods into the indirect tax zone.   (4)   An entity is a redeliverer in relation to a * supply of low value goods if, as a result of an arrangement with the * recipient of the supply (or another entity acting on the recipient’s behalf), the entity, in the course of * carrying on an enterprise:   (a)   delivers the goods into the indirect tax zone, or procures, arranges or facilitates the delivery of the goods into the indirect tax zone; and     (b)   does one or more of the following:   (i)   provides use of an address outside the indirect tax zone to which the goods are delivered;   (ii)   procures, arranges or facilitates use of an address outside the indirect tax zone to which the goods are delivered;   (iii)   purchases the goods;   (iv)   procures, arranges or facilitates purchase of the goods.   (5)   Disregard section   84 ‑ 81 in applying this section. 84 ‑ 79   Meaning of supply of low value goods   (1)   A supply of goods is a supply of low value goods if:   (a)   the goods supplied are covered by subsection   (3); or   (b)   the goods supplied include goods covered by subsection   (3).   (2)   However, if the goods supplied include goods that are not covered by subsection   (3), then the supply of goods (the actual supply ) is to be treated as if it were 2 separate supplies in the following way:   (a)   the part of the actual supply consisting of goods covered by subsection   (3) is to be treated as if it were a separate supply that is a supply of low value goods (regardless of the total * customs value of the goods to which those supplies relate); and   (b)   the remainder of the actual supply is to be treated as if it were a separate supply that is not a supply of low value goods . Low value goods   (3)   This subsection covers goods if:   (a)   the * customs value of the goods is $1,000 or less; and   (b)   the goods are not tobacco, tobacco products or alcoholic beverages.   (4)   Work out the * customs value of goods for the purposes of this section at the time when the * consideration for the supply was first agreed, and as if:   (a)   the goods were exported from the country from which they were brought to the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   the goods were imported into Australia; and   (c)   the agreement for the supply was an agreement for the importation and for the exportation; and   (d)   to the extent that working out the value involves an assumption about the way in which the Collector (within the meaning of the Customs Act 1901 ) will exercise a discretion—the Collector exercised that discretion in a reasonable manner in accordance with law; and   (e)   if an amount to be taken into account in working out that value is not an amount in Australian currency, the amount so taken into account is the equivalent in Australian currency of that amount, ascertained in any of the following ways:   (i)   in the way provided in section   161J of the Customs Act 1901 ;   (ii)   in the manner determined by the Commissioner under subsection   (5) of this section.   (5)   The Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, determine a manner of ascertaining an amount in Australian currency for the purposes of paragraph   (4)(e).   (6)   Disregard section   84 ‑ 81 in applying this section. 84 ‑ 81   Who makes an offshore supply of low value goods   (1)   This section does not apply to a supply to the extent it is * connected with the indirect tax zone because of a provision of this Act other than this Subdivision.   (2)   This section applies in relation to an * offshore supply of low value goods, regardless of whether the * recipient of the supply is a * consumer. Note:   If the recipient is not a consumer, the entity treated as a supplier by this section must still ensure information is included in customs documents: see section   84 ‑ 91. Operator of electronic distribution platform—extension of section   84 ‑ 55   (3)   Section   84 ‑ 55 applies to a supply as if it were an * inbound intangible consumer supply if:   (a)   the supply is made through an * electronic distribution platform; and   (b)   the supply is an * offshore supply of low value goods. Note:   Section   84 ‑ 55 treats the operator of an electronic distribution platform as the supplier of supplies made through the platform. Redeliverer   (4)   If a supply of goods is an * offshore supply of low value goods solely because of subsection   84 ‑ 77(3), the * redeliverer is taken, for the purposes of this Act:   (a)   as being the supplier of, and as making, the supply; and   (b)   as having made the supply for the * consideration for which it was made; and   (c)   as having made the supply in the course or furtherance of an * enterprise that the redeliverer * carries on.   (5)   Despite subsection   (4), if there is more than one * redeliverer in relation to the supply, that subsection only applies to the redeliverer who is:   (a)   the first of the redeliverers to enter into an arrangement, with the * recipient, relating to the supply; or   (b)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply—the first of the redeliverers to enter into an arrangement, with an * associate of the recipient, relating to the supply; or   (c)   if paragraphs   (a) and (b) do not apply—the first of the redeliverers to enter into an arrangement, of a kind referred to in subsection   84 ‑ 77(4), relating to the supply; or   (d)   if paragraphs   (a), (b) and (c) do not apply—the redeliverer determined in accordance with an instrument made under subsection   (6).   (6)   The Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, make a determination specifying how a * redeliverer of * offshore supplies of low value goods is to be determined for the purposes of paragraph   (5)(d).   (7)   Division   57 (resident agents acting for non ‑ residents) does not apply in relation to a supply to which subsection   (4) applies. 84 ‑ 83   Exception—when supplier reasonably believes there will be a taxable importation   (1)   This section does not apply to a supply to the extent it is * connected with the indirect tax zone because of a provision of this Act other than this Subdivision.   (2)   An * offshore supply of low value goods is not connected with the indirect tax zone to the extent that:   (a)   the supplier takes reasonable steps to obtain information about whether or not the goods would be imported into the indirect tax zone as a * taxable importation; and   (b)   after taking those steps, the supplier reasonably believed that the goods would be imported into the indirect tax zone as a taxable importation.   (3)   Without limiting subsection   (2), paragraph   (2)(a) is taken to be satisfied if the supplier’s usual business systems and processes provide the supplier with a reasonable basis for forming a reasonable belief about whether or not goods to be imported into the indirect tax zone would be imported as a * taxable importation.   (4)   For the purposes of paragraph   (2)(b), the time at which the supplier must have the reasonable belief is:   (a)   if subsection   84 ‑ 81(4) (about redeliverers treated as suppliers) does not apply—at the most recent time before export that the * consideration for the supply was agreed; or   (b)   if subsection   84 ‑ 81(4) applies—at the time of delivering the goods into the indirect tax zone, or procuring, arranging or facilitating the delivery of the goods into the indirect tax zone.   (5)   This section has effect despite section   84 ‑ 75. 84 ‑ 85   Exception—when there is also a taxable importation   (1)   Subsection   (2) applies to an * offshore supply of low value goods you made to the extent that:   (a)   the supply is, apart from this section, a * supplier ‑ taxed offshore supply of low value goods; and   (b)   an importation of the goods was a * taxable importation. Note:   This section applies if section   42 ‑ 15 has not applied to treat the importation as a non ‑ taxable importation.   (2)   The supply is treated as if it were not a * taxable supply if:   (a)   to the extent (if any) that you have * passed on the GST on the supply to another entity—you reimburse the other entity for the passed on GST; and   (b)   an entity provides to you a declaration or information that indicates that GST has been paid on the * taxable importation.   (3)   A supply of goods is a supplier ‑ taxed offshore supply of low value goods if the supply is:   (a)   an * offshore supply of low value goods; and   (b)   a taxable supply solely under section   9 ‑ 5; and   (c)   * connected with the indirect tax zone solely because of this Subdivision. 84 ‑ 87   No tax invoices or adjustment notes for offshore supplies of low value goods   (1)   You are not required to issue a * tax invoice for a * taxable supply that you make if the supply is a * supplier ‑ taxed offshore supply of low value goods.   (2)   You are not required to issue an * adjustment note for an * adjustment event relating to a * taxable supply that you make if the supply is a * supplier ‑ taxed offshore supply of low value goods.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 70 and 29 ‑ 75 (which are about tax invoices and adjustment notes). 84 ‑ 89   Notifying amounts of GST to recipients of offshore supplies of low value goods   (1)   You must give the * recipient of a supply a notice of the amount of GST (if any) payable in relation to the supply if the supply is a * supplier ‑ taxed offshore supply of low value goods.   (2)   You must give the notice in the * approved form, and at the time the * consideration for the supply is first agreed.   (3)   If:   (a)   you make a * supplier ‑ taxed offshore supply of low value goods; and   (b)   you did not give a notice under subsection   (1); and   (c)   the * recipient of the supply requests you to notify the recipient of the amount of GST (if any) payable in relation to the supply; you must, within 5 * business days after the request is made, give the recipient a notice of that amount in the * approved form. Note:   If you do not give the notice as required by this subsection, you are liable to an administrative penalty under subsection   288 ‑ 45(2A) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . 84 ‑ 91   The amount of GST on offshore supplies of low value goods made by redeliverers   (1)   If a * supplier ‑ taxed offshore supply of low value goods is an * offshore supply of low value goods solely because of subsection   84 ‑ 77(3), the amount of GST on the supply is 10% of the * price of the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 70 (which is about the amount of GST on taxable supplies). Note:   Section   9 ‑ 90 (rounding of amounts of GST) can apply to amounts of GST worked out using this section. 84 ‑ 93   Suppliers of offshore supplies of low value goods to ensure tax information is included in customs documents   (1)   If:   (a)   you make an * offshore supply of low value goods; and   (b)   you are * registered, or * required to be registered; you must ensure that the information set out in subsection   (2) is included in one or more of the documents referred to in subsection   (3) (regardless of whether or not the supply is * connected with the indirect tax zone). Note:   If you do not ensure the information is included, you are liable to an administrative penalty under section   288 ‑ 46 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 .   (2)   For the purposes of subsection   (1), the information is as follows:   (a)   your registration number;   (b)   if the * recipient’s * ABN has been disclosed to you—that ABN;   (c)   the extent (if any) to which you are treating the supply as a * taxable supply.   (3)   For the purposes of subsection   (1), the documents are as follows:   (a)   an import declaration (within the meaning of the Customs Act 1901 );   (b)   an import declaration advice (within the meaning of that Act);   (c)   a self ‑ assessed clearance declaration (within the meaning of that Act);   (d)   a self ‑ assessed clearance declaration advice (within the meaning of that Act);   (e)   a document of a kind specified in an instrument made under subsection   (4).   (4)   The Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, make a determination specifying kinds of documents for the purposes of paragraph   (3)(e). Subdivision   84 ‑ D — Consumers of offshore supplies 84 ‑ 95   What this Subdivision is about A supplier is treated in some situations to be making a supply to an entity that is not a consumer, or not an Australian consumer. Note 1:   Whether the recipient of a supply of an intangible is an Australian consumer is one of the tests for whether the supply is connected with the indirect tax zone: see subsection   9 ‑ 25(5). Note 2:   Whether the recipient of an offshore supply of low value goods is a consumer is one of the tests for whether the supply is connected with the indirect tax zone: see subsection   84 ‑ 75(1). Note 3:   Supplies affected by this Subdivision may be supplies that are taxable supplies, and reverse charged, under Subdivision   84 ‑ A. 84 ‑ 100   When entities are treated as not being Australian consumers   (1)   The * GST law applies in relation to you as if another entity was not an * Australian consumer of a supply if:   (a)   you take reasonable steps to obtain information about whether or not the other entity is an Australian consumer of the supply; and   (b)   after taking those steps, you reasonably believe that the other entity is not an Australian consumer of the supply.   (2)   Without limiting subsection   (1), the * GST law applies in relation to you as if another entity was not an * Australian consumer of a supply if:   (a)   your usual business systems and processes provide you with a reasonable basis for forming a reasonable belief about whether the other entity is an Australian consumer of the supply; and   (b)   you reasonably believe that the other entity is not an Australian consumer of the supply.   (3)   For the purposes of subsections   (1) and (2), to the extent that your belief that the other entity is not an * Australian consumer of the supply is based on the other entity being * registered, your belief is reasonable only if:   (a)   the other entity’s * ABN, or the other identifying information prescribed under subsection   (4) relating to the other entity, has been disclosed to you; and   (b)   the other entity has provided to you a declaration or information that indicates that the other entity is registered.   (4)   The Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, prescribe identifying information for the purposes of paragraph   (3)(a). 84 ‑ 105   When entities are treated as not being consumers   (1)   The * GST law applies in relation to you as if another entity was not a * consumer of a supply if you reasonably believe that the other entity is not a consumer of the supply.   (2)   For the purposes of subsection   (1), your belief is reasonable only if:   (a)   the other entity’s * ABN, or the other identifying information prescribed under subsection   (3) relating to the other entity, has been disclosed to you; and   (b)   the other entity has provided to you a declaration or information that indicates that the other entity is * registered.   (3)   The Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, make a determination prescribing identifying information for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a). Division   85 — Telecommunication supplies 85 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Telecommunication supplies that are effectively used or enjoyed in the indirect tax zone are included in the GST system (regardless of where the supplier has a physical presence). 85 ‑ 5   When telecommunication supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone   (1)   A * telecommunication supply is connected with the indirect tax zone if the * recipient of the supply will effectively use or enjoy the supply in the indirect tax zone.   (2)   However, subsection   (1) does not apply to a * telecommunication supply, or a telecommunication supply included in a class of telecommunication supplies, if:   (a)   the supplier makes the supply through an * enterprise that is not * carried on in the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   the Commissioner determines that collection of GST on that supply or class of supplies would not be administratively feasible.   (3)   This section has effect in addition to section   9 ‑ 25 (which is about when supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone), but is subject to section   9 ‑ 26 (which is about when supplies are not connected with the indirect tax zone). 85 ‑ 10   Meaning of telecommunication supply     A telecommunication supply is a supply relating to the transmission, emission or reception of signals, writing, images, sounds or information of any kind by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems. It includes:   (a)   the related transfer or assignment of the right to use capacity for such transmission, emission or reception; and   (b)   provision of access to global information networks. Division   86 — Valuable metals 86 ‑ 1   What this Division is about The GST on taxable supplies of goods consisting wholly or partly of valuable metal can be “reverse charged” to the recipients. 86 ‑ 5   “Reverse charge” on supplies of goods consisting of valuable metal   (1)   The GST on a * taxable supply of goods is payable by the * recipient of the supply, and is not payable by the supplier, if:   (a)   the goods consist wholly or partly of * valuable metal; and   (b)   the recipient is * registered or * required to be registered; and   (c)   either:   (i)   at the time of the supply, the market value of the goods does not exceed the * valuable metal threshold; or   (ii)   the supplier and the recipient agree, in writing, that the GST on the supply be payable by the recipient.   (2)   Subsection   (1) does not apply to a * taxable supply of goods if the supply is in a class of supplies determined under subsection   (3). Determination   (3)   For the purposes of subsection   (2), the Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, determine that subsection   (1) does not apply to a specified class of supplies.   (4)   In making a determination under subsection   (3), the Commissioner may have regard to the following:   (a)   the likelihood that * recipients and suppliers of that class of supply will otherwise comply with their obligations under the * GST law, and the risk of GST not being paid on * taxable supplies in that class if recipients do not pay the GST;   (b)   the costs for recipients and suppliers of that class of supplies to comply with subsection   (1);   (c)   any other relevant matters. Effect of this section on other sections   (5)   This section has effect despite sections   9 ‑ 40 (which is about liability for the GST), 48 ‑ 40, 51 ‑ 30 and 83 ‑ 5 (which are about who is liable for GST). 86 ‑ 10   The valuable metal threshold   (1)   The market value of goods consisting wholly or partly of * valuable metal exceeds the valuable metal threshold at a time if, at that time:   (a)   unless paragraph   (b) applies—the market value of the goods exceeds the market value of the valuable metal in the goods by at least the specified percentage (see subsection   (4)); or   (b)   if the goods consist of goods ( separate goods ), each of which:   (i)   consist wholly or partly of valuable metal; and   (ii)   can be separately supplied;     the market value of each of the separate goods exceeds the market value of the valuable metal in those particular separate goods by at least the specified percentage. Market value of goods and valuable metal   (2)   For the purposes of subsection   (1), the market value of goods or * valuable metal in goods:   (a)   is to be worked out disregarding any amount of GST:   (i)   that is payable on the supply of the goods or metal; or   (ii)   if there is no supply of valuable metal—that would be payable if there were a supply of valuable metal; and   (b)   either:   (i)   unless subparagraph   (ii) applies—is the market value of the goods or metal within the ordinary meaning of the expression; or   (ii)   if the Commissioner has determined under subsection   (3) one or more methods for working out the market value of goods or metal—the market value of the goods or metal worked out using any one of those methods.   (3)   The Commissioner may, by legislative instrument, determine one or more methods of working out the market value of goods or * valuable metal for the purposes of subparagraph   (2)(b)(ii). Specified percentage   (4)   For the purposes of subsection   (1), the specified percentage is:   (a)   if the Minister determines a percentage under subsection   (5)—that percentage; or   (b)   otherwise—10%.   (5)   The Minister may, by legislative instrument, determine a percentage for the purposes of paragraph   (4)(a). Effect of section   (6)   To avoid doubt, this section does not affect how goods that consist of goods that can be separately supplied are otherwise treated for the purposes of this Act. 86 ‑ 15   Recipients who are members of GST groups   (1)   If section   86 ‑ 5 applies to a * taxable supply but the * recipient of the supply is a * member of a * GST group, the GST on the supply:   (a)   is payable by the * representative member; and   (b)   is not payable by the member (unless the member is the representative member).   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   48 ‑ 40, 51 ‑ 30 and 86 ‑ 5 (which are about who is liable for GST). 86 ‑ 20   Recipients who are participants in GST joint ventures   (1)   If section   86 ‑ 5 applies to a * taxable supply but the * recipient of the supply is a * participant in a * GST joint venture and the supply is made, on the recipient’s behalf, by the * joint venture operator of the GST joint venture in the course of activities for which the joint venture was entered into, the GST on the supply:   (a)   is payable by the joint venture operator; and   (b)   is not payable by the participant.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   48 ‑ 40, 51 ‑ 30 and 86 ‑ 5 (which are about who is liable for GST). 86 ‑ 25   The amount of GST on “reverse charged” supplies of goods consisting of valuable metal   (1)   The amount of GST on a supply to which section   86 ‑ 5, 86 ‑ 15 or 86 ‑ 20 applies is 10% of the * price of the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 70 (which is about the amount of GST on taxable supplies). Division   87 — Long ‑ term accommodation in commercial residential premises 87 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Long ‑ term stays in commercial residential premises are given a lower value than would otherwise apply, reducing the amount of GST payable. 87 ‑ 5   Commercial residential premises that are predominantly for long ‑ term accommodation   (1)   The value of a * taxable supply of * commercial accommodation that:   (a)   is provided in * commercial residential premises that are * predominantly for long ‑ term accommodation; and   (b)   is provided to an individual as * long ‑ term accommodation; is 50%, or such other percentage as is specified in the regulations, of what would be the * price of the supply if this Division did not apply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). 87 ‑ 10   Commercial residential premises that are not predominantly for long ‑ term accommodation   (1)   The value of a * taxable supply of * commercial accommodation that:   (a)   is provided in * commercial residential premises that are not * predominantly for long ‑ term accommodation; and   (b)   is provided to an individual as * long ‑ term accommodation; is the sum of:   (c)   the value, worked out in the way set out in section   9 ‑ 75, of that part of the supply that relates to provision of the commercial accommodation during the first 27 days; and   (d)   50%, or such other percentage as is specified in the regulations, of what would be the * price (if this Division did not apply) of that part of the supply that relates to provision of the commercial accommodation after the first 27 days.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). 87 ‑ 15   Meaning of commercial accommodation Commercial accommodation means the right to occupy the whole or any part of * commercial residential premises, including, if it is provided as part of the right so to occupy, the supply of:   (a)   cleaning and maintenance; or   (b)   electricity, gas, air ‑ conditioning or heating; or   (c)   telephone, television, radio or any other similar thing. 87 ‑ 20   Meaning of long ‑ term accommodation etc.   (1)   Long ‑ term accommodation is provided to an individual if * commercial accommodation is provided, for a continuous period of 28 days or more, in the same premises:   (a)   to that individual alone; or   (b)   to that individual, together with one or more other individuals who:   (i)   are also provided with that commercial accommodation; and   (ii)   are not provided with it at their own expense (whether incurred directly or indirectly).   (2)   For the purpose of working out the number of days in the period for which an individual is provided with * commercial accommodation:   (a)   count the day on which he or she is first provided with the commercial accommodation; and   (b)   disregard the day on which he or she ceases to be provided with commercial accommodation.   (3)   * Commercial residential premises are predominantly for long ‑ term accommodation if at least 70% of the individuals who are provided with * commercial accommodation in the premises are provided with commercial accommodation as * long ‑ term accommodation. 87 ‑ 25   Suppliers may choose not to apply this Division   (1)   This Division does not apply to a supply of * commercial accommodation if the supplier chooses not to apply this Division to any supplies of commercial accommodation that the supplier makes.   (2)   The choice applies to all supplies of * commercial accommodation that the supplier makes after the choice is made and before the choice is revoked.   (3)   However, the supplier:   (a)   cannot revoke the choice within 12 months after the day on which the supplier made the choice; and   (b)   cannot make a further choice within 12 months after the day on which the supplier revoked a previous choice. Note:   If you choose not to apply this Division, your supplies (other than GST ‑ free supplies) of long ‑ term accommodation in commercial residential premises are input taxed under section   40 ‑ 35. Division   90 — Company amalgamations 90 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division ensures proper account is taken of liabilities and entitlements under the GST system when companies amalgamate. 90 ‑ 5   Supplies not taxable—amalgamated company registered or required to be registered   (1)   A supply made by an * amalgamating company to an * amalgamated company in the course of * amalgamation is not a * taxable supply if, immediately after the amalgamation, the amalgamated company is * registered or * required to be registered.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a taxable supply). 90 ‑ 10   Value of taxable supplies—amalgamated company not registered or required to be registered   (1)   If:   (a)   an * amalgamating company makes a * taxable supply to an * amalgamated company in the course of * amalgamation; and   (b)   immediately after the amalgamation, the amalgamated company is neither * registered nor * required to be registered; the value of the taxable supply is the * GST exclusive market value of the supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). 90 ‑ 15   Acquisitions not creditable—amalgamated company registered or required to be registered   (1)   An acquisition made by an * amalgamated company from an * amalgamating company in the course of * amalgamation is not a * creditable acquisition if, immediately after the amalgamation, the amalgamated company is * registered or * required to be registered.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 90 ‑ 20   Liability after amalgamation for GST on amalgamating company’s supplies   (1)   An * amalgamated company must pay the GST payable on a * taxable supply if:   (a)   apart from the * amalgamation, the GST would have been payable by any of the * amalgamating companies; and   (b)   the GST was not attributable, before the amalgamation, to a tax period applying to the amalgamating company.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 40 (which is about liability for GST). 90 ‑ 25   Entitlement after amalgamation to input tax credits for amalgamating company’s acquisitions   (1)   An * amalgamated company is entitled to the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition if:   (a)   apart from the * amalgamation, any of the * amalgamating companies would have been entitled to the input tax credit; and   (b)   the input tax credit was not attributable, before the amalgamation, to a tax period applying to the amalgamating company.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 20 (which is about who is entitled to input tax credits). 90 ‑ 30   Adjustments   (1)   An * amalgamated company has an * adjustment if:   (a)   apart from the * amalgamation, any of the * amalgamating companies would have had the adjustment; and   (b)   the adjustment was not attributable, before the amalgamation, to a tax period applying to the amalgamating company.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   17 ‑ 10 (which is about the effect of adjustments on net amounts). 90 ‑ 35   Amalgamating companies accounting on a cash basis   (1)   If:   (a)   immediately before * amalgamation, an * amalgamating company * accounted on a cash basis; and   (b)   GST payable by the company on a * taxable supply, an input tax credit to which the company was entitled for a * creditable acquisition, or an * adjustment that the company had, was not attributable, before the amalgamation, to any of the tax periods applying to the company; and   (c)   the GST, input tax credit or adjustment would have been attributable to such a tax period if the company had not accounted on a cash basis during that period; and   (d)   immediately after the amalgamation, the * amalgamated company does not account on a cash basis; the GST, input tax credit or adjustment (as the case requires) is attributable to the first tax period applying to the amalgamated company that ends after the amalgamation.   (2)   If:   (a)   immediately before * amalgamation, an * amalgamating company * accounted on a cash basis; and   (b)   GST payable by the company on a * taxable supply, an input tax credit to which the company was entitled for a * creditable acquisition, or an * adjustment that the company had, was only to some extent attributable, before the amalgamation, to any of the tax periods applying to the company; and   (c)   the GST, input tax credit or adjustment would have been solely attributable to such a tax period if the company had not accounted on a cash basis during that period; and   (d)   immediately after the amalgamation, the * amalgamated company does not account on a cash basis; the GST, input tax credit or adjustment (as the case requires) is attributable to the first tax period applying to the amalgamated company that ends after the amalgamation, but only to the extent that it was not attributable to any of the tax periods applying to the amalgamating company.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 5, 29 ‑ 10 and 29 ‑ 20 (which are about attributing GST on supplies, input tax credits for acquisitions, and adjustments). Division   93 — Time limit on entitlements to input tax credits 93 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Your entitlements to input tax credits for creditable acquisitions cease unless they are included in your assessed net amounts within a limited period (generally 4 years). 93 ‑ 5   Time limit on entitlements to input tax credits   (1)   You cease to be entitled to an input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition to the extent that the input tax credit has not been taken into account, in an * assessment of a * net amount of yours, during the period of 4 years after the day on which you were required to give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period to which the input tax credit would be attributable under subsection   29 ‑ 10(1) or (2). Note:   Section   93 ‑ 10 sets out circumstances in which your entitlement to the input tax credit does not cease under this section.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 20 (which is about entitlement to input tax credits). Note:   You must hold a valid tax invoice relating to a creditable acquisition to be entitled to have an input tax credit for that acquisition taken into account in working out your assessed net amount for a tax period: see subsection   29 ‑ 10(3). 93 ‑ 10   Exceptions to time limit on entitlements to input tax credits Commissioner determines particular attribution rules   (1)   If the Commissioner determines, under subsection   29 ‑ 25(1), the tax period to which an input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition you make is attributable:   (a)   you do not cease to be entitled to the input tax credit under section   93 ‑ 5; and   (b)   you cease to be entitled to the input tax credit to the extent that the input tax credit has not been taken into account, in an * assessment of a * net amount of yours, during the period of 4 years after the day on which you were required to give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period to which the input tax credit is attributable under the determination. Note:   Subsections   (4) and (5) set out circumstances in which your entitlement to the input tax credit does not cease under paragraph   (b) of this subsection.   (2)   Paragraph   (1)(b) has effect despite section   11 ‑ 20 (which is about entitlement to input tax credits). Amendment of assessments in relation to supplies   (4)   You do not cease under section   93 ‑ 5 or paragraph   (1)(b) of this section to be entitled to an input tax credit if:   (a)   the input tax credit is for a * creditable acquisition that relates to making a supply; and   (b)   during the period of 4 years mentioned in subsection   93 ‑ 5(1) or paragraph   (1)(b) of this section, whichever is relevant, a * net amount of yours is * assessed on the basis that the supply is * input taxed; and   (c)   after the end of that 4 ‑ year period, the Commissioner amends the assessment of your net amount for the tax period to which the supply is attributable under section   155 ‑ 35, 155 ‑ 45 or 155 ‑ 50, or paragraph   155 ‑ 60(a) or (b), in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 on the basis that the supply is not input taxed; and   (d)   the input tax credit is taken into account in an assessment of a net amount of yours (the credit assessment ):   (i)   after the end of that 4 ‑ year period; and   (ii)   at a time when the Commissioner may amend the assessment of your net amount for the tax period mentioned in subsection   93 ‑ 5(1) of this Act or paragraph   (1)(b) of this section, whichever is relevant, (whether the credit assessment or another assessment) under Subdivision   155 ‑ B in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 on the basis that you are entitled to the input tax credit. Request to treat document as tax invoice   (5)   If:   (a)   you requested the Commissioner to treat a document under subsection   29 ‑ 70(1B) as a * tax invoice for the purposes of attributing an input tax credit to a tax period; and   (b)   you made the request before the end of the 4 ‑ year period mentioned in subsection   93 ‑ 5(1) or paragraph   (1)(b) of this section in relation to the tax period; and   (c)   the Commissioner agrees to the request after the end of the 4 ‑ year period; you do not cease under section   93 ‑ 5 or paragraph   (1)(b) of this section, whichever is relevant, to be entitled to the input tax credit to the extent that, had the Commissioner agreed to the request before the end of the 4 ‑ year period, you would not cease under that section or paragraph to be entitled to the credit. 93 ‑ 15   GST no longer able to be taken into account     You are not entitled to an input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition to the extent that GST on the related supply has not been taken into account in the * assessment of the supplier’s * net amount for the tax period to which that GST is attributable if:   (a)   the period of review (within the meaning of section   155 ‑ 35 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ) for that assessment has ended; and   (b)   when that period of review ended, you did not hold a * tax invoice for the creditable acquisition. Division   96 — Supplies partly connected with the indirect tax zone 96 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division treats a supply that is partly connected with the indirect tax zone as separate supplies, so that only the part of a supply that is connected with the indirect tax zone is included in the GST system. 96 ‑ 5   Supplies that are only partly connected with the indirect tax zone   (1)   If, because a supply (the actual supply ) is a supply of more than one of these kinds:   (a)   a supply of goods;   (b)   a supply of * real property;   (c)   a * telecommunication supply;   (d)   a supply of anything, other than goods or real property, that is not a telecommunication supply; only part of the actual supply is * connected with the indirect tax zone, then the actual supply is to be treated as if it were separate supplies in the following way.   (2)   The part of the actual supply that is * connected with the indirect tax zone is to be treated as if it were a separate supply that is connected with the indirect tax zone.   (3)   The part of the actual supply that is not * connected with the indirect tax zone is to be treated as if it were a separate supply that is not connected with the indirect tax zone.   (4)   However, if one of the kinds of supply that forms part of the actual supply may reasonably be regarded as incidental to:   (a)   the other kind of supply that forms part of the actual supply; or   (b)   one (but not both) of the other kinds of supply that form part of the actual supply; and its value (if it were a separate * taxable supply) would not exceed $50,000, it is treated as part of that other kind of supply.   (5)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 25 (which is about when supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone). 96 ‑ 10   The value of the taxable components of supplies that are only partly connected with the indirect tax zone   (1)   If a supply (the actual supply ):   (a)   is, because of section   96 ‑ 5, to be treated as separate supplies; and   (b)   the part of the actual supply that is * connected with the indirect tax zone is a * taxable supply, or is partly a * taxable supply and partly a supply that is * GST ‑ free or * input taxed; the value of that part of the actual supply is worked out as follows:   (c)   work out the value of the actual supply, under section   9 ‑ 75, as if it were solely a taxable supply; and   (d)   work out the proportion of that value of the actual supply that the taxable supply represents; and   (e)   multiply that value by the proportion in paragraph   (d).   (2)   If that part of the actual supply is partly a * taxable supply and partly a supply that is * GST ‑ free or * input taxed, this section does not affect the operation of section   9 ‑ 80 in working out the value of so much of that part of the actual supply as is a taxable supply.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). Division   99 — Deposits as security 99 ‑ 1   What this Division is about GST does not apply to the taking of a deposit as security for the performance of an obligation (unless the deposit is forfeited or is applied as consideration). GST is not attributable prior to forfeiture. 99 ‑ 5   Giving a deposit as security does not constitute consideration   (1)   A deposit held as security for the performance of an obligation is not treated as * consideration for a supply, unless the deposit:   (a)   is forfeited because of a failure to perform the obligation; or   (b)   is applied as all or part of the consideration for a supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 99 ‑ 10   Attributing the GST relating to deposits that are forfeited etc.   (1)   The GST payable by you on a * taxable supply for which the * consideration is a deposit that was held as security for the performance of an obligation is attributable to the tax period during which the deposit:   (a)   is forfeited because of a failure to perform the obligation; or   (b)   is applied as all or part of the consideration for a supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 5 (which is about attributing GST for taxable supplies). Division   100 — Vouchers 100 ‑ 1   What this Division is about A supply of a voucher for supplies up to a stated monetary value is not subject to GST. GST may still be payable on the supply for which the voucher is redeemed, and there is an increasing adjustment for unredeemed vouchers. Note:   Vouchers that do not have a stated monetary value can be subject to GST when supplied, but the price of the voucher is excluded when working out the GST on the supply for which the voucher is redeemed (see subsection   9 ‑ 17(1)). 100 ‑ 5   Supplies of vouchers with a stated monetary value   (1)   A supply of a * voucher is not a * taxable supply if:   (a)   on redemption of the voucher, the holder of the voucher is entitled to supplies up to the * stated monetary value of the voucher; and   (b)   the * consideration for supply of the voucher does not exceed the stated monetary value of the voucher.   (2)   If the * consideration for supply of the voucher exceeds the * stated monetary value of the voucher, the consideration is treated (except for the purposes of this section) as if it were reduced by that monetary value.   (2A)   The stated monetary value , in relation to a * voucher other than a * prepaid phone card or facility, means the monetary value stated on the voucher or in documents accompanying the voucher.   (2B)   The stated monetary value , in relation to a * voucher that is a * prepaid phone card or facility, means the sum of:   (a)   in any case—the monetary value stated on the voucher or in documents accompanying the voucher; and   (b)   if the voucher is topped up after it is supplied—the monetary value of the top ‑ up stated on the voucher or in documents accompanying the top ‑ up. However, disregard the monetary value stated on the voucher (or in documents accompanying the voucher) or top ‑ up (as the case requires), of any bonus supplies covered by the voucher or top ‑ up (as the case requires).   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies) and section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 100 ‑ 10   Redemption of vouchers   (1)   The act of redeeming a * voucher is not a supply. Note:   A supply for which the voucher is redeemed is still a supply.   (2)   Subsection   (1) has effect despite section   9 ‑ 10 (which is about what is a supply).   (3)   Subsection   9 ‑ 17(1) (which is about the consideration for exercising rights or options) does not apply to a right or option that is granted by way of a * voucher if, on redemption of the voucher, the holder of the voucher is entitled to supplies up to the * stated monetary value of the voucher. 100 ‑ 12   Consideration on redemption of vouchers   (1)   To avoid doubt, the consideration for a * taxable supply of a thing acquired by fully redeeming a * voucher is taken to be the sum of:   (a)   the * stated monetary value of the voucher, reduced by any amount of that value refunded to the holder of the voucher in respect of the supply; and   (b)   any additional consideration provided for the supply.   (2)   To avoid doubt, the consideration for a * taxable supply of a thing acquired by partly redeeming a * voucher is taken to be the sum of:   (a)   the amount of the * stated monetary value of the voucher that the redemption represents; and   (b)   any additional consideration provided for the supply.   (3)   Subsections   (1) and (2) have effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about consideration). 100 ‑ 15   Increasing adjustments for unredeemed vouchers   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you supplied a * voucher for * consideration; and   (b)   on redemption of the voucher, the holder of the voucher was entitled to supplies up to the * stated monetary value of the voucher; and   (c)   the voucher has not been fully redeemed; and   (d)   you have, for accounting purposes, written back to current income any reserves for the redemption of the voucher.   (2)   The amount of the increasing adjustment is 1/11 of the * stated monetary value of the voucher to the extent that it was not redeemed. 100 ‑ 18   Arrangement for supply of voucher   (1)   An entity (the supplier ) may, in writing, enter into an arrangement with another entity under which the other entity supplies (whether or not as an agent on the supplier’s behalf) a * voucher to a third party.   (2)   If, under the arrangement, the supplier pays, or is liable to pay, an amount, as a commission or similar payment, to the other entity for the other entity’s supply, the supply by the other entity to the supplier, to which the supplier’s payment or liability relates, is treated as if it were not a * taxable supply.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 100 ‑ 20   Vouchers supplied to non ‑ residents and redeemed by others in the indirect tax zone     This Division does not apply to a * voucher supplied to a * non ‑ resident if, because of the application of subsection   38 ‑ 190(3), the supply is not * GST ‑ free. 100 ‑ 25   Meaning of voucher etc.   (1)   A voucher is any:   (a)   voucher, token, stamp, coupon or similar article; or   (b)   * prepaid phone card or facility; the redemption of which in accordance with its terms entitles the holder to receive supplies in accordance with its terms. However, a postage stamp is not a voucher.   (2)   A prepaid phone card or facility is any article or facility supplied for the primary purpose of enabling the holder:   (a)   to use, on a prepaid basis, telephone or like services supplied by a supplier of * telecommunications supplies; or   (b)   to make, on a prepaid basis, acquisitions that are facilitated by using telephone or like services supplied by such a supplier. Division   102 — Cancelled lay ‑ by sales 102 ‑ 1   What this Division is about If a lay ‑ by sale is cancelled, any amount retained or recovered by the supplier is within the GST system. 102 ‑ 5   Cancelled lay ‑ by sales   (1)   If a supply by way of lay ‑ by sale is cancelled:   (a)   any amount already paid by the * recipient that the supplier retains because of the cancellation; and   (b)   any amount the supplier recovers from the recipient because of the cancellation; is treated as * consideration for a supply made by the supplier and as consideration for an acquisition made by the recipient.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about what is consideration). 102 ‑ 10   Attributing GST and input tax credits   (1)   If an amount is retained or recovered in circumstances referred to in section   102 ‑ 5:   (a)   the GST payable by you on a * taxable supply for which the amount is * consideration; or   (b)   the input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition for which the amount is consideration; is attributable to the tax period during which the amount was retained or recovered, as the case requires.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 5 and 29 ‑ 10 (which are about attributing GST for taxable supplies and input tax credits for creditable acquisitions). Division   105 — Supplies in satisfaction of debts 105 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division makes a creditor liable for GST on supplies of a debtor’s property where the supply is in satisfaction of a debt owed to the creditor. Note:   This Division overrides Division   58 to the extent that the creditor is a representative of the debtor and the debtor is an incapacitated entity (see section   58 ‑ 95). 105 ‑ 5   Supplies by creditors in satisfaction of debts may be taxable supplies   (1)   You make a taxable supply if:   (a)   you supply the property of another entity (the debtor ) to a third entity in or towards the satisfaction of a debt that the debtor owes to you; and   (b)   had the debtor made the supply, the supply would have been a * taxable supply.   (2)   It does not matter whether:   (a)   you made the supply in the course or furtherance of an * enterprise that you * carry on; or   (b)   you are * registered, or * required to be registered.   (3)   However, the supply is not a * taxable supply if:   (a)   the debtor has given you a written notice stating that the supply would not be a taxable supply if the debtor were to make it, and stating fully the reasons why the supply would not be a taxable supply; or   (b)   if you cannot obtain such a notice—you believe on the basis of reasonable information that the supply would not be a taxable supply if the debtor were to make it.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a taxable supply). 105 ‑ 10   Net amounts   (1)   If you are not * registered or * required to be registered, you do not have a * net amount under Part   2 ‑ 4 merely because you make a * taxable supply under section   105 ‑ 5.   (2)   This section does not prevent an * adjustment arising that relates to such a supply, but you cannot have a * decreasing adjustment unless you are * registered or * required to be registered.   (3)   This section has effect despite Division   17 (which is about net amounts and adjustments). 105 ‑ 15   GST returns   (1)   If, during a month:   (a)   you make any * taxable supplies under section   105 ‑ 5; or   (b)   you have any * increasing adjustments that arise in relation to any such supplies (whether made in that month or a previous month); and you are not * registered or * required to be registered during that month, you must give to the Commissioner a * GST return, within 21 days after the end of the month, relating to those supplies you made in that month and those adjustments.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   31 ‑ 5 and 31 ‑ 10 (which are about giving GST returns). 105 ‑ 20   Payments of GST   (1)   If you are not * registered or * required to be registered during a particular month, you must pay to the Commissioner:   (a)   amounts of * assessed GST on * taxable supplies under section   105 ‑ 5 that you make during that month; and   (b)   * assessed amounts of * increasing adjustments that you have that arise, during that month, in relation to supplies that are taxable supplies under section   105 ‑ 5.   (1A)   You must pay each amount:   (a)   on or before the later of:   (i)   the 21st day after the end of the month; and   (ii)   the day the Commissioner gives notice of the relevant * assessment to you under section   155 ‑ 10 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ; and   (b)   at the place and in the manner specified by the Commissioner.   (2)   This section has effect despite Division   33 (which is about payments of GST). Division   108 — Valuation of taxable supplies of goods in bond 108 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Taxable supplies of goods in bond are given a higher value than would otherwise apply, because the price of a supply in bond does not include any excise duty that would be included after entry of the goods for home consumption. 108 ‑ 5   Taxable supplies of goods in bond etc.   (1)   The value of a * taxable supply of * excisable goods that are in bond is the sum of:   (a)   the value of the supply worked out in the way set out in section   9 ‑ 75; and   (b)   the amount of * excise duty to which the goods would have been subject if they had been entered for home consumption under the Excise Act 1901 at the time the supply first became a supply * connected with the indirect tax zone.   (2)   However, this section does not apply to a supply of goods to a * recipient who:   (a)   is * registered or * required to be registered; and   (b)   acquires the goods solely for a * creditable purpose.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). Division   110 — Tax ‑ related transactions   110 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Some transactions that relate to aspects of income tax and other taxes are outside the GST system. Subdivision   110 ‑ A — Income tax ‑ related transactions 110 ‑ 5   Transfers of tax losses and net capital losses   (1)   A supply is not a * taxable supply if the supply is:   (a)   the transfer of a * tax loss in accordance with Subdivision   170 ‑ A of the * ITAA 1997; or   (b)   the transfer of a * net capital loss in accordance with Subdivision   170 ‑ B of the ITAA 1997.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 110 ‑ 15   Supplies under operation of consolidated group regime   (1)   A supply is not a * taxable supply to the extent that it occurs because of the operation of these provisions:   (a)   Part   3 ‑ 90 of the * ITAA 1997;   (b)   Part   3 ‑ 90 of the Income Tax (Transitional Provisions) Act 1997 .   (2)   Without limiting the scope of subsection   (1), for the purposes of that subsection, the operation mentioned in that subsection includes an operation that results from:   (a)   a choice made under the provisions mentioned in that subsection; or   (b)   any other voluntary action provided for by those provisions.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 110 ‑ 20   Tax sharing agreements—entering into agreement etc.   (1)   This section applies if:   (a)   an entity makes a supply because it enters into or becomes a party to an agreement; and   (b)   the agreement satisfies the requirements of subsections   721 ‑ 25(1) and (2) of the * ITAA 1997 in relation to an existing or future * group liability of the * head company of a * consolidated group or * MEC group.   (2)   The supply is not a * taxable supply to the extent that it relates to the fact that the agreement satisfies those requirements.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 110 ‑ 25   Tax sharing agreements—leaving group clear of group liability   (1)   A supply made to a * TSA contributing member of a * consolidated group or a * MEC group is not a * taxable supply if:   (a)   the supply is a release from an obligation relating to a * contribution amount in relation to a * group liability of the * head company of the group; and Example:   The obligation could be a contractual obligation created by the agreement under which the contribution amount was determined.   (b)   the TSA contributing member has, for the purposes of subsection   721 ‑ 30(3) of the * ITAA 1997, left the group clear of the group liability. Note:   See section   721 ‑ 35 of the ITAA 1997 for when a TSA contributing member has left a group clear of the group liability.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 110 ‑ 30   Tax funding agreements   (1)   This section applies if:   (a)   an entity makes a supply because it enters into or becomes a party to a written agreement; and   (b)   the agreement deals with the distribution of economic burdens and benefits directly related to * tax ‑ related liabilities mentioned in subsection   721 ‑ 10(2) of the * ITAA 1997 of the * head company of a * consolidated group or * MEC group, among * members and former members of the group; and   (c)   if the group is not in existence when the entity enters into or becomes a party to the agreement—the agreement contemplates that the parties to the agreement will become members of the group when it does come into existence; and   (d)   the agreement complies with the requirements (if any) set out in the regulations.   (2)   The supply is not a * taxable supply to the extent that it relates to the fact that the agreement deals with the distribution mentioned in paragraph   (1)(b).   (3)   Without limiting paragraph   (1)(b), the agreement deals with the distribution mentioned in that paragraph if it includes one or more of the following kinds of provisions:   (a)   provisions for * members or former members of the group to contribute towards payment of * tax ‑ related liabilities mentioned in subsection   721 ‑ 10(2) of the * ITAA 1997 of the * head company of the group;   (b)   provisions for payments to be made to a member or former member of the group in recognition of activities or attributes of that member that have the effect of reducing the amount of those liabilities.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). Subdivision   110 ‑ B — Other tax ‑ related transactions 110 ‑ 60   Indirect tax sharing agreements—entering into agreement etc.   (1)   This section applies if:   (a)   an entity makes a supply because it enters into or becomes a party to an agreement; and   (b)   the agreement:   (i)   satisfies the requirements of subsections   444 ‑ 90(1A) to (1E) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 in relation to an indirect tax amount referred to in subsection   444 ‑ 90(1) in that Schedule; or   (ii)   satisfies the requirements of subsections   444 ‑ 80(1A) to (1E) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 in relation to an indirect tax amount referred to in subsection   444 ‑ 80(1) in that Schedule.   (2)   The supply is not a * taxable supply to the extent that it relates to the fact that the agreement satisfies those requirements.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). 110 ‑ 65   Indirect tax sharing agreements—leaving GST group or GST joint venture clear of liability   (1)   A supply made to a contributing member (within the meaning of subsection   444 ‑ 90(1A) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ) of a * GST group is not a * taxable supply if:   (a)   the supply is a release from an obligation relating to a contribution amount (within the meaning of that subsection) relating to liabilities of the * representative member of the group that are referred to in that subsection; and Example:   The obligation could be a contractual obligation created by the agreement under which the contribution amount was determined.   (b)   the contributing member leaves the group in circumstances in which subsection   444 ‑ 90(1B) in that Schedule applies to the contributing member.   (2)   A supply made to a contributing participant (within the meaning of subsection   444 ‑ 80(1A) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ) of a * GST joint venture is not a * taxable supply if:   (a)   the supply is a release from an obligation relating to a contribution amount (within the meaning of that subsection) relating to liabilities of the * joint venture operator of the joint venture that are referred to in that subsection; and Example:   The obligation could be a contractual obligation created by the agreement under which the contribution amount was determined.   (b)   the contributing participant leaves the joint venture in circumstances in which subsection   444 ‑ 80(1B) in that Schedule applies to the contributing participant.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies). Division   111 — Reimbursement of employees etc. 111 ‑ 1   What this Division is about You may be entitled to input tax credits for some reimbursements you make to employees (or associates of employees), agents, officers or partners for expenses they incur. The entitlement extends to charitable bodies and government schools reimbursing their volunteers. 111 ‑ 5   Creditable acquisitions relating to reimbursements   (1)   If one or more of the following applies:   (a)   you reimburse an employee or agent for an expense he or she incurs that is related directly to his or her activities as your employee or agent;   (ab)   you reimburse an employee (whether or not you are the employee’s employer) for an expense that the employee or the employee’s * associate incurs, and the reimbursement constitutes an * expense payment benefit;   (ac)   you reimburse an associate of an employee (whether or not you are the employee’s employer) for an expense that the associate or employee incurs, and the reimbursement constitutes an expense payment benefit;   (b)   you are a * company and you reimburse an * officer for an expense he or she incurs that is related directly to his or her activities as your officer;   (c)   you are a * partnership and you reimburse a partner for an expense he or she incurs that is related directly to his or her activities as a partner in the partnership; the reimbursement is treated as * consideration for an acquisition that you make from the employee, associate, agent, officer or partner. Note:   This section also applies if you reimburse the recipient of certain withholding payments: see section   111 ‑ 20.   (2)   The fact that the supply to you is not a * taxable supply does not stop the acquisition being a * creditable acquisition.   (3)   However, the acquisition is not a * creditable acquisition:   (a)   to the extent (if any) that:   (i)   the employee, * associate, agent, * officer or partner is entitled to an input tax credit for acquiring the thing acquired in incurring the expense; or   (ii)   the acquisition would not, because of Division   69, be a creditable acquisition if you made it; or   (b)   unless the supply of the thing acquired, by the employee, associate, agent, officer or partner in incurring the expense, was a taxable supply; or   (c)   if you would, because of Division   71, not have been entitled to an input tax credit if you had made the acquisition that the employee, associate, agent, officer or partner made.   (3AA)   In working out the extent to which a person is entitled to an input tax credit for the purposes of paragraph   (3)(a), disregard sections   131 ‑ 40 and 131 ‑ 50 (which are about amounts of input tax credits under the annual apportionment rules).   (3A)   If you are a * partnership, this section does not apply to your reimbursement of a partner for an expense he or she incurs if, even without this Division applying, you are entitled to an input tax credit arising from the incurring of the expense.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 111 ‑ 10   Amounts of input tax credits relating to reimbursements   (1)   The amount of the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition the * consideration for which is a reimbursement to which section   111 ‑ 5 applies is an amount equal to 1 / 11 of the amount of the reimbursement.   (2)   However, if:   (a)   the person incurring the expense incurs it in the capacity of an agent, * officer or partner; and   (b)   the incurring of the expense is only in part related directly to his or her activities as your agent or officer, or as a partner, as the case requires; the amount of the input tax credit under subsection   (1) is reduced by an extent equivalent to the extent to which the incurring of the expense is not related directly to those activities.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 25 (which is about the amount of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions). 111 ‑ 15   Tax invoices relating to reimbursements     For the purposes of subsection   29 ‑ 10(3), you are taken to hold a * tax invoice for a * creditable acquisition the * consideration for which is a reimbursement to which section   111 ‑ 5 applies if you hold a tax invoice for the * taxable supply referred to in subsection   111 ‑ 5(3). 111 ‑ 18   Application of Division to volunteers working for charities etc.   (1)   If:   (a)   an * endorsed charity, a * gift ‑ deductible entity or a * government school reimburses an individual for an expense he or she incurs; and   (b)   the expense is directly related to his or her activities as a volunteer of the endorsed charity, gift ‑ deductible entity or government school; this Division applies to the endorsed charity, gift ‑ deductible entity or government school as if:   (c)   the individual were an employee of the endorsed charity, gift ‑ deductible entity or government school; and   (d)   his or her activities in connection with incurring the expense were activities as such an employee.   (3)   Subsection   (1) does not apply in relation to a reimbursement by a * gift ‑ deductible entity endorsed as a deductible gift recipient (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under section   30 ‑ 120 of the ITAA 1997, unless:   (a)   the entity is:   (i)   an * endorsed charity; or   (ii)   a * government school; or   (iii)   a fund, authority or institution of a kind referred to in paragraph   30 ‑ 125(1)(b) of the ITAA 1997; or   (b)   each purpose to which the expense relates is a * gift ‑ deductible purpose of the entity. Note:   This subsection excludes from this section reimbursements by certain (but not all) gift ‑ deductible entities that are only endorsed for the operation of a fund, authority or institution. However, reimbursements can be covered by this section if they relate to the principal purpose of the fund, authority or institution. 111 ‑ 20   Application of Division to recipients of certain withholding payments   (1)   If you make, or are liable to make, * withholding payments covered by subsection   (2), this Division applies to you as if:   (a)   an individual to whom you make (or are liable to make) such payments were your employee; and   (b)   his or her activities in connection with earning such payments were activities as your employee.   (2)   This subsection covers a * withholding payment covered by any of the provisions in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 listed in the table.   Withholding payments covered Item Provision Subject matter 1 Section   12 ‑ 35 Payment to employee 2 Section   12 ‑ 40 Payment to company director 3 Section   12 ‑ 45 Payment to office holder 4 Section   12 ‑ 55 Voluntary agreement to withhold 5 Section   12 ‑ 60 Payment under labour hire arrangement, or specified by regulations 111 ‑ 25   Employers paying expenses of employees etc.     If you make, or are liable to make:   (a)   a payment on behalf of your employee for an expense that he or she incurs that is related directly to his or her activities as your employee; or   (b)   a payment:   (i)   on behalf of an employee (whether or not you are the employee’s employer) for an expense that the employee or the employee’s * associate incurs; or   (ii)   on behalf of an associate of an employee (whether or not you are the employee’s employer) for an expense that the associate or employee incurs;     that constitutes an * expense payment benefit; this Division applies to you as if you reimbursed your employee, or you reimbursed the employee or associate, for the expense. 111 ‑ 30   Reimbursements etc. of former or future employees etc.     This Division applies in relation to:   (a)   reimbursements, of a kind referred to in paragraph   111 ‑ 5(1)(ab) or (ac), of former employees and future employees, and of the * associates of former employees and future employees; and   (b)   payments, of a kind referred to in paragraph   111 ‑ 25(b), that you make or are liable to make on behalf of former employees and future employees, and of the * associates of former employees and future employees; in the same way that this Division applies to such reimbursements of, and such payments that you make or are liable to make to, employees and their associates. Division   113 — PAYG voluntary agreements 113 ‑ 1   What this Division is about A supply is not a taxable supply if:   (a)   an amount must be withheld from payment for the supply because of section   12 ‑ 55 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 (about voluntary agreements to withhold); and   (b)   the acquisition of the thing supplied would be a creditable acquisition if the supply were a taxable supply. 113 ‑ 5   Supply of work or services not a taxable supply   (1)   A supply that you make is not a * taxable supply to the extent that you make it under an arrangement (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) if:   (a)   the arrangement the performance of which, in whole or in part, involves the performance of work or services (whether or not by you); and   (b)   an agreement is in force that:   (i)   complies with section   12 ‑ 55 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 (about voluntary agreements to withhold); and   (ii)   states that the section covers payments under the arrangement, or payments under a series of arrangements that includes the arrangement; and   (c)   you, and the entity acquiring what you supply under the arrangement, are parties to that agreement; and   (d)   you have an * ABN that is in force and is quoted in the agreement; and   (e)   the acquisition, by that entity, of what you supply under the arrangement would be a * creditable acquisition (and not * partly creditable) if the supply were a * taxable supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (about what is a taxable supply.)   A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 1 0 2026-01-30T06:27:00Z 2026-01-30T06:27:00Z 306 66401 315446 11437 6497 377877 16.0000 BILL OFFICIAL Yes 96 3 0 NEW 0 Section Act No. 72, 2025 Yes 14 October 2023 A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 1 January 2026 BILL A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 No.   55, 1999 Compilation No.   96 Compilation date:   1 January 2026 Includes amendments:   Act No. 72, 2025 This compilation is in 2 volumes Volume 1:   sections   1 ‑ 1 to 113 ‑ 5 Volume 2:   sections   114 ‑ 1 to 195 ‑ 1   Schedules   Endnotes Each volume has its own contents About this compilation This compilation This is a compilation of the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 that shows the text of the law as amended and in force on 1 January 2026 (the compilation date ). The notes at the end of this compilation (the endnotes ) include information about amending laws and the amendment history of provisions of the compiled law. Uncommenced amendments The effect of uncommenced amendments is not shown in the text of the compiled law. The details of amendments made up to, but not commenced at, the compilation date are underlined in the endnotes. Any uncommenced amendments affecting the law are accessible on the Register (www.legislation.gov.au). Application, saving and transitional provisions If the operation of a provision or amendment of the compiled law is affected by an application, saving or transitional provision that is not included in this compilation, details are included in the endnotes. Editorial changes For more information about any editorial changes made in this compilation, see the endnotes. Presentational changes The Legislation Act 2003 provides for First Parliamentary Counsel to make presentational changes to a compilation. Presentational changes are applied to give a more consistent look and feel to legislation published on the Register, and enable the user to more easily navigate those documents. Modifications If the compiled law is modified by another law, the compiled law operates as modified but the modification does not amend the text of the law. Accordingly, this compilation does not show the text of the compiled law as modified. Any modifications affecting the law are accessible on the Register. Self ‑ repealing provisions If a provision of the compiled law has been repealed in accordance with a provision of the law, details are included in the endnotes.       Contents Chapter   4—The special rules Part   4 ‑ 3—Special rules mainly about importations Division   114—Importations without entry for home consumption 114 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 114 ‑ 5   Importations without entry for home consumption 114 ‑ 10   Goods that have already been entered for home consumption etc. 114 ‑ 15   Payments of amounts of assessed GST where security for payment of customs duty is forfeited 114 ‑ 20   Payments of amounts of assessed GST where delivery into home consumption is authorised under section   71 of the Customs Act 114 ‑ 25   Warehoused goods entered for home consumption by an entity other than the importer Division   117—Valuation of re ‑ imported goods 117 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 117 ‑ 5   Valuation of taxable importations of goods that were exported for repair or renovation 117 ‑ 10   Valuation of taxable importations of live animals that were exported 117 ‑ 15   Refunds of assessed GST on certain reimportations of live animals Part   4 ‑ 4—Special rules mainly about net amounts and adjustments Division   123—Simplified accounting methods for retailers and small enterprise entities 123 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 123 ‑ 5   Commissioner may determine simplified accounting methods 123 ‑ 7   Meaning of small enterprise entity 123 ‑ 10   Choosing to apply a simplified accounting method 123 ‑ 15   Net amounts Division   126—Gambling 126 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 126 ‑ 5   Global accounting system for gambling supplies 126 ‑ 10   Global GST amounts 126 ‑ 15   Losses carried forward 126 ‑ 20   Bad debts 126 ‑ 25   Application of Subdivision   9 ‑ C 126 ‑ 27   When gambling supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone 126 ‑ 30   Gambling supplies do not give rise to creditable acquisitions 126 ‑ 32   Repayments of gambling losses are not consideration 126 ‑ 33   Tax invoices not required for gambling supplies 126 ‑ 35   Meaning of gambling supply and gambling event Division   129—Changes in the extent of creditable purpose 129 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   129 ‑ A—General 129 ‑ 5   Adjustments arising under this Division 129 ‑ 10   Adjustments do not arise under this Division for acquisitions and importations below a certain value 129 ‑ 15   Adjustments do not arise under this Division where there are adjustments under Division   130 Subdivision   129 ‑ B—Adjustment periods 129 ‑ 20   Adjustment periods 129 ‑ 25   Effect on adjustment periods of things being disposed of etc. Subdivision   129 ‑ C—When adjustments for acquisitions and importations arise 129 ‑ 40   Working out whether you have an adjustment 129 ‑ 45   Gifts to gift ‑ deductible entities 129 ‑ 50   Creditable purpose 129 ‑ 55   Meaning of apply Subdivision   129 ‑ D—Amounts of adjustments for acquisitions and importations 129 ‑ 70   The amount of an increasing adjustment 129 ‑ 75   The amount of a decreasing adjustment 129 ‑ 80   Effect of adjustment under certain Divisions Subdivision   129 ‑ E—Attributing adjustments under this Division 129 ‑ 90   Attributing your adjustments for changes in extent of creditable purpose Division   130—Goods applied solely to private or domestic use 130 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 130 ‑ 5   Goods applied solely to private or domestic use Division   131—Annual apportionment of creditable purpose 131 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   131 ‑ A—Electing to have annual apportionment 131 ‑ 5   Eligibility to make an annual apportionment election 131 ‑ 10   Making an annual apportionment election 131 ‑ 15   Annual apportionment elections by representative members of GST groups 131 ‑ 20   Duration of an annual apportionment election Subdivision   131 ‑ B—Consequences of electing to have annual apportionment 131 ‑ 40   Input tax credits for acquisitions that are partly creditable 131 ‑ 45   Input tax credits for importations that are partly creditable 131 ‑ 50   Amounts of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions or creditable importations of certain cars 131 ‑ 55   Increasing adjustments relating to annually apportioned acquisitions and importations 131 ‑ 60   Attributing adjustments under section   131 ‑ 55 Division   132—Supplies of things acquired etc. without full input tax credits 132 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 132 ‑ 5   Decreasing adjustments for supplies of things acquired, imported or applied for a purpose that is not fully creditable 132 ‑ 10   Attribution of adjustments under this Division Division   133—Providing additional consideration under gross ‑ up clauses 133 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 133 ‑ 5   Decreasing adjustments for additional consideration provided under gross ‑ up clauses 133 ‑ 10   Availability of adjustments under Division   19 for acquisitions Division   134—Third party payments 134 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 134 ‑ 5   Decreasing adjustments for payments made to third parties 134 ‑ 10   Increasing adjustments for payments received by third parties 134 ‑ 15   Attribution of decreasing adjustments 134 ‑ 20   Third party adjustment notes 134 ‑ 25   Adjustment events do not arise 134 ‑ 30   Application of sections   48 ‑ 55 and 49 ‑ 50 Division   135—Supplies of going concerns 135 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 135 ‑ 5   Initial adjustments for supplies of going concerns 135 ‑ 10   Later adjustments for supplies of going concerns Division   136—Bad debts relating to transactions that are not taxable or creditable to the fullest extent 136 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   136 ‑ A—Bad debts relating to partly taxable or creditable transactions 136 ‑ 5   Adjustments relating to partly taxable supplies 136 ‑ 10   Adjustments in relation to partly creditable acquisitions Subdivision   136 ‑ B—Bad debts relating to transactions that are taxable or creditable at less than 1/11 of the price 136 ‑ 30   Writing off bad debts (taxable supplies) 136 ‑ 35   Recovering amounts previously written off (taxable supplies) 136 ‑ 40   Bad debts written off (creditable acquisitions) 136 ‑ 45   Recovering amounts previously written off (creditable acquisitions) 136 ‑ 50   Meanings of taxable at less than 1 /11 of the price and creditable at less than 1 /11 of the consideration Division   137—Stock on hand on becoming registered etc. 137 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 137 ‑ 5   Adjustments for stock on hand on becoming registered etc. Division   138—Cessation of registration 138 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 138 ‑ 5   Adjustments for cessation of registration 138 ‑ 10   Attributing adjustments for cessation of registration 138 ‑ 15   Ceasing to be registered—amounts not previously attributed 138 ‑ 17   Situations to which this Division does not apply 138 ‑ 20   Application of Division   129 Division   139—Distributions from deceased estates 139 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 139 ‑ 5   Adjustments for distributions from deceased estates 139 ‑ 10   Attributing adjustments for distributions from deceased estates 139 ‑ 15   Application of Division   129 Division   141—Tradex scheme goods 141 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 141 ‑ 5   Adjustments for applying goods contrary to the Tradex Scheme 141 ‑ 10   Meaning of tradex scheme goods etc. 141 ‑ 15   Attribution of adjustments under this Division 141 ‑ 20   Application of Division   129 Division   142—Excess GST 142 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   142 ‑ A—Excess GST unrelated to adjustments 142 ‑ 5   When this Subdivision applies 142 ‑ 10   Refunding the excess GST 142 ‑ 15   When section   142 ‑ 10 does not apply 142 ‑ 16   No refund of excess GST relating to supplies treated as non ‑ taxable importations Subdivision   142 ‑ B—GST related to cancelled supplies 142 ‑ 20   Refunding GST relating to cancelled supplies Subdivision   142 ‑ C—Passed ‑ on GST 142 ‑ 25   Working out if GST has been passed on Part   4 ‑ 5—Special rules mainly about registration Division   144—Taxis 144 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 144 ‑ 5   Requirement to register Division   146—Limited registration entities 146 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 146 ‑ 5   Limited registration entities 146 ‑ 10   Limited registration entities cannot make creditable acquisitions 146 ‑ 15   Limited registration entities cannot make creditable importations 146 ‑ 20   Entries in the Australian Business Register 146 ‑ 25   Limited registration entities have only quarterly tax periods Division   149—Government entities 149 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 149 ‑ 5   Government entities may register 149 ‑ 10   Government entities are not required to be registered 149 ‑ 15   GST law applies to registered government entities 149 ‑ 20   Government entities not required to cancel their registration 149 ‑ 25   Membership requirements of a government GST group Part   4 ‑ 6—Special rules mainly about tax periods Division   151—Annual tax periods 151 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   151 ‑ A—Electing to have annual tax periods 151 ‑ 5   Eligibility to make an annual tax period election 151 ‑ 10   Making an annual tax period election 151 ‑ 15   Annual tax period elections by representative members of GST groups 151 ‑ 20   When you must make your annual tax period election 151 ‑ 25   Duration of an annual tax period election Subdivision   151 ‑ B—Consequences of electing to have annual tax periods 151 ‑ 40   Annual tax periods 151 ‑ 45   When GST returns for annual tax periods must be given 151 ‑ 50   When payments of assessed net amounts for annual tax periods must be made 151 ‑ 55   An entity’s concluding annual tax period 151 ‑ 60   The effect of incapacitation or cessation Division   153—Agents etc. and insurance brokers 153 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   153 ‑ A—General 153 ‑ 5   Attributing the input tax credits for your creditable acquisitions 153 ‑ 10   Attributing your adjustments 153 ‑ 15   Tax invoices 153 ‑ 20   Adjustment notes 153 ‑ 25   Insurance supplied through insurance brokers Subdivision   153 ‑ B—Principals and intermediaries as separate suppliers or acquirers 153 ‑ 50   Arrangements under which intermediaries are treated as suppliers or acquirers 153 ‑ 55   The effect of these arrangements on supplies 153 ‑ 60   The effect of these arrangements on acquisitions 153 ‑ 65   Determinations that supplies or acquisitions are taken to be under these arrangements Division   156—Supplies and acquisitions made on a progressive or periodic basis 156 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 156 ‑ 5   Attributing the GST on progressive or periodic supplies 156 ‑ 10   Attributing the input tax credits on progressive or periodic acquisitions 156 ‑ 15   Progressive or periodic supplies partly connected with the indirect tax zone 156 ‑ 17   Application of Division   58 to progressive or periodic supplies and acquisitions 156 ‑ 20   Application of Division   129 to progressive or periodic acquisitions 156 ‑ 22   Leases etc. treated as being on a progressive or periodic basis 156 ‑ 23   Certain supplies or acquisitions under hire purchase agreements treated as not on progressive or periodic basis 156 ‑ 25   Accounting on a cash basis Division   157—Accounting basis of charities etc. 157 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 157 ‑ 5   Charities etc. choosing to account on a cash basis 157 ‑ 10   Charities etc. ceasing to account on a cash basis Division   158—Hire purchase agreements 158 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 158 ‑ 5   Treat as not accounting on a cash basis Division   159—Changing your accounting basis 159 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 159 ‑ 5   Ceasing to account on a cash basis—amounts not previously attributed 159 ‑ 10   Ceasing to account on a cash basis—amounts partly attributed 159 ‑ 15   Ceasing to account on a cash basis—bad debts 159 ‑ 20   Starting to account on a cash basis 159 ‑ 25   Starting to account on a cash basis—bad debts 159 ‑ 30   Entities ceasing to exist or coming into existence Part   4 ‑ 7—Special rules mainly about returns, payments and refunds Division   162—Payment of GST by instalments 162 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   162 ‑ A—Electing to pay GST by instalments 162 ‑ 5   Eligibility to elect to pay GST by instalments 162 ‑ 10   Your current GST lodgment record 162 ‑ 15   Electing to pay GST by instalments 162 ‑ 20   Elections by representative members of GST groups 162 ‑ 25   When you must make your election 162 ‑ 30   Duration of your election Subdivision   162 ‑ B—Consequences of electing to pay GST by instalments 162 ‑ 50   GST instalment payers 162 ‑ 55   Tax periods for GST instalment payers 162 ‑ 60   When GST returns for GST instalment payers must be given 162 ‑ 65   The form and contents of GST returns for GST instalment payers 162 ‑ 70   Payment of GST instalments 162 ‑ 75   Giving notices relating to GST instalments 162 ‑ 80   Certain entities pay only 2 GST instalments for each year 162 ‑ 85   A GST instalment payer’s concluding tax period 162 ‑ 90   The effect of incapacitation or cessation 162 ‑ 95   The effect of changing the membership of GST groups 162 ‑ 100   General interest charge on late payment 162 ‑ 105   Net amounts for GST instalment payers 162 ‑ 110   When payments of assessed net amounts must be made—GST instalment payers Subdivision   162 ‑ C—GST instalments 162 ‑ 130   What are your GST instalments 162 ‑ 135   Notified instalment amounts 162 ‑ 140   Varied instalment amounts 162 ‑ 145   Your annual GST liability Subdivision   162 ‑ D—Penalty payable in certain cases if varied instalment amounts are too low 162 ‑ 170   What this Subdivision is about 162 ‑ 175   GST payments are less than 85% of annual GST liability 162 ‑ 180   Estimated annual GST amount is less than 85% of annual GST liability 162 ‑ 185   Shortfall in GST instalments worked out on the basis of estimated annual GST amount 162 ‑ 190   Periods for which penalty is payable 162 ‑ 195   Reduction in penalties if notified instalment amount is less than 25% of annual GST liability 162 ‑ 200   Reduction in penalties if GST instalment shortfall is made up in a later instalment 162 ‑ 205   This Subdivision does not create a liability for general interest charge Division   165—Anti ‑ avoidance 165 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Subdivision   165 ‑ A—Application of this Division 165 ‑ 5   When does this Division operate? 165 ‑ 10   When does an entity get a GST benefit from a scheme? 165 ‑ 15   Matters to be considered in determining purpose or effect Subdivision   165 ‑ B—Commissioner may negate effects of schemes for GST benefits 165 ‑ 40   Commissioner may make declaration for purpose of negating avoider’s GST benefits 165 ‑ 45   Commissioner may reduce an entity’s net amount or GST to compensate 165 ‑ 50   Declaration has effect according to its terms 165 ‑ 55   Commissioner may disregard scheme in making declarations 165 ‑ 60   One declaration may cover several tax periods and importations 165 ‑ 65   Commissioner must give copy of declaration to entity affected Division   168—Tourist refund scheme 168 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 168 ‑ 5   Tourist refund scheme 168 ‑ 10   Supplies later found to be GST ‑ free supplies Division   171—Customs security etc. given on taxable importations 171 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 171 ‑ 5   Security or undertaking given under section   162 or 162A of the Customs Act Chapter   5—Miscellaneous Part   5 ‑ 1—Miscellaneous Division   176—Endorsement of charities etc. 176 ‑ 1   Endorsement by Commissioner as charity Division   177—Miscellaneous 177 ‑ 1   Commonwealth etc. not liable to pay GST 177 ‑ 3   Acquisitions from State or Territory bodies where GST liability is notional 177 ‑ 5   Cancellation of exemptions from GST 177 ‑ 10   Ministerial determinations 177 ‑ 11   Delegation by Aged Care System Governor 177 ‑ 12   GST implications of references to price, value etc. in other Acts 177 ‑ 15   Regulations 177 ‑ 20   Review of provisions relating to offshore supplies of low value goods Chapter   6—Interpreting this Act Part   6 ‑ 1—Rules for interpreting this Act Division   182—Rules for interpreting this Act 182 ‑ 1   What forms part of this Act 182 ‑ 5   What does not form part of this Act 182 ‑ 10   Explanatory sections, and their role in interpreting this Act 182 ‑ 15   Schedules   1, 2 and 3 Part   6 ‑ 2—Meaning of some important concepts Division   184—Meaning of entity 184 ‑ 1   Entities 184 ‑ 5   Supplies etc. by partnerships and other unincorporated bodies Division   188—Meaning of GST turnover 188 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 188 ‑ 5   Explanation of the turnover thresholds 188 ‑ 10   Whether your GST turnover meets, or does not exceed, a turnover threshold 188 ‑ 15   Current GST turnover 188 ‑ 20   Projected GST turnover 188 ‑ 22   Settlements of insurance claims to be disregarded 188 ‑ 23   Supplies “reverse charged” under Division   83 or 86 not to be included in a recipient’s GST turnover 188 ‑ 24   Supplies to which Subdivision   153 ‑ B applies 188 ‑ 25   Transfer of capital assets, and termination etc. of enterprise, to be disregarded 188 ‑ 30   The value of non ‑ taxable supplies 188 ‑ 32   The value of gambling supplies 188 ‑ 35   The value of loans 188 ‑ 40   Supplies of employee services by overseas entities to be disregarded for the registration turnover threshold Division   189—Exceeding the financial acquisitions threshold 189 ‑ 1   What this Division is about 189 ‑ 5   Exceeding the financial acquisitions threshold—current acquisitions 189 ‑ 10   Exceeding the financial acquisitions threshold—future acquisitions 189 ‑ 15   Meaning of financial acquisition Division   190—90% owned groups of companies 190 ‑ 1   90% owned groups 190 ‑ 5   When a company has at least a 90% stake in another company Part   6 ‑ 3—Dictionary Division   195—Dictionary 195 ‑ 1   Dictionary Schedule   1—Food that is not GST ‑ free 1   Food that is not GST ‑ free 2   Prepared food, bakery products and biscuit goods 3   Prepared meals 4   Candied peel 5   Goods that are not biscuit goods Schedule   2—Beverages that are GST ‑ free 1   Beverages that are GST ‑ free 2   Tea, coffee etc. 3   Fruit and vegetable juices Schedule   3—Medical aids and appliances Endnotes   Endnote 1—About the endnotes Endnote 2—Abbreviation key Endnote 3—Legislation history Endnote 4—Amendment history   Chapter   4 — The special rules Part   4 ‑ 3 — Special rules mainly about importations Note:   The special rules in this Part mainly modify the operation of Part   2 ‑ 3, but they may affect other Parts of Chapter   2 in minor ways. Division   114 — Importations without entry for home consumption 114 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division treats as taxable importations several kinds of importations of goods covered by the Customs Act 1901 , even though the goods are not entered for home consumption. An entity that enters for home consumption warehoused goods imported by someone else is entitled to any input tax credit for the importation. 114 ‑ 5   Importations without entry for home consumption   (1)   You make a taxable importation if:   (a)   the circumstances referred to in the third column of the following table occur; and   (b)   you are referred to in the fourth column of the table as the importer in relation to those circumstances. However, there is not a taxable importation to the extent that the importation to which the circumstances relate is a * non ‑ taxable importation.   Importations without entry for home consumption Item Topic Circumstance Importer 1 Personal or household effects of passengers or crew Goods of a kind referred to in paragraph   68(1)(d) of the Customs Act 1901 are delivered into home consumption in accordance with an authorisation under section   71 of that Act. The person to whom the authorisation was granted. 2 Low value consignments by post Goods of a kind referred to in paragraph   68(1)(e) of the Customs Act 1901 are delivered into home consumption in accordance with an authorisation under section   71 of that Act. The person to whom the authorisation was granted. 3 Other low value consignments Goods of a kind referred to in paragraph   68(1)(f) of the Customs Act 1901 are delivered into home consumption in accordance with an authorisation under section   71 of that Act. The person to whom the authorisation was granted. 4 Other goods exempt from entry Goods of a kind referred to in paragraph   68(1)(i) of the Customs Act 1901 are delivered into home consumption in accordance with an authorisation under section   71 of that Act. The person to whom the authorisation was granted. 5 Like customable goods Goods are delivered into home consumption in accordance with a permission granted under section   69 of the Customs Act 1901 . The person to whom the permission was granted. 6 Special clearance goods Goods are delivered into home consumption in accordance with a permission granted under section   70 of the Customs Act 1901 . The person to whom the permission was granted. 10 Return of seized goods Goods that have been seized under a warrant issued under section   203 of the Customs Act 1901 , or under section   203B or 203C of that Act, are delivered to a person on the basis that they are not forfeited goods. The person to whom the goods are delivered. 13 Inwards duty free shops Goods that are * airport shop goods purchased from an * inwards duty free shop by a * relevant traveller are removed from a * customs clearance area. The relevant traveller. 15 Installations and goods on installations Goods are deemed by section   49B of the Customs Act 1901 to be imported into the indirect tax zone. The person who is the owner (within the meaning of the Customs Act 1901 ) of the goods when they are deemed to be so imported. 16 Goods not entered for home consumption when required Goods not covered by any other item of this table are imported into the indirect tax zone, and: (a) if they are required to be entered under section   68 of the Customs Act 1901 —they are not entered in accordance with that requirement; or (b) in any other case—a requirement under that Act relating to their importation has not been complied with The person who fails to comply with that requirement.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   13 ‑ 5. 114 ‑ 10   Goods that have already been entered for home consumption etc.     Once goods have been:   (a)   entered for home consumption within the meaning of the Customs Act 1901 ; or   (b)   taken to be imported because of the application of an item in the table in section   114 ‑ 5; they cannot subsequently be taken to be imported because of the application of an item in the table, unless they have been exported from the indirect tax zone since they were so entered or taken to be imported. 114 ‑ 15   Payments of amounts of assessed GST where security for payment of customs duty is forfeited   (1)   If:   (a)   a circumstance relating to goods is an importation of the goods into the indirect tax zone because of an item of the table in section   114 ‑ 5; and   (b)   security has been given under the Customs Act 1901 for payment of * customs duty in respect of the goods; and   (c)   the security is forfeited; any * assessed GST payable on the importation is to be paid when the security is forfeited.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   33 ‑ 15 (which is about payments of amounts of assessed GST on importations). 114 ‑ 20   Payments of amounts of assessed GST where delivery into home consumption is authorised under section   71 of the Customs Act   (1)   If:   (a)   the delivery of goods into home consumption in accordance with an authorisation under section   71 of the Customs Act 1901 is an importation into the indirect tax zone because of item   1, 2, 3 or 4 of the table in section   114 ‑ 5; and   (b)   information was provided under section   71 of that Act in connection with the granting of the authorisation; any * assessed GST payable on the importation is to be paid when the information was provided/on or before the granting of the authorisation.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   33 ‑ 15 (which is about payments of amounts of assessed GST on importations) and 114 ‑ 15. 114 ‑ 25   Warehoused goods entered for home consumption by an entity other than the importer   (1)   If you enter for home consumption (within the meaning of the Customs Act 1901 ) goods that are warehoused goods (within the meaning of that Act) and that were imported by another person:   (a)   you are treated, for the purposes of Division   15, as having imported the goods; and   (b)   the extent (if any) to which you entered the goods for home consumption for a * creditable purpose is treated as the extent (if any) to which you imported the goods for a creditable purpose.   (2)   This section has effect despite Division   15 (which is about creditable importations). Division   117 — Valuation of re ‑ imported goods 117 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Taxable importations of goods that were exported, and then re ‑ imported, are in some cases given a lower value than would otherwise apply. The GST then applies only to the lower value, and not to the entire value, of the goods. 117 ‑ 5   Valuation of taxable importations of goods that were exported for repair or renovation   (1)   The value of a * taxable importation of goods that were exported from the indirect tax zone for repair or renovation, or that are part of a * batch repair process, is the sum of:   (a)   the cost, as determined by the * Comptroller ‑ General of Customs, of materials, labour and other charges involved in the repair or renovation; and   (b)   the amount paid or payable:   (i)   for the * international transport of the goods to their * place of consignment in the indirect tax zone; and   (ii)   to insure the goods for that transport;     to the extent that the amount is not already included under paragraph   (a); and   (ba)   the amount paid or payable for a supply to which item   5A in the table in subsection   38 ‑ 355(1) applies, to the extent that the amount:   (i)   is not an amount, the payment of which (or the discharging of a liability to make a payment of which), because of Division   81 or regulations made under that Division, is not the provision of * consideration; and Note:   Division   81 excludes certain taxes, fees and charges from the provision of consideration.   (ii)   is not already included under paragraph   (a) or (b); and   (c)   any * customs duty payable in respect of the importation of the goods.   (1A)   If an amount to be taken into account under paragraph   (1)(b) or (ba) is not an amount in Australian currency, the amount so taken into account is the equivalent in Australian currency of that amount, ascertained in the way provided in section   161J of the Customs Act 1901 .   (2)   Goods are part of a batch repair process if:   (a)   they are part of a process to replace goods that were exported from the indirect tax zone for repair or renovation; and   (b)   they are not new or upgraded versions of the exported goods; and   (c)   they are not replacing goods that have reached the end of their effective operational life.   (3)   This section has effect despite subsection   13 ‑ 20(2) (which is about the value of taxable importations). 117 ‑ 10   Valuation of taxable importations of live animals that were exported   (1)   If there is a * taxable importation of a live animal that was exported, and the difference between:   (a)   what would have been the value of the importation if this section did not apply; and   (b)   what would have been the value of a taxable importation of the animal if it had been imported immediately before the time of the exportation; is greater than zero, the value of the * taxable importation is an amount equal to that difference.   (2)   In any other case, the value of a * taxable importation of a live animal that was exported is nil.   (3)   However, this section does not apply if the ownership of the animal when it is imported is different from its ownership when it was last exported.   (4)   This section has effect despite subsection   13 ‑ 20(2) (which is about the value of taxable importations). 117 ‑ 15   Refunds of assessed GST on certain reimportations of live animals   (1)   If:   (a)   you were liable to pay the * assessed GST on a * taxable importation to which section   117 ‑ 10 applied; and   (b)   the importation was not a * creditable importation; and   (c)   the circumstances specified in the regulations occur; the Commissioner must, on behalf of the Commonwealth, pay to you an amount equal to the amount of the assessed GST payable on the taxable importation.   (2)   The amount is payable within the period and in the manner specified in the regulations. Part   4 ‑ 4 — Special rules mainly about net amounts and adjustments Note:   The special rules in this Part mainly modify the operation of Part   2 ‑ 4, but they may affect other Parts of Chapter   2 in minor ways. Division   123 — Simplified accounting methods for retailers and small enterprise entities 123 ‑ 1   What this Division is about The Commissioner can create simplified accounting methods that some retailers and small enterprise entities can choose to apply with a view to reducing their costs of complying with the requirements of the GST. 123 ‑ 5   Commissioner may determine simplified accounting methods   (1)   The Commissioner may determine in writing an arrangement (to be known as a simplified accounting method) that:   (a)   specifies the kinds of * retailers to whom it is available and provides a method for working out * net amounts of retailers to whom the method applies; or   (b)   specifies the kinds of * small enterprise entities to whom it is available and provides a method for working out * net amounts of small enterprise entities to whom the method applies.   (2)   The kinds of * retailer specified under paragraph   (1)(a) must all be kinds of retailers that:   (a)   sell * food; or   (b)   make supplies that are * GST ‑ free under Subdivision   38 ‑ G (Non ‑ commercial activities of charities etc.); in the course or furtherance of * carrying on their * enterprise.   (3)   The kinds of * small enterprise entities specified under paragraph   (1)(b) must all be kinds of small enterprise entities that, in the course or furtherance of * carrying on their * enterprises:   (a)   make both:   (i)   * taxable supplies; and   (ii)   supplies that are * GST ‑ free; or   (b)   make both:   (i)   * creditable acquisitions; and   (ii)   acquisitions that are not creditable acquisitions because the supplies, made to the small enterprise entities, to which the acquisitions relate are GST ‑ free. 123 ‑ 7   Meaning of small enterprise entity   (1)   An entity is a small enterprise entity at a particular time if:   (a)   the entity is a * small business entity (other than because of subsection   328 ‑ 110(4) of the * ITAA 1997) for the * income year in which the time occurs; or   (aa)   the entity is an entity covered by subsection   (1A) for the income year in which the time occurs; or   (b)   at that time, the entity does not carry on a business and its * GST turnover does not exceed the * small enterprise turnover threshold.   (1A)   An entity is covered by this subsection for an * income year if:   (a)   the entity is not a * small business entity (other than because of subsection   328 ‑ 110(4) of the * ITAA 1997) for the income year; and   (b)   the entity would be such a small business entity for the income year if:   (i)   each reference in Subdivision   328 ‑ C (about what is a small business entity) of that Act to $10 million were instead a reference to $50 million; and   (ii)   the reference in paragraph   328 ‑ 110(5)(b) of that Act to a small business entity were instead a reference to an entity covered by this subsection.   (2)   The small enterprise turnover threshold is $2 million. 123 ‑ 10   Choosing to apply a simplified accounting method   (1)   You may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form:   (a)   choose to apply a * simplified accounting method if you are a * retailer of the kind to whom the method is available; or   (aa)   choose to apply a * simplified accounting method if you are a * small enterprise entity of the kind to whom the method is available; or   (b)   revoke your choice under paragraph   (a) or (aa).   (2)   However, you:   (a)   cannot revoke the choice within 12 months after the day on which you made the choice; and   (b)   cannot make a further choice as a * retailer within 12 months after the day on which you revoked a previous choice as a retailer; and   (ba)   cannot make a further choice as a * small enterprise entity within 12 months after the day on which you revoked a previous choice as a small enterprise entity; and   (c)   cannot choose to apply a * simplified accounting method in addition to another simplified accounting method.   (3)   Your choice to apply a * simplified accounting method has effect from the start of the tax period specified in your notice.   (4)   Your choice to apply a * simplified accounting method ceases to have effect:   (a)   if you made your choice as a * retailer and cease to be a retailer of the kind to whom the method is available—from the start of the tax period occurring after the day on which you cease to be such a retailer; or   (aa)   if you made your choice as a * small enterprise entity and cease to be a small enterprise entity of the kind to whom the method is available—from the start of the tax period occurring after the day on which you cease to be such a small enterprise entity; or   (b)   if you revoke your choice to apply the method—from the start of the tax period specified in your notice of revocation. 123 ‑ 15   Net amounts   (1)   If you are a * retailer or a * small enterprise entity who has chosen to apply a * simplified accounting method, the net amount for a tax period during which the choice has effect is worked out using the method provided for by the simplified accounting method.   (1A)   However, the * net amount worked out under subsection   (1) for the tax period:   (a)   may be increased or decreased under Subdivision   21 ‑ A of the * Wine Tax Act; and   (b)   may be increased or decreased under Subdivision   13 ‑ A of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 . Note 1:   Under Subdivision   21 ‑ A of the Wine Tax Act, amounts of wine tax increase the net amount, and amounts of wine tax credits reduce the net amount. Note 2:   Under Subdivision   13 ‑ A of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 , amounts of luxury car tax increase the net amount, and luxury car tax adjustments alter the net amount.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   17 ‑ 5 (which is about net amounts). Division   126 — Gambling 126 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Gambling is dealt with under the GST by using a global accounting system that provides for an alternative way of working out your net amounts by incorporating your net profits from taxable supplies involving gambling. 126 ‑ 5   Global accounting system for gambling supplies   (1)   If you are liable for the GST on a * gambling supply, your net amount for the tax period to which the GST on the supply is attributable is as follows: where: global GST amount is your * global GST amount for the tax period. input tax credits is the sum of all of the input tax credits to which you are entitled on the * creditable acquisitions and * creditable importations that are attributable to the tax period. Note:   Any supplies under the global accounting system will not have attracted input tax credits. other GST is the sum of all of the GST for which you are liable on the * taxable supplies that are attributable to the tax period, other than * gambling supplies. For the basic rules on what is attributable to a particular period, see Division   29.   (2)   However, the * net amount worked out under subsection   (1) for the tax period:   (a)   may be increased or decreased if you have any * adjustments for the tax period; and   (b)   may be increased or decreased under Subdivision   21 ‑ A of the * Wine Tax Act; and   (c)   may be increased or decreased under Subdivision   13 ‑ A of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 . Note 1:   See Part   2 ‑ 4 for the basic rules on adjustments. Note 2:   Under Subdivision   21 ‑ A of the Wine Tax Act, amounts of wine tax increase the net amount, and amounts of wine tax credits reduce the net amount. Note 3:   Under Subdivision   13 ‑ A of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 , amounts of luxury car tax increase the net amount, and luxury car tax adjustments alter the net amount.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   17 ‑ 5 (which is about net amounts). Note:   If you are a * GST instalment payer your net amount is reduced by GST instalments you have paid: see section   162 ‑ 105. 126 ‑ 10   Global GST amounts   (1)   Your global GST amount for a tax period is as follows: where: total amounts wagered is the sum of the * consideration for all of your * gambling supplies that are attributable to that tax period. total monetary prizes is the sum of:   (a)   the * monetary prizes you are liable to pay, during the tax period, on the outcome of gambling events (whether or not any of those gambling events, or the * gambling supplies to which the monetary prizes relate, take place during the tax period); and   (b)   any amounts of * money or * digital currency you are liable to pay, during the tax period, under agreements between you and * recipients of your gambling supplies, to repay to them a proportion of their losses relating to those supplies (whether or not the supplies take place during the tax period). For the basic rules on what is attributable to a particular period, see Division   29.   (2)   However, your global GST amount is zero for any tax period in which total monetary prizes exceeds total amounts wagered.   (3)   In working out the total monetary prizes for a tax period, disregard any * monetary prizes you are liable to pay, during the tax period, that relate to supplies that are * GST ‑ free.   (4)   Your global GST amount for a tax period may be affected by sections   126 ‑ 15 and 126 ‑ 20. 126 ‑ 15   Losses carried forward     If, for any tax period, your total monetary prizes referred to in subsection   126 ‑ 10(1) exceed your total amounts wagered referred to in that subsection, the amount of that excess is to be added to your total monetary prizes, referred to in that subsection, for the next tax period. 126 ‑ 20   Bad debts   (1)   You cannot have an * adjustment under Division   21 in relation to a * gambling supply.   (2)   If, in a tax period, you write off as bad the whole or part of the * consideration for a * gambling supply that is due as a debt, but has not been received, the amount written off is to be added to your total monetary prizes, referred to in subsection   126 ‑ 10(1), for that tax period.   (3)   However, if, in a tax period, you recover the whole or part of the amount written off, the amount recovered is to be added to your total amounts wagered, referred to in subsection   126 ‑ 10(1), for that tax period.   (4)   This section has effect despite sections   21 ‑ 5 and 21 ‑ 10 (which are about adjustments for writing off and recovering suppliers’ bad debts). 126 ‑ 25   Application of Subdivision   9 ‑ C     Subdivision   9 ‑ C does not apply to a * gambling supply. 126 ‑ 27   When gambling supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone   (1)   A * gambling supply is connected with the indirect tax zone if the * recipient of the supply is an Australian resident (unless he or she is an Australian resident solely because the definition of Australia in the * ITAA 1997 includes the external Territories).   (2)   This section has effect in addition to section   9 ‑ 25 (which is about when supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone). 126 ‑ 30   Gambling supplies do not give rise to creditable acquisitions   (1)   An acquisition of a thing is not a * creditable acquisition if the supply of the thing acquired was a * gambling supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 126 ‑ 32   Repayments of gambling losses are not consideration   (1)   A payment of * money or * digital currency is not the provision of * consideration to the extent that the payment:   (a)   is made by a supplier of * gambling supplies to a * recipient of gambling supplies that the supplier makes; and   (b)   is made, under an agreement between them, to repay to the recipient a proportion of his or her losses relating to those supplies.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 15 (which is about what is consideration). 126 ‑ 33   Tax invoices not required for gambling supplies   (1)   You are not required to issue a * tax invoice for a * taxable supply that you make that is solely a * gambling supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 70 (which is about the requirement to issue tax invoices). 126 ‑ 35   Meaning of gambling supply and gambling event   (1)   A gambling supply is a * taxable supply involving:   (a)   the supply of a ticket (however described) in a lottery, raffle or similar undertaking; or   (b)   the acceptance of a bet (however described) relating to the outcome of a * gambling event.   (2)   A gambling event is:   (a)   the conducting of a lottery or raffle, or similar undertaking; or   (b)   a race, game, or sporting event, or any other event, for which there is an outcome. Division   129 — Changes in the extent of creditable purpose   Table of Subdivisions 129 ‑ A   General 129 ‑ B   Adjustment periods 129 ‑ C   When adjustments for acquisitions and importations arise 129 ‑ D   Amounts of adjustments for acquisitions and importations 129 ‑ E   Attributing adjustments under this Division 129 ‑ 1   What this Division is about The extent to which an acquisition or importation is for a creditable purpose affects the amount of the resulting input tax credit. When the extent of creditable purpose is changed by later events, adjustments (for the purpose of working out net amounts under Part   2 ‑ 4) may need to be made. Subdivision   129 ‑ A — General 129 ‑ 5   Adjustments arising under this Division   (1)   An * adjustment can arise under this Division for:   (a)   an acquisition, even if it is not a * creditable acquisition; or   (b)   an importation, even if it is not a * creditable importation; in respect of any * adjustment period for the acquisition or importation.   (2)   However, in determining:   (a)   whether an adjustment under this Division arises; or   (b)   the amount of such an * adjustment; disregard any change in the extent to which the thing acquired or imported is * applied in making * financial supplies, unless you * exceed the financial acquisitions threshold. 129 ‑ 10   Adjustments do not arise under this Division for acquisitions and importations below a certain value   (1)   Despite section   129 ‑ 5, an adjustment cannot arise under this Division for an acquisition or importation that * relates to business finance, unless the acquisition or importation had a * GST exclusive value of more than $10,000.   (2)   Despite section   129 ‑ 5, an adjustment cannot arise under this Division for an acquisition or importation that does not * relate to business finance, unless the acquisition or importation had a * GST exclusive value of more than $1,000.   (3)   An acquisition or importation relates to business finance if, at the time of the acquisition or importation, it:   (a)   related solely or partly to making * financial supplies; and   (b)   was not solely or partly of a private or domestic nature. 129 ‑ 15   Adjustments do not arise under this Division where there are adjustments under Division   130     Despite section   129 ‑ 5, you cannot have an adjustment under this Division for an acquisition if you have already had an * adjustment under Division   130 (goods applied solely to private or domestic use) for the acquisition. Subdivision   129 ‑ B — Adjustment periods 129 ‑ 20   Adjustment periods   (1)   An adjustment period for an acquisition or importation is a tax period applying to you that:   (a)   starts at least 12 months after the end of the tax period to which the acquisition or importation is attributable (or would be attributable if it were a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation); and   (b)   ends:   (i)   on 30   June in any year; or   (ii)   if none of the tax periods applying to you in a particular year ends on 30   June—closer to 30   June than any of the other tax periods applying to you in that year. In addition, a tax period provided for under section   27 ‑ 39 or 27 ‑ 40 or subsection   151 ‑ 55(1) or 162 ‑ 85(1) is an adjustment period for the acquisition or importation. Note:   Section   27 ‑ 39 deals with an incapacitated entity’s tax periods. Section   27 ‑ 40 and subsections   151 ‑ 55(1) and 162 ‑ 85(1) deal with an entity’s concluding tax period.   (2)   Despite subsection   (1), for an acquisition or importation that * relates to business finance:   (a)   if the * GST exclusive value of the acquisition or importation is $50,000 or less—only the first such tax period is an adjustment period ; or   (b)   if the GST exclusive value of the acquisition or importation is more than $50,000 but less than $500,000—only the first 5 such tax periods are adjustment periods ; or   (c)   if the GST exclusive value of the acquisition or importation is $500,000 or more—only the first 10 such tax periods are adjustment periods .   (3)   Despite subsection   (1), for an acquisition or importation that does not * relate to business finance:   (a)   if the * GST exclusive value of the acquisition or importation is $5,000 or less—only the first 2 such tax periods are adjustment periods ; or   (b)   if the GST exclusive value of the acquisition or importation is more than $5,000 but less than $500,000—only the first 5 such tax periods are adjustment periods ; or   (c)   if the GST exclusive value of the acquisition or importation is $500,000 or more—only the first 10 such tax periods are adjustment periods . However, the Commissioner may, having regard to record keeping requirements for the purposes of income tax, determine in writing that a fewer number of tax periods are adjustment periods for a particular class of acquisitions or importations that do not * relate to business finance. 129 ‑ 25   Effect on adjustment periods of things being disposed of etc.   (1)   Despite section   129 ‑ 20, if:   (a)   you dispose of a thing acquired or imported (other than in circumstances giving rise to a * decreasing adjustment under Division   132); or   (b)   a thing acquired or imported is lost, stolen or destroyed; or   (c)   a thing is acquired only for a particular period and that period expires; the next tax period applying to you that ends:   (d)   on 30   June in any year; or   (e)   if none of the tax periods applying to you in a particular year ends on 30   June—closer to 30   June than any of the other tax periods applying to you in that year; is the last * adjustment period for the acquisition or importation in question.   (2)   Despite section   129 ‑ 20, if:   (a)   you dispose of a thing acquired or imported; and   (b)   the disposal takes place in circumstances giving rise to a * decreasing adjustment under Division   132; then:   (c)   the last * adjustment period to end before the disposal is the last adjustment period for the acquisition or importation in question; and   (d)   if no such adjustment period ended before the disposal, there is no adjustment period for the acquisition or importation.   (3)   This section does not apply to a disposal if this Division continues to apply to the acquisition or importation of the thing because of subsection   138 ‑ 17(2). Subdivision   129 ‑ C — When adjustments for acquisitions and importations arise 129 ‑ 40   Working out whether you have an adjustment   (1)   This is how to work out whether you have an * increasing adjustment or a * decreasing adjustment under this Division, for an * adjustment period, for an acquisition or importation: Method statement Step 1.   Work out the extent (if any) to which you have * applied the thing acquired or imported for a * creditable purpose during the period of time:   (a)   starting when you acquired or imported the thing; and   (b)   ending at the end of the * adjustment period.   This is the actual application of the thing . Step 2.   Work out:   (a)   if you have not previously had an * adjustment under this Division for the acquisition or importation—the extent (if any) to which you acquired or imported the thing for a * creditable purpose; or   (b)   if you have previously had an * adjustment under this Division for the acquisition or importation—the * actual application of the thing in respect of the last adjustment.   This is the intended or former application of the thing . Step 3.   If the * actual application of the thing is less than its * intended or former application, you have an increasing adjustment , for the * adjustment period, for the acquisition or importation. Step 4.   If the * actual application of the thing is greater than its * intended or former application, you have a decreasing adjustment , for the * adjustment period, for the acquisition or importation. Step 5.   If the * actual application of the thing is the same as its * intended or former application, you have neither an increasing adjustment nor a decreasing adjustment, for the * adjustment period, for the acquisition or importation.   (2)   * Actual applications and * intended or former applications are to be expressed as percentages.   (3)   If the thing is acquired through a * reduced credit acquisition and, at the time of the acquisition, it was wholly for a * creditable purpose because of Division   70, the extent to which it was acquired for a creditable purpose is the reduced input tax credit percentage prescribed for the purposes of subsection   70 ‑ 5(2) for an acquisition of that kind. 129 ‑ 45   Gifts to gift ‑ deductible entities   (1)   If you are or were entitled to an input tax credit for the * creditable acquisition of a thing, an * adjustment does not arise under this Subdivision merely because you supply the thing as a gift to an * endorsed charity or * gift ‑ deductible entity.   (3)   Subsection   (1) does not apply in relation to a thing that you supply to a * gift ‑ deductible entity endorsed as a deductible gift recipient (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under section   30 ‑ 120 of the ITAA 1997, unless:   (a)   the entity is:   (i)   an * endorsed charity; or   (ii)   a fund, authority or institution of a kind referred to in paragraph   30 ‑ 125(1)(b) of the ITAA 1997; or   (b)   each purpose to which the supply relates is a * gift ‑ deductible purpose of the entity. Note:   This subsection excludes from this section supplies to certain (but not all) gift ‑ deductible entities that are only endorsed for the operation of a fund, authority or institution. However, supplies can be covered by this section if they relate to the principal purpose of the fund, authority or institution. 129 ‑ 50   Creditable purpose   (1)   You * apply a thing for a creditable purpose to the extent that you apply it in * carrying on your * enterprise.   (2)   However, you do not * apply a thing for a creditable purpose to the extent that:   (a)   the application relates to making supplies that are * input taxed; or   (b)   the application is of a private or domestic nature.   (3)   To the extent that an * application relates to making * financial supplies through an * enterprise, or a part of an enterprise, that you * carry on outside the indirect tax zone, the application is not, for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a), treated as one that relates to making supplies that would be * input taxed. 129 ‑ 55   Meaning of apply     Apply , in relation to a thing acquired or imported, includes:   (a)   supply the thing; and   (b)   consume, dispose of or destroy the thing; and   (c)   allow another entity to consume, dispose of or destroy the thing. Subdivision   129 ‑ D — Amounts of adjustments for acquisitions and importations 129 ‑ 70   The amount of an increasing adjustment     The amount of an * increasing adjustment that you have under Step 3 of the Method statement in section   129 ‑ 40 for the thing acquired or imported is worked out as follows: where: full input tax credit is the amount of the input tax credit to which you would have been entitled for acquiring or importing the thing for the purpose of your * enterprise if:   (a)   the acquisition or importation had been solely for a * creditable purpose; and   (b)   in the case where the supply to you was a * taxable supply because of section   72 ‑ 5 or 84 ‑ 5—the supply had been or is a * taxable supply under section   9 ‑ 5. 129 ‑ 75   The amount of a decreasing adjustment     The amount of a * decreasing adjustment that you have under Step 4 of the Method statement in section   129 ‑ 40 for the thing acquired or imported is worked out as follows: where: full input tax credit is the amount of the input tax credit to which you would have been entitled for acquiring or importing the thing for the purpose of your * enterprise if:   (a)   the acquisition or importation had been solely for a * creditable purpose; and   (b)   in the case where the supply to you was a * taxable supply because of section   72 ‑ 5 or 84 ‑ 5—the supply had been or is a * taxable supply under section   9 ‑ 5. 129 ‑ 80   Effect of adjustment under certain Divisions     For the purpose of working out under this Subdivision the amount of an * adjustment for an acquisition, any adjustments under Division   19, 21, 133 or 134 that you have had for the acquisition are to be taken into account in working out the full input tax credit for the purpose of section   129 ‑ 70 or 129 ‑ 75. Subdivision   129 ‑ E — Attributing adjustments under this Division 129 ‑ 90   Attributing your adjustments for changes in extent of creditable purpose   (1)   An * adjustment that you have arising in respect of an * adjustment period under this Division is attributable to the tax period that is that adjustment period.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 20 (which is about attributing adjustments). Division   130 — Goods applied solely to private or domestic use 130 ‑ 1   What this Division is about You may have an increasing adjustment if you apply solely to private or domestic use goods for which you had a full input tax credit. 130 ‑ 5   Goods applied solely to private or domestic use   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you made a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation of goods; and   (b)   the acquisition or importation was solely for a * creditable purpose; and   (c)   you * apply the goods solely to private or domestic use.   (2)   The amount of the increasing adjustment is an amount equal to the amount of the input tax credit to which you were entitled for the acquisition or importation, taking account of any * adjustments for the acquisition or importation.   (3)   However, this section does not apply if you have previously had an adjustment under Division   129 for the acquisition or importation. Division   131 — Annual apportionment of creditable purpose Table of Subdivisions 131 ‑ A   Electing to have annual apportionment 131 ‑ B   Consequences of electing to have annual apportionment 131 ‑ 1   What this Division is about In some cases, you may be able to claim a full input tax credit for acquisitions that are only partly for a creditable purpose. You will then have an increasing adjustment for a later tax period (that better matches your obligation to lodge an income tax return). Subdivision   131 ‑ A — Electing to have annual apportionment 131 ‑ 5   Eligibility to make an annual apportionment election   (1)   You are eligible to make an * annual apportionment election if:   (a)   either:   (i)   you are a * small business entity (other than because of subsection   328 ‑ 110(4) of the * ITAA 1997) for the * income year in which you make your election; or   (ii)   you do not carry on a * business and your * GST turnover does not exceed the * annual apportionment turnover threshold; and   (b)   you have not made any election under section   162 ‑ 15 to pay GST by instalments (other than such an election that is no longer in effect); and   (c)   you have not made any * annual tax period election (other than such an election that is no longer in effect).   (2)   The annual apportionment turnover threshold is:   (a)   $2 million; or   (b)   such higher amount as the regulations specify. 131 ‑ 10   Making an annual apportionment election   (1)   You may make an * annual apportionment election if you are eligible under section   131 ‑ 5.   (2)   Your election takes effect from:   (a)   the start of the earliest tax period for which, on the day on which you make your election, your * GST return is not yet due (taking into account any further period the Commissioner allows under paragraph   31 ‑ 8(1)(b) or 31 ‑ 10(1)(b)); or   (b)   the start of such other tax period as the Commissioner allows, in accordance with a request you make in the * approved form. Note:   Refusing a request to allow your election to take effect from the start of another tax period is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 131 ‑ 15   Annual apportionment elections by representative members of GST groups   (1)   A * representative member of a * GST group cannot make an * annual apportionment election unless each * member of the GST group is eligible under section   131 ‑ 5.   (2)   If the * representative member makes such an election, or revokes such an election, each * member of the * GST group is taken to have made, or revoked, the election. 131 ‑ 20   Duration of an annual apportionment election General rule   (1)   Your election ceases to have effect if:   (a)   you revoke it; or   (b)   the Commissioner disallows it under subsection   (3); or   (c)   in a case to which subparagraph   131 ‑ 5(1)(a)(i) applied—you are not a * small business entity of the kind referred to in that subparagraph for an * income year; or   (d)   in a case to which subparagraph   131 ‑ 5(1)(a)(ii) applied—on 31   July in a * financial year, you do not satisfy the requirements of that subparagraph. Revocation   (2)   A revocation of your election is taken to have had, or has, effect at the start of the earliest tax period for which, on the day of the revocation, your * GST return is not yet due. Disallowance   (3)   The Commissioner may disallow your election if, and only if, the Commissioner is satisfied that you have failed to comply with one or more of your obligations under a * taxation law. Note:   Disallowing your election is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (4)   A disallowance of your election is taken to have had effect from the start of the tax period in which the Commissioner notifies you of the disallowance. Not being a small business entity for an income year   (5)   If paragraph   (1)(c) applies, your election is taken to have ceased to have effect from the start of the tax period in which the first day of the * income year referred to in that paragraph falls. Failing to satisfy the requirements of subparagraph   131 ‑ 5(1)(a)(ii)   (6)   If paragraph   (1)(d) applies, your election is taken to have ceased to have effect from the start of the tax period in which 31   July in the * financial year referred to in that paragraph falls. Subdivision   131 ‑ B — Consequences of electing to have annual apportionment 131 ‑ 40   Input tax credits for acquisitions that are partly creditable   (1)   The amount of the input tax credit on an acquisition that you make that is * partly creditable is an amount equal to the GST payable on the supply of the thing acquired if:   (a)   an * annual apportionment election that you have made has effect at the end of the tax period to which the input tax credit is attributable; and   (b)   the acquisition is not an acquisition of a kind specified in the regulations.   (2)   However, if one or both of the following apply to the acquisition:   (a)   the acquisition relates to making supplies that would be * input taxed;   (b)   you provide, or are liable to provide, only part of the * consideration for the acquisition; the amount of the input tax credit on the acquisition is as follows: where: extent of consideration is the extent to which you provide, or are liable to provide, the * consideration for the acquisition, expressed as a percentage of the total consideration for the acquisition. extent of non ‑ input ‑ taxed purpose is the extent to which the acquisition does not relate to making supplies that would be * input taxed, expressed as a percentage of the total purpose of the acquisition. full input tax credit is what would have been the amount of the input tax credit for the acquisition if it had been made solely for a * creditable purpose and you had provided, or had been liable to provide, all of the consideration for the acquisition.   (3)   In determining for the purposes of subsection   (2) whether, or the extent to which, an acquisition relates to making supplies that would be * input taxed, subsections   11 ‑ 15(3) to (5) apply in the same way that they apply for the purposes of paragraph   11 ‑ 15(2)(a).   (4)   Determinations made by the Commissioner under subsection   11 ‑ 30(5) apply (so far as they are capable of applying) to working out the extent to which a * partly creditable acquisition does not relate to making supplies that would be * input taxed.   (5)   This section does not apply to an input tax credit on an acquisition if the acquisition is, to any extent, a * reduced credit acquisition.   (6)   This section has effect despite sections   11 ‑ 25 and 11 ‑ 30 (which are about amounts of input tax credits). 131 ‑ 45   Input tax credits for importations that are partly creditable   (1)   The amount of the input tax credit on an importation that you make that is * partly creditable is an amount equal to the GST payable on the importation if:   (a)   an * annual apportionment election that you have made has effect at the end of the tax period to which the input tax credit is attributable; and   (b)   the importation is not an importation of a kind specified in the regulations.   (2)   However, if the importation relates to making supplies that would be * input taxed, the amount of the input tax credit on the importation is as follows: where: extent of non ‑ input ‑ taxed purpose is the extent to which the importation does not relate to making supplies that would be * input taxed, expressed as a percentage of the total purpose of the importation. full input tax credit is what would have been the amount of the input tax credit for the importation if it had been made solely for a * creditable purpose.   (3)   In determining for the purposes of subsection   (2) whether, or the extent to which, an importation relates to making supplies that would be * input taxed, subsections   15 ‑ 10(3) to (5) apply in the same way that they apply for the purposes of paragraph   15 ‑ 10(2)(a).   (4)   Determinations made by the Commissioner under subsection   15 ‑ 25(4) apply (so far as they are capable of applying) to working out the extent to which a * partly creditable importation does not relate to making supplies that would be * input taxed.   (5)   This section has effect despite sections   15 ‑ 20 and 15 ‑ 25 (which are about amounts of input tax credits). 131 ‑ 50   Amounts of input tax credits for creditable acquisitions or creditable importations of certain cars   (1)   If:   (a)   this Division applies to working out the amount of a * creditable acquisition or * creditable importation that you made; and   (b)   the acquisition or importation is an acquisition or importation of a * car; the amount of the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation under this Division must not exceed the amount (if any) of the input tax credit worked out under section   69 ‑ 10.   (2)   However, if subsection   131 ‑ 40(2) or 131 ‑ 45(2) applies to the acquisition or importation:   (a)   take into account the operation of section   69 ‑ 10 in working out the full input tax credit for the purposes of that subsection; but   (b)   disregard subsection   69 ‑ 10(3). 131 ‑ 55   Increasing adjustments relating to annually apportioned acquisitions and importations   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   an acquisition or importation that you made was * partly creditable; and   (b)   the input tax credit on the acquisition or importation is attributable to a tax period ending in a particular * financial year; and   (c)   the amount of the input tax credit is an amount worked out under this Division.   (2)   The amount of the increasing adjustment is an amount equal to the difference between:   (a)   the amount of the input tax credit worked out under this Division; and   (b)   what would have been the amount of the input tax credit if this Division did not apply.   (3)   In working out for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(a) the amount of an input tax credit, take into account any change of circumstances that has given rise to:   (a)   an adjustment for the acquisition under Division   19; or   (b)   an adjustment for the acquisition under Division   21; or   (c)   an adjustment for the acquisition under Division   134. Note:   Because of subsection   136 ‑ 10(3), the amount of the Division   21 adjustment will not be reduced under Division   136.   (4)   In working out for the purposes of paragraph   (2)(b) what would have been the amount of an input tax credit, take into account any change of circumstances that has given rise to:   (a)   an adjustment for the acquisition under Division   19 (worked out as if this Division had not applied to working out the amount of the input tax credit); or   (b)   an adjustment for the acquisition under Division   21; or   (c)   an adjustment for the acquisition under Division   134. Note:   If this Division did not apply, the amount of the Division   21 adjustment would have been worked out under Division   136. Example:   While an annual apportionment election has effect, you make a partly creditable acquisition for $1,100, for which you have an input tax credit of $100. The extent of your creditable purpose is 10%.   During later tax periods, the price increases by $110, for which you have a decreasing adjustment under Division   19 of $10, and the supplier writes off $660 as a bad debt, for which you have an increasing adjustment under Division   21 of $60 (subsection   136 ‑ 10(3) prevents the amount from being reduced under Division   136).   The amount of your increasing adjustment under this section is $45. This is the difference between the amounts under paragraphs   (2)(a) and (b).   The paragraph   (2)(a) amount (which is effectively worked out on a fully creditable basis) is:   The paragraph   (2)(b) amount (which is based on a 10% creditable purpose) is: 131 ‑ 60   Attributing adjustments under section   131 ‑ 55   (1)   An * increasing adjustment under section   131 ‑ 55 is attributable to:   (a)   the tax period worked out using the method statement; or   (b)   such earlier tax period as you choose. Method statement Step 1.   Work out the tax period (the ITC tax period ) to which the input tax credit for the acquisition or importation to which the adjustment relates is attributable. Step 2.   Work out in which year of income that tax period starts. Step 3.   If you are required under section   161 of the * ITAA 1936 to lodge a return in relation to that year of income, work out the last day of the period, specified in the instrument made under that section, for you to lodge as required under that section. Step 4.   The * increasing adjustment is attributable to the tax period in which that last day occurs. Step 5.   If step 3 does not apply, the increasing adjustment is attributable to the tax period in which occurs 31   December in the next * financial year to start after the end of the ITC tax period. Note:   Section   388 ‑ 55 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 allows the Commissioner to defer the time for giving the GST return.   (2)   Despite subsection   (1), if, during (but not from the start of) the * financial year in which the ITC tax period ended, your * annual apportionment election ceases to have effect because:   (a)   you revoke your annual apportionment election, or the Commissioner disallows your election, during that financial year; and   (b)   the revocation or disallowance takes effect before the end of that financial year; the * increasing adjustment is attributable to the tax period in which the cessation takes effect, or to such earlier tax period as you choose.   (3)   However, the * increasing adjustment is attributable to a tax period provided under section   27 ‑ 39 or 27 ‑ 40 if that tax period ends earlier than the end of the tax period to which the increasing adjustment would, but for this subsection, be attributable under subsections   (1) and (2).   (4)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 20 (which is about attributing your adjustments). Division   132 — Supplies of things acquired etc. without full input tax credits 132 ‑ 1   What this Division is about You may have a decreasing adjustment if you make a supply of something that you earlier acquired or imported, or subsequently applied, to make financial supplies or for a private or domestic purpose. 132 ‑ 5   Decreasing adjustments for supplies of things acquired, imported or applied for a purpose that is not fully creditable   (1)   You have a decreasing adjustment under this Division if:   (a)   you make a * taxable supply of a thing (or a supply of a thing that would have been a taxable supply had it not been * GST ‑ free under Subdivision   38 ‑ J); and   (b)   the supply is a supply by way of sale; and   (c)   your acquisition, importation or subsequent * application of the thing, related solely or partly to making * financial supplies, or was solely or partly of a private or domestic nature.   (2)   The amount of the * decreasing adjustment is as follows: where: adjusted input tax credit is:   (a)   the amount of any input tax credit that was attributable to a tax period in respect of the acquisition or importation; minus   (b)   the sum of:   (i)   any * increasing adjustments, under Subdivision   19 ‑ C or Division   129, that were previously attributable to a tax period in respect of the acquisition or importation; and   (ii)   any increasing adjustment under Division   131 that has been previously, is or will be attributable to a tax period in respect of the acquisition or importation; plus   (c)   the sum of any * decreasing adjustments, under Subdivision   19 ‑ C or Division   129 or 133, that were previously attributable to a tax period in respect of the acquisition or importation. full input tax credit is the amount of the input tax credit to which you would have been entitled for acquiring or importing the thing for the purpose of your * enterprise if:   (a)   the acquisition or importation had been solely for a * creditable purpose; and   (b)   in the case where the supply to you was a * taxable supply because of section   72 ‑ 5 or 84 ‑ 5—the supply had been or is a * taxable supply under section   9 ‑ 5. price is the * price of the * taxable supply.   (3)   However, if the amount worked out under subsection   (2) is greater than the difference between the full input tax credit and the adjusted input tax credit, the amount of the * decreasing adjustment is an amount equal to that difference.   (4)   In working out the adjusted input tax credit, the acquisition, importation or * application in question is treated as having been for a * creditable purpose except to the extent * that the acquisition, importation or application:   (a)   relates to the making of * financial supplies; or   (b)   is of a private or domestic nature. 132 ‑ 10   Attribution of adjustments under this Division   (1)   A * decreasing adjustment under this Division is attributable to:   (a)   the same tax period as the * taxable supply to which it relates; or   (b)   if it relates to a supply that is not a taxable supply—the tax period to which the supply would be attributable if it were a taxable supply.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 20 (which is about attributing your adjustments). Division   133 — Providing additional consideration under gross ‑ up clauses 133 ‑ 1   What this Division is about You may have a decreasing adjustment for an acquisition that you made if, to take account of a GST liability that the supplier is subsequently found to have, you provide additional consideration at a time when you can no longer claim an input tax credit. 133 ‑ 5   Decreasing adjustments for additional consideration provided under gross ‑ up clauses   (1)   You have a decreasing adjustment if:   (a)   you made an acquisition on the basis that:   (i)   it was not a * creditable acquisition because the supply to which the acquisition relates was not a * taxable supply; or   (ii)   it was * partly creditable because the supply to which the acquisition relates was only partly a taxable supply; and   (b)   you provided * additional consideration for the acquisition in compliance with a contractual obligation that required you, or had the effect of requiring you, to provide additional consideration if:   (i)   in a case where subparagraph   (a)(i) applies—the supply was later found to be a taxable supply, or to be partly a taxable supply; or   (ii)   in a case where subparagraph   (a)(ii) applies—the supply was later found to be a taxable supply to a greater extent; and   (c)   GST on the supply has not ceased to be payable (other than as a result of its payment); and   (d)   at the time you provided the additional consideration, you were no longer entitled to an input tax credit for the acquisition. Note:   Section   93 ‑ 5 or 93 ‑ 15 may provide a time limit on your entitlement to an input tax credit.   (2)   The amount of the * decreasing adjustment is the difference between:   (a)   what would have been the * previously attributed input tax credit amount for the acquisition if:   (i)   the * additional consideration for the acquisition had been provided as part of the original * consideration for the acquisition; and   (ii)   in a case where you have not held a * tax invoice for the acquisition—you held such an invoice; and   (iii)   subsection   29 ‑ 10(5) did not apply in relation to the acquisition; and   (b)   the previously attributed input tax credit amount.   (3)   To avoid doubt, additional consideration for an acquisition includes a part of the * consideration for the acquisition that:   (a)   relates to the amount of GST payable on the * taxable supply to which the acquisition relates; and   (b)   at the time of the acquisition, the parties to the transaction under which the acquisition was made assumed was not payable. 133 ‑ 10   Availability of adjustments under Division   19 for acquisitions   (1)   If:   (a)   you have a * decreasing adjustment under this Division for an acquisition; and   (b)   the circumstances that gave rise to the adjustment also constitute an * adjustment event; you do not have a decreasing adjustment under section   19 ‑ 70 for the acquisition in relation to those circumstances.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   19 ‑ 70 (which is about adjustments for acquisitions arising because of adjustment events). Division   134 — Third party payments 134 ‑ 1   What this Division is about You may have a decreasing adjustment if you make a payment to an entity that acquires something that you had supplied to another entity. The entity receiving the payment may have an increasing adjustment. 134 ‑ 5   Decreasing adjustments for payments made to third parties   (1)   You have a decreasing adjustment if:   (a)   you make a payment to an entity (the payee ) that acquires a thing that you supplied to another entity (whether or not that other entity supplies the thing to the payee); and   (b)   your supply of the thing to the other entity:   (i)   was a * taxable supply; or   (ii)   would have been a taxable supply but for a reason to which subsection   (3) applies; and   (c)   the payment is in one or more of the following forms:   (i)   a payment of * money or * digital currency;   (ii)   an offset of an amount of money or digital currency that the payee owes to you;   (iii)   a crediting of an amount of money or digital currency to an account that the payee holds; and   (d)   the payment is made in connection with, in response to or for the inducement of the payee’s acquisition of the thing; and   (e)   the payment is not * consideration for a supply to you.   (1A)   However, subsection   (1) does not apply if:   (a)   the supply of the thing to the payee is a * GST ‑ free supply, or is not * connected with the indirect tax zone; or   (b)   the Commissioner is required to make a payment to the payee, under Division   168 (about the tourist refund scheme), related to the payee’s acquisition of the thing; and you know, or have reasonable grounds to suspect, that the supply of the thing to the payee is a GST ‑ free supply or is not connected with the indirect tax zone, or that the Commissioner is so required.   (2)   The amount of the * decreasing adjustment is an amount equal to the difference between:   (a)   either:   (i)   if your supply to the other entity was a * taxable supply—the amount of GST payable on the supply; or   (ii)   if your supply to the other entity would have been a taxable supply but for a reason to which subsection   (3) applies—the amount of GST that would have been payable on the supply had it been a taxable supply;     taking into account any other * adjustments that arose, or would have arisen, relating to the supply; and   (b)   the amount of GST that would have been payable, or would (but for a reason to which subsection   (3) applies) have been payable, for that supply:   (i)   if the * consideration for the supply had been reduced by the amount of your payment to the payee; and   (ii)   taking into account any other adjustments that arose, or would have arisen, relating to the supply, as they would have been affected (if applicable) by such a reduction in the consideration.   (3)   This subsection applies to the following reasons why your supply of the thing to the other entity was not a * taxable supply:   (a)   you and the other entity are * members of the same * GST group;   (b)   you and the other entity are members of the same * GST religious group;   (c)   you are the * joint venture operator for a * GST joint venture, and the other entity is a * participant in the GST joint venture.   (4)   However:   (a)   paragraph   (3)(a) does not apply if you and the payee are * members of the same * GST group when the payment referred to in paragraph   (1)(a) is made; and   (b)   paragraph   (3)(b) does not apply if you and the payee are members of the same * GST religious group when that payment is made. 134 ‑ 10   Increasing adjustments for payments received by third parties   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you receive a payment from an entity (the payer ) that supplied a thing that you acquire from another entity (whether or not that other entity acquired the thing from the payer); and   (b)   your acquisition of the thing from the other entity:   (i)   was a * creditable acquisition; or   (ii)   would have been a creditable acquisition but for a reason to which subsection   (3) applies; and   (c)   the payment is in one or more of the following forms:   (i)   a payment of * money or * digital currency;   (ii)   an offset of an amount of money or digital currency that you owe to the payer;   (iii)   a crediting of an amount of money or digital currency to an account that you hold; and   (d)   the payment is made in connection with, in response to or for the inducement of your acquisition of the thing; and   (e)   the payment is not * consideration for a supply you make.   (1A)   However, subsection   (1) does not apply unless the supply of the thing by the payer:   (a)   was a * taxable supply; or   (b)   would have been a taxable supply but for any of the following:   (i)   the payer and the entity that acquired the thing from the payer being * members of the same * GST group;   (ii)   the payer and the entity that acquired the thing from the payer being members of the same * GST religious group;   (iii)   the payer being the * joint venture operator for a * GST joint venture, and the entity that acquired the thing from the payer being a * participant in the GST joint venture.   (2)   The amount of the * increasing adjustment is an amount equal to the difference between:   (a)   either:   (i)   if your acquisition from the other entity was a * creditable acquisition—the amount of the input tax credit entitlement for the acquisition; or   (ii)   if your acquisition from the other entity would have been a creditable acquisition but for a reason to which subsection   (3) applies—the amount that would have been the amount of the input tax credit entitlement for the acquisition had it been a creditable acquisition;     taking into account any other * adjustments that arose, or would have arisen, relating to the acquisition; and   (b)   the amount of the input tax credit to which you would have been entitled, or would (but for a reason to which subsection   (3) applies) have been entitled, for that acquisition:   (i)   if the * consideration for the acquisition had been reduced by the amount of the payer’s payment to you; and   (ii)   taking into account any other adjustments that arose, or would have arisen, relating to the acquisition, as they would have been affected (if applicable) by such a reduction in the consideration.   (3)   This subsection applies to the following reasons why your acquisition of the thing from the other entity was not a * creditable acquisition:   (a)   you and the other entity are * members of the same * GST group;   (b)   you and the other entity are members of the same * GST religious group;   (c)   you are the * joint venture operator for a * GST joint venture, and the other entity is a * participant in the GST joint venture.   (4)   However:   (a)   paragraph   (3)(a) does not apply if you and the payer are * members of the same * GST group when the payment referred to in paragraph   (1)(a) is made; and   (b)   paragraph   (3)(b) does not apply if you and the payer are members of the same * GST religious group when that payment is made. 134 ‑ 15   Attribution of decreasing adjustments   (1)   If:   (a)   you have a * decreasing adjustment under section   134 ‑ 5; and   (b)   you do not hold a * third party adjustment note for the adjustment when you give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period to which the adjustment (or any part of the adjustment) would otherwise be attributable; then:   (c)   the adjustment (including any part of the adjustment) is not attributable to that tax period; and   (d)   the adjustment (or part) is attributable to the first tax period for which you give to the Commissioner a GST return at a time when you hold that third party adjustment note. However, this subsection does not apply in circumstances of a kind determined by the Commissioner, by legislative instrument, to be circumstances in which the requirement for an adjustment note does not apply. Note:   For the giving of GST returns to the Commissioner, see Division   31.   (2)   This section does not apply to a * decreasing adjustment of an amount that does not exceed the amount provided for under subsection   29 ‑ 80(2).   (3)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 20 (which is about attributing adjustments). 134 ‑ 20   Third party adjustment notes   (1)   A third party adjustment note for a * decreasing adjustment that you have under section   134 ‑ 5 is a document:   (a)   that is created by you; and   (b)   a copy of which is given, in the circumstances set out in subsection   (2), to the entity that received the payment that gave rise to the adjustment; and   (c)   that sets out your * ABN; and   (d)   that contains such other information as the Commissioner determines in writing; and   (e)   that is in the * approved form. However, the Commissioner may treat as a third party adjustment note a particular document that is not a third party adjustment note.   (2)   You must give the copy of the document to the entity that received the payment:   (a)   within 28 days after the entity requests you to give the copy; or   (b)   if you become aware of the * adjustment before the copy is requested—within 28 days, or such other number of days as the Commissioner determines under subsection   (4) or (6), after becoming aware of the adjustment.   (3)   Subsection   (2) does not apply to an * adjustment of an amount that does not exceed the amount provided for under subsection   29 ‑ 80(2).   (4)   The Commissioner may determine in writing that paragraph   (2)(b) has effect, in relation to a particular document, as if the number of days referred to in that paragraph is the number of days specified in the determination.   (5)   A determination made under subsection   (4) is not a legislative instrument.   (6)   The Commissioner may determine, by legislative instrument, circumstances in which paragraph   (2)(b) has effect, in relation to those circumstances, as if the number of days referred to in that paragraph is the number of days specified in the determination.   (7)   A determination made under subsection   (4) has effect despite any determination made under subsection   (6). 134 ‑ 25   Adjustment events do not arise     To avoid doubt, a payment that gives rise to an * adjustment under this Division cannot give rise to an * adjustment event. 134 ‑ 30   Application of sections   48 ‑ 55 and 49 ‑ 50   (1)   For the purposes of working out whether you have an adjustment under this Division, disregard sections   48 ‑ 55 and 49 ‑ 50.   (2)   However, this section does not affect the application of sections   48 ‑ 55 and 49 ‑ 50 for the purposes of working out the amount of an adjustment under this Division. Note:   Sections   48 ‑ 55 and 49 ‑ 50 require GST groups and GST religious groups to be treated as single entities for the purposes of adjustments. Division   135 — Supplies of going concerns 135 ‑ 1   What this Division is about The recipient of a supply of a going concern has an increasing adjustment to take into account the proportion (if any) of supplies that will be made in running the concern and that will not be taxable supplies or GST ‑ free supplies. Later adjustments are needed if this proportion changes over time. 135 ‑ 5   Initial adjustments for supplies of going concerns   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you are the * recipient of a * supply of a going concern, or a supply that is * GST ‑ free under section   38 ‑ 480; and   (b)   you intend that some or all of the supplies made through the * enterprise to which the supply relates will be supplies that are neither * taxable supplies nor * GST ‑ free supplies.   (2)   The amount of the increasing adjustment is as follows: where: proportion of non ‑ creditable use is the proportion of all the supplies made through the * enterprise that you intend will be supplies that are neither * taxable supplies nor * GST ‑ free supplies, expressed as a percentage worked out on the basis of the * prices of those supplies. supply price means the * price of the supply in relation to which the increasing adjustment arises. 135 ‑ 10   Later adjustments for supplies of going concerns   (1)   If you are the * recipient of a * supply of a going concern, or a supply that is * GST ‑ free under section   38 ‑ 480, Division   129 (which is about changes in the extent of creditable purpose) applies to that acquisition, in relation to:   (a)   the proportion of all the supplies made through the * enterprise that you intend will be supplies that are neither * taxable supplies nor * GST ‑ free supplies; and   (b)   the proportion of all the supplies made through the * enterprise that are supplies that are neither taxable supplies nor GST ‑ free supplies; in the same way as that Division applies:   (c)   in relation to the extent to which you made an acquisition for a * creditable purpose; and   (d)   in relation to the extent to which a thing acquired is * applied for a creditable purpose.   (2)   For the purpose of applying Division   129, the proportions referred to in paragraphs   (1)(a) and (b) are to be expressed as percentages worked out on the basis of the * prices of the supplies in question.   (3)   This section applies in relation to any * supply of a going concern, or a supply that is * GST ‑ free under section   38 ‑ 480, whether or not it is a supply in respect of which you have had an * increasing adjustment under section   135 ‑ 5. Division   136 — Bad debts relating to transactions that are not taxable or creditable to the fullest extent Table of Subdivisions 136 ‑ A   Bad debts relating to partly taxable or creditable transactions 136 ‑ B   Bad debts relating to transactions that are taxable or creditable at less than 1 / 11 of the price 136 ‑ 1   What this Division is about The amount of an adjustment that you have under Division   21 for a bad debt is reduced under this Division if the transaction to which the adjustment relates: •   was a supply that was partly taxable or an acquisition that was partly creditable; or •   was fully taxable or creditable, but not to the extent of 1 / 11 of the price or consideration for the transaction. Subdivision   136 ‑ A — Bad debts relating to partly taxable or creditable transactions 136 ‑ 5   Adjustments relating to partly taxable supplies     If you have an * adjustment under section   21 ‑ 5, 21 ‑ 10, 136 ‑ 30 or 136 ‑ 35 in relation to a supply that was partly a * taxable supply, the amount of that adjustment is reduced to the following amount: where: full adjustment is what would be the amount of the adjustment worked out under section   21 ‑ 5, 21 ‑ 10, 136 ‑ 30 or 136 ‑ 35 if this section did not apply. taxable proportion is the proportion of the * value of the supply (worked out as if it were solely a taxable supply) that the taxable supply represents. Example:   If the amount of an adjustment under section   21 ‑ 5 would be $100 but the supply was only 80% taxable, the amount of the adjustment is $80. 136 ‑ 10   Adjustments in relation to partly creditable acquisitions   (1)   If you have an * adjustment under section   21 ‑ 15, 21 ‑ 20, 136 ‑ 40 or 136 ‑ 45 in relation to a * creditable acquisition that was * partly creditable, the amount of that adjustment is reduced to the following amount: where: extent of consideration is the extent to which you provide, or are liable to provide, the * consideration for the acquisition, expressed as a percentage of the total consideration for the acquisition. extent of creditable purpose is the extent of * creditable purpose last used to work out:   (a)   the amount of the input tax credit for the acquisition; or   (b)   the amount of any * adjustment under Division   129 in relation to the acquisition; expressed as a percentage of the total purpose of the acquisition. full adjustment is what would be the amount of the adjustment worked out under section   21 ‑ 15, 21 ‑ 20, 136 ‑ 40 or 136 ‑ 45 if this section did not apply.   (2)   If you have an * adjustment under section   21 ‑ 15, 21 ‑ 20, 136 ‑ 40 or 136 ‑ 45 in relation to a * creditable acquisition that was a * reduced credit acquisition and that was not * partly creditable (that is, it is wholly for a * creditable purpose because of Division   70), the amount of that adjustment is reduced to the following amount: where: extent of consideration is the extent to which you provide, or are liable to provide, the * consideration for the acquisition, expressed as a percentage of the total consideration for the acquisition. percentage credit reduction is the reduced input tax credit percentage prescribed for the purposes of subsection   70 ‑ 5(2) for an acquisition of that kind. full adjustment is what would be the amount of the adjustment worked out under section   21 ‑ 15, 21 ‑ 20, 136 ‑ 40 or 136 ‑ 45 if this section did not apply.   (3)   However, this section does not apply to an * adjustment that you have in relation to a * creditable acquisition if:   (a)   the amount of the input tax credit for the acquisition is worked out under Division   131; and   (b)   the adjustment is attributable to a tax period that is not later than the tax period to which an adjustment under section   131 ‑ 55 relating to the acquisition is attributable. Subdivision   136 ‑ B — Bad debts relating to transactions that are taxable or creditable at less than 1/11 of the price 136 ‑ 30   Writing off bad debts (taxable supplies)   (1)   The amount of a * decreasing adjustment that you have under section   21 ‑ 5, relating to a * taxable supply that is * taxable at less than 1 / 11 of the price, is worked out under this section and not under section   21 ‑ 5.   (2)   This is how to work out the amount: Method statement Step 1.   Work out the amount of GST (if any) that was payable on the supply, taking into account any previous * adjustments for the supply. This amount is the previous GST amount . Step 2.   Add together:   (a)   the amount or amounts written off as bad from the debt to which the decreasing adjustment relates; and   (b)   the amount of the debt that has been * overdue for 12 months or more (other than amounts already written off). Step 3.   Subtract the step 2 amount from the * price of the supply. Step 4.   Work out the amount of GST (if any), taking into account any previous * adjustments for the supply (but not adjustments relating to bad debts or debts overdue), that would be payable on the supply if the * price of the supply were the step 3 amount. This amount of GST is the adjusted GST amount . Step 5.   Subtract the adjusted GST amount from the previous GST amount. 136 ‑ 35   Recovering amounts previously written off (taxable supplies)   (1)   The amount of an * increasing adjustment that you have under section   21 ‑ 10, relating to a * taxable supply that is * taxable at less than 1 / 11 of the price, is worked out under this section and not under section   21 ‑ 10.   (2)   This is how to work out the amount: Method statement Step 1.   Work out the amount of GST (if any) that was payable on the supply, taking into account any previous * adjustments for the supply. This amount is the previous GST amount . Step 2.   Add together:   (a)   the amount or amounts previously written off as bad from the debt to which the increasing adjustment relates; and   (b)   the amount of the debt that has been * overdue for 12 months or more (other than amounts already written off). Step 3.   Subtract the step 2 amount from the * price of the supply. Step 4.   Add to the step 3 amount an amount equal to the amount or amounts, written off or overdue for 12 months or more, that have been recovered. Step 5.   Work out the amount of GST (if any), taking into account any previous * adjustments for the supply (but not adjustments relating to bad debts or debts overdue), that would be payable on the supply if the * price of the supply were the step 4 amount. This amount of GST is the adjusted GST amount . Step 6.   Subtract the previous GST amount from the adjusted GST amount. 136 ‑ 40   Bad debts written off (creditable acquisitions)   (1)   The amount of an * increasing adjustment that you have under section   21 ‑ 15, relating to a * creditable acquisition that is * creditable at less than 1 / 11 of the consideration, is worked out under this section and not under section   21 ‑ 15.   (2)   This is how to work out the amount: Method statement Step 1.   Work out the amount of the input tax credit (if any) to which you were entitled for the acquisition, taking into account any previous * adjustments for the acquisition. This amount is the previous credit amount . Step 2.   Add together:   (a)   the amount or amounts previously written off as bad from the debt to which the increasing adjustment relates; and   (b)   the amount of the debt that has been * overdue for 12 months or more (other than amounts already written off). Step 3.   Subtract the step 2 amount from the total amount of the * consideration that you have either provided, or are liable to provide, for the acquisition. Step 4.   Work out the amount of the input tax credit (if any), taking into account any previous * adjustments for the acquisition (but not adjustments relating to bad debts or debts overdue), to which you would be entitled for the acquisition if the * consideration for the acquisition were the step 3 amount. This amount of GST is the adjusted credit amount . Step 5.   Subtract the adjusted credit amount from the previous credit amount. 136 ‑ 45   Recovering amounts previously written off (creditable acquisitions)   (1)   The amount of a * decreasing adjustment that you have under section   21 ‑ 20, relating to a * creditable acquisition that is * creditable at less than 1 / 11 of the consideration, is worked out under this section and not under section   21 ‑ 20.   (2)   This is how to work out the amount: Method statement Step 1.   Work out the amount of the input tax credit (if any) to which you were entitled for the acquisition, taking into account any previous * adjustments for the acquisition. This amount is the previous credit amount . Step 2.   Add together:   (a)   the amount or amounts previously written off as bad from the debt to which the decreasing adjustment relates; and   (b)   the amount of the debt that has been * overdue for 12 months or more (other than amounts already written off). Step 3.   Subtract the step 2 amount from the total amount of the * consideration that you have either provided, or are liable to provide, for the acquisition. Step 4.   Add to the step 3 amount an amount equal to the amount or amounts, written off or overdue for 12 months or more, that you have paid. Step 5.   Work out the amount of the input tax credit (if any), taking into account any previous * adjustments for the acquisition (but not adjustments relating to bad debts or debts overdue), to which you would be entitled for the acquisition if the * consideration for the acquisition were the step 4 amount. This amount of GST is the adjusted credit amount . Step 6.   Subtract the previous credit amount from the adjusted credit amount. 136 ‑ 50   Meanings of taxable at less than 1 / 11 of the price and creditable at less than 1 / 11 of the consideration   (1)   A * taxable supply is taxable at less than 1 / 11 of the price if the amount of GST payable on the supply is an amount that is less than 1 / 11 of the * price of the supply.   (2)   A * creditable acquisition is creditable at less than 1 / 11 of the consideration if the * taxable supply to which it relates is * taxable at less than 1 / 11 of the price. Division   137 — Stock on hand on becoming registered etc. 137 ‑ 1   What this Division is about If you become registered or required to be registered, you may have a decreasing adjustment for stock you have already acquired. 137 ‑ 5   Adjustments for stock on hand on becoming registered etc.   (1)   You have a decreasing adjustment if:   (a)   you become * registered or * required to be registered; and   (b)   at that time, you hold stock for the purpose of sale or exchange, or for use as raw materials, in * carrying on your * enterprise; and   (c)   you had acquired the stock solely or partly for a * creditable purpose.   (2)   However, this section does not apply if:   (a)   you were entitled to an input tax credit for the acquisition; and   (b)   you have not had a * increasing adjustment under Division   138 (cessation of registration) relating solely or partly to the stock.   (3)   The amount of the decreasing adjustment is an amount equal to what would have been the * previously attributed input tax credit amount for the acquisition if you had been * registered at the time of the acquisition. Division   138 — Cessation of registration 138 ‑ 1   What this Division is about An entity whose registration has been cancelled may still have acquisitions and importations for which entitlements to input tax credits have arisen. This Division provides for an increasing adjustment to cancel those input tax credits. 138 ‑ 5   Adjustments for cessation of registration   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   your * registration is cancelled; and   (b)   immediately before the cancellation takes effect, your assets include anything in respect of which you were, or are, entitled to an input tax credit. Note:   Increasing adjustments increase your net amounts.   (2)   The amount of the adjustment, for each thing referred to in paragraph   (1)(b), is as follows: where: applicable value is:   (a)   the * GST inclusive market value of the thing immediately before the cancellation takes effect; or   (b)   if you were, or are, entitled to an input tax credit for acquiring the thing—the amount of the * consideration that you provided, or were liable to provide, for your acquisition of the thing, but only if the amount is less than that value; or   (c)   if you were, or are, entitled to an input tax credit for importing the thing—the cost to you of acquiring or producing the thing (plus the * assessed GST paid on its importation), but only if the amount is less than that value.   (3)   However, an * adjustment does not arise under this section in respect of an asset if:   (a)   there were one or more * adjustment periods for your acquisition or importation of the asset; and   (b)   the last of those adjustment periods has ended before the cancellation of your * registration takes effect. 138 ‑ 10   Attributing adjustments for cessation of registration   (1)   An * adjustment that you have under this Division is attributable to:   (aa)   if you are an * incapacitated entity—your tax period under section   27 ‑ 39; or   (a)   your concluding tax period under section   27 ‑ 40; or   (b)   if, because of subsection   151 ‑ 55(1) or 162 ‑ 85(1), you do not have a concluding tax period under section   27 ‑ 40—the tax period to which that subsection applies.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 20 (which is about attributing your adjustments). 138 ‑ 15   Ceasing to be registered—amounts not previously attributed   (1)   The GST payable by you on a * taxable supply, the input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition, or an * adjustment that you have, is attributable to a particular tax period, and no other, if:   (a)   during the tax period, your * registration is cancelled; and   (b)   immediately before the cancellation, you were * accounting on a cash basis; and   (c)   the GST on the supply, the input tax credit on the acquisition, or the adjustment, was not attributable, to any extent, to a previous tax period during which you accounted on a cash basis; and   (d)   it would have been attributable to that previous tax period had you not accounted on a cash basis during that period. For accounting on a cash basis, see Subdivision   29 ‑ B.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 5, 29 ‑ 10 and 29 ‑ 20 (which are about attributing GST on supplies, input tax credits on acquisitions, and adjustments) and any other provisions of this Chapter. 138 ‑ 17   Situations to which this Division does not apply   (1)   This Division does not apply to anything included in the assets of an entity whose * registration is cancelled, to the extent that the thing relates to an * enterprise that the entity * carried on before the cancellation, if:   (a)   the cancellation arises as a result of the death of the entity, and the executor or trustee of the deceased estate:   (i)   is registered or is * required to be registered; and   (ii)   continues, immediately after the cancellation, to carry on that enterprise; or   (b)   the cancellation arises as a result of the executor or trustee of a deceased estate ceasing to carry on any enterprise, and one or more beneficiaries of the deceased estate:   (i)   are registered or is * required to be registered; and   (ii)   continue, immediately after the cancellation, to carry on the enterprise that the deceased had carried on.   (2)   Division   129 (which is about changes in the extent of creditable purpose) continues to apply to the acquisition or importation of the thing immediately after the cancellation if:   (a)   Subdivision   129 ‑ A does not prevent an adjustment arising under that Division for the acquisition or importation; and   (b)   the cancellation occurs during an * adjustment period for the acquisition or importation.   (3)   For the purposes of applying Division   129 to the acquisition or importation after the cancellation:   (a)   the entity * carrying on the * enterprise in question immediately after the cancellation is taken to have made the acquisition or importation at the time it was originally made; and   (b)   the extent (if any) to which the thing was originally acquired or imported for a * creditable purpose is taken to be the extent (if any) to which the entity acquired or imported the thing for a creditable purpose; and   (c)   any * application of the thing since the original acquisition or importation is taken to be an application of the thing by the entity. 138 ‑ 20   Application of Division   129     This Division (except subsections   138 ‑ 17(2) and (3)) does not affect the operation of Division   129 (which is about changes in the extent of creditable purpose). Division   139 — Distributions from deceased estates   139 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Distributions from deceased estates, for private consumption, that are not taxable supplies may involve disposing of assets that were acquired or imported in circumstances giving rise to entitlements to input tax credits. This Division provides for an increasing adjustment to cancel those input tax credits. 139 ‑ 5   Adjustments for distributions from deceased estates   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you are the executor or trustee of a deceased estate; and   (b)   you are * registered or * required to be registered; and   (c)   you supply an asset of the deceased estate to a beneficiary of the deceased estate; and   (d)   the supply is not a * taxable supply and is not a supply that is * GST ‑ free or * input taxed; and   (e)   you were, or are, or the deceased person was, entitled to an input tax credit for the deceased person’s acquisition or importation of the asset. Note:   Increasing adjustments increase your net amounts.   (2)   The amount of the adjustment, for the asset, is as follows: where: applicable value is:   (a)   the * GST inclusive market value of the asset immediately before it is supplied; or   (b)   if you were, or are, or the deceased person was, entitled to an input tax credit for the deceased person acquiring the thing—the amount of the * consideration that you or the deceased person provided, or was liable to provide, for the acquisition of the thing, but only if the amount is less than that value; or   (c)   if you were, or are, or the deceased person was, entitled to an input tax credit for the deceased person importing the thing—the cost to you or the deceased person of acquiring or producing the thing (plus the * assessed GST paid on its importation), but only if the amount is less than that value.   (3)   However, an * adjustment does not arise under this section in respect of the asset if:   (a)   the asset related to an * enterprise that the deceased person * carried on, and the beneficiary intends to continue to carry on that enterprise; or   (b)   there were one or more * adjustment periods for the deceased person’s acquisition or importation of the asset, and the last of those adjustment periods has ended before the cancellation of your * registration takes effect. 139 ‑ 10   Attributing adjustments for distributions from deceased estates   (1)   An * adjustment that you have under this Division is attributable to the tax period in which it arises.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 20 (which is about attributing your adjustments). 139 ‑ 15   Application of Division   129     This Division does not affect the operation of Division   129 (which is about changes in the extent of creditable purpose). Division   141 — Tradex scheme goods 141 ‑ 1   What this Division is about The holder of a tradex order has an increasing adjustment if goods relating to that order are dealt with contrary to the Tradex Scheme. Note:   GST would not have been payable on importation of the goods under the Tradex Scheme: see section   42 ‑ 5. 141 ‑ 5   Adjustments for applying goods contrary to the Tradex Scheme   (1)   You have an increasing adjustment if:   (a)   you import * tradex scheme goods; and   (b)   you are the holder (within the meaning of the Tradex Scheme Act 1999 ) of the * tradex order relating to the goods; and   (c)   the importation would have been a * taxable importation if the goods had not been covered by item   21A of Schedule   4 to the Customs Tariff Act 1995 at the time of their entry for home consumption under the Customs Act 1901 ; and   (d)   any of the circumstances referred to in subsection   21(1) of that Act occur in respect of any of the goods. However, the increasing adjustment only arises in relation to the first occurrence of such a circumstance following an importation of the goods.   (2)   The amount of the * increasing adjustment is the difference between:   (a)   the amount of GST that would have been payable on the importation if the importation had been a * taxable importation; and   (b)   the amount (if any) of the input tax credit to which you would have been entitled for the importation if the importation had been a taxable importation. 141 ‑ 10   Meaning of tradex scheme goods etc.   (1)   Tradex scheme goods are imported goods that:   (a)   are nominated goods (within the meaning of the Tradex Scheme Act 1999 ) in relation to a * tradex order; and   (b)   were covered by item   21A in Schedule   4 to the Customs Tariff Act 1995 at the time of their entry for home consumption under the Customs Act 1901 .   (2)   Tradex order has the meaning given by section   4 of the Tradex Scheme Act 1999 . 141 ‑ 15   Attribution of adjustments under this Division   (1)   An adjustment under this Division is attributable to the tax period in which the adjustment arises.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 20 (which is about attributing your adjustments). 141 ‑ 20   Application of Division   129     This Division does not affect the operation of Division   129 (which is about changes in the extent of creditable purpose). Division   142 — Excess GST Table of Subdivisions 142 ‑ A   Excess GST unrelated to adjustments 142 ‑ B   GST related to cancelled supplies 142 ‑ C   Passed ‑ on GST 142 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Excess GST is not to be refunded if this would give an entity a windfall gain . Note:   Refunding excess GST to a supplier will give it a windfall gain if it has already passed on the excess GST in the price of the supply (and not reimbursed the recipient). Subdivision   142 ‑ A — Excess GST unrelated to adjustments 142 ‑ 5   When this Subdivision applies   (1)   This Subdivision applies if, after disregarding any amounts covered by subsection   (2), your * assessed net amount for a tax period takes into account an amount of GST exceeding that which is payable. Note:   This Subdivision applies whether or not you have paid, or been refunded, the assessed net amount. Example:   Sunny Co mistakenly reports a negative net amount of $4,000 made up of GST of $10,000 less input tax credits of $14,000. In fact, Sunny Co’s GST should have been $8,000 making its negative net amount $6,000. Sunny Co has excess GST of $2,000.   (2)   Disregard the following amounts:   (a)   an amount of GST that was correctly payable and attributable to the tax period, but which later becomes the subject of a * decreasing adjustment;   (b)   an amount of GST that is payable, but is correctly attributable to a different tax period;   (c)   an amount of GST to which section   142 ‑ 16 (about low value goods) applies. 142 ‑ 10   Refunding the excess GST     For the purposes of each * taxation law, so much of the excess from subsection   142 ‑ 5(1) (the excess GST ) as you have * passed on to another entity is taken to have always been:   (a)   payable; and   (b)   on a * taxable supply; until you reimburse the other entity for the passed ‑ on GST. Note 1:   If you reimburse the passed ‑ on GST so that this section ceases to apply there will be an adjustment event under paragraph   19 ‑ 10(1)(b) or (c). You will have a decreasing adjustment (see section   19 ‑ 55) and the other entity may have an increasing adjustment (see section   19 ‑ 80). Note 2:   Any excess GST you have not passed on will be refunded as described in section   155 ‑ 75 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . Note 3:   While this section applies, paragraph   11 ‑ 5(b) (about taxable supplies) is satisfied for the corresponding acquisition by the other entity. 142 ‑ 15   When section   142 ‑ 10 does not apply Commissioner satisfied it is inappropriate for that section to apply   (1)   Treat section   142 ‑ 10 as never having applied to the extent that the Commissioner is satisfied that:   (a)   applying that section would be inconsistent with the principle that excess GST is not to be refunded if this would give an entity a windfall gain; and   (b)   you have requested a decision under this subsection in the * approved form. Note:   Refusing to make the requested decision is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (2)   The Commissioner must notify you in writing of any decision relating to you made under subsection   (1). If there never was a supply   (3)   Treat section   142 ‑ 10 as never having applied to the extent that:   (a)   you treated the excess GST as payable on a supply, but in fact there never was a supply; and   (b)   you reimburse the other entity for the * passed ‑ on GST. Note:   If you reimburse the passed ‑ on GST, you will be refunded an equivalent amount as described in section   155 ‑ 75 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . So far as it relates to your creditable acquisitions   (4)   Section   142 ‑ 10 does not apply for the purposes of applying subsection   11 ‑ 15(2) (about creditable purpose) to you. If the recipient knows you have not paid the excess GST   (5)   Section   142 ‑ 10 does not apply for the purposes of applying a * taxation law to the other entity if, and while, that other entity knows, or could reasonably be expected to have known, that you have not paid the excess GST to the Commissioner. Note:   Section   142 ‑ 10 still applies for the purposes of applying taxation laws to you. 142 ‑ 16   No refund of excess GST relating to supplies treated as non ‑ taxable importations   (1)   This section applies to an amount of GST on a supply (the low value goods GST ) that is taken into account in your * assessed net amount for a tax period if:   (a)   you incorrectly treated the low value goods GST as payable on a supply of goods; and   (b)   an importation of the goods was a * taxable importation, but was incorrectly treated as being a * non ‑ taxable importation under section   42 ‑ 15; and   (c)   the * recipient of the supply is a * consumer of the supply.   (2)   For the purposes of each * taxation law, the low value goods GST is taken to have always been payable on a * taxable supply until:   (a)   to the extent (if any) that you have * passed on the GST to another entity—you reimburse the other entity for the passed on GST; and   (b)   an entity provides to you a declaration or information that indicates that GST has been paid on the * taxable importation. Subdivision   142 ‑ B — GST related to cancelled supplies 142 ‑ 20   Refunding GST relating to cancelled supplies   (1)   This section applies if:   (a)   your * assessed net amount for a tax period takes into account an amount of GST on a supply; and   (b)   you have a * decreasing adjustment attributable to a later tax period as a result of the cancellation of the supply.   (2)   Reduce:   (a)   your * decreasing adjustment; and   (b)   if the * recipient of the supply has a corresponding * increasing adjustment—the recipient’s increasing adjustment; to the extent that you have * passed on that GST to the recipient, but not reimbursed the recipient for the passed ‑ on GST.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   19 ‑ 55 (about decreasing adjustments for supplies) and 19 ‑ 80 (about increasing adjustments for acquisitions). Subdivision   142 ‑ C — Passed ‑ on GST 142 ‑ 25   Working out if GST has been passed on   (1)   Some or all of an amount of GST may have been passed on to another entity even if:   (a)   a * tax invoice is not issued to or by that other entity; or   (b)   a tax invoice issued to or by that other entity relates to that GST, but does not contain enough information to enable that GST to be clearly ascertained.   (2)   If:   (a)   you issue a * tax invoice or a notice under section   84 ‑ 89 to another entity, or another entity issues a * recipient created tax invoice to you; and   (b)   the invoice or notice contains enough information to enable some or all of an amount of GST to be clearly ascertained; and   (c)   in a case where you must pay the * assessed net amount for a tax period to which the invoice or notice relates—you have paid that assessed net amount to the Commissioner; the invoice or notice is prima facie evidence of that part of that GST having * passed on to that other entity. Part   4 ‑ 5 — Special rules mainly about registration Note:   The special rules in this Part mainly modify the operation of Part   2 ‑ 5, but they may affect other Parts of Chapter   2 in minor ways. Division   144 — Taxis 144 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Taxi operators are required to be registered, regardless of turnover. 144 ‑ 5   Requirement to register   (1)   You are required to be registered if, in * carrying on your enterprise, you supply * taxi travel.   (2)   It does not matter whether:   (a)   your * GST turnover meets the * registration turnover threshold; or   (b)   in * carrying on your enterprise, you make other supplies besides supplies of * taxi travel.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   23 ‑ 5 (which is about who is required to be registered). Division   146 — Limited registration entities 146 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Non ‑ residents may elect to be limited registration entities. Limited registration entities are not entitled to input tax credits for acquisitions and importations, and must have quarterly tax periods. Note:   The Commissioner may approve simpler approved forms for limited registration entities: see subsection   388 ‑ 50(3) in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . 146 ‑ 5   Limited registration entities   (1)   You are a limited registration entity for a tax period applying to you if an election under subsection   (2) is in effect for you during the period. Electing to be a limited registration entity   (2)   You may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, make an election under this subsection if you are a * non ‑ resident who:   (a)   makes, or intends to make, one or more supplies that are:   (i)   * inbound intangible consumer supplies; or   (ii)   * offshore supplies of low value goods that were, or would be, * connected with the indirect tax zone, solely because of Subdivision   84 ‑ C; or   (b)   is, or intends to become, a * redeliverer of * offshore supplies of low value goods. When an election is in effect   (3)   The election:   (a)   takes effect from the start of the tax period you nominate in the election; and   (b)   if your * registration is cancelled and the date of effect of the cancellation occurs after the start of that tax period—ceases to have effect on the date of effect of the cancellation; and   (c)   if paragraph   (b) does not apply and, under subsection   (5), you revoke the election—ceases to have effect at the start of your first tax period to start after the revocation.   (4)   However, the election never takes effect if your * registration is cancelled and the date of effect of the cancellation occurs on or before the start of the tax period you nominate in the election. Revoking an election   (5)   You may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, revoke an election under subsection   (2).   (6)   However, subsection   (5) does not apply if you have been notified that the Commissioner has decided to cancel your * registration (whether or not the cancellation has already taken effect). 146 ‑ 10   Limited registration entities cannot make creditable acquisitions   (1)   An acquisition made by a * limited registration entity is not a * creditable acquisition if an election under subsection   146 ‑ 5(2) is in effect for the entity when the acquisition is made.   (2)   However, subsection   (1) does not apply, and is taken never to have applied, to the acquisition if you revoke the election under subsection   146 ‑ 5(5) during:   (a)   the * financial year in which the acquisition is made; or   (b)   the next financial year.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable acquisition). 146 ‑ 15   Limited registration entities cannot make creditable importations   (1)   An importation made by a * limited registration entity is not a * creditable importation if an election under subsection   146 ‑ 5(2) is in effect for the entity when the importation is made.   (2)   However, subsection   (1) does not apply, and is taken never to have applied, to the importation if you revoke the election under subsection   146 ‑ 5(5) during:   (a)   the * financial year in which the importation is made; or   (b)   the next financial year.   (3)   This section has effect despite section   15 ‑ 5 (which is about what is a creditable importation). 146 ‑ 20   Entries in the Australian Business Register   (1)   Subsection   25 ‑ 10(2) does not apply if:   (a)   you become * registered; and   (b)   on the date your registration takes or took effect, you are a * limited registration entity. Note:   Under subsection   25 ‑ 10(2), the Australian Business Registrar would otherwise be required to enter that date in the Australian Business Register.   (2)   However, if:   (a)   you cease to be a * limited registration entity at a time when you are * registered; and   (b)   because of subsection   (1) of this section, subsection   25 ‑ 10(2) did not apply to your registration; subsection   25 ‑ 10(2) is taken to apply from the time you cease to be a limited registration entity.   (3)   Subsection   25 ‑ 60(2) does not apply if:   (a)   your * registration is cancelled; and   (b)   because of subsection   (1) of this section, the date on which your registration took effect was not entered in the * Australian Business Register; and   (c)   immediately before the cancellation took effect, you were a * limited registration entity. Note:   Under subsection   25 ‑ 60(2), the Australian Business Registrar would otherwise be required to enter that date in the Australian Business Register. 146 ‑ 25   Limited registration entities have only quarterly tax periods   (1)   If you are a * limited registration entity, you cannot make an election under section   27 ‑ 10, and the Commissioner cannot determine your tax periods under section   27 ‑ 15 or 27 ‑ 37. Note:   Sections   27 ‑ 10 and 27 ‑ 15 provide for each individual month to be a tax period. Section   27 ‑ 37 provides for 12 complete tax periods in each year.   (2)   An election by you under section   27 ‑ 10 or a determination under section   27 ‑ 15 or 27 ‑ 37 in relation to you is taken not to be in force at any time during which you are a * limited registration entity.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   27 ‑ 10, 27 ‑ 15 and 27 ‑ 37 (which are about one month tax periods). Division   149 — Government entities 149 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Parts of the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory may register even if they are not separate legal entities. Once registered, they may become liable for GST and entitled to input tax credits. Government entities may also form GST groups. 149 ‑ 5   Government entities may register   (1)   A * government entity may apply to be * registered under section   23 ‑ 10 even if:   (a)   it is not an entity; and   (b)   it is not * carrying on an * enterprise or is not intending to carry on an enterprise.   (2)   For the purposes of subsections   25 ‑ 5(1) and (3), the Commissioner is to treat the government entity as an entity.   (3)   The Commissioner must * register the government entity whether or not the Commissioner is satisfied that it is * carrying on an * enterprise or intending to carry on an enterprise.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   23 ‑ 10 (which is about who may be registered) and modifies the effect of section   25 ‑ 5 (which is about when the Commissioner must register an entity). 149 ‑ 10   Government entities are not required to be registered   (1)   A * government entity is not * required to be registered even if:   (a)   it is * carrying on an * enterprise; and   (b)   its * GST turnover meets the * registration turnover threshold.   (2)   This subsection has effect despite section   23 ‑ 5. 149 ‑ 15   GST law applies to registered government entities     For the purposes of the * GST law, a * government entity that is * registered is treated, while its registration has effect, as if it were an entity carrying on an * enterprise. 149 ‑ 20   Government entities not required to cancel their registration     Section   25 ‑ 50 and subsection   25 ‑ 55(2) (which are about cancelling registration) do not apply to * government entities. 149 ‑ 25   Membership requirements of a government GST group     A * government related entity satisfies the membership requirements for a * GST group, or a proposed GST group, of government related entities if:   (a)   it is * registered; and   (b)   it is not a * member of any other GST group; and   (c)   it has the same tax periods applying to it as the tax periods applying to all the other members of the GST group or proposed GST group; and   (d)   it accounts on the same basis as all those other members; and   (e)   all those other members are government related entities. Note:   Some government related entities can still use section   48 ‑ 10 to satisfy the membership requirements of GST groups. Part   4 ‑ 6 — Special rules mainly about tax periods Note:   The special rules in this Part mainly modify the operation of Part   2 ‑ 6, but they may affect other Parts of Chapter   2 in minor ways. Division   151 — Annual tax periods Table of Subdivisions 151 ‑ A   Electing to have annual tax periods 151 ‑ B   Consequences of electing to have annual tax periods 151 ‑ 1   What this Division is about In some cases, you may elect to have annual tax periods. You will then lodge GST returns, and pay amounts of GST or receive refunds of GST, on an annual basis (which better matches your obligation to lodge an income tax return). Subdivision   151 ‑ A — Electing to have annual tax periods 151 ‑ 5   Eligibility to make an annual tax period election   (1)   You are eligible to make an * annual tax period election if:   (a)   you are not * required to be registered; and   (b)   you have not made any election under section   162 ‑ 15 to pay GST by instalments (other than such an election that is no longer in effect).   (2)   However, you are not eligible to make an * annual tax period election if the only reason you are not * required to be registered is because you disregarded supplies under paragraph   188 ‑ 15(3)(b) or 188 ‑ 20(3)(b) (which are about supplies of rights or options offshore). 151 ‑ 10   Making an annual tax period election   (1)   You may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, make an * annual tax period election if you are eligible under section   151 ‑ 5.   (2)   Your election takes effect from:   (a)   the start of the earliest tax period for which, on the day on which you make your election, your * GST return is not yet due (taking into account any further period the Commissioner allows under paragraph   31 ‑ 8(1)(b) or 31 ‑ 10(1)(b)); or   (b)   the start of such other tax period as the Commissioner allows, in accordance with a request you make in the * approved form. Note:   Refusing a request to allow your election to take effect from the start of another tax period is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 151 ‑ 15   Annual tax period elections by representative members of GST groups   (1)   A * representative member of a * GST group cannot make an * annual tax period election unless each * member of the GST group is eligible under section   151 ‑ 5.   (2)   If the * representative member makes such an election, the * annual tax period applying to the representative member also applies to each member. 151 ‑ 20   When you must make your annual tax period election   (1)   You must make your * annual tax period election:   (a)   if the tax periods applying to you are * quarterly tax periods—on or before 28   October in the * financial year to which it relates; or   (b)   in any other case—on or before 21   August in that financial year.   (2)   However:   (a)   if:   (i)   during the * financial year but after 28   October in that financial year, you became eligible under section   151 ‑ 5 to make an * annual tax period election; and   (ii)   this subsection had not applied to you before; and   (iii)   your * current GST lodgment record is not more than 6 months; or   (b)   if the financial year started on 1   July 2004 and the Commissioner determines in writing that this paragraph applies; you must make your election on or before the first day, after becoming eligible under section   151 ‑ 5 or after the Commissioner’s determination, on which you would, but for this Division, be required to give a * GST return to the Commissioner.   (3)   The Commissioner may, in accordance with a request you make in the * approved form, allow you to make your election on a specified day occurring after the day provided for under subsection   (1) or (2). Note:   Refusing a request to be allowed to make an election on a specified day under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 151 ‑ 25   Duration of an annual tax period election General rule   (1)   Your election ceases to have effect if:   (a)   you revoke it by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form; or   (b)   the Commissioner disallows it under subsection   (3); or   (c)   on 31   July in a * financial year, you are * required to be registered. Your election also ceases to have effect at the end of your tax period under subsection   27 ‑ 39(1), at the end of your concluding tax period under section   27 ‑ 40, or at the end of a tax period applying to you to which subsection   151 ‑ 55(1) applies. Revocation   (2)   A revocation of your election is taken to have had, or has, effect:   (a)   if you notify the Commissioner on or before 28   October in a financial year—from the start of that * financial year; or   (b)   if you notify the Commissioner after 28   October in a financial year—from the start of the next financial year. Disallowance   (3)   The Commissioner may disallow your election if, and only if, the Commissioner is satisfied that you have failed to comply with one or more of your obligations under a * taxation law. Note:   Disallowing your election is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (4)   A disallowance of your election is taken to have had effect:   (a)   if the Commissioner notifies you of the disallowance during the * financial year in which your election first took effect—from the start of the tax period in which it first took effect; or   (b)   if the Commissioner notifies you of the disallowance on or before 28   October during a later financial year—from the start of that later financial year; or   (c)   if the Commissioner notifies you of the disallowance after 28   October during a later financial year—from the start of the financial year immediately following that later financial year. Becoming subject to a requirement to register   (5)   If paragraph   (1)(c) applies, your election is taken to have ceased to have effect from the start of the * financial year referred to in that paragraph. Subdivision   151 ‑ B — Consequences of electing to have annual tax periods 151 ‑ 40   Annual tax periods   (1)   While an * annual tax period election that you have made has effect, each * financial year is a tax period that applies to you.   (2)   However, if your * annual tax period election takes effect on a day that is not the start of a * financial year, the period from when your annual tax period election takes effect until the end of the financial year in which it takes effect is a tax period that applies to you.   (3)   A tax period under this section is an annual tax period .   (4)   This section has effect despite sections   27 ‑ 5, 27 ‑ 10 and 27 ‑ 30 (which are about tax periods). 151 ‑ 45   When GST returns for annual tax periods must be given   (1)   You must give your * GST return for an * annual tax period to the Commissioner:   (a)   if you are required under section   161 of the * ITAA 1936 to lodge a return in relation to a year of income corresponding to, or ending during, an annual tax period applying to you—within:   (i)   the period, specified in the instrument made under that section, for you to lodge as required under that section; or   (ii)   such further time as the Commissioner has permitted for you to lodge as required under that section; or   (b)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply—on or before the 28   February following the end of the annual tax period. Note:   Section   388 ‑ 55 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 allows the Commissioner to defer the time for giving the GST return.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   31 ‑ 8 and 31 ‑ 10 (which are about when GST returns must be given). 151 ‑ 50   When payments of assessed net amounts for annual tax periods must be made   (1)   If the * assessed net amount for an * annual tax period applying to you is greater than zero, you must pay the assessed net amount to the Commissioner on or before the day on which, under section   151 ‑ 45, you are required to give to the Commissioner your * GST return for the annual tax period.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   33 ‑ 5 (which is about when payments of assessed net amounts must be made). 151 ‑ 55   An entity’s concluding annual tax period   (1)   If any of the following occurs:   (a)   an entity who is an individual dies;   (b)   an entity ceases to * carry on any * enterprise;   (c)   an entity’s * registration is cancelled; during an * annual tax period applying to the entity, the annual tax period is not affected by the death, cessation or cancellation.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   27 ‑ 40 (which is about an entity’s concluding tax period).   (3)   However, this section does not affect the application of:   (a)   section   27 ‑ 39; or   (b)   if an entity for any reason ceases to exist—section   27 ‑ 40. 151 ‑ 60   The effect of incapacitation or cessation   (1)   If an entity becomes an * incapacitated entity, or the entity for any reason ceases to exist, the entity must give the * GST return, for the * annual tax period that ends as a result, to the Commissioner:   (a)   on or before the 21st day of the month following the end of the annual tax period; or   (b)   within such further period as the Commissioner allows.   (2)   If the * assessed net amount for the * annual tax period is greater than zero, the entity must pay the assessed net amount to the Commissioner on or before the 21st day of the month following the end of the annual tax period.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   151 ‑ 45 (which is about when GST returns for annual tax periods must be given) and 151 ‑ 50 (which is about when payments of assessed net amounts for annual tax periods must be made). Division   153 — Agents etc. and insurance brokers Table of Subdivisions 153 ‑ A   General 153 ‑ B   Principals and intermediaries as separate suppliers or acquirers 153 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division sets out the rules for holding and issuing tax invoices and adjustment notes when your supplies or acquisitions are made through an agent, or when insurance is supplied through an insurance broker. It also allows in some cases a supply or acquisition made through, or facilitated by, an entity on your behalf to be treated as 2 separate supplies or acquisitions. Subdivision   153 ‑ A — General 153 ‑ 5   Attributing the input tax credits for your creditable acquisitions   (1)   If:   (a)   you are entitled to the input tax credit for a * creditable acquisition made through an agent; and   (b)   neither you nor your agent holds a * tax invoice for the acquisition when you give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period to which the input tax credit on the acquisition would otherwise be attributable; then:   (c)   the input tax credit (including any part of the input tax credit) is not attributable to that tax period; and   (d)   the input tax credit (or the part of the input tax credit) is attributable to the first tax period for which you give to the Commissioner a GST return at a time when you or your agent holds that tax invoice.   (2)   This section has effect despite subsection   29 ‑ 10(3) (which is about the requirement to hold a tax invoice). 153 ‑ 10   Attributing your adjustments   (1)   If:   (a)   you have a * decreasing adjustment relating to a supply made by you through an agent or made to you through an agent; and   (b)   neither you nor your agent holds an * adjustment note or * third party adjustment note for the adjustment when you give to the Commissioner a * GST return for the tax period to which the adjustment would otherwise be attributable; then:   (c)   the adjustment (including any part of the adjustment) is not attributable to that tax period; and   (d)   the adjustment (or the part of the adjustment) is attributable to the first tax period for which you give to the Commissioner a GST return at a time when you or your agent holds that adjustment note or third party adjustment note.   (2)   This section has effect despite subsections   29 ‑ 20(3) (which is about the requirement to hold an adjustment note) and 134 ‑ 15(1) (which is about the requirement to hold a third party adjustment note). 153 ‑ 15   Tax invoices   (1)   If you make a * taxable supply through an agent, an obligation to issue a * tax invoice relating to the supply:   (a)   arises whether the * recipient makes a request for a tax invoice to you or the agent; and   (b)   is complied with if either you or the agent gives the recipient a tax invoice within 28 days after the request.   (2)   However, you and the agent must not both issue separate * tax invoices relating to the supply. Note:   If Subdivision   153 ‑ B is to apply to the supply, there will be an arrangement under which only your agent can issue the tax invoice: see paragraph   153 ‑ 50(1)(d).   (3)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 70 (which is about tax invoices). 153 ‑ 20   Adjustment notes   (1)   If you have a * decreasing adjustment relating to a supply made by you through an agent or made to you through an agent, an obligation under subsection   29 ‑ 75(2) to issue an * adjustment note for the adjustment, or an obligation under subsection   134 ‑ 20(2) to issue a * third party adjustment note for the adjustment:   (a)   arises whether the * recipient makes a request for an adjustment note or a third party adjustment note to you or the agent; and   (b)   is complied with if either you or your agent gives the recipient an adjustment note or a third party adjustment note within 28 days after the request.   (2)   However, you and the agent must not both issue separate * adjustment notes or * third party adjustment notes for the adjustment.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 75 (which is about adjustment notes) and 134 ‑ 20 (which is about third party adjustment notes). 153 ‑ 25   Insurance supplied through insurance brokers   (1)   If an insurer supplies an * insurance policy through an * insurance broker acting on behalf of the * recipient of the supply, this Subdivision has effect as if the supply were made through the insurance broker as an agent of the insurer.   (2)   This section does not affect the application of this Subdivision in relation to the acquisition of the * insurance policy through the insurance broker as an agent of the * recipient. Subdivision   153 ‑ B — Principals and intermediaries as separate suppliers or acquirers 153 ‑ 50   Arrangements under which intermediaries are treated as suppliers or acquirers   (1)   An entity (the principal ) may, in writing, enter into an arrangement with another entity (the intermediary ) under which:   (a)   the intermediary will, on the principal’s behalf, do any or all of the following:   (i)   make supplies to third parties;   (ii)   facilitate supplies to third parties (including by issuing * invoices relating to, or receiving * consideration for, such supplies);   (iii)   make acquisitions from third parties;   (iv)   facilitate acquisitions from third parties (including by providing consideration for such acquisitions); and   (b)   the kinds of supplies or acquisitions, or the kinds of supplies and acquisitions, to which the arrangement applies are specified; and   (c)   for the purposes of the GST law:   (i)   the intermediary will be treated as making the supplies to the third parties, or acquisitions from the third parties, or both; and   (ii)   the principal will be treated as making corresponding supplies to the intermediary, or corresponding acquisitions from the intermediary, or both; and   (d)   in the case of supplies to third parties:   (i)   the intermediary will issue to the third parties, in the intermediary’s own name, all the * tax invoices and * adjustment notes relating to those supplies; and   (ii)   the principal will not issue to the third parties any tax invoices and adjustment notes relating to those supplies; and   (e)   the arrangement ceases to have effect if the principal or the intermediary, or both of them, cease to be * registered.   (2)   For the purposes of subsection   (1), an entity can be an intermediary whether or not the entity is the agent of the principal. 153 ‑ 55   The effect of these arrangements on supplies   (1)   A * taxable supply that the principal makes to a third party through the intermediary is taken to be a supply that is a taxable supply made by the intermediary to the third party, and not by the principal, if:   (a)   the supply is of a kind to which the arrangement applies; and   (b)   the supply is made in accordance with the arrangement; and   (c)   both the principal and the intermediary are * registered.   (2)   In addition, the principal is taken to make a supply that is a * taxable supply to the intermediary. This supply is taken:   (a)   to be a supply of the same thing as is supplied in the taxable supply (the intermediary’s supply ) that the intermediary is taken to make; and   (b)   to have a * value equal to 10 / 11 of the amount that is payable to the principal by the intermediary in respect of the intermediary’s supply. The intermediary is taken to make a corresponding * creditable acquisition from the principal.   (3)   If the principal pays, or is liable to pay, an amount, as a commission or similar payment, to the intermediary for the intermediary’s supply to the third party:   (a)   for the purpose of paragraph   (2)(b), the amount payable by the intermediary to the principal is taken to be reduced by the amount the principal pays, or is liable to pay, to the intermediary; and   (b)   the supply by the intermediary to the principal, to which the principal’s payment or liability relates, is not a * taxable supply.   (4)   However, this section no longer applies, and is taken never to have applied, if the principal issues to the third party, in the principal’s own name, any * tax invoice or * adjustment note relating to the supply.   (4A)   Without limiting subsection   (4), this section does not apply in relation to a supply to which section   84 ‑ 55 or section   84 ‑ 81 applies. Note:   These sections treat an operator of an electronic distribution platform, or a goods redeliverer, as having made the supply.   (5)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies), section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies) and section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what are creditable acquisitions). 153 ‑ 60   The effect of these arrangements on acquisitions   (1)   An acquisition that the principal makes from a third party through the intermediary is taken to be a * creditable acquisition made by the intermediary from the third party, and not by the principal, if:   (a)   the acquisition is of a kind to which the arrangement applies; and   (b)   the acquisition is made in accordance with the arrangement; and   (c)   both the principal and the intermediary are * registered.   (2)   In addition, the intermediary is taken to make a supply that is a * taxable supply to the principal. This supply is taken:   (a)   to be a supply of the same thing as is acquired in the * creditable acquisition (the intermediary’s acquisition ) that the intermediary is taken to make; and   (b)   to have a * value equal to 10 / 11 of the amount that is payable to the intermediary by the principal in respect of the intermediary’s acquisition. The principal is taken to make a corresponding acquisition from the intermediary, and the acquisition is taken to be a creditable acquisition if, apart from this section, the principal’s acquisition from the third party would have been a creditable acquisition.   (3)   If the principal pays, or is liable to pay, an amount, as a commission or similar payment, to the intermediary for the intermediary’s acquisition from the third party:   (a)   for the purpose of paragraph   (2)(b), the amount payable by the principal to the intermediary is taken to be increased by the amount the principal pays, or is liable to pay, to the intermediary; and   (b)   the supply by the intermediary to the principal, to which the principal’s payment or liability relates, is not a * taxable supply.   (3A)   This section does not apply in relation to an acquisition if section   84 ‑ 55 applies to the supply to which the acquisition relates. Note:   Under section   84 ‑ 55, an inbound intangible consumer supply, or an offshore supply of low value goods, made through an electronic distribution platform (or a supply that is taken to be such a supply because of section   84 ‑ 60) is treated as having been made by the operator of the platform.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   11 ‑ 5 (which is about what are creditable acquisitions), section   11 ‑ 10 (which is about what are acquisitions), section   9 ‑ 5 (which is about what are taxable supplies) and section   9 ‑ 75 (which is about the value of taxable supplies). 153 ‑ 65   Determinations that supplies or acquisitions are taken to be under these arrangements   (1)   The Commissioner may determine in writing that:   (a)   supplies of a specified kind to third parties that any entity (the intermediary ) makes or facilitates (including by issuing * invoices relating to, or receiving * consideration for, such supplies) on behalf of any other entity (the principal ); or   (b)   acquisitions of a specified kind from third parties that any entity (the intermediary ) makes or facilitates (including by providing consideration for such acquisitions) on behalf of any other entity (the principal ); are taken to be supplies or acquisitions that are of a kind to which an arrangement of a kind referred to in section   153 ‑ 50 applies, and that are made in accordance with that arrangement.   (2)   The determination has effect accordingly, unless either the intermediary or the principal notifies the other in writing, or both notify each other in writing, that:   (a)   any supplies to third parties that the intermediary makes or facilitates (including by issuing * invoices relating to, or receiving * consideration for, such supplies) on the principal’s behalf are not supplies to which such an arrangement applies; and   (b)   any acquisitions from third parties that the intermediary makes or facilitates (including by providing consideration for such acquisitions) on the principal’s behalf are not acquisitions to which such an arrangement applies. Division   156 — Supplies and acquisitions made on a progressive or periodic basis 156 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Supplies and acquisitions made for a period or on a progressive basis are treated as separate supplies or acquisitions for some purposes, in particular the attribution rules. 156 ‑ 5   Attributing the GST on progressive or periodic supplies   (1)   The GST payable by you on a * taxable supply that is made:   (a)   for a period or on a progressive basis; and   (b)   for * consideration that is to be provided on a progressive or periodic basis; is attributable, in accordance with section   29 ‑ 5, as if each progressive or periodic component of the supply were a separate supply.   (2)   If the progressive or periodic components of such a supply are not readily identifiable, the components correspond to the proportion of the total * consideration for the supply that the separate amounts of consideration represent. 156 ‑ 10   Attributing the input tax credits on progressive or periodic acquisitions   (1)   The input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition that is made:   (a)   for a period or on a progressive basis; and   (b)   for * consideration that is to be provided on a progressive or periodic basis; is attributable, in accordance with section   29 ‑ 10, as if each progressive or periodic component of the acquisition were a separate acquisition.   (2)   If the progressive or periodic components of such an acquisition are not readily identifiable, the components correspond to the proportion of the total * consideration for the acquisition that the separate amounts of consideration represent. 156 ‑ 15   Progressive or periodic supplies partly connected with the indirect tax zone   (1)   If:   (a)   a * taxable supply is made for a period or on a progressive basis; and   (b)   the supply is made for * consideration that is to be provided on a progressive or periodic basis; and   (c)   the whole of a progressive or periodic component of the supply would not be * connected with the indirect tax zone if it were a separate supply; that component is treated as if it were a separate supply that is not connected with the indirect tax zone.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   9 ‑ 25 (which is about when supplies are connected with the indirect tax zone) and Division   96. 156 ‑ 17   Application of Division   58 to progressive or periodic supplies and acquisitions   (1)   A supply that is made:   (a)   for a period or on a progressive basis; and   (b)   for * consideration that is to be provided on a progressive or periodic basis; is treated, for the purposes of Division   58 (which is about representatives of incapacitated entities), as if each progressive or periodic component of the supply were a separate supply.   (2)   An acquisition that is made:   (a)   for a period or on a progressive basis; and   (b)   for * consideration that is to be provided on a progressive or periodic basis; is treated, for the purposes of Division   58 (which is about representatives of incapacitated entities), as if each progressive or periodic component of the acquisition were a separate acquisition. 156 ‑ 20   Application of Division   129 to progressive or periodic acquisitions     An acquisition that is made:   (a)   for a period or on a progressive basis; and   (b)   for * consideration that is to be provided on a progressive or periodic basis; is treated, for the purposes of Division   129 (which is about changes in the extent of creditable purpose), as if each progressive or periodic component of the acquisition were a separate acquisition. 156 ‑ 22   Leases etc. treated as being on a progressive or periodic basis     For the purposes of this Division, a supply or acquisition by way of lease, hire or similar arrangement is to be treated as a supply or acquisition that is made on a progressive or periodic basis, for the period of the lease, hire or arrangement. 156 ‑ 23   Certain supplies or acquisitions under hire purchase agreements treated as not on progressive or periodic basis     For the purposes of this Division, a supply or acquisition of goods or credit under a * hire purchase agreement is treated as not being a supply or acquisition made on a progressive or periodic basis. 156 ‑ 25   Accounting on a cash basis     This Division (other than sections   156 ‑ 15 and 156 ‑ 17) does not apply if you * account on a cash basis. Division   157 — Accounting basis of charities etc. 157 ‑ 1   What this Division is about The choice available to an endorsed charity, gift ‑ deductible entity or government school to account on a cash basis is not restricted as it is for other entities, but other restrictions may apply. 157 ‑ 5   Charities etc. choosing to account on a cash basis   (1)   An * endorsed charity, a * gift ‑ deductible entity or a * government school may choose to * account on a cash basis, with effect from the first day of the tax period that the endorsed charity or entity chooses.   (3)   This section does not apply in relation to a * gift ‑ deductible entity endorsed as a deductible gift recipient (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under section   30 ‑ 120 of the ITAA 1997, unless the entity is:   (a)   an * endorsed charity; or   (b)   a * government school; or   (c)   a fund, authority or institution of a kind referred to in paragraph   30 ‑ 125(1)(b) of the ITAA 1997. Note:   This subsection excludes from this section certain (but not all) gift ‑ deductible entities that are only endorsed for the operation of a fund, authority or institution.   (4)   This section has effect despite section   29 ‑ 40 (which is about choosing to account on a cash basis). 157 ‑ 10   Charities etc. ceasing to account on a cash basis   (1)   Paragraphs 29 ‑ 50(1)(a) and (ab) and subsection   29 ‑ 50(3) do not apply in relation to any * endorsed charity, any * gift ‑ deductible entity or any * government school.   (3)   This section does not apply in relation to a * gift ‑ deductible entity endorsed as a deductible gift recipient (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997) under section   30 ‑ 120 of the ITAA 1997, unless the entity is:   (a)   an * endorsed charity; or   (b)   a * government school; or   (c)   a fund, authority or institution of a kind referred to in paragraph   30 ‑ 125(1)(b) of the ITAA 1997. Note:   This subsection excludes from this section certain (but not all) gift ‑ deductible entities that are only endorsed for the operation of a fund, authority or institution. Division   158 — Hire purchase agreements 158 ‑ 1   What this Division is about If you account on a cash basis, you are treated as if you do not account on a cash basis for any acquisition made under a hire purchase agreement. 158 ‑ 5   Treat as not accounting on a cash basis   (1)   This section applies if you * account on a cash basis.   (2)   This Act and the regulations apply in relation to:   (a)   an acquisition you make under a * hire purchase agreement; or   (b)   an input tax credit to which you are entitled, or an * adjustment you have, under subsection   58 ‑ 10(1) for an acquisition made under a hire purchase agreement; as if you do not * account on a cash basis. Division   159 — Changing your accounting basis 159 ‑ 1   What this Division is about This Division tells you to which tax periods to attribute any supplies and acquisitions that are affected by a change in your accounting basis, and how to treat bad debts if your accounting basis changes. 159 ‑ 5   Ceasing to account on a cash basis—amounts not previously attributed   (1)   The GST payable by you on a * taxable supply, the input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition, or an * adjustment that you have, is attributable to a particular tax period (the transition tax period ), and not to any other tax period, if:   (a)   at the start of the transition tax period, you cease to * account on a cash basis; and   (b)   the GST on the supply, the input tax credit on the acquisition, or the adjustment, was not attributable, to any extent, to a previous tax period during which you accounted on a cash basis; and   (c)   it would have been attributable to that previous tax period had you not accounted on a cash basis during that period. For accounting on a cash basis, see Subdivision   29 ‑ B. Example:   In tax period A in the following diagram, you issue an invoice for a supply that you made, but you receive no payment for the supply until tax period D. However, you cease to account on a cash basis at the start of tax period C (which is therefore the transition tax period).       Under section   29 ‑ 5, the supply was not attributable to tax period A (because at the time you were accounting on a cash basis), but it would have been attributable to that period if you had not been accounting on a cash basis (because you issued the invoice in that period). Therefore the supply is attributable to tax period C (the transition tax period).   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 5, 29 ‑ 10 and 29 ‑ 20 (which are about attributing GST on supplies, input tax credits on acquisitions, and adjustments) and any other provisions of this Chapter. 159 ‑ 10   Ceasing to account on a cash basis—amounts partly attributed   (1)   The GST payable by you on a * taxable supply, the input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition, or an * adjustment that you have, is attributable to a particular tax period (the transition tax period ), and not to any other tax period, if:   (a)   at the start of the transition tax period, you cease to * account on a cash basis; and   (b)   the GST on the supply, the input tax credit on the acquisition, or the adjustment, was only to some extent attributable to a previous tax period during which you accounted on a cash basis; and   (c)   it would have been attributable solely to that previous tax period had you not accounted on a cash basis during that period.   (2)   However, the GST on the supply, the input tax credit on the acquisition, or the adjustment, is attributable to the transition tax period only to the extent that it has not been previously attributed to one or more of those previous tax periods. For accounting on a cash basis, see Subdivision   29 ‑ B. Example:   Take the example in section   159 ‑ 5 as changed in the following diagram so that you receive part of the payment for the supply in tax period A. The transition tax period is still tax period C.     Under section   29 ‑ 5, the supply was to some extent attributable to tax period A, but it would have been attributable only to that tax period if you had not been accounting on a cash basis. Therefore the supply is attributable to tax period C (the transition tax period), but only to the extent that it is not attributable to tax period A.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 5, 29 ‑ 10 and 29 ‑ 20 (which are about attributing GST on supplies, input tax credits on acquisitions, and adjustments) and any other provisions of this Chapter. 159 ‑ 15   Ceasing to account on a cash basis—bad debts   (1)   If:   (a)   the GST payable by you on a * taxable supply or the input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition is attributable to a particular tax period (the transition tax period) under section   159 ‑ 5 or 159 ‑ 10; and   (b)   before the start of the transition tax period, the whole or part of a debt relating to the * consideration for the supply or acquisition is written off as bad; then:   (c)   the amount written off, and any part of that amount recovered before the start of the transition tax period, is to be treated, for the purposes of Division   21, as if at all relevant times you were not * accounting on a cash basis; and   (d)   any adjustment arising under Division   21 as a result is attributable to the transition tax period.   (2)   This section has effect despite subsections   21 ‑ 5(2) and 21 ‑ 15(2) (which preclude adjustments for bad debts when accounting on a cash basis) and section   29 ‑ 20 (which is about attributing adjustments). 159 ‑ 20   Starting to account on a cash basis   (1)   If, at the start of a tax period, you start to * account on a cash basis, then:   (a)   the GST payable by you on a * taxable supply that you made; or   (b)   the input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition; or   (c)   an * adjustment that you have; that was attributable to one or more previous tax periods remains attributable to those periods, and not to any other tax period.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   29 ‑ 5, 29 ‑ 10 and 29 ‑ 20 (which are about attributing GST on supplies, input tax credits on acquisitions, and adjustments) and any other provisions of this Chapter. 159 ‑ 25   Starting to account on a cash basis—bad debts   (1)   If:   (a)   the GST payable by you on a * taxable supply, or the input tax credit to which you are entitled for a * creditable acquisition, was attributable to a tax period during which you were not * accounting on a cash basis; and   (b)   at a time when you are accounting on a cash basis, the whole or part of a debt relating to the * consideration for the supply or acquisition is written off as bad; the amount written off, and any part of that amount that is recovered, is to be treated, for the purposes of Division   21, as if at all relevant times you were not accounting on a cash basis.   (2)   This section has effect despite subsections   21 ‑ 5(2) and 21 ‑ 15(2) (which preclude adjustments for bad debts when accounting on a cash basis). 159 ‑ 30   Entities ceasing to exist or coming into existence     This Division does not apply in relation to an entity ceasing to * account on a cash basis as it ceases to exist, or in relation to an entity starting to account on a cash basis as it comes into existence. Part   4 ‑ 7 — Special rules mainly about returns, payments and refunds Note:   The special rules in this Part mainly modify the operation of Part   2 ‑ 7, but they may affect other Parts of Chapter   2 in minor ways. Division   162 — Payment of GST by instalments Table of Subdivisions 162 ‑ A   Electing to pay GST by instalments 162 ‑ B   Consequences of electing to pay GST by instalments 162 ‑ C   GST instalments 162 ‑ D   Penalty payable in certain cases if varied instalment amounts are too low 162 ‑ 1   What this Division is about You may be able to elect to pay GST by instalments. If you do, GST returns are given to the Commissioner annually, and quarterly instalments of GST are paid on the basis of the Commissioner’s or your estimates of what your annual GST liability will be (followed by a reconciliation based on the annual GST return). If you can average your income for income tax purposes, you only pay the last 2 quarterly instalments. Note:   In some cases, you will only pay the last 2 quarterly instalments: see section   162 ‑ 105. Subdivision   162 ‑ A — Electing to pay GST by instalments 162 ‑ 5   Eligibility to elect to pay GST by instalments   (1)   You are eligible to elect to pay GST by instalments if:   (a)   either:   (i)   you are a * small business entity (other than because of subsection   328 ‑ 110(4) of the * ITAA 1997) for the * income year in which you make your election; or   (ii)   you do not carry on a * business and your * GST turnover does not exceed the * instalment turnover threshold; and   (b)   the current tax period applying to you is not affected by:   (i)   an election under section   27 ‑ 10 (election of one month tax periods); or   (ii)   a determination under section   27 ‑ 15 (determination of one month tax periods); or   (iii)   a determination under section   27 ‑ 37 (special determination of tax periods on request); and   (c)   your * current GST lodgment record is at least 4 months; and   (d)   you have complied with all your obligations to give * GST returns to the Commissioner; and   (e)   you are not in a * net refund position; and   (f)   you are not a * limited registration entity.   (2)   The instalment turnover threshold is:   (a)   $2 million; or   (b)   such higher amount as the regulations specify.   (3)   You are in a net refund position if the sum of all your * assessed net amounts is less than zero, for the tax periods for which * GST returns fell due during the period referred to in the relevant item in the third column of this table.   When you are in a net refund position Item If your * current GST lodgment record is… Take into account this period to work out whether you are in a net refund position: 1 at least 13 months the 12 months preceding the current tax period applying to you 2 at least 10 months, but less than 13 months the 9 months preceding that current tax period 3 at least 7 months, but less than 10 months the 6 months preceding that current tax period 4 less than 7 months the 3 months preceding that current tax period 162 ‑ 10   Your current GST lodgment record   (1)   If you are not a * member of a * GST group, your current GST lodgment record is the period, immediately preceding the current tax period applying to you, that is covered by tax periods applying to you for which you have given * GST returns to the Commissioner.   (2)   If you are a * member of a * GST group, your current GST lodgment record is the period, immediately preceding the current tax period applying to you, that is covered by tax periods applying to you:   (a)   for which you have given * GST returns to the Commissioner; and   (b)   during which the membership of the GST group has not changed.   (3)   However, if you have been (but are not currently) the * representative member of a * GST group, any tax periods applying to you during which you were such a representative member are not to be counted towards your current GST lodgment record. 162 ‑ 15   Electing to pay GST by instalments   (1)   You may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, elect to pay GST by instalments if you are eligible under section   162 ‑ 5.   (2)   Your election takes effect from:   (a)   the start of the earliest tax period for which, on the day on which you make your election, your * GST return is not yet due; or   (b)   the start of such other tax period as the Commissioner allows, in accordance with a request you make in the * approved form. Note:   Refusing a request to allow your election to take effect from the start of another tax period is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 162 ‑ 20   Elections by representative members of GST groups   (1)   A * representative member of a * GST group cannot elect to pay GST by instalments unless each * member of the GST group is eligible under section   162 ‑ 5.   (2)   If the * representative member makes such an election, the * instalment tax period applying to the representative member also applies to each member. However, the members other than the representative member are not * GST instalment payers. 162 ‑ 25   When you must make your election   (1)   You must make your election on or before 28   October in the * financial year to which it relates.   (2)   However, if:   (a)   during the * financial year but after 28   October in that financial year, you became eligible under section   162 ‑ 5 to elect to pay GST by instalments; and   (b)   this subsection had not applied to you before; and   (c)   your * current GST lodgment record is not more than 6 months; you must make your election on or before the first day, after becoming eligible under section   162 ‑ 5, on which you would, but for this Division, be required under section   31 ‑ 8 to give a * GST return to the Commissioner.   (3)   The Commissioner may, in accordance with a request you make in the * approved form, allow you to make your election on a specified day occurring after the day provided for under subsection   (1) or (2). Note:   Refusing a request to be allowed to make an election on a specified day under this subsection is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ). 162 ‑ 30   Duration of your election General rule   (1)   Your election ceases to have effect if:   (a)   you revoke it, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form; or   (b)   the Commissioner disallows it under subsection   (3); or   (c)   in a case to which subparagraph   162 ‑ 5(1)(a)(i) applied—you are not a * small business entity of the kind referred to in that subparagraph for an * income year; or   (ca)   in a case to which subparagraph   162 ‑ 5(1)(a)(ii) applied—on 31   July in a * financial year, you do not satisfy the requirements of that subparagraph; or   (d)   during a financial year, you become a * limited registration entity; or   (e)   in a case where you are the * representative member of a * GST group—the membership of the GST group changes. Your election also ceases to have effect at the end of your tax period under subsection   27 ‑ 39(1), at the end of your concluding tax period under section   27 ‑ 40, or at the end of a tax period applying to you to which subsection   162 ‑ 85(1) applies. Revocation   (2)   A revocation of your election is taken to have had, or has, effect:   (a)   if you notify the Commissioner on or before 28   October in a * financial year—from the start of that financial year; or   (b)   if you notify the Commissioner after 28   October in a financial year—from the start of the next financial year. Disallowance   (3)   The Commissioner may disallow your election if, and only if, the Commissioner is satisfied that you have failed to comply with one or more of your obligations under a * taxation law. Note:   Disallowing your election is a reviewable GST decision (see Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ).   (4)   A disallowance of your election is taken to have had effect:   (a)   if the Commissioner notifies you of the disallowance during the * financial year in which your election first took effect—from the start of the tax period in which it first took effect; or   (b)   if the Commissioner notifies you of the disallowance on or before 28   October during a later financial year—from the start of that later financial year; or   (c)   if the Commissioner notifies you of the disallowance after 28   October during a later financial year—from the start of the financial year immediately following that later financial year. Not being a small business entity for an income year   (5)   If paragraph   (1)(c) applies, your election is taken to have ceased to have effect from 1   July in the * income year referred to in that paragraph. Failing to satisfy the requirements of subparagraph   162 ‑ 5(1)(a)(ii)   (5A)   If paragraph   (1)(ca) applies, your election is taken to have ceased to have effect from the start of the * financial year referred to in that paragraph. Becoming a limited registration entity   (6)   If paragraph   (1)(d) applies, your election is taken to have ceased to have effect from the start of the * financial year referred to in that paragraph. Subdivision   162 ‑ B — Consequences of electing to pay GST by instalments 162 ‑ 50   GST instalment payers   (1)   You are a GST instalment payer while an election that you have made under section   162 ‑ 15 has effect.   (2)   You are a GST instalment payer for any * financial year for which your election has effect.   (3)   However, if your election has effect only for part of a * financial year, you are a GST instalment payer only for that part of that financial year. 162 ‑ 55   Tax periods for GST instalment payers   (1)   The tax period that applies to you, if you are a * GST instalment payer for a * financial year, is that financial year.   (2)   The tax period that applies to you, if you are a * GST instalment payer only for part of a * financial year, is that part of that financial year.   (3)   A tax period under this section is an instalment tax period .   (4)   This section has effect despite sections   27 ‑ 5, 27 ‑ 10, 27 ‑ 15 and 27 ‑ 30 (which are about tax periods). 162 ‑ 60   When GST returns for GST instalment payers must be given   (1)   You must give your * GST return for the * instalment tax period to the Commissioner:   (a)   if you are required under section   161 of the * ITAA 1936 to lodge a return in relation to a year of income corresponding to, or ending during, an instalment tax period applying to you—within the period, specified in the instrument made under that section, for you to lodge as required under that section; or   (b)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply—on or before the 28   February following the end of the instalment tax period. Note:   Section   388 ‑ 55 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 allows the Commissioner to defer the time for giving the GST return.   (2)   However, in relation to an * instalment tax period that:   (a)   ends on 30   June 2001; or   (b)   would have ended on 30   June 2001 but for the application of section   27 ‑ 35; the period referred to in paragraph   (1)(a) that would otherwise end after 28   February 2002 is taken to end on that day. Note:   Under section   27 ‑ 35, the start or finish of a 3 month tax period could vary by up to 7 days from the start or finish of a normal quarter.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   31 ‑ 8 and 31 ‑ 10 (which are about when GST returns must be given). 162 ‑ 65   The form and contents of GST returns for GST instalment payers   (1)   If you are a * GST instalment payer only for part of a * financial year, the * approved form for your * GST return for the * instalment tax period consisting of that part of the financial year may require that the return relate to:   (a)   the instalment tax period; and   (b)   the one or more preceding tax periods applying to you that fall within the financial year; as if they are a single tax period consisting of the whole of the financial year.   (2)   This section has effect in addition to, and does not limit the scope of, section   31 ‑ 15 (which is about the form and contents of GST returns). 162 ‑ 70   Payment of GST instalments   (1)   If you are a * GST instalment payer, you must, for each * instalment tax period applying to you, pay to the Commissioner an amount (your GST instalment ) for each * GST instalment quarter of the instalment tax period. Note 1:   GST instalments are worked out under Subdivision   162 ‑ C. Note 2:   Entities covered by section   162 ‑ 80 only pay GST instalments on the last 2 GST instalment quarters.   (2)   These are the GST instalment quarters for an * instalment tax period:   (a)   the 3 months ending on 30   September during the period;   (b)   the 3 months ending on 31   December during the period;   (c)   the 3 months ending on 31   March during the period;   (d)   the 3 months ending on 30   June during the period.   (3)   However, if the * instalment tax period is only part of a * financial year, any 3 month periods referred to in subsection   (2) that do not form part of the instalment tax period are not GST instalment quarters of the instalment tax period.   (4)   You must pay your * GST instalment to the Commissioner as follows:   When GST instalments must be paid Item If the GST instalment quarter ends on this day … Pay the GST instalment to the Commissioner on or before this day: 1 30   September the following 28   October 2 31   December the following 28   February 3 31   March the following 28   April 4 30   June the following 28   July Note:   Section   255 ‑ 10 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 allows the Commissioner to defer the time for payment of the GST instalment.   (5)   You may pay by * electronic payment any * GST instalments payable by you. Any amounts of a GST instalment that you do not pay by electronic payment must be paid in the manner determined in writing by the Commissioner. 162 ‑ 75   Giving notices relating to GST instalments     If:   (a)   you are required to pay a * GST instalment; and   (b)   the Commissioner requires you to give a notice relating to the GST instalment; you must give the notice to the Commissioner, in the * approved form, on or before the day on which you are required to pay the GST instalment. 162 ‑ 80   Certain entities pay only 2 GST instalments for each year   (1)   If:   (a)   you are a * GST instalment payer for an * instalment tax period; and   (b)   subsection   (2) applies to you; section   162 ‑ 70 has effect as if you are only required to pay * GST instalments for the last 2 * GST instalment quarters for the instalment tax period.   (2)   This subsection applies to you if:   (a)   both of the following conditions are satisfied:   (i)   you are carrying on a * primary production business in an * income year corresponding to, or ending during, the * instalment tax period;   (ii)   the * assessable income that was * derived from, or resulted from, a primary production business that you carried on in the * base year exceeded the amount of so much of your deductions in that year that are reasonably related to that income; or   (b)   both of the following conditions are satisfied:   (i)   you are a * special professional in an income year corresponding to, or ending during, the instalment tax period;   (ii)   your * assessable professional income in the base year exceeded the amount of so much of your deductions in that year that are reasonably related to that income. 162 ‑ 85   A GST instalment payer’s concluding tax period   (1)   If any of the following occurs:   (a)   a * GST instalment payer who is an individual dies;   (b)   a GST instalment payer ceases to * carry on any * enterprise;   (c)   a GST instalment payer’s * registration is cancelled; during an * instalment tax period applying to the GST instalment payer, the instalment tax period is not affected by the death, cessation or cancellation.   (2)   However, any requirement to pay * GST instalments for a * GST instalment quarter of the * instalment tax period does not apply if the GST instalment quarter commences after:   (a)   the death or cessation occurred; or   (b)   the cancellation took effect.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   27 ‑ 40 (which is about an entity’s concluding tax period) and 162 ‑ 70.   (4)   However, this section does not affect the application of:   (a)   section   27 ‑ 39; or   (b)   if a * GST instalment payer for any reason ceases to exist—section   27 ‑ 40. 162 ‑ 90   The effect of incapacitation or cessation   (1)   If a * GST instalment payer becomes an * incapacitated entity, or for any reason ceases to exist, the GST instalment payer must give the * GST return, for the * instalment tax period that ends as a result, to the Commissioner:   (a)   on or before the 21st day of the month following the end of the instalment tax period; or   (b)   within such further period as the Commissioner allows.   (2)   If the * assessed net amount for the * instalment tax period is greater than zero, the * GST instalment payer must pay the assessed net amount to the Commissioner on or before the 21st day of the month following the end of the instalment tax period.   (3)   This section has effect despite sections   162 ‑ 60 (which is about when GST instalment payers must give GST returns) and 162 ‑ 110 (which is about when GST instalment payers must pay assessed net amounts). 162 ‑ 95   The effect of changing the membership of GST groups   (1)   If you are:   (a)   a * GST instalment payer; and   (b)   a * member of a * GST group whose membership changes during an * instalment tax period applying to you; the instalment tax period ends when the membership of the GST group changes.   (2)   The * representative member of the * GST group must give the * GST return for the * instalment tax period to the Commissioner:   (a)   on or before the 21st day of the month following the end of the instalment tax period; or   (b)   within such further period as the Commissioner allows.   (3)   If the * assessed net amount for the * instalment tax period is greater than zero, the * representative member of the * GST group must pay the assessed net amount to the Commissioner on or before the 21st day of the month following the end of the instalment tax period.   (4)   This section has effect despite sections   162 ‑ 55 (which is about tax periods for GST instalment payers), 162 ‑ 60 (which is about when GST instalment payers must give GST returns) and 162 ‑ 110 (which is about when GST instalment payers must pay assessed net amounts). 162 ‑ 100   General interest charge on late payment     If you fail to pay some or all of a * GST instalment by the time by which the GST instalment is due to be paid, you are liable to pay the * general interest charge on the unpaid amount for each day in the period that:   (a)   started at the beginning of the day by which the GST instalment was due to be paid; and   (b)   finishes at the end of the last day on which, at the end of the day, any of the following remains unpaid:   (i)   the GST instalment;   (ii)   general interest charge on any of the instalment. 162 ‑ 105   Net amounts for GST instalment payers     If you are a * GST instalment payer, your * net amount for an * instalment tax period is the difference between:   (a)   the amount that, but for this section, would be your * net amount under section   17 ‑ 5, 123 ‑ 15 or 126 ‑ 5 for the instalment tax period; and   (b)   the sum of all of the * GST instalments payable by you for the * GST instalment quarters of the instalment tax period. 162 ‑ 110   When payments of assessed net amounts must be made—GST instalment payers   (1)   If:   (a)   you are a * GST instalment payer; and   (b)   the * assessed net amount for an * instalment tax period applying to you is greater than zero; you must pay the assessed net amount to the Commissioner on or before the day on which, under section   162 ‑ 60, you are required to give to the Commissioner your * GST return for the instalment tax period.   (2)   This section has effect despite sections   33 ‑ 3 and 33 ‑ 5 (which are about when payments of assessed net amounts are made). Subdivision   162 ‑ C — GST instalments 162 ‑ 130   What are your GST instalments   (1)   If you are a * GST instalment payer, your * GST instalments for the * GST instalment quarters of an * instalment tax period applying to you are worked out under subsections   (2) and (3).   (2)   Your * GST instalment for the first * GST instalment quarter is whichever of the following you choose:   (a)   your * notified instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter; or   (b)   your * varied instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter.   (3)   Your * GST instalment for any other * GST instalment quarter is:   (a)   if you have a * notified instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter—whichever of the following you choose:   (i)   your notified instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter; or   (ii)   your * varied instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter; or   (b)   if you do not have a notified instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter—whichever of the following you choose:   (i)   25% of your * estimated annual GST amount relating to the preceding GST instalment quarter; or   (ii)   your varied instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter. Note:   Subsection   162 ‑ 135(2) sets out when you will not have a notified instalment amount for a GST instalment quarter. 162 ‑ 135   Notified instalment amounts   (1)   Your notified instalment amount for a * GST instalment quarter is the amount that is:   (a)   worked out by the Commissioner; and   (b)   notified by the Commissioner to you before the day on which the * GST instalment is due. The amount must not be less than zero.   (2)   However, the Commissioner is not to work out or notify a * notified instalment amount for a * GST instalment quarter if you had a * varied instalment amount for an earlier GST instalment quarter of the same * instalment tax period. 162 ‑ 140   Varied instalment amounts   (1)   You may, by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form, substitute another amount for:   (a)   your * notified instalment amount for a * GST instalment quarter; or   (b)   if paragraph   162 ‑ 130(3)(b) applies to a GST instalment quarter—your * GST instalment for the preceding GST instalment quarter. The amount substituted is your varied instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter.   (2)   The amount substituted must not be less than zero.   (3)   You must give the notice to the Commissioner on or before the day on which the * GST instalment for the * GST instalment quarter is due.   (4)   You must include in the notice an estimate of your * annual GST liability relating to the * instalment tax period in question. This estimate is your estimated annual GST amount relating to the * GST instalment quarter. Note 1:   You may be liable to penalty under Subdivision   162 ‑ D if your variation of the notified instalment amount is too much of an underestimate of your total GST liability. Note 2:   Your estimated annual GST amount is taken to be zero if it would otherwise be less than zero (see subsection   (6)).   (5)   However, if paragraph   162 ‑ 130(3)(b) applies to a * GST instalment quarter but you do not, under subsection   (1) of this section, substitute another amount by notifying the Commissioner in the * approved form:   (a)   your varied instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter is 25% of your * estimated annual GST amount relating to the preceding GST instalment quarter; and   (b)   your estimated annual GST amount relating to the GST instalment quarter is your * estimated annual GST amount relating to the preceding GST instalment quarter.   (6)   Your estimated annual GST amount relating to the * GST instalment quarter is zero if, apart from this subsection, this estimate would be less than zero. 162 ‑ 145   Your annual GST liability   (1)   Your annual GST liability , for an * instalment tax period that is a * financial year, is the amount that would be your * net amount for the period if it were not reduced under section   162 ‑ 105.   (2)   Your annual GST liability , for an * instalment tax period that is only part of a * financial year, is the sum of:   (a)   the amount that would be your * net amount for the period if it were not reduced under section   162 ‑ 105; and   (b)   your * early net amounts for the financial year (subtracting any of those amounts that are less than zero).   (3)   Your early net amounts for the * financial year are your * assessed net amounts for any tax periods that:   (a)   started, or would but for section   27 ‑ 35 have started, at the start of or during that financial year; and   (b)   ended before the start of the * instalment tax period applying to you that forms part of that financial year. Note:   Under section   27 ‑ 35, the start or finish of a 3 month tax period could vary by up to 7 days from the start or finish of a normal quarter. Subdivision   162 ‑ D — Penalty payable in certain cases if varied instalment amounts are too low 162 ‑ 170   What this Subdivision is about There are 3 circumstances where a penalty can arise if a varied instalment amount is too low:   (a)   your payments are too low a proportion of your annual GST liability (see section   162 ‑ 175);   (b)   your estimated annual GST amount is too low a proportion of your annual GST liability (see section   162 ‑ 180);   (c)   the varied instalment amount is too low a proportion of your estimated annual GST amount (see section   162 ‑ 185). The penalty is based on the general interest charge rate, and the machinery provisions of Division   298 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 apply. Note:   This section is an explanatory section. 162 ‑ 175   GST payments are less than 85% of annual GST liability   (1)   You are liable to pay a penalty, for a * GST instalment quarter of an * instalment tax period applying to you, if you have a * varied instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter, and:   (a)   if the instalment tax period is a * financial year—the sum of your * GST instalments for all the GST instalment quarters of the instalment tax period is less than 85% of your * annual GST liability for the instalment tax period; or   (b)   if the instalment tax period is only part of a financial year—the sum of:   (i)   your * GST instalments for all the GST instalment quarters of the instalment tax period; and   (ii)   your * early net amounts for the financial year (subtracting any of those amounts that are less than zero);     is less than 85% of your annual GST liability for the instalment tax period.   (2)   The amount of the penalty, for a particular day, is worked out by applying the * general interest charge:   (a)   for each day in the period in section   162 ‑ 190; and   (b)   in the way set out in subsection   8AAC(4) of the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ; to your * GST instalment shortfall, under this section, for the * GST instalment quarter.   (3)   Your GST instalment shortfall , under this section, for the * GST instalment quarter is the amount worked out as follows: where: GST already payable is the sum of:   (a)   the * varied instalment amount; and   (b)   all your other * GST instalments (if any) for earlier * GST instalment quarters of the * instalment tax period in question; and   (c)   if the instalment tax period is only part of a * financial year—your * early net amounts for the financial year (subtracting any of those amounts that are less than zero).   (4)   However, if:   (a)   the * GST instalment quarter is not the first GST instalment quarter of the * instalment tax period in question; and   (b)   you are liable for one or more penalties under this section in relation to any of the earlier GST instalment quarters of the instalment tax period; then:   (c)   your GST instalment shortfall , under this section, for the * GST instalment quarter is the difference between:   (i)   the amount worked out using the formula in subsection   (3); and   (ii)   the sum of all your GST instalment shortfalls for those earlier GST instalment quarters; and   (d)   if that sum is greater than the amount worked out using the formula in subsection   (3)—you are not liable to pay a penalty under this section in relation to the GST instalment quarter.   (5)   The appropriate percentage for a * GST instalment quarter is:   (a)   if the GST instalment quarter ends on 30   September—25%; or   (b)   if the GST instalment quarter ends on 31   December—50%; or   (c)   if the GST instalment quarter ends on 31   March—75%; or   (d)   if the GST instalment quarter ends on 30   June—100%. 162 ‑ 180   Estimated annual GST amount is less than 85% of annual GST liability   (1)   You are liable to pay a penalty, for a * GST instalment quarter of an * instalment tax period applying to you, if:   (a)   you have a * varied instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter; and   (b)   you are not liable to pay a penalty, for the GST instalment quarter, under section   162 ‑ 175; and   (c)   your * estimated annual GST amount relating to the GST instalment quarter is less than:   (i)   85% of your * annual GST liability for the instalment tax period; or   (ii)   if the GST instalment quarter ends on 30   September 2001—75% of your * annual GST liability for the instalment tax period; and   (d)   the varied instalment amount is less than or equal to 25% of your annual GST liability for the instalment tax period.   (2)   The amount of the penalty, for a particular day, is worked out by applying the * general interest charge:   (a)   for each day in the period in section   162 ‑ 190; and   (b)   in the way set out in subsection   8AAC(4) of the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ; to your * GST instalment shortfall, under this section, for the * GST instalment quarter.   (3)   Your GST instalment shortfall , under this section, for the * GST instalment quarter is the amount worked out as follows:   (4)   However, if:   (a)   the * GST instalment quarter is not the first GST instalment quarter of the * instalment tax period in question; and   (b)   you are liable for one or more penalties under this section in relation to any of the earlier GST instalment quarters of the instalment tax period; then:   (c)   your GST instalment shortfall , under this section, for the * GST instalment quarter is the difference between:   (i)   the amount worked out using the formula in subsection   (3); and   (ii)   the sum of all your GST instalment shortfalls for those earlier GST instalment quarters; and   (d)   if that sum is greater than the amount worked out using the formula in subsection   (3)—you are not liable to pay a penalty under this section in relation to the GST instalment quarter.   (5)   For the purpose of working out your * GST instalment shortfall under this section, your * estimated annual GST amount relating to the * GST instalment quarter is taken to be the amount worked out as follows, if the amount is less than that estimated annual GST amount: where: GST already payable is the sum of:   (a)   the * varied instalment amount in question; and   (b)   all your other * GST instalments (if any) for earlier * GST instalment quarters of the * instalment tax period in question; and   (c)   if the instalment tax period is only part of a * financial year—your * early net amounts for the financial year (subtracting any of those amounts that are less than zero). 162 ‑ 185   Shortfall in GST instalments worked out on the basis of estimated annual GST amount   (1)   You are liable to pay a penalty, for a * GST instalment quarter of an * instalment tax period applying to you, if:   (a)   you have a * varied instalment amount for the GST instalment quarter; and   (b)   you are not liable to pay a penalty, for the GST instalment quarter, under section   162 ‑ 175 or 162 ‑ 180; and   (c)   the amount worked out by multiplying your * estimated annual GST amount relating to the GST instalment quarter by the * appropriate percentage for the GST instalment quarter exceeds the sum of:   (i)   the varied instalment amount; and   (ii)   all your other * GST instalments (if any) for earlier GST instalment quarters of the * instalment tax period in question; and   (iii)   if the instalment tax period is only part of a * financial year—your * early net amounts for the financial year (subtracting any of those amounts that are less than zero).   (2)   The amount of the penalty, for a particular day, is worked out by applying the * general interest charge:   (a)   for each day in the period in section   162 ‑ 190; and   (b)   in the way set out in subsection   8AAC(4) of the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ; to your * GST instalment shortfall, under this section, for the * GST instalment quarter.   (3)   Your GST instalment shortfall , under this section, for the * GST instalment quarter is the amount of the excess referred to in paragraph   (1)(c). 162 ‑ 190   Periods for which penalty is payable     You are liable to pay the penalty under this Subdivision for each day in the period that:   (a)   started at the beginning of the day by which the * GST instalment, for the * GST instalment quarter to which the charge relates, was due to be paid; and   (b)   finishes at the end of the day before which you must, under section   162 ‑ 110, pay to the Commissioner your * assessed net amount for the * instalment tax period that includes that GST instalment quarter. 162 ‑ 195   Reduction in penalties if notified instalment amount is less than 25% of annual GST liability   (1)   This section reduces your * GST instalment shortfall, for a * GST instalment quarter of an * instalment tax period applying to you, if:   (a)   you are liable to pay a penalty under section   162 ‑ 175 or 162 ‑ 180 for a * GST instalment quarter of an * instalment tax period applying to you; and   (b)   for that or any other GST instalment quarter of an * instalment tax period:   (i)   you have a * notified instalment amount that is less than 25% of your * annual GST liability for the instalment tax period; or   (ii)   you do not have a notified instalment amount, but the Commissioner is satisfied that, if you had such a notified instalment amount, it would be less than 25% of your annual GST liability for the instalment tax period.   (2)   The * GST instalment shortfall is reduced by the amount worked out as follows: where: notified and other amounts is the sum of:   (a)   the * notified instalment amount, or, if you do not have a notified instalment amount for the * GST instalment quarter, the amount that the Commissioner is satisfied would have otherwise been that notified instalment amount; and   (b)   for each of the earlier GST instalment quarters (if any) of the * instalment tax period in question:   (i)   the notified instalment amount; or   (ii)   if you do not have a notified instalment amount for the * GST instalment quarter—the amount that the Commissioner is satisfied would have otherwise been that notified instalment amount; and   (c)   if the instalment tax period is only part of a * financial year—your * early net amounts for the financial year (subtracting any of those amounts that are less than zero).   (3)   If, because of the reduction, your * GST instalment shortfall for the * GST instalment quarter is zero or less than zero, you are not liable to pay a penalty under section   162 ‑ 175 or 162 ‑ 180 (as the case requires) in relation to the GST instalment quarter.   (4)   If both this section and section   162 ‑ 200 apply to a particular * GST instalment shortfall, apply this section to the shortfall before applying section   162 ‑ 200. 162 ‑ 200   Reduction in penalties if GST instalment shortfall is made up in a later instalment   (1)   This section reduces your * GST instalment shortfall, for a * GST instalment quarter of an * instalment tax period applying to you, if:   (a)   you pay to the Commissioner a * GST instalment for a later GST instalment quarter of the instalment tax period; and   (b)   that GST instalment exceeds 25% of your * annual GST liability for the instalment tax period. The amount of that excess is called the top up .   (2)   The * GST instalment shortfall is reduced by applying so much of the top up as does not exceed the GST instalment shortfall.   (3)   However, if some of the top up has already been applied (under any other application or applications of this section) to reduce a * GST instalment shortfall for a different * GST instalment quarter of the * instalment tax period, the GST instalment shortfall is reduced by applying so much of the top up as has not already been applied, and does not exceed the GST instalment shortfall.   (4)   The reduction under subsection   (2) has effect for each day in the period that:   (a)   started at the beginning of the day on which you paid the * GST instalment for the later * GST instalment quarter; and   (b)   finishes at the end of the day before which you must, under section   162 ‑ 110, pay to the Commissioner your * assessed net amount for the * instalment tax period. 162 ‑ 205   This Subdivision does not create a liability for general interest charge     For the avoidance of doubt, this Subdivision does not have the effect of making you liable to pay the * general interest charge. Division   165 — Anti ‑ avoidance Table of Subdivisions 165 ‑ A   Application of this Division 165 ‑ B   Commissioner may negate effects of schemes for GST benefits 165 ‑ 1   What this Division is about The object of this Division is to deter schemes to give entities benefits by reducing GST, increasing refunds or altering the timing of payment of GST or refunds. If the dominant purpose or principal effect of a scheme is to give an entity such a benefit, the Commissioner may negate the benefit an entity gets from the scheme by declaring how much GST or refund would have been payable, and when it would have been payable, apart from the scheme. This Division is aimed at artificial or contrived schemes. It is not, for example, intended to apply to: •   an exporter electing to have monthly tax periods in order to bring forward the entitlement to input tax credits; or •   a supplier of child care applying to be approved under the A New Tax System (Family Assistance) (Administration) Act 1999 (this would make the supplies of child care GST ‑ free); or •   a supplier choosing under section   9 ‑ 25 of the Wine Tax Act to use the average wholesale price method for working out the taxable value of retail sales of grape wine; or •   a bank having its car fleet serviced earlier than usual, and before 1   July 2000, so that the servicing does not, at least initially, bear the GST. Subdivision   165 ‑ A — Application of this Division 165 ‑ 5   When does this Division operate? General rule   (1)   This Division operates if:   (a)   an entity (the avoider ) gets or got a * GST benefit from a * scheme; and   (b)   the GST benefit is not attributable to the making, by any entity, of a choice, election, application or agreement that is expressly provided for by the * GST law, the * wine tax law or the * luxury car tax law; and   (c)   taking account of the matters described in section   165 ‑ 15, it is reasonable to conclude that either:   (i)   an entity that (whether alone or with others) entered into or carried out the scheme, or part of the scheme, did so with the sole or dominant purpose of that entity or another entity getting a * GST benefit from the scheme; or   (ii)   the principal effect of the scheme, or of part of the scheme, is that the avoider gets the GST benefit from the scheme directly or indirectly; and   (d)   the scheme:   (i)   is a scheme that has been or is entered into on or after 2   December 1998; or   (ii)   is a scheme that has been or is carried out or commenced on or after that day (other than a scheme that was entered into before that day). Territorial application   (2)   It does not matter whether the * scheme, or any part of the scheme, was entered into or carried out inside or outside Australia. Creating circumstances or states of affairs   (3)   A * GST benefit that the avoider gets or got from a * scheme is not taken, for the purposes of paragraph   (1)(b), to be attributable to a choice, election, application or agreement of a kind referred to in that paragraph if:   (a)   the scheme, or part of the scheme, was entered into or carried out for the sole or dominant purpose of creating a circumstance or state of affairs; and   (b)   the existence of the circumstance or state of affairs is necessary to enable the choice, election, application or agreement to be made. 165 ‑ 10   When does an entity get a GST benefit from a scheme?   (1)   An entity gets a GST benefit from a * scheme if:   (a)   an amount that is payable by the entity under this Act apart from this Division is, or could reasonably be expected to be, smaller than it would be apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme; or   (b)   an amount that is payable to the entity under this Act apart from this Division is, or could reasonably be expected to be, larger than it would be apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme; or   (c)   all or part of an amount that is payable by the entity under this Act apart from this Division is, or could reasonably be expected to be, payable later than it would have been apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme; or   (d)   all or part of an amount that is payable to the entity under this Act apart from this Division is, or could reasonably be expected to be, payable earlier than it would have been apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme; or   (e)   each of the following applies:   (i)   the entity is the * recipient of a * supply that is not * connected with the indirect tax zone;   (ii)   apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme, the supply would be, or could reasonably be expected to be, connected with the indirect tax zone solely because of Subdivision   84 ‑ C;   (iii)   an amount that is payable, in relation to the supply, by another entity under this Act apart from this Division is, or could reasonably be expected to be, smaller than it would be apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme;   (iv)   the amount by which that amount is smaller is not, or could not reasonably be expected to be, equal to the amount of any decrease in the amount of any input tax credit to which the recipient is entitled in relation to the acquisition of the thing supplied. What is a scheme ?   (2)   A scheme is:   (a)   any arrangement, agreement, understanding, promise or undertaking:   (i)   whether it is express or implied; and   (ii)   whether or not it is, or is intended to be, enforceable by legal proceedings; or   (b)   any scheme, plan, proposal, action, course of action or course of conduct, whether unilateral or otherwise. GST benefit can arise even if no economic alternative   (3)   An entity can get a * GST benefit from a * scheme even if the entity or entities that entered into or carried out the scheme, or a part of the scheme, could not have engaged economically in any activities:   (a)   of the kind to which this Act applies; and   (b)   that would produce an effect equivalent (except in terms of this Act) to the effect of the scheme or part of the scheme; other than the activities involved in entering into or carrying out the scheme or part of the scheme. 165 ‑ 15   Matters to be considered in determining purpose or effect   (1)   The following matters are to be taken into account under section   165 ‑ 5 in considering an entity’s purpose in entering into or carrying out the * scheme from which the avoider got a * GST benefit, and the effect of the scheme:   (a)   the manner in which the scheme was entered into or carried out;   (b)   the form and substance of the scheme, including:   (i)   the legal rights and obligations involved in the scheme; and   (ii)   the economic and commercial substance of the scheme;   (c)   the purpose or object of this Act, the Customs Act 1901 (so far as it is relevant to this Act) and any relevant provision of this Act or that Act (whether the purpose or object is stated expressly or not);   (d)   the timing of the scheme;   (e)   the period over which the scheme was entered into and carried out;   (f)   the effect that this Act would have in relation to the scheme apart from this Division;   (g)   any change in the avoider’s financial position that has resulted, or may reasonably be expected to result, from the scheme;   (h)   any change that has resulted, or may reasonably be expected to result, from the scheme in the financial position of an entity (a connected entity ) that has or had a connection or dealing with the avoider, whether the connection or dealing is or was of a family, business or other nature;   (i)   any other consequence for the avoider or a connected entity of the scheme having been entered into or carried out;   (j)   the nature of the connection between the avoider and a connected entity, including the question whether the dealing is or was at arm’s length;   (k)   the circumstances surrounding the scheme;   (l)   any other relevant circumstances.   (2)   Subsection   (1) applies in relation to consideration of an entity’s purpose in entering into or carrying out a part of a * scheme from which the avoider gets or got a * GST benefit, and the effect of part of the scheme, as if the part were itself the * scheme from which the avoider gets or got the GST benefit. Subdivision   165 ‑ B — Commissioner may negate effects of schemes for GST benefits 165 ‑ 40   Commissioner may make declaration for purpose of negating avoider’s GST benefits   (1)   For the purpose of negating a * GST benefit the avoider mentioned in section   165 ‑ 5 gets or got from the * scheme, the Commissioner may make a declaration stating either or both of the following:   (a)   the amount that is (and has been at all times) the avoider’s * net amount for a specified tax period that has ended;   (b)   the amount that is (and has been at all times) the amount of GST on a specified * taxable importation that was made (or is stated in the declaration to have been made) by the avoider.   (2)   The Commissioner must take such action as he or she considers necessary to give effect to a declaration made under this section. 165 ‑ 45   Commissioner may reduce an entity’s net amount or GST to compensate   (1)   This section operates if:   (a)   the Commissioner has made a declaration under subsection   165 ‑ 40(1) to negate the * GST benefit an entity gets or got from a * scheme; and   (b)   the Commissioner considers that another entity (the loser ) gets or got a * GST disadvantage from the scheme; and   (c)   the Commissioner considers that it is fair and reasonable that the loser’s GST disadvantage be negated or reduced.   (2)   An entity gets a GST disadvantage from a * scheme if:   (a)   an amount that is payable by the entity under this Act apart from this Division is, or could reasonably be expected to be, larger than it would have been apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme; or   (b)   an amount that is payable to the entity under this Act apart from this Division is, or could reasonably be expected to be, smaller than it would have been apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme; or   (c)   all or part of an amount that is payable by the entity under this Act apart from this Division is, or could reasonably be expected to be, payable earlier than it would have been apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme; or   (d)   all or part of an amount that is payable to the entity under this Act apart from this Division is, or could reasonably expected to be, payable later than it would have been apart from the scheme or a part of the scheme.   (3)   For the purposes of negating or reducing the loser’s * GST disadvantage from the * scheme, the Commissioner may make a declaration (under this section) stating either or both of the following:   (a)   the amount that is (and has been at all times) the loser’s * net amount for a specified tax period that has ended;   (b)   the amount that is (and has been at all times) the amount of GST on a specified * taxable importation that was made (or is stated in the declaration to have been made) by the loser.   (4)   An amount stated in a declaration as the loser’s * net amount or the amount of GST on a * taxable importation must not be less than the net amount or amount of GST (as appropriate) would have been apart from the * scheme, or part of the scheme, and the declaration.   (5)   An entity may give the Commissioner a written request to make a declaration under this section relating to the entity. The Commissioner must decide whether or not to grant the request, and give the entity notice of the Commissioner’s decision. 165 ‑ 50   Declaration has effect according to its terms     For the purpose of making an * assessment, a statement in a declaration under this Subdivision has effect according to its terms, despite the provisions of this Act outside of this Division. 165 ‑ 55   Commissioner may disregard scheme in making declarations     For the purposes of making a declaration under this Subdivision, the Commissioner may:   (a)   treat a particular event that actually happened as not having happened; and   (b)   treat a particular event that did not actually happen as having happened and, if appropriate, treat the event as:   (i)   having happened at a particular time; and   (ii)   having involved particular action by a particular entity; and   (c)   treat a particular event that actually happened as:   (i)   having happened at a time different from the time it actually happened; or   (ii)   having involved particular action by a particular entity (whether or not the event actually involved any action by that entity). 165 ‑ 60   One declaration may cover several tax periods and importations     To avoid doubt, statements relating to different tax periods and different * taxable importations may be included in a single declaration under this Subdivision. 165 ‑ 65   Commissioner must give copy of declaration to entity affected   (1)   The Commissioner must give a copy of a declaration under this Subdivision to the entity whose * net amount or GST liability is stated in the declaration.   (2)   A failure to comply with subsection   (1) does not affect the validity of the declaration. Division   168 — Tourist refund scheme 168 ‑ 1   What this Division is about If you take goods overseas as accompanied baggage, or you are a resident of an external Territory and send goods home, you may be entitled to a refund of the GST that was payable on the supply of the goods to you. 168 ‑ 5   Tourist refund scheme Exporting goods as accompanied baggage   (1)   If:   (a)   you make an acquisition of goods the supply of which to you is a * taxable supply; and   (b)   the acquisition is of a kind specified in the regulations; and   (c)   you leave the indirect tax zone, and export the goods from the indirect tax zone as accompanied baggage, in the circumstances specified in the regulations; the Commissioner must, on behalf of the Commonwealth, pay to you an amount equal to:   (d)   the amount of the GST payable on the taxable supply; or   (e)   such proportion of that amount of GST as is specified in the regulations. Resident of external Territory sending goods home   (1A)   If:   (a)   you make an acquisition of goods the supply of which to you is a * taxable supply; and   (b)   the acquisition is of a kind specified in the regulations; and   (c)   at the time of the acquisition, you are an individual to whom one of the following subparagraphs applies:   (i)   you reside in an external Territory;   (ii)   your domicile is in an external Territory;   (iii)   you have actually been in an external Territory, continuously or intermittently, during more than half of the last 12 months; and   (d)   at the time of the acquisition, you are not * registered or * required to be registered; and   (e)   you leave the indirect tax zone, and export the goods to the external Territory:   (i)   in circumstances not covered by paragraph   (1)(c); and   (ii)   in circumstances specified in the regulations; the Commissioner must, on behalf of the Commonwealth, pay to you an amount equal to:   (f)   the amount of the GST payable on the taxable supply; or   (g)   such proportion of that amount of GST as is specified in the regulations. Paying the refund   (2)   An amount payable under this section is payable within the period and in the manner specified in the regulations. You may be found not to be a resident of an external Territory   (3)   Subparagraph   (1A)(c)(ii) does not apply to you if the Commissioner is satisfied that your permanent place of abode is outside that external Territory.   (4)   Subparagraph   (1A)(c)(iii) does not apply to you if the Commissioner is satisfied:   (a)   that your usual place of abode is outside that external Territory; and   (b)   that you do not intend to take up residence in that Territory. 168 ‑ 10   Supplies later found to be GST ‑ free supplies   (1)   If:   (a)   you are paid an amount under subsection   168 ‑ 5(1A) for a supply; and   (b)   the supply is or becomes a * GST ‑ free supply; you become liable to repay the amount (the recoverable amount ) to the Commonwealth on the later of the following days (the due day ):   (c)   the day you were paid the recoverable amount;   (d)   the day the supply becomes a GST ‑ free supply.   (2)   You are liable to pay general interest charge on the whole, or any part, of the recoverable amount that remains unpaid after the due day for each day in the period that:   (a)   starts on the due day; and   (b)   finishes at the end of the last day at the end of which any of the following remains unpaid:   (i)   the recoverable amount;   (ii)   general interest charge on any of the recoverable amount. Division   171 — Customs security etc. given on taxable importations 171 ‑ 1   What this Division is about Security or undertakings can be required under the Customs Act 1901 before a temporary import is permitted. In these cases, this Division delays the requirement to pay assessed GST on the importation. 171 ‑ 5   Security or undertaking given under section   162 or 162A of the Customs Act   (1)   An amount of * assessed GST on a * taxable importation of goods is not payable if:   (a)   a security or undertaking described in section   162 of the Customs Act 1901 has been given; and   (b)   the provisions of the regulations mentioned in paragraph   162(3)(a) of that Act are complied with; and   (c)   either:   (i)   the goods are exported within the relevant period mentioned in paragraph   162(3)(b) of that Act; or   (ii)   one or more of the circumstances or conditions specified in the regulations mentioned in paragraph   162(3)(b) of that Act apply in relation to the goods. Note:   Section   162 of the Customs Act 1901 allows delivery of imported goods if the importer gives a security or undertaking to pay any customs duty, assessed GST and assessed luxury car tax relating to the importation.   (1A)   An amount of * assessed GST on a * taxable importation of goods is not payable if:   (a)   a security or undertaking described in section   162A of the Customs Act 1901 has been given; and   (b)   the goods are not dealt with in contravention of regulations made for the purposes of that section; and   (c)   one or more of the following applies:   (i)   the goods are exported within the relevant period mentioned in paragraph   162A(5)(b) of that Act;   (ii)   if the goods are described in subsection   162A(5A) of that Act—the goods are exported before the end of the relevant day mentioned in paragraph   162A(5A)(b) of that Act;   (iii)   one or more of the circumstances or conditions specified in the regulations mentioned in paragraph   162A(5)(b) of that Act apply in relation to the goods. Note:   Section   162A of the Customs Act 1901 allows delivery of imported goods if the importer gives a security or undertaking to pay any customs duty, assessed GST and assessed luxury car tax relating to the importation.   (2)   This section has effect despite section   33 ‑ 15 (which is about payments of amounts of assessed GST on importations). Chapter   5 — Miscellaneous Part   5 ‑ 1 — Miscellaneous Division   176 — Endorsement of charities etc. 176 ‑ 1   Endorsement by Commissioner as charity   (1)   The Commissioner must endorse an entity as a charity if:   (a)   the entity is entitled to be endorsed as a charity (see subsection   (2)); and   (b)   the entity has applied for that endorsement in accordance with Division   426 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 .   (2)   An entity is entitled to be endorsed as a charity if the entity:   (a)   is an * ACNC ‑ registered charity; and   (b)   has an * ABN. Division   177 — Miscellaneous 177 ‑ 1   Commonwealth etc. not liable to pay GST   (1)   The Commonwealth and * untaxable Commonwealth entities are not liable to pay GST payable under this Act. However, it is the Parliament’s intention that the Commonwealth and untaxable Commonwealth entities should:   (a)   be notionally liable to pay GST payable under this Act; and   (b)   be notionally entitled to input tax credits arising under this Act; and   (c)   notionally have * adjustments arising under this Act.   (2)   The * Finance Minister may give such written directions as are necessary or convenient for carrying out or giving effect to subsection   (1) and, in particular, may give directions in relation to the transfer of money within an account, or between accounts, operated by the Commonwealth or an * untaxable Commonwealth entity.   (2A)   The directions given under subsection   (2) may also take account of the provisions of the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Transition) Act 1999 .   (3)   Directions under subsection   (2) have effect, and must be complied with, despite any other Commonwealth law.   (4)   If the Commonwealth or an * untaxable Commonwealth entity is notionally liable to pay GST for a supply made to another entity (other than the Commonwealth or an untaxable Commonwealth entity), the * GST law applies in relation to the other entity as if:   (a)   the supply were a * taxable supply to that entity; and   (b)   the amount of GST for which the Commonwealth or an untaxable Commonwealth entity is notionally liable for the supply is treated as the amount of GST payable for the supply.   (5)   Untaxable Commonwealth entity means a Commonwealth entity (within the meaning of the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013 ) that cannot be made liable to taxation by a law of the Commonwealth. 177 ‑ 3   Acquisitions from State or Territory bodies where GST liability is notional     If:   (a)   an * Australian government agency, other than the Commonwealth or an * untaxable Commonwealth entity, makes a supply to another entity; and   (b)   the agency is not liable for GST on the supply, but an amount relating to the agency’s notional liability for GST on the supply is included in the * consideration for the supply; the * GST law applies in relation to the other entity as if:   (c)   the supply were a * taxable supply to that entity; and   (d)   the amount of GST for which the agency is notionally liable on the supply is the amount of GST payable on the supply. 177 ‑ 5   Cancellation of exemptions from GST   (1)   This section cancels the effect of a provision of another Act that would have the effect of exempting a person from liability to pay GST payable under this Act.   (2)   The cancellation does not apply if the provision of the other Act:   (a)   commences after this section commences; and   (b)   refers specifically to GST payable under this Act. 177 ‑ 10   Ministerial determinations   (1)   The * Aged Care Minister may, by legislative instrument, make a determination for the purposes of:   (b)   paragraph   38 ‑ 25(2)(b); or   (c)   paragraph   38 ‑ 25(3)(b); or   (ca)   paragraph   38 ‑ 25(3B)(a); or   (d)   paragraph   38 ‑ 30(4)(b).   (2)   The * Child Care Minister may, by legislative instrument, make a determination for the purposes of section   38 ‑ 150.   (3)   The * Student Assistance Minister may, by legislative instrument, make a determination under:   (a)   paragraphs   (a) and (b) of the definition of adult and community education course in the Dictionary; or   (b)   paragraph   (b) of the definition of primary course in the Dictionary; or   (c)   paragraph   (b) of the definition of secondary course in the Dictionary; or   (d)   paragraph   (b) of the definition of tertiary course in the Dictionary.   (4)   The * Health Minister may, by legislative instrument, make a determination for the purposes of:   (a)   paragraph   38 ‑ 15(c); or   (b)   subsection   38 ‑ 47(1); or   (c)   paragraph   38 ‑ 50(5)(b).   (5)   The * Disability Services Minister may, by legislative instrument, make a determination for the purposes of paragraph   38 ‑ 38(d).   (6)   Subsection   12(2) (retrospective application of legislative instruments) of the Legislation Act 2003 does not apply in relation to determinations made under subsection   (5) of this section. 177 ‑ 11   Delegation by Aged Care System Governor     The *Aged Care System Governor may, in writing, delegate his or her powers under paragraph   38 ‑ 25(3B)(b) to:   (a)   a person in relation to whom there is in force a delegation by the Aged Care System Governor of functions under D ivision   1 of Part   3 of Chapter   8 of the Aged Care Act 2024 ; or   (b)   a person:   (i)   who is a person of a kind specified in a determination that is in force and that is made by the * Aged Care Minister for the purposes of paragraph   38 ‑ 25(3B)(a); and   (ii)   whom the Aged Care System Governor is satisfied is qualified and experienced to make assessments of the kind referred to in paragraph   38 ‑ 25(3B)(b). 177 ‑ 12   GST implications of references to price, value etc. in other Acts   (1)   In any Act, unless the contrary intention appears, a reference to a * price relating to a supply, or proposed supply, is taken to include the * net GST (if any) that is, or would be, payable by an entity making the supply.   (2)   Subsection   (1) applies in relation to:   (a)   any fee or charge made, or required to be made; or   (b)   any * consideration provided, or required to be provided; for or in connection with the supply in the same way that it applies to a * price relating to a supply.   (3)   In any Act, unless the contrary intention appears, a reference to the value relating to a thing is taken not to include the GST (if any) that would be payable if an entity were to make a supply of the thing.   (4)   This section does not apply to:   (a)   this Act; or   (b)   the * ITAA 1997; or   (c)   the * Wine Tax Act; or   (d)   the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 ; or   (e)   Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 ; or   (f)   the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 ; or   (g)   the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 ; or   (h)   the Petroleum Resource Rent Tax Assessment Act 1987 . 177 ‑ 15   Regulations     The Governor ‑ General may make regulations prescribing matters:   (a)   required or permitted by this Act to be prescribed; or   (b)   necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to this Act. 177 ‑ 20   Review of provisions relating to offshore supplies of low value goods   (1)   By the day after this section commences, the Productivity Minister must, under Part   3 of the Productivity Commission Act 1998 , refer to the Productivity Commission for inquiry the matter of the amendments to this Act made by the amending Act, including:   (a)   the effectiveness of the amendments; and   (b)   whether models for collecting goods and services tax in relation to * offshore supplies of low value goods other than the amendments might be suitable (including evaluation of the effects of the models on Australian small businesses and * consumers); and   (c)   any other aspect the Productivity Commission considers relevant to the implementation of the amendments.   (2)   In referring the matter to the Productivity Commission for inquiry, the Productivity Minister must:   (a)   under paragraph   11(1)(a) of the Productivity Commission Act 1998 , require the Productivity Commission to hold hearings for the purposes of the inquiry; and   (b)   under paragraph   11(1)(b) of that Act, specify the period ending on 31   October 2017 as the period within which the Productivity Commission must submit its report on the inquiry; and   (c)   under paragraph   11(1)(d) of that Act, require the Productivity Commission to make recommendations in relation to the matter referred to in subsection   (1). Note:   Under section   12 of the Productivity Commission Act 1998 , the Productivity Minister must cause a copy of the Productivity Commission’s report to be tabled in each House of the Parliament.   (3)   The Productivity Minister must not withdraw the reference before the Productivity Minister has received the report.   (4)   For the purposes of paragraph   6(1)(a) of the Productivity Commission Act 1998 , the matter mentioned in subsection   (1) is taken to be a matter relating to industry, industry development and productivity.   (5)   In this section: amending Act means the Treasury Laws Amendment (GST Low Value Goods) Act 2017 . Productivity Minister means the Minister administering the Productivity Commission Act 1998 . Chapter   6 — Interpreting this Act Part   6 ‑ 1 — Rules for interpreting this Act Division   182 — Rules for interpreting this Act 182 ‑ 1   What forms part of this Act   (1)   These all form part of this Act:      the headings to the Chapters, Parts, Divisions and Subdivisions of this Act;      * explanatory sections;      the headings to the sections and subsections of this Act;      the headings for groups of sections of this Act (group headings);      the notes and examples (however described) that follow provisions of this Act.   (2)   The asterisks used to identify defined terms form part of this Act. However, if a term is not identified by an asterisk, disregard that fact in deciding whether or not to apply to that term a definition or other interpretation provision. 182 ‑ 5   What does not form part of this Act     These do not form part of this Act:      footnotes and endnotes;      Tables of Subdivisions. 182 ‑ 10   Explanatory sections, and their role in interpreting this Act   (1)   An explanatory section is:   (a)   any section that is the first section in a Division and that has as its heading “What this Division is about”; or   (b)   any section in Chapter   1 (other than sections   1 ‑ 1 and 1 ‑ 2); or   (c)   any section in Division   5 or 37; or   (d)   any section that is the last section in a Division or Subdivision of Chapter   2 and that has a checklist of special rules in Chapter   4; or   (e)   any section that a note states to be an explanatory section.   (2)   Explanatory sections form part of this Act, but they are not operative provisions. In interpreting an operative provision, an explanatory section may only be considered:   (a)   in determining the purpose or object underlying the provision; or   (b)   to confirm that the provision’s meaning is the ordinary meaning conveyed by its text, taking into account its context in this Act and the purpose or object underlying the provision; or   (c)   in determining the provision’s meaning if the provision is ambiguous or obscure; or   (d)   in determining the provision’s meaning if the ordinary meaning conveyed by its text, taking into account its context in this Act and the purpose or object underlying the provision, leads to a result that is manifestly absurd or is unreasonable. 182 ‑ 15   Schedules   1, 2 and 3     The second columns of the tables in Schedules   1, 2 and 3 are not operative. In interpreting an item in those tables, or any other operative provision, those columns may only be considered for a purpose for which an * explanatory section may be considered under subsection   182 ‑ 10(2). Part   6 ‑ 2 — Meaning of some important concepts Division   184 — Meaning of entity 184 ‑ 1   Entities   (1)   Entity means any of the following:   (a)   an individual;   (b)   a body corporate;   (c)   a corporation sole;   (d)   a body politic;   (e)   a * partnership;   (f)   any other unincorporated association or body of persons;   (g)   a trust;   (h)   a * superannuation fund. Note:   The term entity is used in a number of different but related senses. It covers all kinds of legal persons. It also covers groups of legal persons, and other things, that in practice are treated as having a separate identity in the same way as a legal person does.   (1A)   Paragraph   (1)(f) does not include a * non ‑ entity joint venture.   (2)   The trustee of a trust or of a * superannuation fund is taken to be an entity consisting of the person who is the trustee, or the persons who are the trustees, at any given time. Note 1:   This is because a right or obligation cannot be conferred or imposed on an entity that is not a legal person. Note 2:   The entity that is the trustee of a trust or fund does not change merely because of a change in the person who is the trustee of the trust or fund, or persons who are the trustees of the trust or fund.   (3)   A legal person can have a number of different capacities in which the person does things. In each of those capacities, the person is taken to be a different entity. Example:   In addition to his or her personal capacity, an individual may be:    sole trustee of one or more trusts; and    one of a number of trustees of a further trust.   In his or her personal capacity, he or she is one entity. As trustee of each trust, he or she is a different entity. The trustees of the further trust are a different entity again, of which the individual is a member.   (4)   If a provision refers to an entity of a particular kind, it refers to the entity in its capacity as that kind of entity, not to that entity in any other capacity. Example:   A provision that refers to a company does not cover a company in a capacity as trustee, unless it also refers to a trustee. Note:   For GST purposes, non ‑ profit sub ‑ entities are treated as entities (see Division   63), and government entities can be treated as entities (see Division   149). 184 ‑ 5   Supplies etc. by partnerships and other unincorporated bodies   (1)   For the avoidance of doubt, a supply, acquisition or importation made by or on behalf of a partner of a * partnership in his or her capacity as a partner:   (a)   is taken to be a supply, acquisition or importation made by the partnership; and   (b)   is not taken to be a supply, acquisition or importation made by that partner or any other partner of the partnership. Note:   Section   444 ‑ 30 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 deals with the liability of partners for the obligations imposed on a partnership under the GST law.   (2)   For the avoidance of doubt, a supply, acquisition or importation made by or on behalf of one or more members of the committee of management of an unincorporated association or body of persons (other than a * partnership), in their capacity as members of that committee:   (a)   is taken to be a supply, acquisition or importation made by the body; and   (b)   is not taken to be a supply, acquisition or importation made by any members of the association or body. Note:   Section   444 ‑ 5 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 deals with the liability of members of committees of management for the obligations imposed on an unincorporated association or body of persons under the GST law. Division   188 — Meaning of GST turnover 188 ‑ 1   What this Division is about In some important respects, the way that this Act applies to you depends on your GST turnover. There are several turnover thresholds, and whether your GST turnover meets a particular turnover threshold, or whether it does not exceed a particular turnover threshold , can determine how this Act applies to you. 188 ‑ 5   Explanation of the turnover thresholds     This table specifies the turnover thresholds and indicates how they affect the operation of this Act.   Turnover thresholds Item This turnover threshold ... Is relevant to working out: 1 Registration turnover threshold whether you are required to be registered (see section   23 ‑ 5). 2 Tax period turnover threshold whether tax periods must be monthly (see section   27 ‑ 15). 3 Cash accounting turnover threshold whether you can elect to account on a cash basis (see section   29 ‑ 40) 4 Electronic lodgment turnover threshold whether you must lodge GST returns electronically (see section   31 ‑ 25); whether you must pay amounts of GST electronically (see section   33 ‑ 10). 4AA Small enterprise turnover threshold whether you can choose to apply a simplified accounting method as a small enterprise entity (see section   123 ‑ 7) 4A Annual apportionment turnover threshold whether you can make an annual apportionment election (see subsection   131 ‑ 5(2)) 5 Instalment turnover threshold whether you can elect to pay GST by instalments (see subsection   162 ‑ 5(2)) Note 1:   The provisions referred to in the table indicate if the issue in relation to the turnover threshold in question is whether the threshold is met, or whether the threshold is not exceeded. Note 2:   Items   3, 4A and 5 of the table apply to you only if you do not carry on a business. Note 3:   This section is an explanatory section. 188 ‑ 10   Whether your GST turnover meets, or does not exceed, a turnover threshold   (1)   You have a GST turnover that meets a particular * turnover threshold if:   (a)   your * current GST turnover is at or above the turnover threshold, and the Commissioner is not satisfied that your * projected GST turnover is below the turnover threshold; or   (b)   your projected GST turnover is at or above the turnover threshold.   (2)   You have a GST turnover that does not exceed a particular * turnover threshold if:   (a)   your * current GST turnover is at or below the turnover threshold, and the Commissioner is not satisfied that your * projected GST turnover is above the turnover threshold; or   (b)   your projected GST turnover is at or below the turnover threshold.   (3)   Each of these is a turnover threshold :   (aaa)   the * annual apportionment turnover threshold;   (aa)   the * cash accounting turnover threshold;   (a)   the * electronic lodgment turnover threshold;   (ab)   the * instalment turnover threshold;   (b)   the * registration turnover threshold;   (ba)   the * small enterprise turnover threshold;   (c)   the * tax period turnover threshold. 188 ‑ 15   Current GST turnover General   (1)   Your current GST turnover at a time during a particular month is the sum of the * values of all the supplies that you have made, or are likely to make, during the 12 months ending at the end of that month, other than:   (a)   supplies that are * input taxed; or   (b)   supplies that are not for * consideration (and are not * taxable supplies under section   72 ‑ 5); or   (c)   supplies that are not made in connection with an * enterprise that you * carry on. Members of GST groups   (2)   If you are a * member of a * GST group, your current GST turnover at a time during a particular month is the sum of the * values of all the supplies that you or any other member of the group have made, or are likely to make, during the 12 months, other than:   (a)   supplies made from one member of the group to another member of the group; or   (b)   supplies that are * input taxed; or   (c)   supplies that are not for * consideration (and are not * taxable supplies under section   72 ‑ 5); or   (d)   supplies that are not made in connection with an * enterprise that you * carry on. Supplies that are disregarded   (3)   In working out your current GST turnover , disregard:   (a)   any supply that is not * connected with the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   any supply that is connected with the indirect tax zone because of paragraph   9 ‑ 25(5)(c), unless:   (i)   the supply is made to an * Australian consumer; and   (ii)   the supply is not * GST ‑ free; and   (iii)   the thing to be acquired under the right or option referred to in that paragraph is not goods or * real property; and   (d)   any * GST ‑ free supply made by a * non ‑ resident that does not make the supply through an * enterprise that the non ‑ resident * carries on in the indirect tax zone. 188 ‑ 20   Projected GST turnover General   (1)   Your projected GST turnover at a time during a particular month is the sum of the * values of all the supplies that you have made, or are likely to make, during that month and the next 11 months, other than:   (a)   supplies that are * input taxed; or   (b)   supplies that are not for * consideration (and are not * taxable supplies under section   72 ‑ 5); or   (c)   supplies that are not made in connection with an * enterprise that you * carry on. Members of GST groups   (2)   If you are a * member of a * GST group, your projected GST turnover at a time during a particular month is the sum of the * values of all the supplies that you or any other member of the group have made, or are likely to make, during that month and the next 11 months other than:   (a)   supplies made from one member of the group to another member of the group; or   (b)   supplies that are * input taxed; or   (c)   supplies that are not for * consideration (and are not * taxable supplies under section   72 ‑ 5); or   (d)   supplies that are not made in connection with an * enterprise that you * carry on. Supplies that are disregarded   (3)   In working out your projected GST turnover , disregard:   (a)   any supply that is not * connected with the indirect tax zone; and   (b)   any supply that is connected with the indirect tax zone because of paragraph   9 ‑ 25(5)(c), unless:   (i)   the supply is made to an * Australian consumer; and   (ii)   the supply is not * GST ‑ free; and   (iii)   the thing to be acquired under the right or option referred to in that paragraph is not goods or * real property; and   (d)   any * GST ‑ free supply made by a * non ‑ resident that does not make the supply through an * enterprise that the non ‑ resident * carries on in the indirect tax zone. 188 ‑ 22   Settlements of insurance claims to be disregarded     In working out your * current GST turnover or your * projected GST turnover, disregard any supply that you have made to the extent that the * consideration for the supply:   (a)   is a payment of * money or * digital currency, or a supply, by an insurer in settlement of a claim under an * insurance policy; or   (aa)   is a * CTP dual premium or election payment or supply, a * CTP hybrid payment or supply or a * CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply; or   (b)   is a payment of money, or a supply, by an * HIH rescue entity in the circumstances referred to in subsection   78 ‑ 120(1). Note:   Under Subdivision   78 ‑ B, your settlements of insurance claims can be treated as constituting supplies by insured entities. 188 ‑ 23   Supplies “reverse charged” under Division   83 or 86 not to be included in a recipient’s GST turnover     To avoid doubt, if the GST on a * taxable supply is, under Division   83 or 86, payable by the * recipient of the supply, that supply is disregarded in working out the * current GST turnover or the * projected GST turnover of the recipient. 188 ‑ 24   Supplies to which Subdivision   153 ‑ B applies   (1)   In working out your * current GST turnover or your * projected GST turnover, you may choose to treat the * value of any * taxable supply that, under subsection   153 ‑ 55(1), you are taken to make as an intermediary as being an amount equal to the difference between:   (a)   what is, apart from this section, the value of the supply; and   (b)   the value of the taxable supply that, under subsection   153 ‑ 55(2), is taken to be made to you in relation to the taxable supply that you are taken to make.   (2)   In working out your * current GST turnover or your * projected GST turnover, you may choose to treat the * value of any * taxable supply that, under subsection   153 ‑ 60(2), you are taken to make as an intermediary as being an amount equal to the difference between:   (a)   what is, apart from this section, the value of the supply; and   (b)   10 / 11 of the * consideration you provided or are liable to provide for the * creditable acquisition that, under subsection   153 ‑ 60(1), you are taken to make and that relates to that supply. 188 ‑ 25   Transfer of capital assets, and termination etc. of enterprise, to be disregarded     In working out your * projected GST turnover, disregard:   (a)   any supply made, or likely to be made, by you by way of transfer of ownership of a capital asset of yours; and   (b)   any supply made, or likely to be made, by you solely as a consequence of:   (i)   ceasing to carry on an * enterprise; or   (ii)   substantially and permanently reducing the size or scale of an enterprise. 188 ‑ 30   The value of non ‑ taxable supplies     For the purposes only of this Division, the value of a supply that is not a * taxable supply is taken to be 11 / 10 of what would be the * value of the supply if it were a taxable supply. For the basic rules on the value of taxable supplies, see Subdivision   9 ‑ C. 188 ‑ 32   The value of gambling supplies     For the purposes only of this Division, the value of all the * gambling supplies that an entity makes during a particular period is taken to be an amount equal to 11 times:   (a)   the entity’s * global GST amount for that period; or   (b)   if that period is not a tax period—what would have been the entity’s global GST amount for the period if that period had been a tax period. 188 ‑ 35   The value of loans     To the extent that a supply is constituted by a loan of * money or * digital currency, any repayment of the principal, and any obligation to repay the principal, is to be disregarded in working out the value of the supply. 188 ‑ 40   Supplies of employee services by overseas entities to be disregarded for the registration turnover threshold   (1)   In working out a * non ‑ resident’s * current GST turnover or * projected GST turnover in order to determine whether it meets the * registration turnover threshold, if:   (a)   the non ‑ resident makes a supply of the services of an employee of the non ‑ resident; and   (b)   the * recipient of the supply is the non ‑ resident’s * 100% subsidiary; and   (c)   the services that the employee performs for the recipient are performed in the indirect tax zone; disregard the supply to the extent that the payments that the non ‑ resident makes to the employee for performing those services would, if they were made by the recipient, be * withholding payments.   (2)   This section does not affect how to work out any * turnover threshold other than the * registration turnover threshold. Division   189 — Exceeding the financial acquisitions threshold 189 ‑ 1   What this Division is about You can be entitled to input tax credits for your acquisitions relating to financial supplies (even though financial supplies are input taxed) if you do not exceed the financial acquisitions threshold. 189 ‑ 5   Exceeding the financial acquisitions threshold—current acquisitions General   (1)   You exceed the financial acquisitions threshold at a time during a particular month if, assuming that all the * financial acquisitions you have made, or are likely to make, during the 12 months ending at the end of that month were made solely for a * creditable purpose, either or both of the following would apply:   (a)   the amount of all the input tax credits to which you would be entitled for those acquisitions would exceed $150,000 or such other amount specified in the regulations;   (b)   the amount of the input tax credits referred to in paragraph   (a) would be more than 10% of the total amount of the input tax credits to which you would be entitled for all your acquisitions and importations during that 12 months (including the financial acquisitions). Members of GST groups   (2)   If you are a * member of a * GST group, you exceed the financial acquisitions threshold at a time during a particular month if, assuming that all the * financial acquisitions you or any other member of the group have made, or are likely to make, during the 12 months ending at the end of that month were made solely for a * creditable purpose, either or both of the following would apply:   (a)   the amount of all the input tax credits to which you or any other member of the group would be entitled for those acquisitions would exceed $150,000 or such other amount specified in the regulations;   (b)   the amount of the input tax credits referred to in paragraph   (a) would be more than 10% of the total amount of the input tax credits to which you or any other member of the group would be entitled for all acquisitions and importations of any member of the group during that 12 months (including the financial acquisitions). 189 ‑ 10   Exceeding the financial acquisitions threshold—future acquisitions General   (1)   You exceed the financial acquisitions threshold at a time during a particular month if, assuming that all the * financial acquisitions you have made, or are likely to make, during that month and the next 11 months were made solely for a * creditable purpose, either or both of the following would apply:   (a)   the amount of all the input tax credits to which you would be entitled for those acquisitions would exceed $150,000 or such other amount specified in the regulations;   (b)   the amount of the input tax credits referred to in paragraph   (a) would be more than 10% of the total amount of the input tax credits to which you would be entitled for all your acquisitions and importations during those months (including the financial acquisitions). Members of GST groups   (2)   If you are a * member of a * GST group, you exceed the financial acquisitions threshold at a time during a particular month if, assuming that all the * financial acquisitions you or any other member of the group have made, or are likely to make, during that month and the next 11 months were made solely for a * creditable purpose, either or both of the following would apply:   (a)   the amount of all the input tax credits to which you or any other member of the group would be entitled for those acquisitions would exceed $150,000 or such other amount specified in the regulations;   (b)   the amount of the input tax credits referred to in paragraph   (a) would be more than 10% of the total amount of the input tax credits to which you or any other member of the group would be entitled for all acquisitions and importations of any member of the group during those months (including the financial acquisitions). 189 ‑ 15   Meaning of financial acquisition     A financial acquisition is an acquisition that relates to the making of a * financial supply (other than a financial supply consisting of a borrowing). Division   190 — 90% owned groups of companies 190 ‑ 1   90% owned groups     Two companies are members of the same 90% owned group if:   (a)   one of the companies has * at least a 90% stake in the other company; or   (b)   a third company has * at least a 90% stake in each of the two companies. 190 ‑ 5   When a company has at least a 90% stake in another company     A * company (the holding company ) has at least a 90% stake in another company (the subsidiary company ) if the holding company:   (a)   controls, or is able to control, at least 90% of the voting power in the subsidiary company (whether directly, or indirectly through one or more interposed companies); and   (b)   has the right to receive (whether directly, or indirectly through one or more interposed companies) at least 90% of any * dividends that the subsidiary company may pay; and   (c)   has the right to receive (whether directly, or indirectly through one or more interposed companies) at least 90% of any distribution of capital of the subsidiary company. Part   6 ‑ 3 — Dictionary Division   195 — Dictionary 195 ‑ 1   Dictionary     In this Act, except so far as the contrary intention appears: 90% owned group has the meaning given by section   190 ‑ 1. 100% subsidiary has the meaning given by section   975 ‑ 505 of the * ITAA 1997. ABN has the meaning given by section   41 of the A New Tax System (Australian Business Number) Act 1999 . account on a cash basis : you account on a cash basis while a choice you make under section   29 ‑ 40, or a permission of the Commissioner under section   29 ‑ 45 in relation to you, has effect. account on the same basis : 2 or more * companies account on the same basis if:   (a)   each company * accounts on a cash basis; or   (b)   none of the companies account on a cash basis. ACNC ‑ registered charity means an entity that is registered under the Australian Charities and Not ‑ for ‑ profits Commission Act 2012 as the type of entity mentioned in column 1 of item   1 of the table in subsection   25 ‑ 5(5) of that Act. ACNC ‑ registered religious institution means an institution that is:   (a)   an * ACNC ‑ registered charity; and   (b)   registered under the Australian Charities and Not ‑ for ‑ profits Commission Act 2012 as the subtype of entity mentioned in column 2 of item   4 of the table in subsection   25 ‑ 5(5) of that Act. acquisition has the meaning given by section   11 ‑ 10. actual application of a thing has the meaning given by section   129 ‑ 40. additional consideration includes the meaning given by subsection   133 ‑ 5(3). adjustment means an * increasing adjustment or a * decreasing adjustment. adjustment event has the meaning given by sections   19 ‑ 10 and 69 ‑ 50. adjustment note means a document that complies with the requirements of subsection   29 ‑ 75(1) and (if applicable) section   54 ‑ 50. adjustment period has the meaning given by Subdivision   129 ‑ B. adult and community education course means a course of study or instruction that is likely to add to the employment related skills of people undertaking the course and:   (a)   is of a kind determined by the * Student Assistance Minister to be an adult and community education course and is provided by, or on behalf of, a body:   (i)   that is a * higher education institution; or   (ii)   that is recognised, by a State or Territory authority, as a provider of courses of a kind described in the determination; or   (iii)   that is funded by a State or Territory on the basis that it is a provider of courses of a kind described in the determination; or   (b)   is determined by the Student Assistance Minister to be an adult and community education course. Aged Care Minister means the Minister administering the Aged Care Act 2024 . aged care service list means the list of services prescribed in the rules made under the Aged Care Act 2024 for the purposes of section   8 of that Act. Aged Care System Governor means the System Governor (within the meaning of the Aged Care Act 2024 ). aircraft’s stores has the meaning given by section   130C of the Customs Act 1901 . airport shop goods has the same meaning as in the Customs Act 1901 . amalgamated company , in relation to an * amalgamation, means the single * company that is, or will be, the result of the amalgamation, and that continues, or will continue, after the amalgamation. It may be one of the * amalgamating companies or a new company. amalgamating company , in relation to an * amalgamation, means any * company that amalgamates with one or more other companies under the amalgamation. amalgamation means any procedure, under an * Australian law or a * foreign law, by which 2 or more * companies amalgamate and continue as one company. amount includes a nil amount. annual apportionment election means an election made under section   131 ‑ 10. annual apportionment turnover threshold has the meaning given by subsection   131 ‑ 5(2). annual GST liability , for an * instalment tax period, has the meaning given by section   162 ‑ 145. annual tax period has the meaning given by section   151 ‑ 40. annual tax period election means an election made under section   151 ‑ 10. apply , in relation to a thing acquired or imported, has the meaning given by section   129 ‑ 55. appropriate percentage , for a * GST instalment quarter, has the meaning given by subsection   162 ‑ 175(5). approved form has the meaning given by section   388 ‑ 50 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . approved pathology practitioner means a person who is an approved pathology practitioner for the purposes of the Health Insurance Act 1973 . approved residential care home has the meaning given by section   7 of the Aged Care Act 2024 . approved valuation has the meaning given by subsection   75 ‑ 35(2). assessable income has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. assessable professional income has the meaning given by subsection   405 ‑ 20(1) of the * ITAA 1997. assessed GST , on:   (a)   a * taxable supply under section   78 ‑ 50 (settlements of insurance claim) or 105 ‑ 5 (supplies by creditors in satisfaction of debts); or   (b)   a * taxable importation; means the GST * assessed on the taxable supply or taxable importation. assessed net amount , for a * tax period, means the * net amount * assessed for the tax period. assessment has the meaning given by the * ITAA 1997. associate has the meaning given by section   318 of the * ITAA 1936. at least a 90% stake in a * company has the meaning given by section   190 ‑ 5. Australian ‑ based business recipient has the meaning given by subsection   9 ‑ 26(2). Australian Business Register means the register established under section   24 of the A New Tax System (Australian Business Number) Act 1999 . Australian Business Registrar means the Registrar of the * Australian Business Register. Australian consumer has the meaning given by subsection   9 ‑ 25(7) and affected by section   84 ‑ 100. Australian fee or charge means a fee or charge (however described), other than an * Australian tax, imposed under an * Australian law and payable to an * Australian government agency. Australian government agency has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. Australian law has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. Australian resident means a person who is a resident of Australia for the purposes of the * ITAA 1936. Australian tax means a tax (however described) imposed under an * Australian law. average income has the meaning given by subsection   392 ‑ 45(1) of the * ITAA 1997. average input tax credit fraction has the meaning given by section   79 ‑ 100. base year has the meaning given by sections   45 ‑ 320 and 45 ‑ 470 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . batch repair process has the meaning given by section   117 ‑ 5. beverage has the meaning given by subsection   38 ‑ 4(2). borrowing has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. business includes any profession, trade, employment, vocation or calling, but does not include occupation as an employee. business day has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. car has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. car limit has the meaning given by section   40 ‑ 230 of the * ITAA 1997. car parts , in relation to * cars, includes:   (a)   bodies for those cars (including insulated bodies, tank ‑ bodies, and other bodies designed for the transport or delivery of goods or other property of particular kinds); and   (b)   underbody hoists, and other equipment or apparatus of a kind ordinarily fitted to cars for use in connection with the transport or delivery of goods or other property by those road vehicles. carried on in the indirect tax zone , in relation to an * enterprise, has the meaning given by section   9 ‑ 27. carrying on an * enterprise includes doing anything in the course of the commencement or termination of the enterprise. cash accounting turnover threshold has the meaning given by subsection   29 ‑ 40(3). Child Care Minister means the Minister administering the Child Care Act 1972 and the family assistance law (within the meaning of section   3 of the A New Tax System (Family Assistance) (Administration) Act 1999 . commercial accommodation has the meaning given by section   87 ‑ 15. commercial residential premises means:   (a)   a hotel, motel, inn, hostel or boarding house; or   (b)   premises used to provide accommodation in connection with a * school; or   (c)   a * ship that is mainly let out on hire in the ordinary course of a * business of letting ships out on hire; or   (d)   a ship that is mainly used for * entertainment or transport in the ordinary course of a * business of providing ships for entertainment or transport; or   (da)   a marina at which one or more of the berths are occupied, or are to be occupied, by * ships used as residences; or   (e)   a caravan park or a camping ground; or   (f)   anything similar to * residential premises described in paragraphs   (a) to (e). However, it does not include premises to the extent that they are used to provide accommodation to students in connection with an * education institution that is not a * school. Commissioner means the Commissioner of Taxation. company means:   (a)   a body corporate; or   (b)   any other unincorporated association or body of persons; but does not include a * partnership or a * non ‑ entity joint venture. complying superannuation fund has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. Comptroller ‑ General of Customs has the same meaning as in the Customs Act 1901 . compulsory third party scheme is a scheme or arrangement:   (a)   that is established by an * Australian law; and   (b)   that is specified in the regulations, or that is of a kind specified in the regulations, made for the purposes of this definition. connected with the indirect tax zone , in relation to a supply, has the meaning given by sections   9 ‑ 25, 84 ‑ 75, 85 ‑ 5 and 126 ‑ 27. Note:   This meaning is also affected by sections   9 ‑ 26, 84 ‑ 83 and 96 ‑ 5. consideration , for a supply or acquisition, means any consideration, within the meaning given by sections   9 ‑ 15 and 9 ‑ 17, in connection with the supply or acquisition. Note:   This meaning is affected by sections   75 ‑ 12, 75 ‑ 13, 75 ‑ 14, 78 ‑ 20, 78 ‑ 35, 78 ‑ 45, 78 ‑ 50, 78 ‑ 65, 78 ‑ 70, 79 ‑ 60, 79 ‑ 65, 79 ‑ 80, 80 ‑ 15, 80 ‑ 55, 81 ‑ 5, 81 ‑ 10, 81 ‑ 15, 82 ‑ 5, 82 ‑ 10, 99 ‑ 5, 100 ‑ 5, 100 ‑ 12 and 102 ‑ 5. consolidated group has the meaning given by section   703 ‑ 5 of the * ITAA 1997. consumer has the meaning given by section   84 ‑ 75. contributing operator has the meaning given by subparagraph   80 ‑ 5(1)(c)(ii), 80 ‑ 40(1)(c)(ii) or 80 ‑ 80(1)(c)(ii). contributing operator’s payment has the meaning given by subsection   80 ‑ 5(3), 80 ‑ 40(3) or 80 ‑ 80(3). contribution amount has the meaning given by paragraph   721 ‑ 25(1)(b) of the * ITAA 1997. corrected GST amount has the meaning given by paragraph   19 ‑ 40(c). corrected input tax credit amount has the meaning given by paragraph   19 ‑ 70(c). course materials , in relation to an * education course, means materials provided by the entity supplying the course that are necessarily consumed or transformed by the students undertaking the course for the purposes of the course. creditable acquisition has the meaning given by section   11 ‑ 5. Note:   This meaning is affected by sections   49 ‑ 35, 60 ‑ 10, 69 ‑ 5, 72 ‑ 40, 75 ‑ 20, 78 ‑ 30, 84 ‑ 145, 90 ‑ 15, 93 ‑ 5, 93 ‑ 15 and 111 ‑ 5. creditable at less than 1 / 11 of the consideration has the meaning given by subsection   136 ‑ 50(2). creditable importation has the meaning given by section   15 ‑ 5. Note:   This meaning is affected by sections   60 ‑ 10 and 69 ‑ 5. creditable purpose :   (a)   in relation to the acquisition of a thing—has the meaning given by sections   11 ‑ 15 and 60 ‑ 20; and   (b)   in relation to the importation of a thing—has the meaning given by sections   15 ‑ 10 and 60 ‑ 20; and   (c)   in relation to the * application of a thing acquired or imported—has the meaning given by section   129 ‑ 50. Note:   This meaning is affected by section   70 ‑ 10. CTP ancillary payment or supply has the meaning given by subsection   79 ‑ 35(3). Note:   Section   79 ‑ 90 also treats certain payments or supplies as CTP ancillary payments or supplies. CTP compensation or ancillary payment or supply has the meaning given by subsection   79 ‑ 35(1). CTP compensation payment or supply has the meaning given by subsection   79 ‑ 35(2). Note:   Section   79 ‑ 90 also treats certain payments or supplies as CTP compensation payments or supplies. CTP dual premium or election payment or supply means a payment or supply to which section   79 ‑ 5 or 79 ‑ 15 applies. CTP hybrid payment or supply has the meaning given by section   79 ‑ 25. CTP premium , in relation to a * compulsory third party scheme, means:   (a)   a payment of a premium, contribution or similar payment under the scheme; or   (b)   a payment of levy in connection with the scheme. current GST lodgment record has the meaning given by section   162 ‑ 10. current GST turnover has the meaning given by section   188 ‑ 15. Note:   This meaning is affected by section   188 ‑ 22. customs clearance area means a place identified under section   234AA of the Customs Act 1901 . customs duty means any duty of customs imposed by that name under a law of the Commonwealth, other than:   (a)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition—Customs) Act 1999 ; or   (aa)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition (Recipients)—Customs) Act 2005 ; or   (b)   the A New Tax System (Wine Equalisation Tax Imposition—Customs) Act 1999 ; or   (c)   the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax Imposition—Customs) Act 1999 . customs value , in relation to goods, means the customs value of the goods for the purposes of Division   2 of Part   VIII of the Customs Act 1901 . dealer in precious metal means an entity that satisfies the Commissioner that a principal part of * carrying on its * enterprise is the regular supply and acquisition of * precious metal. decreasing adjustment means an amount arising under one of the following provisions:   Decreasing adjustments Item Provision Subject matter 1 Section   19 ‑ 55 Adjustment events (supplies) 2 Section   19 ‑ 85 Adjustment events (acquisitions) 3 Section   21 ‑ 5 Writing off bad debts (taxable supplies) 4 Section   21 ‑ 20 Recovering amounts previously written off (creditable acquisitions) 4AA Section   75 ‑ 27 Payments of further consideration for supplies relating to supplies of real property under the margin scheme 4A Section   78 ‑ 10 (including as it applies in accordance with Subdivision 79 ‑ A or 79 ‑ B or Division   80) Payments or supplies in settlement of insurance claims or under compulsory third party schemes 4B Subsection 79 ‑ 10(1) (including as it applies in accordance with Division   80) Decreasing adjustments under compulsory third party schemes 4C Section   79 ‑ 50 (including as it applies in accordance with Division   80) Decreasing adjustments under compulsory third party schemes 5 Section   129 ‑ 40 Changes in the extent of creditable purpose 6 Section   132 ‑ 5 Supplies of things acquired or imported to make supplies 6A Section   133 ‑ 5 Decreasing adjustments for additional consideration provided under gross ‑ up clauses 6B Section   134 ‑ 5 Third party payments 7 Section   137 ‑ 5 Stock on hand on becoming registered etc. Note:   Decreasing adjustments decrease your net amounts. dental practitioner has the meaning given by subsection   3(1) of the Health Insurance Act 1973 . deposit account : an account is a deposit account if:   (a)   the account is made available by an Australian ADI (within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 ) in the course of carrying on a banking business (within the meaning of the Banking Act 1959 ); and   (b)   amounts credited to the account represent money taken by the ADI on deposit (other than as part ‑ payment for identified goods or services); and   (c)   amounts credited to the account do not relate to a debenture (as defined in section   9 of the Corporations Act 2001 ) of the ADI. derived has a meaning affected by subsection   6 ‑ 5(4) of the * ITAA 1997. digital currency means digital units of value that:   (a)   are designed to be fungible; and   (b)   can be provided as * consideration for a supply; and   (c)   are generally available to members of the public without any substantial restrictions on their use as consideration; and   (d)   either:   (i)   are not denominated in any country’s currency; or   (ii)   are denominated in a currency that is not issued by, or under the authority of, an * Australian government agency or a foreign government agency (within the meaning of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997) ; and   (e)   do not have a value that depends on, or is derived from, the value of anything else; and   (f)   do not give an entitlement to receive, or to direct the supply of, a particular thing or things, unless the entitlement is incidental to:   (i)   holding the digital units of value; or   (ii)   using the digital units of value as consideration; but does not include a thing that, if supplied, would be a * financial supply for a reason other than being a supply of:   (g)   one or more digital units of value to which paragraphs   (a) to (f) apply; or   (h)   * money. Disability Services Minister means the Minister administering the National Disability Insurance Scheme Act 2013 . dividend has the meaning given by subsections   6(1), (4) and (5) of the * ITAA 1936. early net amount has the meaning given by subsection   162 ‑ 145(3). education course means:   (a)   a * pre ‑ school course; or   (b)   a * primary course; or   (c)   a * secondary course; or   (d)   a * tertiary course; or   (f)   a * special education course; or   (g)   an * adult and community education course; or   (h)   an * English language course for overseas students; or   (i)   a * first aid or life saving course; or   (j)   a * professional or trade course; or   (k)   a * tertiary residential college course. education institution has the meaning given by subsection   3(1) of the Student Assistance Act 1973 . electronic communication has the same meaning as in the Electronic Transactions Act 1999 . electronic distribution platform has the meaning given by section   84 ‑ 70. electronic lodgment turnover threshold has the meaning given by subsection   31 ‑ 25(4). electronic payment means a payment by way of electronic transmission, in an electronic format approved by the Commissioner. eligible Australian carbon credit unit means:   (a)   a Kyoto Australian carbon credit unit (within the meaning of the Carbon Credits (Carbon Farming Initiative) Act 2011 ); or   (b)   a non ‑ Kyoto Australian carbon credit unit (within the meaning of that Act) issued in relation to an eligible offsets project (within the meaning of that Act) for a reporting period (within the meaning of that Act), where:   (i)   if it were assumed that the reporting period had ended before the Kyoto abatement deadline (within the meaning of that Act), a Kyoto Australian carbon credit unit would have been issued in relation to the project for the reporting period instead of the non ‑ Kyoto Australian carbon credit unit; and   (ii)   the non ‑ Kyoto Australian carbon credit unit is not of a kind specified in the regulations; or   (c)   an Australian carbon credit unit (within the meaning of that Act) of a kind specified in the regulations. Subparagraph   (b)(ii) and paragraph   (c) do not, by implication, limit the application of subsection   13(3) of the Legislation Act 2003 to other instruments under this Act. eligible emissions unit means:   (a)   an * eligible international emissions unit; or   (b)   an * eligible Australian carbon credit unit. eligible international emissions unit has the same meaning as in the Australian National Registry of Emissions Units Act 2011 . employee share scheme has the meaning given by the * ITAA 1997. endorsed charity means an entity that is endorsed as a charity under subsection   176 ‑ 1(1). English language course for overseas students means a course of study or education supplied to overseas students that:   (a)   includes study or education in the English language; and   (b)   is supplied by an entity that is accredited to provide such courses by a State or Territory authority responsible for their accreditation. enterprise has the meaning given by section   9 ‑ 20. entertainment has the meaning given by section   32 ‑ 10 of the * ITAA 1997. entity has the meaning given by section   184 ‑ 1. essential prerequisite : a qualification is an essential prerequisite in relation to the entry to, or the commencement of the practice of, a particular profession or trade if the qualification is imposed:   (a)   by or under an * industrial instrument; or   (b)   if there is no industrial instrument for that profession or trade but there is a professional or trade association that has uniform national requirements relating to the entry to, or the commencement of the practice of, the profession or trade concerned—by that association; or   (c)   if neither paragraph   (a) nor (b) applies but there is a professional or trade association in a State or Territory that has requirements relating to the entry to, or the commencement of the practice of, the profession or trade concerned—by that association. estimated annual GST amount has the meaning given by section   162 ‑ 140. exceed the financial acquisitions threshold has the meaning given by Division   189. excisable goods has the meaning given by subsection   4(1) of the Excise Act 1901 . excise duty means any duty of excise imposed by that name under a law of the Commonwealth. exempt entity has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. expense payment benefit means a * fringe benefit that is a benefit of a kind referred to in section   20 of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 . explanatory section has the meaning given by section   182 ‑ 10. family member has the meaning given by subsection   48 ‑ 15(2). farming business has the meaning given by subsection   38 ‑ 475(2). FBT year means a year beginning on 1   April. Finance Minister means the Minister administering the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013 . financial acquisition has the meaning given by section   189 ‑ 15. financial supply has the meaning given by the regulations made for the purposes of subsection   40 ‑ 5(2). financial year means a period of 12 months beginning on 1   July. first aid or life saving course means a course of study or instruction that:   (a)   principally involves training individuals in one or more of the following:   (i)   first aid, resuscitation or other similar life saving skills including personal aquatic survival skills but not including swimming lessons;   (ii)   surf life saving;   (iii)   aero ‑ medical rescue; and   (b)   is provided by an entity:   (i)   that is registered (or otherwise approved) by a State or Territory authority that has responsibility for registering (or otherwise approving) entities that provide such courses; or   (ii)   that is approved to provide such courses by a State or Territory body that has responsibility for approving the provision of such courses; or   (iii)   that uses, as the instructor for the course, a person who holds a training qualification for that course that was issued by Austswim Limited (ACN 097   784   122); or   (iv)   that uses, as the instructor for the course, a person who holds a training qualification for that course that was issued by Surf Life Saving Australia Limited (ACN 003   147   180); or   (v)   that uses, as the instructor for the course, a person who holds a training qualification for that course that was issued by The Royal Life Saving Society—Australia (ACN 008   594   616); or   (vi)   that uses, as the instructor for the course, a person who holds a training qualification for that course that is a qualification (in life saving) specified in, or of a kind specified in, the regulations. floating home means a structure that is composed of a floating platform and a building designed to be occupied (regardless of the term of occupation) as a residence that is permanently affixed to the platform, but does not include any structure that has means of, or is capable of being readily adapted for, self ‑ propulsion. food has the meaning given by section   38 ‑ 4. foreign law has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. Foreign Minister means the Minister administering the Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities Act 1967 . formation , in relation to a * GST joint venture, means 2 or more entities becoming * participants in the joint venture as mentioned in subsection   51 ‑ 7(1). freight container means a container within the meaning of the Customs Convention on Containers, 1972, signed in Geneva on 2   December 1972, as affected by any amendment of the Convention that has come into force. fringe benefit has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997 but includes a benefit within the meaning of subsection   136(1) of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 that is an exempt benefit for the purposes of that Act. fringe benefits tax means tax imposed by the Fringe Benefits Tax Act 1986 . fund ‑ raising event has the meaning given by section   40 ‑ 165. futures exchange means:   (a)   a body corporate in relation to which an approval under section   1126 of the Corporations Act 2001 is in force, or is taken to be in force because of subsection   1126(3) of that Act; or   (b)   a body corporate that is recognised as a futures exchange in a foreign country and operates as a futures exchange under the laws of that country. gambling event has the meaning given by subsection   126 ‑ 35(2). gambling supply has the meaning given by subsection   126 ‑ 35(1). general interest charge means the charge worked out under Part   IIA of the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . gift ‑ deductible entity : an entity is a gift ‑ deductible entity if gifts or contributions made to it can be deductible under Division   30 of the * ITAA 1997. gift ‑ deductible purpose , of an entity, means a purpose that is the principal purpose of:   (a)   if the entity legally owns a fund for the operation of which the entity is entitled, under subsection   30 ‑ 125(2) of the * ITAA 1997, to be so endorsed—that fund; or   (b)   if the entity includes an authority or institution for the operation of which the entity is entitled, under subsection   30 ‑ 125(2) of the ITAA 1997, to be so endorsed—that authority or institution. global GST amount has the meaning given by sections   126 ‑ 10, 126 ‑ 15 and 126 ‑ 20. goods means any form of tangible personal property. government entity has the meaning given by section   41 of the A New Tax System (Australian Business Number) Act 1999 . government related entity is:   (a)   a * government entity; or   (b)   an entity that would be a government entity but for subparagraph   (e)(i) of the definition of government entity in the A New Tax System (Australian Business Number) Act 1999 ; or   (c)   a local governing body established by or under a * State law or * Territory law. government school means a * school that:   (a)   supplies any of these kinds of * education courses:   (i)   * pre ‑ school courses;   (ii)   full ‑ time * primary courses;   (iii)   full ‑ time * secondary courses;     (whether or not the school supplies any other education courses); and   (b)   is conducted by or on behalf of an * Australian government agency; and includes a proposed school that will meet the requirements of paragraphs   (a) and (b) once it starts operation. group liability of a * head company of a * consolidated group or a * MEC group has the meaning given by paragraph   721 ‑ 10(1)(a) of the * ITAA 1997. GST means tax that is payable under the * GST law and imposed as goods and services tax by any of these:   (a)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition—General) Act 1999 ; or   (b)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition—Customs) Act 1999 ; or   (c)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition—Excise) Act 1999 ; or   (d)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition (Recipients)—General) Act 2005 ; or   (e)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition (Recipients)—Customs) Act 2005 ; or   (f)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Imposition (Recipients)—Excise) Act 2005 . GST benefit has the meaning given by subsection   165 ‑ 10(1). GST branch has the meaning given by section   54 ‑ 5. GST branch registration number , of a branch, means the branch’s GST branch registration number notified under section   54 ‑ 15. GST disadvantage has the meaning given by subsection   165 ‑ 45(2). GST exclusive market value , in relation to a supply or acquisition:   (a)   other than of a * luxury car—is 10 / 11 of the * GST inclusive market value of the supply or acquisition; or   (b)   of a * luxury car—is 10 / 11 of the * GST inclusive market value of the luxury car (excluding any * luxury car tax that is, or would be, payable on the supply of that car). GST exclusive value :   (a)   in relation to an acquisition:   (i)   other than of a * luxury car—means 10 / 11 of the * price of the supply of the thing being acquired; or   (ii)   of a * luxury car—means 10 / 11 of the * price of the supply of the luxury car (excluding any * luxury car tax payable on the supply); and   (b)   in relation to an importation that is a * taxable importation, means the * value of the importation; and   (c)   in relation to an importation that is not a taxable importation, means the amount that would be the value of the importation if it were a taxable importation. GST ‑ free has the meaning given by subsection   9 ‑ 30(1) and Division   38. GST group has the meaning given by section   48 ‑ 5. GST inclusive market value of:   (a)   * consideration in connection with a supply; or   (b)   a thing, or a supply or acquisition of a thing; means the market value of the consideration or thing, without any discount for any amount of GST or * luxury car tax payable on the supply. GST instalment has the meaning given by subsection   162 ‑ 70(1). GST instalment payer has the meaning given by section   162 ‑ 50. GST instalment quarter has the meaning given by subsections   162 ‑ 70(2) and (3). GST instalment shortfall , for a * GST instalment quarter in relation to which you are liable to pay a penalty under Subdivision   162 ‑ D, means:   (a)   if the penalty is payable under section   162 ‑ 175—the amount worked out under subsection   162 ‑ 175(3) or paragraph   162 ‑ 175(4)(c) (whichever is applicable); or   (b)   if the penalty is payable under section   162 ‑ 180—the amount worked out under subsection   162 ‑ 180(3) or paragraph   162 ‑ 180(4)(c) (whichever is applicable); or   (c)   if the penalty is payable under section   162 ‑ 185—the amount worked out under subsection   162 ‑ 185(3). Note:   The amount of a GST instalment shortfall can be reduced under section   162 ‑ 195 or 162 ‑ 200 (or both). GST joint venture has the meaning given by section   51 ‑ 5. GST law means:   (a)   this Act; and   (b)   any Act that imposes GST; and   (c)   the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax Transition) Act 1999 ; and   (d)   the Taxation Administration Act 1953 , so far as it relates to any Act covered by paragraphs   (a) to (c); and   (e)   any other Act, so far as it relates to any Act covered by paragraphs   (a) to (d) (or to so much of that Act as is covered); and   (f)   regulations under any Act, so far as they relate to any Act covered by paragraphs   (a) to (e) (or to so much of that Act as is covered). GST religious group has the meaning given by section   49 ‑ 5. GST return means a return of the kind referred to in Division   31, that complies with all the requirements of sections   31 ‑ 15 and 31 ‑ 25 of this Act and section   388 ‑ 75 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 , and includes a return given in accordance with section   58 ‑ 50 of this Act. GST turnover :   (a)   in relation to meeting a * turnover threshold—has the meaning given by subsection   188 ‑ 10(1); and   (b)   in relation to not exceeding a * turnover threshold—has the meaning given by subsection   188 ‑ 10(2). head company of a * consolidated group or a * MEC group has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. Health Minister means the Minister administering the National Health Act 1953 . higher education institution means an entity that is a higher education provider as defined in section   16 ‑ 1 of the Higher Education Support Act 2003 . HIH company has the meaning given by section   322 ‑ 5 of the * ITAA 1997. HIH rescue entity means:   (a)   the HIH Claims Support Trust (established on 6   July 2001); or   (b)   the Commonwealth; or   (c)   an entity prescribed for the purposes of subsection   322 ‑ 5(1) of the * ITAA 1997. hire purchase agreement has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. hospital treatment has the same meaning as in the Private Health Insurance Act 2007 . hybrid settlement sharing arrangement has the meaning given by subsection   80 ‑ 80(1). import means import goods into the indirect tax zone. inbound intangible consumer supply has the meaning given by section   84 ‑ 65. incapacitated entity means:   (a)   an individual who is a bankrupt; or   (b)   an entity that is in liquidation or receivership; or   (c)   an entity that has a * representative. incidental valuable metal goods means goods:   (a)   acquired for the purposes of sale or exchange (but not for manufacture) in the ordinary course of * business; and   (b)   that consist wholly or partly of * valuable metal; and   (c)   in relation to which any of the following applies:   (i)   the goods are collectables or antiques, and the goods are not * precious metals;   (ii)   at the time of the acquisition, the market value of the goods exceeds the * valuable metal threshold;   (iii)   the goods are in a class determined by the Minister, by legislative instrument, for the purposes of this subparagraph. income year has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. increasing adjustment means an amount arising under one of the following provisions:   Increasing adjustments Item Provision Subject matter 1 Section   19 ‑ 50 Adjustment events (supplies) 2 Section   19 ‑ 80 Adjustment events (acquisitions) 3 Section   21 ‑ 10 Recovering amounts previously written off (taxable supplies) 4 Section   21 ‑ 15 Bad debts written off (creditable acquisitions) 4AAA Section   75 ‑ 22 Input tax credit entitlements for acquisitions relating to supplies of real property under the margin scheme 4AA Section   78 ‑ 18 (including as it applies in accordance with Subdivision   79 ‑ B or Division   80) Payments of excess etc. under insurance policies or compulsory third party schemes 4AB Subsection   79 ‑ 10(2) (including as it applies in accordance with Division   80) Increasing adjustments under compulsory third party schemes 4AC Section   79 ‑ 55 (including as it applies in accordance with Division   80) Increasing adjustments under compulsory third party schemes 4AD Section   80 ‑ 30 Increasing adjustments under insurance policy settlement sharing arrangements 4AE Section   80 ‑ 70 Increasing adjustments under nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangements 4A Section   100 ‑ 15 Unredeemed vouchers 5 Section   129 ‑ 40 Changes in the extent of creditable purpose 5A Section   130 ‑ 5 Goods applied solely to private or domestic use 5B Section   131 ‑ 55 Annually apportioned acquisitions and importations 6 Section   134 ‑ 10 Third party payments 7 Section   135 ‑ 5 Supplies of going concerns 8 Section   138 ‑ 5 Cessation of registration 8A Section   139 ‑ 5 Distributions from deceased estates 9 Section   141 ‑ 50 Tradex scheme goods Note:   Increasing adjustments increase your net amounts. indirect tax zone means Australia (within the meaning of the * ITAA 1997), but does not include any of the following:   (a)   the external Territories;   (b)   an offshore area for the purpose of the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006 ; other than an installation (within the meaning of the Customs Act 1901 ) that is deemed by section   5C of the Customs Act 1901 to be part of Australia and that is located in an offshore area. individual means a natural person. industrial instrument has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. ineligible for the margin scheme has the meaning given by subsections   75 ‑ 5(3) and (4). inherit : you inherit a freehold interest in land, a stratum unit or a long ‑ term lease if you become an owner of the interest, unit or lease:   (a)   under the will of a deceased person, or that will as varied by a court order; or   (b)   by operation of an intestacy law, or such a law as varied by a court order; or   (c)   because it is appropriated to you by the legal personal representative of a deceased person in satisfaction of a pecuniary legacy or some other interest or share in the deceased person’s estate; or   (d)   under a deed of arrangement if:   (i)   you entered into the deed to settle a claim to participate in the distribution of the deceased person’s estate; and   (ii)   any * consideration given by you for the interest, unit or lease consisted only of the variation or waiver of a claim to one or more other assets that formed part of the estate. input tax credit means an entitlement arising under section   11 ‑ 20 or 15 ‑ 15. input taxed has the meaning given by subsection   9 ‑ 30(2) and Division   40. instalment tax period has the meaning given by subsection   162 ‑ 55(3). instalment turnover threshold has the meaning given by subsection   162 ‑ 5(2). insurance broker has the meaning given by section   11 of the Insurance Contracts Act 1984 . insurance policy means a policy of insurance (or of reinsurance) against loss, damage, injury or risk of any kind, whether under a contract or a law. However, it does not include such a policy to the extent that it does not relate to insurance (or reinsurance) against loss, damage, injury or risk of any kind. insurance policy settlement sharing arrangement has the meaning given by subsection   80 ‑ 5(1). intended or former application of a thing has the meaning given by section   129 ‑ 40. international transport means:   (a)   in relation to the export of goods—the transport of the goods from their * place of export in the indirect tax zone to a destination outside the indirect tax zone; or   (b)   in relation to the import of goods—the transport of the goods from a place outside the indirect tax zone to their * place of consignment in the indirect tax zone. invoice means a document notifying an obligation to make a payment. inwards duty free shop has the same meaning as in section   96B of the Customs Act 1901 . ITAA 1936 means the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 . ITAA 1997 means the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 . joint venture operator , of a * GST joint venture, is the entity last nominated in relation to the joint venture as mentioned in paragraph   51 ‑ 5(1)(ea) or 51 ‑ 70(1)(c), but does not include an entity that does not satisfy the requirements of paragraphs 51 ‑ 10(c) and (f). legal practitioner means a person who is enrolled as a barrister, a solicitor or a barrister and solicitor of:   (a)   a federal court; or   (b)   a court of a State or Territory. life insurance policy means a policy of insurance on the life of an individual. limited registration entity has the meaning given by section   146 ‑ 5. liquidator has the meaning given by subsection   6(1) of the * ITAA 1936. local entry has the meaning given by section   5 ‑ 30 of the * Wine Tax Act. lodged electronically has the meaning given by subsection   31 ‑ 25(3). long ‑ term accommodation has the meaning given by subsection   87 ‑ 20(1). long ‑ term lease means a supply by way of lease, hire or licence (including a renewal or extension of a lease, hire or licence) for at least 50 years if:   (a)   at the time of the lease, hire or licence, or the renewal or extension of the lease, hire or licence, it was reasonable to expect that it would continue for at least 50 years; and   (b)   unless the supplier is an * Australian government agency—the terms of the lease, hire or licence, or the renewal or extension of the lease, hire or licence, as they apply to the * recipient are substantially the same as those under which the supplier held the premises. luxury car has the same meaning as in section   25 ‑ 1 of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 . luxury car tax has the meaning given by section   27 ‑ 1 of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 . luxury car tax law has the meaning given in section   27 ‑ 1 of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 . managing operator has the meaning given by subparagraph   80 ‑ 5(1)(c)(i), 80 ‑ 40(1)(c)(i) or 80 ‑ 80(1)(c)(i). managing operator’s payment or supply has the meaning given by subsection   80 ‑ 5(2), 80 ‑ 40(2) or 80 ‑ 80(2). margin , in relation to a * taxable supply of * real property, has the meaning given by sections   75 ‑ 10, 75 ‑ 11 and 75 ‑ 16. Note:   This meaning is affected by sections   75 ‑ 12 to 75 ‑ 15. margin scheme : a * taxable supply of * real property is under the margin scheme if subsection   75 ‑ 5(1) applies. MEC group has the meaning given by section   719 ‑ 5 of the * ITAA 1997. medical practitioner means a person who is a medical practitioner for the purposes of the Health Insurance Act 1973 . medical service means:   (a)   a service for which medicare benefit is payable under Part   II of the Health Insurance Act 1973 ; or   (aa)   a service for which medicare benefit would be payable under that Part   if section 19AD of that Act were disregarded; or   (b)   any other service supplied by or on behalf of a * medical practitioner or * approved pathology practitioner that is generally accepted in the medical profession as being necessary for the appropriate treatment of the * recipient of the supply. member :   (a)   in relation to a * GST group—has the meaning given by section   48 ‑ 7; or   (b)   in relation to a * GST religious group—means an entity currently approved as one of the members of the group under section   49 ‑ 5 or paragraph   49 ‑ 70(1)(a); or   (c)   in relation to a * consolidated group—has the meaning given by section   703 ‑ 15 of the * ITAA 1997. mineral deposit means a deposit of * minerals, and includes a deposit of sand or gravel. minerals has the meaning given by section   40 ‑ 730 of the * ITAA 1997. monetary prize means:   (a)   any prize, or part of a prize, in the form of * money or * digital currency; or   (b)   if the prize is given at a casino—any prize, or part of a prize, in the form of:   (i)   money or digital currency; or   (ii)   gambling chips that may be redeemed for money or digital currency. money includes:   (a)   currency (whether of Australia or of any other country); and   (b)   promissory notes and bills of exchange; and   (c)   any negotiable instrument used or circulated, or intended for use or circulation, as currency (whether of Australia or of any other country); and   (d)   postal notes and money orders; and   (e)   whatever is supplied as payment by way of:   (i)   credit card or debit card; or   (ii)   crediting or debiting an account; or   (iii)   creation or transfer of a debt. However, it does not include:   (f)   a collector’s piece; or   (g)   an investment article; or   (h)   an item of numismatic interest; or   (i)   currency the market value of which exceeds its stated value as legal tender in the country of issue; or   (j)   one or more digital units of value to which paragraphs   (a) to (f) of the definition of digital currency apply. net amount , for a tax period, has the meaning given by section   17 ‑ 5. However:   (a)   it has the meaning given by section   162 ‑ 105 if the tax period is an * instalment tax period; or   (b)   it has the meaning given by section   123 ‑ 15 if a choice under Division   123 to apply a * simplified accounting method has effect during the tax period, and paragraph   (a) does not apply; or   (c)   it has the meaning given by section   126 ‑ 5 if you are liable for GST on a * gambling supply that is attributable to the tax period, and paragraphs   (a) and (b) do not apply. Note:   Subdivision   21 ‑ A of the Wine Tax Act and Subdivision   13 ‑ A of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 can affect the net amount. net capital loss has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. net GST : the net GST that is or would be payable by an entity for a supply is:   (a)   the GST that is or would be payable by the entity on the supply; plus   (b)   the sum of any * increasing adjustments that the entity has or would have relating to the supply; minus   (c)   the sum of any * decreasing adjustments that the entity has or would have relating to the supply. net refund position has the meaning given by subsection   162 ‑ 5(3). new recreational boat has the meaning given by subsection   38 ‑ 185(5). new residential premises has the meaning given by section   40 ‑ 75. nominal defendant settlement sharing arrangement has the meaning given by subsection   80 ‑ 40(1). non ‑ cash benefit has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. non ‑ creditable insurance event has the meaning given by subsection   78 ‑ 10(3). non ‑ deductible expense has the meaning given by subsections   69 ‑ 5(3) and (3A). non ‑ entity joint venture has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. non ‑ government higher education institution means an institution that is not a * higher education institution and that:   (a)   is established as a non ‑ government higher education institution under the law of a State or Territory; or   (b)   is registered by a State or Territory higher education recognition authority. non ‑ profit association means an entity all the members of which are non ‑ profit bodies. Non ‑ profit sub ‑ entity has the meaning given by subsection   63 ‑ 15(3). non ‑ resident means an entity that is not an * Australian resident. non ‑ taxable importation has the meaning given by section   13 ‑ 10 and Division   42. notified instalment amount has the meaning given by subsection   162 ‑ 135(1). officer has the meaning given by the Corporations Act 2001 . offshore supply of low value goods has the meaning given by section   84 ‑ 77. operator of a * compulsory third party scheme means an entity that is required to make payments or supplies in settlement of claims under the scheme. outwards duty free shop has the same meaning as in section   96A of the Customs Act 1901 . overdue : a debt is overdue if there has been a failure to discharge the debt, and that failure is a breach of the debtor’s obligations in relation to the debt. participant , in relation to a * GST joint venture, has the meaning given by section   51 ‑ 7. partly creditable :   (a)   in relation to an acquisition, has the meaning given by sections   11 ‑ 30 and 70 ‑ 20; or   (b)   in relation to an importation, has the meaning given by section   15 ‑ 25. partnership has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. passed on has a meaning affected by section   142 ‑ 25. period of review , for an * assessment, has the meaning given by section   155 ‑ 35 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . person includes a * company. place of consignment of goods means:   (a)   if the goods are posted to a place in the indirect tax zone—the place in the indirect tax zone to which the goods are addressed; or   (aa)   if the supplier of the goods is to deliver the goods to a place in the indirect tax zone—the place in the indirect tax zone to which the goods are to be delivered under the contract for the supply of the goods; or   (ab)   if:   (i)   neither paragraph   (a) nor (aa) applies; and   (ii)   the goods are to be transported into the indirect tax zone by an entity supplying a transport service to an entity that is to import the goods into the indirect tax zone;     the place in the indirect tax zone to which the goods are to be delivered under the contract for the supply of the transport service; or   (b)   in any other case—the port or airport of final destination as indicated on the * transportation document. place of export of goods means:   (a)   if the goods were posted from a place in the indirect tax zone—the place from which they were posted; or   (b)   if paragraph   (a) does not apply and the goods were packed in a * freight container:   (i)   the last place from which they were collected, or to which they were delivered, prior to being so packed; or   (ii)   if subparagraph   (i) does not apply—the place where they were so packed; or   (c)   if the goods are self transported goods—the place, or last place, from which the goods departed the indirect tax zone; or   (d)   if paragraphs   (a), (b) and (c) do not apply—the place, or first place, where the goods were placed on board a ship or aircraft for export from the indirect tax zone. potential residential land means land that it is permissible to use for residential purposes, but that does not contain any buildings that are * residential premises. precious metal means:   (a)   gold (in an investment form) of at least 99.5% fineness; or   (b)   silver (in an investment form) of at least 99.9% fineness; or   (c)   platinum (in an investment form) of at least 99% fineness; or   (d)   any other substance (in an investment form) specified in the regulations of a particular fineness specified in the regulations. predominantly for long ‑ term accommodation has the meaning given by subsection   87 ‑ 20(3). pre ‑ establishment acquisition has the meaning given by section   60 ‑ 15. pre ‑ establishment importation has the meaning given by section   60 ‑ 15. premises , in relation to a supply of * food, has the meaning given by section   38 ‑ 5. premium selection test is satisfied has the meaning given by subsection   79 ‑ 5(2). prepaid phone card or facility has the meaning given by subsection   100 ‑ 25(2). pre ‑ school course means a course that is delivered:   (a)   in accordance with a pre ‑ school curriculum recognised by:   (i)   the education authority of the State or Territory in which the course is delivered; or   (ii)   a State or Territory body that has the responsibility for recognising pre ‑ school curricula for courses delivered in that State or Territory; and   (b)   by a * school that is recognised as a pre ‑ school under the law of the State or Territory. previously attributed GST amount has the meaning given by section   19 ‑ 45. previously attributed input tax credit amount has the meaning given by section   19 ‑ 75. price , in relation to a supply, has the meaning given by sections   9 ‑ 75 and 84 ‑ 20. primary course means:   (a)   a course of study or instruction that is delivered:   (i)   in accordance with a primary curriculum recognised by the education authority of the State or Territory in which the course is delivered; and   (ii)   by a * school that is recognised as a primary school under the law of the State or Territory; or   (b)   any other course of study or instruction that the * Student Assistance Minister has determined is a primary course for the purposes of this Act. primary production business has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. principal member , for a * GST religious group, is the * member of the group nominated as mentioned in paragraph   49 ‑ 5(c), or approved as a replacement principal member for the group under paragraph   49 ‑ 70(1)(c). private health insurance means insurance provided under a contract of insurance that was entered into by a private health insurer (within the meaning of the Private Health Insurance Act 2007 ) in the course of carrying on health insurance business (within the meaning of Division   121 of that Act). professional or trade course means a course leading to a qualification that is an * essential prerequisite:   (a)   for entry to a particular profession or trade in Australia; or   (b)   to commence the practice of (but not to maintain the practice of) a profession or trade in Australia. professional service has the meaning given by subsection   3(1) of the Health Insurance Act 1973 . projected GST turnover has the meaning given by section   188 ‑ 20. Note:   This meaning is affected by sections   188 ‑ 22 and 188 ‑ 25. property subdivision plan means a plan:   (a)   for the division of * real property; and   (b)   that is registered (however described) under an * Australian law. Note:   Examples are strata title plans and plans to subdivide land. quarterly tax period has the meaning given by subsection   31 ‑ 8(2). real property includes:   (a)   any interest in or right over land; or   (b)   a personal right to call for or be granted any interest in or right over land; or   (c)   a licence to occupy land or any other contractual right exercisable over or in relation to land. recipient , in relation to a supply, means the entity to which the supply was made. recipient created tax invoice has the meaning given by subsection   29 ‑ 70(3). recipients contribution has the meaning given by subsection   136(1) of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 but includes any consideration paid in respect of the provision of a benefit that is an exempt benefit for the purposes of that Act. recipient’s payment has the meaning given by paragraph   9(2)(e) or 10(3)(c) of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 . recognised professional : a person is a recognised professional, in relation to the supply of a service of a kind specified in the table in subsection   38 ‑ 10(1), if:   (a)   the service is supplied in a State or Territory in which the person has a permission or approval, or is registered, under a * State law or a * Territory law prohibiting the supply of services of that kind without such permission, approval or registration; or   (b)   the service is supplied in a State or Territory in which there is no State law or Territory law requiring such permission, approval or registration, and the person is a member of a professional association that has uniform national registration requirements relating to the supply of services of that kind; or   (c)   in the case of services covered by item   3 in the table—the service is supplied by an accredited service provider within the meaning of section   4 of the Hearing Services Administration Act 1997 . recognised tax adviser has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. redeliverer , of a * supply of low value goods, has the meaning given by subsection   84 ‑ 77(4). reduced credit acquisition has the meaning given by section   70 ‑ 5. refiner of precious metal means an entity that satisfies the Commissioner that it regularly converts or refines * precious metal in * carrying on its * enterprise. registered means:   (a)   in relation to an entity—registered under Part   2 ‑ 5; or   (b)   in relation to a branch of an entity—registered under Division   54. registration turnover threshold has the meaning given by sections   23 ‑ 15 and 63 ‑ 25. relates to business finance has the meaning given by subsection   129 ‑ 10(3). relevant traveller :   (a)   in relation to goods that are exported—has the same meaning as in section   96A of the Customs Act 1901 ; and   (b)   in relation to goods that are * airport shop goods—has the same meaning as in section   96B of the Customs Act 1901 . religious practitioner means:   (a)   a minister of religion; or   (b)   a student at an institution who is undertaking a course of instruction in the duties of a minister of religion; or   (c)   a full ‑ time member of a religious order; or   (d)   a student at a college conducted solely for training persons to become members of religious orders. representative means:   (a)   a trustee in bankruptcy; or   (b)   a * liquidator; or   (c)   a receiver; or   (ca)   a controller (within the meaning of section   9 of the Corporations Act 2001 ); or   (d)   an administrator appointed to an entity under Division   2 of Part   5.3A of the Corporations Act 2001 ; or   (e)   a person appointed, or authorised, under an * Australian law to manage the affairs of an entity because it is unable to pay all its debts as and when they become due and payable; or   (f)   an administrator of a deed of company arrangement executed by the entity. representative member , of a * GST group, is the * member of the group last nominated as mentioned in paragraph   48 ‑ 5(1)(d) or 48 ‑ 70(1)(c). required to be registered has the meaning given by sections   23 ‑ 5, 57 ‑ 20, 58 ‑ 20 and 144 ‑ 5. resident agent means an agent that is an * Australian resident. residential premises means land or a building that:   (a)   is occupied as a residence or for residential accommodation; or   (b)   is intended to be occupied, and is capable of being occupied, as a residence or for residential accommodation; (regardless of the term of the occupation or intended occupation) and includes a * floating home. retailer means an entity that, in the course or furtherance of * carrying on its * enterprise, sells * goods to people who buy them for private or domestic use or consumption. retirement village : premises are a retirement village if:   (a)   the premises are * residential premises; and   (b)   accommodation in the premises is intended to be for persons who are at least 55 years old, or who are a certain age that is more than 55 years; and   (c)   the premises include communal facilities for use by the residents of the premises; but the following are not retirement villages:   (d)   an * approved residential care home;   (e)   * commercial residential premises. reviewable GST decision has the meaning given by Subdivision   110 ‑ F in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . satisfies the membership requirements :   (a)   in relation to a * GST group—has the meaning given by section   48 ‑ 10, 63 ‑ 50 or 149 ‑ 25; or   (b)   in relation to a * GST religious group—has the meaning given by section   49 ‑ 10. satisfies the participation requirements for a * GST joint venture has the meaning given by section   51 ‑ 10. scheme has the meaning given by subsection   165 ‑ 10(2). school means an institution that supplies * pre ‑ school courses, * primary courses, * secondary courses or * special education courses but not any other * education course. secondary course means:   (a)   a course of study or instruction that is a secondary course determined by the * Student Assistance Minister under subsection   5D(1) of the Student Assistance Act 1973 for the purposes of that Act; or   (b)   any other course of study or instruction that the Student Assistance Minister has determined is a secondary course for the purposes of this Act. second ‑ hand goods does not include:   (a)   goods (except * incidental valuable metal goods) to the extent that they consist of * valuable metal; or   (c)   animals or plants. serviced apartment : an apartment (however described) is a serviced apartment in relation to a * retirement village if:   (a)   the apartment is designed to be occupied by aged residents who require the services set out in a provision of the * aged care service list specified in regulations made for the purposes of this paragraph   (b)   at least one responsible person is continuously:   (i)   on call to render emergency assistance to the residents of the apartment; and   (ii)   in reasonable proximity to the apartment; and   (c)   the apartment is part of a single complex of apartments to which paragraphs   (a) and (b) apply, and is accessible from a common corridor linking the apartment to the other apartments in the complex; and   (d)   there is in the retirement village a communal dining facility that is available for use by the residents of apartments in the retirement village to which paragraphs   (a), (b) and (c) apply. However, a detached house, row house, terrace house, town house or villa unit is not a serviced apartment. settlement amount has the meaning given by subsection   78 ‑ 15(4). share in a * company means a share in the capital of the company, and includes stock. ship means any vessel used in navigation, other than air navigation. ship’s stores has the meaning given by section   130C of the Customs Act 1901 . simplified accounting method means an arrangement in respect of which a determination under section   123 ‑ 5 is in force. small business entity has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. small enterprise entity has the meaning given by subsection   123 ‑ 7(1). small enterprise turnover threshold has the meaning given by subsection   123 ‑ 7(2). special education course means a course of education that provides special programs designed specifically for children with disabilities or students with disabilities (or both). special professional has the meaning given by subsection   405 ‑ 25(1) of the * ITAA 1997. stated monetary value has the meanings given by subsections   100 ‑ 5(2A) and (2B). State law has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. statutory compensation scheme has the meaning given by section   78 ‑ 105. stratum unit has the meaning given by subsection   124 ‑ 190(3) of the * ITAA 1997. student accommodation has the meaning given by subsection   38 ‑ 105(3). Student Assistance Minister has the same meaning as in the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 . Subdivision   38 ‑ P period , in relation to the supply of a * car to an individual, means the period starting when he or she acquires it and ending at the earliest of the following times:   (a)   the end of 2 years after the acquisition;   (b)   the time when the car is no longer reasonably capable of being used for the purpose for which cars of that kind are ordinarily used;   (c)   a time that the Commissioner considers to be appropriate in special circumstances. substantial renovations of a building are renovations in which all, or substantially all, of a building is removed or replaced. However, the renovations need not involve removal or replacement of foundations, external walls, interior supporting walls, floors, roof or staircases. superannuation fund has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. supplier ‑ taxed offshore supply of low value goods has the meaning given by section   84 ‑ 85. supply has the meaning given by section   9 ‑ 10. supply of a going concern has the meaning given by subsection   38 ‑ 325(2). supply of low value goods has the meaning given by section   84 ‑ 79. taxable at less than 1 / 11 of the price has the meaning given by subsection   136 ‑ 50(1). taxable dealing , in relation to * wine, has the meaning given by section   33 ‑ 1 of the * Wine Tax Act. taxable importation has the meaning given by subsections   13 ‑ 5(1) and 114 ‑ 5(1). taxable importation of a luxury car has the meaning given by section   27 ‑ 1 of the A New Tax System (Luxury Car Tax) Act 1999 . taxable supply has the meaning given by sections   9 ‑ 5, 78 ‑ 50, 84 ‑ 5 and 105 ‑ 5. Note:   This meaning is also affected by sections   49 ‑ 30, 66 ‑ 45, 72 ‑ 5, 78 ‑ 25, 78 ‑ 60, 78 ‑ 65, 78 ‑ 70, 79 ‑ 60, 79 ‑ 85, 80 ‑ 10, 80 ‑ 50, 84 ‑ 85, 90 ‑ 5, 100 ‑ 5, 100 ‑ 18, 110 ‑ 5, 110 ‑ 15, 110 ‑ 20, 110 ‑ 25, 110 ‑ 30, 113 ‑ 5 and 142 ‑ 10. taxation law has the meaning given by section   2 of the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . tax invoice has the meaning given by subsections   29 ‑ 70(1) and 48 ‑ 57(1), and includes a document that the Commissioner treats as a tax invoice under subsection   29 ‑ 70(1B). However, it does not include a document that does not comply with the requirements of section   54 ‑ 50 (if applicable). taxi travel means travel that involves transporting passengers, by taxi or limousine, for fares. tax loss has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. tax period means a tax period applying to you under:   (a)   Division   27 (about quarterly and one month tax periods); or   (b)   section   48 ‑ 73 (about GST groups with incapacitated entities); or   (c)   section   57 ‑ 35 (about resident agents); or   (d)   section   58 ‑ 35 (about representatives of incapacitated entities); or   (e)   section   151 ‑ 40 (about annual tax periods); or   (f)   section   162 ‑ 55 (about instalment tax periods). tax period turnover threshold has the meaning given by subsection   27 ‑ 15(3). tax ‑ related liability has the meaning given by section   255 ‑ 1 in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 . telecommunication supply has the meaning given by section   85 ‑ 10. Territory law has the meaning given by section   995 ‑ 1 of the * ITAA 1997. tertiary course means:   (a)   a course of study or instruction that is a tertiary course determined by the * Student Assistance Minister under subsection   5D(1) of the Student Assistance Act 1973 for the purposes of that Act; or   (aa)   a course of study or instruction accredited at Masters or Doctoral level and supplied by a * higher education institution or a * non ‑ government higher education institution; or   (b)   any other course of study or instruction that the Student Assistance Minister has determined is a tertiary course for the purposes of this Act. tertiary residential college course means a course supplied in connection with a * tertiary course at premises that are used to provide accommodation to students undertaking tertiary courses. thing means anything that can be supplied or imported. third party adjustment note means a document that complies with the requirements of section   134 ‑ 20 and (if applicable) section   54 ‑ 50. total Subdivision   66 ‑ B credit amount has the meaning given by subsection   66 ‑ 65(1). total Subdivision   66 ‑ B GST amount has the meaning given by subsection   66 ‑ 65(2). tradex order has the meaning given by subsection   141 ‑ 10(2). tradex scheme goods has the meaning given by subsection   141 ‑ 10(1). transportation document includes the following:   (a)   a consignment note;   (b)   a house bill of lading;   (c)   an ocean bill of lading;   (d)   a house air waybill;   (e)   a master air waybill;   (f)   a sea waybill;   (g)   a straight line air waybill;   (h)   a sub ‑ master air waybill;   (i)   other similar documents. TSA contributing member of a * consolidated group or a * MEC group has the meaning given by paragraph   721 ‑ 25(1)(a) of the * ITAA 1997. turnover threshold has the meaning given by subsection   188 ‑ 10(3). unit trust has the meaning given by subsection   202A(1) of the * ITAA 1936. untaxable Commonwealth entity has the meaning given by section   177 ‑ 1. valid meal entertainment register means a valid meal entertainment register within the meaning of section   37CA of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 . valuable metal means:   (a)   gold, silver or platinum; or   (b)   any other substance specified for the purposes of paragraph   (d) of the definition of precious metal in this section. valuable metal threshold has the meaning given by section   86 ‑ 10. value :   (a)   value of a * taxable importation has the meaning given by sections   13 ‑ 20, 13 ‑ 25, 117 ‑ 5 and 117 ‑ 10; and   (b)   value of a * taxable supply has the meaning given by sections   9 ‑ 75, 9 ‑ 80, 72 ‑ 10, 72 ‑ 70, 78 ‑ 5, 78 ‑ 60, 78 ‑ 95, 79 ‑ 40, 79 ‑ 85, 87 ‑ 10, 90 ‑ 10, 96 ‑ 10 and 108 ‑ 5;   (d)   value of a supply includes the meaning given by section   188 ‑ 35. Note:   Section   188 ‑ 30 contains a means of working out, for the purposes of Division   188, the value of a supply that is not a taxable supply, and section   188 ‑ 32 contains a means of working out, for those purposes, the value of gambling supplies. varied instalment amount has the meaning given by subsection   162 ‑ 140(1) and paragraph   162 ‑ 140(5)(a). voucher has the meaning given by subsection   100 ‑ 25(1). wine has the meaning given by Subdivision   31 ‑ A of the * Wine Tax Act. wine tax has the meaning given by section   33 ‑ 1 of the * Wine Tax Act. Wine Tax Act means the A New Tax System (Wine Equalisation Tax) Act 1999 . wine tax law has the meaning given in section   33 ‑ 1 of the * Wine Tax Act. withholding payment covered by a particular provision in Schedule   1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. withholding payment has the meaning given by subsection   995 ‑ 1(1) of the * ITAA 1997. you : if a provision of this Act uses the expression you , it applies to entities generally, unless its application is expressly limited. Note:   The expression you is not used in provisions that apply only to entities that are not individuals. Schedule   1 — Food that is not GST ‑ free Note 1:   See section   38 ‑ 3. Note 2:   The second column of the table is not operative (see section   182 ‑ 15).     1   Food that is not GST ‑ free     * Food specified in the third column of the table is not GST ‑ free.   Food that is not GST ‑ free Item Category Food 1 Prepared food quiches 2   sandwiches (using any type of bread or roll) 3   pizzas, pizza subs, pizza pockets and similar * food 4   * food marketed as a prepared meal, but not including soup 5   platters etc. of cheese, cold cuts, fruit or vegetables and other arrangements of * food 6   hamburgers, chicken burgers and similar * food 7   hot dogs 8 Confectionery confectionery, * food marketed as confectionery, food marketed as ingredients for confectionery or food consisting principally of confectionery 9   popcorn 10   confectionery novelties 11   * food known as muesli bars or health food bars, and similar foodstuffs 12   crystallised fruit, glace fruit and drained fruit 13   crystallised ginger and preserved ginger 14   edible cake decorations 15 Savoury snacks potato crisps, sticks or straws, corn crisps or chips, bacon or pork crackling or prawn chips 16   seeds or nuts that have been processed or treated by salting, spicing, smoking or roasting, or in any other similar way 17   caviar and similar fish roe 18   * food similar to that covered by item   15 or 16, whether or not it consists wholly or partly of any vegetable, herb, fruit, meat, seafood or dairy product or extract and whether or not it is artificially flavoured 19   * food consisting principally of food covered by items   15 to 18 20 Bakery products cakes, slices, cheesecakes, pancakes, waffles, crepes, muffins and puddings 21   pavlova and meringues 22   pies (meat, vegetable or fruit), pasties and sausage rolls 23   tarts and pastries 24   doughnuts and croissants 25   pastizzi, calzoni and brioche 26   scones and scrolls 27   bread (including buns) with a sweet filling or coating 28 Ice ‑ cream food ice ‑ cream, ice ‑ cream cakes, ice ‑ creams and ice ‑ cream substitutes 29   frozen confectionery, frozen yoghurt and frozen fruit products (but not frozen whole fruit) 30   flavoured iceblocks (whether or not marketed in a frozen state) 31   any * food similar to food listed in items   28 to 30 32 Biscuit goods * food that is, or consists principally of, biscuits, cookies, crackers, pretzels, cones or wafers 2   Prepared food, bakery products and biscuit goods     For the purpose of determining whether particular * food is covered by any of the items in the table relating to the category of prepared food, bakery products or biscuit goods, it does not matter whether it is supplied hot or cold, or requires cooking, heating, thawing or chilling prior to consumption. 3   Prepared meals     Item   4 in the table only applies to * food that requires refrigeration or freezing for its storage. 4   Candied peel     None of the items in the table relating to the category of confectionery include candied peel. 5   Goods that are not biscuit goods     None of the items in the table relating to the category of biscuit goods include:   (a)   breakfast * food consisting principally of compressed, rolled or flattened cereal; or   (b)   rusks for infants or invalids, or goods consisting principally of those rusks. Schedule   2 — Beverages that are GST ‑ free Note 1:   See section   38 ‑ 3. Note 2:   The second column of the table is not operative (see section   182 ‑ 15).     1   Beverages that are GST ‑ free     * Beverages specified in the third column of the table are GST ‑ free.   Beverages that are GST ‑ free Item Category Beverages 1 Milk products any of the following products: (a) milk, skim milk or buttermilk (whether liquid, powdered, concentrated or condensed); (b) casein; (c) whey, whey powder or whey paste 2   * beverages consisting of products referred to in item   1 (or a combination of those products), to the extent of at least 95%, but not including flavoured beverages 3   lactose 4 Soy milk and rice milk * beverages consisting principally of soy milk or rice milk, but not including flavoured beverages 5 Tea, coffee etc. tea (including herbal tea, fruit tea, ginseng tea and other similar * beverage preparations), coffee and coffee essence, chicory and chicory essence, and malt 6   malt extract, if it is marketed principally for drinking purposes 7   preparations for drinking purposes that are marketed principally as tea preparations, coffee preparations, or preparations for malted * beverages 8   preparations marketed principally as substitutes for preparations covered by item   6 or 7 9   dry preparations marketed for the purpose of flavouring milk 10 Fruit and vegetable juices concentrates for making non ‑ alcoholic * beverages, if the concentrates consist of at least 90% by volume of juices of fruits 11   non ‑ alcoholic carbonated * beverages, if they consist wholly of juices of fruits or vegetables 12   non ‑ alcoholic non ‑ carbonated * beverages, if they consist of at least 90% by volume of juices of fruits or vegetables 13 Beverages for infants or invalids * beverages, and ingredients for beverages, of a kind marketed principally as * food for infants or invalids 14 Water natural water, non ‑ carbonated and without any other additives 2   Tea, coffee etc.     None of the items in the table relating to the category of tea, coffee etc. include any * beverage that is marketed in a ready ‑ to ‑ drink form. 3   Fruit and vegetable juices     For the purposes of items   11 and 12 in the table, herbage is treated as vegetables. Schedule   3 — Medical aids and appliances Note 1:   GST ‑ free supplies of medical aids and appliances are dealt with in section   38 ‑ 45. Note 2:   The second column of the table is not operative (see section   182 ‑ 15).         Medical aids and appliances Item Category Medical aids or appliances 1 Cardiovascular heart monitors 2   pacemakers 3   surgical stockings 4 Communication aids for people with disabilities communication boards and voice output devices 5   communication cards 6   page turners 7   eye pointing frames 8   software programs specifically designed for people with disabilities 9   printers and scanners specifically designed for software and hardware used by people with disabilities 10   switches and switch interfaces 11   mouth/head sticks/pointers 12   alternative keyboards 13   electrolarynx replacements 14   speech amplification/clarification aids 15 Continence urine/faecal drainage/collection devices 16   waterproof covers or mattress protectors 17   absorbent pads for beds and chairs 18   disposable/reusable continence pads, pants and nappies required for continence use (excluding nappies for babies, sanitary pads or tampons) 19   enuresis alarms 20   incontinence appliances 21   hospital/medical/continence deodorising products 22   waterproof protection for beds and chairs 23   sterile plastic bags 24   electric bag emptiers 25   enemas, suppositories and applicators 26   urinals and bedpans 27   penile clamps 28 Daily living for people with disabilities customised eating equipment for people with disabilities 29   customised toothbrushes for people with disabilities 30   dentures and artificial teeth 31   environmental control units designed for the disability of a particular person 32   computer modifications required for people with disabilities 33   “medical alert” devices 34 Diabetes finger prickers 35   alcohol skin wipes 36   test strips 37   needles and syringes 38   glucose monitors 39 Dialysis home dialysis machines 40 Enteral nutrition enteral nutrition and associated delivery equipment 41 Footwear for people with disabilities surgical shoes, boots, braces and irons 42   orthotics 43 Hearing/speech hearing aids 44   visual display units specifically designed for deaf people, or for people with a speech impairment, to communicate with others 45   telephone communication devices specifically designed to allow deaf people to send and receive messages by telephone 46   batteries specifically designed specifically for use with hearing aids 47   visual/tactile alerting devices 48   interactive and broadcast videotext systems 49   closed caption decoding devices 50   external processors for cochlear implants 51 Home modifications for people with disabilities bidet/bidet toilet attachments 52   special door fittings relating to the disability of a particular person 53 Mobility of people with disabilities—motor vehicles special purpose car seats 54   car seat harness specifically designed for people with disabilities 55   wheelchair and occupant restraint 56   wheelchair ramp 57   electric/hydraulic wheelchair lifting device 58   motor vehicle modifications 59 Mobility of people with disabilities—physical: bedding for people with disabilities manually operated adjustable beds 60   electronically operated adjustable beds 61   hospital ‑ type beds 62   customised bed rails for people with disabilities 63   bed cradles 64   bed restraints 65   bed poles and sticks 66   pressure management mattresses and overlays 67   backrests, leg rests and footboards for bed use 68 Mobility of people with disabilities—physical: orthoses spinal orthoses 69   lower limb orthoses 70   upper limb orthoses 71   pressure management garments and lymphoedema pumps 72   callipers 73   corsets (surgical) 74   handsplints and cervical collars 75   mandibular advancement splints 76 Mobility of people with disabilities—physical: positioning aids alternative positional seating corner chairs 77   alternative positional seating abduction cushions or long leg wedges 78   alternative positional seating modifications 79   standing frames 80   standing frames or tilt table modifications 81   side lying boards 82   night ‑ time positioning equipment modifications 83 Mobility of people with disabilities—physical: prostheses artificial limbs and associated supplements and aids 84   mammary 85 Mobility of people with disabilities—physical: seating aids postural support seating trays 86   electrically operated therapeutic lounge/recliner chairs specifically designed for people with disabilities 87   cushions specifically designed for people with disabilities 88 Mobility of people with disabilities—physical: transfer aids manual, electric, ceiling track or pool hoists specifically designed for people with disabilities 89   hoist slings 90   goosenecks 91   transfer boards 92   transfer sheets, mats or belts 93   stairlifts 94   portable stair climbers 95   monkey rings for people with disabilities 96 Mobility of people with disabilities—physical: walking aids crutches 97   walking sticks—specialised 98   walking frames—standard adult 99   walking frames—standard child 100   walking frames—specialised 101   walking frame modifications 102   specialised ambulatory orthoses 103   specialised ambulatory orthosis modifications 104   quadrupod and tripod walking aids 105 Mobility of people with disabilities—physical: wheelchairs and accessories wheelchairs, motorised wheelchairs, scooters, tricycles, spinal carriages and other goods for the carriage of people with disabilities 106   accessories associated with wheelchairs, motorised wheelchairs, scooters, tricycles, spinal carriages and other goods for the carriage of people with disabilities 107   battery chargers for wheelchairs, scooters, tricycles, spinal carriages and other goods for the carriage of people with disabilities 108   stair ‑ aid apparatuses designed for carrying people with disabilities in wheelchairs up or down stairs 109 Pain relief delivery systems syringe drivers 110   patient control analgesia 111 Personal hygiene for people with disabilities bathboards or toilet seats for people with disabilities 112   bath supports 113   shower chairs or stools 114   shower supports 115   shower trolleys 116   mobile shower chairs 117   commodes 118   commode cushions 119   commode pans 120   toilet frames 121   toilet supports 122   self ‑ help poles 123 Respiratory appliances ventilators 124   continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) appliances 125   respiratory appliance mask assemblies—complete 126   respiratory appliance mask assemblies—components 127   respiratory appliance accessories 128   sleep apnoea machines 129 Respiratory appliances—other products for those with breathing difficulties: peak flow meters 130   nebulisers 131   spacers 132   vaporisers 133   respirators 134   air pumps 135   bottled oxygen and associated hardware 136   oxygen concentrators 137   breathing monitors 138   ventilators 139 Safety helmets specifically designed for people with disabilities safety helmets specifically designed for people with disabilities 140 Skin jobst suits 141   transcutaneous nerve stimulator machines 142 Stoma stoma products including all bags and related equipment for patients with colostomies and ileostomies 143 Vision tactile or Braille books, magazines or newspapers 144   electronic reading aids 145   talking book machines (and parts) specifically designed for people with a vision impairment 146   enlarged text computer monitors for people with a visual impairment 147   Braille note takers 148   Braille printers and paper 149   Braille translators (hardware and software) 150   money identification equipment 151   auditory/tactile alerting devices 152   sonar canes 153   reading magnification devices (excluding magnifying glasses) 154   artificial eyes 155   lenses for prescription spectacles 156   prescription contact lenses 157   ultrasonic sensing devices specifically designed for use by people with a vision impairment 158   viewscan apparatus specifically designed for use by people with a vision impairment Endnotes Endnote 1—About the endnotes The endnotes provide information about this compilation and the compiled law. The following endnotes are included in every compilation: Endnote 1—About the endnotes Endnote 2—Abbreviation key Endnote 3—Legislation history Endnote 4—Amendment history Abbreviation key—Endnote 2 The abbreviation key sets out abbreviations that may be used in the endnotes. Legislation history and amendment history—Endnotes 3 and 4 Amending laws are annotated in the legislation history and amendment history. The legislation history in endnote 3 provides information about each law that has amended (or will amend) the compiled law. The information includes commencement details for amending laws and details of any application, saving or transitional provisions that are not included in this compilation. The amendment history in endnote 4 provides information about amendments at the provision (generally section or equivalent) level. It also includes information about any provision of the compiled law that has been repealed in accordance with a provision of the law. Editorial changes The Legislation Act 2003 authorises First Parliamentary Counsel to make editorial and presentational changes to a compiled law in preparing a compilation of the law for registration. The changes must not change the effect of the law. Editorial changes take effect from the compilation registration date. If the compilation includes editorial changes, the endnotes include a brief outline of the changes in general terms. Full details of any changes can be obtained from the Office of Parliamentary Counsel. Misdescribed amendments A misdescribed amendment is an amendment that does not accurately describe how an amendment is to be made. If, despite the misdescription, the amendment can be given effect as intended, then the misdescribed amendment can be incorporated through an editorial change made under section 15V of the Legislation Act 2003 . If a misdescribed amendment cannot be given effect as intended, the amendment is not incorporated and “(md not incorp)” is added to the amendment history.   Endnote 2—Abbreviation key   ad = added or inserted orig = original am = amended p = page(s) amdt = amendment para = paragraph(s)/subparagraph(s) C[x] = Compilation No. x /sub ‑ subparagraph(s) ch = Chapter(s) pres = present cl = clause(s) prev = previous cont. = continued (prev…) = previously def = definition(s) pt = Part(s) Dict = Dictionary r = regulation(s)/Court rule(s) disallowed = disallowed by Parliament reloc = relocated div = Division(s) renum = renumbered ed = editorial change rep = repealed exp = expires/expired or ceases/ceased to have rs = repealed and substituted effect s = section(s)/subsection(s) gaz = gazette /rule(s)/subrule(s)/order(s)/suborder(s) LA = Legislation Act 2003 sch = Schedule(s) LIA = Legislative Instruments Act 2003 SLI = Select Legislative Instrument (md) = misdescribed amendment can be given SR = Statutory Rules effect sub ch = Sub ‑ Chapter(s) (md not incorp) = misdescribed amendment sub div = Subdivision(s) cannot be given effect sub pt = Subpart(s) mod = modified/modification underlining = whole or part not No. = Number(s) commenced or to be commenced Ord = Ordinance     Endnote 3—Legislation history   Act Number and year Assent Commencement Application, saving and transitional provisions A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 55, 1999 8   July 1999 1   July 2000   Appropriation (Supplementary Measures) Act (No.   1) 1999 154, 1999 11 Nov 1999 11 Nov 1999 — A New Tax System (Indirect Tax and Consequential Amendments) Act 1999 176, 1999 22 Dec 1999 Sch   1 (items   1–168) and Sch 7 (items   9–16): 1   July 2000 (s 2(2), (5), (14)(b)) — A New Tax System (Indirect Tax and Consequential Amendments) Act (No.   2) 1999 177, 1999 22 Dec 1999 Sch   1 (items   1–162): 1   July 2000 (s 2(2)) — as amended by         Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   8) 2000 156, 2000 21 Dec 2000 Sch   7 (item   9): 22 Dec 1999 (s 2(5)) — A New Tax System (Pay As You Go) Act 1999 178, 1999 22 Dec 1999 Sch   1 (items   50–69): 22   Dec 1999 (s 2(1)) — A New Tax System (Tax Administration) Act 1999 179, 1999 22 Dec 1999 Sch   2 (items   5–8): 22   Dec 1999 (s 2(1)) Sch   12 (items   1, 2) and Sch   15 (items   1–6): 1   July 2000 (s 2(12)) — A New Tax System (Fringe Benefits) Act 2000 52, 2000 30   May 2000 30   May 2000 — Indirect Tax Legislation Amendment Act 2000 92, 2000 30   June 2000 Sch   1 (items   1–9), Sch   2, Sch 3, Sch   4 (items   1–9), Sch   5, Sch   6 (items   1–6), Sch   7 (items   4–25), Sch   8 (items   1–5), Sch   9 (items   1–11) and Sch   11 (items   3–13): 1   July 2000 (s 2(1)) — Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   8) 2000 156, 2000 21 Dec 2000 Sch   1 (items   1–16, 18), Sch   2 (items   1–12, 25), Sch   3, Sch   4, Sch   5 (items   1–3, 18(1)), and Sch   6 (items   1–40, 49(1), (2)): 21 Dec 2000 (s 2(1)) Sch   7 (items   1–7): 1   July 2000 (s 2(3)) Sch 1 (item   18), Sch 2 (item   25), Sch 3 (item   34), Sch 4 (item   20), Sch 5 (item   18(1)) and Sch 6 (item   49(1), (2)) Corporations (Repeals, Consequentials and Transitionals) Act 2001 55, 2001 28   June 2001 s   4–14 and Sch   3 (items   31–34): 15   July 2001 (s 2(1), (3)) s   4–14 Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   3) 2001 73, 2001 30   June 2001 Schedule   1 (items   69–78): 23   May 2001 Schedule   2 (items   48–52): 1 Jan 2001 Schedule   3 (items   34–36): 1 Apr 2001 Remainder: Royal Assent Sch. 1 (items   22, 62(1), 66, 68) New Business Tax System (Capital Allowances—Transitional and Consequential) Act 2001 77, 2001 30   June 2001 Sch   2 (items   10–14, 488(1)): 30   June 2001 (s   2(1)) Sch 2 (item   488(1)) as amended by         Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   5) 2002 119, 2002 2 Dec 2002 Sch   3 (item   97): 30   June 2001 (s 2(1) item   9) — Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   5) 2001 168, 2001 1 Oct 2001 Schedule   2: 1   July 2000 Remainder: Royal Assent Sch. 1 (item   6) Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   6) 2001 169, 2001 1 Oct 2001 s 4 and Sch   5 (items   9A–14): 1 Oct 2001 (s 2(1), (4A)) s 4 and Sch 5 (item   14) as amended by         Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   2) 2002 57, 2002 3   July 2002 Sch   12 (item   57): 1 Oct 2001 (s 2(1) item   57) — Customs Legislation Amendment Act (No.   1) 2002 82, 2002 10 Oct 2002 Sch   3 (item   8): 19   July 2005 (s 2(1) item   5) — Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   3) 2002 97, 2002 10 Nov 2002 Schedule   1 (items   1–6, 9–11, 14–16, 19): Royal Assent Sch. 1 (items   6, 19) Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   6) 2003 67, 2003 30   June 2003 Schedule   11 (items   1–41, 43): Royal Assent Sch. 11 (items   17, 43) Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   3) 2003 101, 2003 14 Oct 2003 Sch   6 (item   2): 1   July 2000 (s 2(1) item   9) — Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   2) 2004 20, 2004 23 Mar 2004 Schedule   6: 1   July 2000 Remainder: Royal Assent Sch. 1 (item   6) Tax Laws Amendment (2004 Measures No.   2) Act 2004 83, 2004 25   June 2004 Schedule   7: Royal Assent Sch. 7 (item   14) Tax Laws Amendment (2004 Measures No.   1) Act 2004 95, 2004 29   June 2004 Schedule   10 (items   4–17, 42, 44(1), (2)): 1   July 2005 Sch. 10 (items   42, 44(1), (2)) Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No.   1) 2004 101, 2004 30   June 2004 Schedule   6: Royal Assent Sch. 6 (item   11) Tax Laws Amendment (Small Business Measures) Act 2004 134, 2004 13 Dec 2004 Schedule   3 (items   1–4): 13 Dec 2004 (s 2(1) item   4) Remainder: Royal Assent Sch. 1 (item   16), Sch. 2 (item   23), and Sch. 3 (item   10) Tax Laws Amendment (Retirement Villages) Act 2004 143, 2004 14 Dec 2004 14 Dec 2004 Sch 1 (items   13–18) as amended by         Fuel Tax (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Act 2006 73, 2006 26   June 2006 Sch   5 (items   168, 169): 1   July 2006 — Tax Laws Amendment (Long ‑ term Non ‑ reviewable Contracts) Act 2005 10, 2005 22 Feb 2005 Schedule   1 (items   3–5): 1   July 2005 — Tax Laws Amendment (2004 Measures No.   6) Act 2005 23, 2005 21 Mar 2005 Schedule   9: Royal Assent Sch. 9 (item   3) Tax Laws Amendment (2004 Measures No.   7) Act 2005 41, 2005 1 Apr 2005 Schedule   10 (items   1–14): Royal Assent Sch. 10 (items   2, 9, 12) Tax Laws Amendment (2005 Measures No.   1) Act 2005 77, 2005 29   June 2005 29   June 2005 Sch. 3 (items   17, 18) Tax Laws Amendment (2005 Measures No.   2) Act 2005 78, 2005 29   June 2005 29   June 2005 Sch. 6 (items   21, 28) Tax Laws Amendment (2006 Measures No.   1) Act 2006 32, 2006 6 Apr 2006 6 Apr 2006 Sch. 4 (items   20, 21) Tax Laws Amendment (2006 Measures No.   2) Act 2006 58, 2006 22   June 2006 Schedule   7 (items   2–15, 220–226): Royal Assent Sch. 7 (item   4) Fuel Tax (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Act 2006 73, 2006 26   June 2006 Schedule   5 (items   2, 3, 65–137): 1   July 2006 ( see s. 2(1)) — Tax Laws Amendment (2006 Measures No.   3) Act 2006 80, 2006 30   June 2006 Schedule   10 (items   3–5): 1   July 2005 Schedules   12 and 15: Royal Assent Sch. 10 (item   5), Sch. 12 (items   2, 16) and Sch. 15 (item   10) Tax Laws Amendment (Repeal of Inoperative Provisions) Act 2006 101, 2006 14 Sept 2006 Schedule   2 (items   13, 1017, 1019) and Schedule   6 (items   1, 6–11): Royal Assent Sch. 6 (items   1, 6–11) Tax Laws Amendment (2006 Measures No.   5) Act 2006 110, 2006 23 Oct 2006 Schedule   2: Royal Assent Sch. 2 (item   4) Tax Laws Amendment (2006 Measures No.   6) Act 2007 4, 2007 19 Feb 2007 Schedule   2 (item   25): Royal Assent — Private Health Insurance (Transitional Provisions and Consequential Amendments) Act 2007 32, 2007 30 Mar 2007 Schedule   2 (item   2A): Royal Assent Schedule   2 (item   3): 1 Apr 2007 ( see s. 2(1)) — Tax Laws Amendment (2007 Measures No.   1) Act 2007 56, 2007 12 Apr 2007 12 Apr 2007 Sch. 3 (item   39) Tax Laws Amendment (2007 Measures No.   2) Act 2007 78, 2007 21   June 2007 Schedule   2 (items   5, 18): Royal Assent Sch. 2 (item   18) Tax Laws Amendment (Small Business) Act 2007 80, 2007 21   June 2007 21   June 2007 Sch. 2 (items   67(1), 68–70) Tax Laws Amendment (Simplified GST Accounting) Act 2007 112, 2007 28   June 2007 28   June 2007 Sch. 1 (item   18) Tax Laws Amendment (2007 Measures No.   4) Act 2007 143, 2007 24 Sept 2007 Schedule   1 (items   6, 7, 222, 225, 226): Royal Assent Schedule   7 (items   2–6): 1   July 2006 Sch. 1 (items   222, 225, 226) Tax Laws Amendment (2008 Measures No.   4) Act 2008 97, 2008 3 Oct 2008 Schedule   3 (item   1): Royal Assent — Tax Laws Amendment (2008 Measures No.   5) Act 2008 145, 2008 9 Dec 2008 Schedule   1 (items   1–13): Royal Assent Sch. 1 (item   13) Tax Laws Amendment (2008 Measures No.   6) Act 2009 14, 2009 26 Mar 2009 Schedule   4 (item   1): Royal Assent — Customs Legislation Amendment (Name Change) Act 2009 33, 2009 22   May 2009 Schedule   2 (item   3): 23   May 2009 — Tax Agent Services (Transitional Provisions and Consequential Amendments) Act 2009 114, 2009 16 Nov 2009 Sch   1 (item   1) and Sch   2: 1 Mar 2010 (s   2(1) items   2, 4) Sch 2 Tax Laws Amendment (2009 Measures No.   5) Act 2009 118, 2009 4 Dec 2009 Schedule   1 (items   1–10): 1   July 2000 Schedule   1 (items   12–45, 50–52, 55): Royal Assent Sch. 1 (items   50–52, 55) Tax Laws Amendment (2009 Budget Measures No.   2) Act 2009 133, 2009 14 Dec 2009 Schedule   1 (items   6, 7, 86, 87): 14 Dec 2009 Sch. 1 (items   86, 87) Tax Laws Amendment (2009 Measures No.   6) Act 2010 19, 2010 24 Mar 2010 Schedule   1 (items   14, 15): Royal Assent — Tax Laws Amendment (2009 GST Administration Measures) Act 2010 20, 2010 24 Mar 2010 Schedule   1 (items   1–13, 19), Schedule   3 (items   1–29, 31), Schedule   4, Schedule   5 (items   1–3) and Schedule   6: Royal Assent Schedule   2 (items   1–11, 23(1)): 1   July 2010 Sch. 1 (item   19), Sch. 2 (item   23(1)), Sch. 3 (item   31), Sch. 4 (item   2), Sch. 5 (item   3) and Sch. 6 (item   4) Tax Laws Amendment (2010 GST Administration Measures No.   1) Act 2010 21, 2010 24 Mar 2010 Sch   1 (items   1, 2, 4–9, 12–23, 29) and Sch   2 (items   1, 3): 24 Mar 2010 (s 2(1) items   2, 4, 6) Sch   1 (items   3, 10, 11) and Sch   2 (item   2): 24 Mar 2010 (s 2(1) items   3, 5, 8) Sch 1 (item   29) and Sch 2 (item   3) Tax Laws Amendment (2010 Measures No.   1) Act 2010 56, 2010 3   June 2010 Schedule   6 (items   15, 117): Royal Assent — Tax Laws Amendment (2010 GST Administration Measures No.   2) Act 2010 74, 2010 28   June 2010 Schedule   1 (items   1–40, 43–55, 63) and Schedule   3: Royal Assent Schedule   2 (items   1–5): 1   July 2010 Sch. 1 (items   43–45, 63) and Sch. 3 (item   5) Tax Laws Amendment (2010 GST Administration Measures No.   3) Act 2010 91, 2010 29   June 2010 29   June 2010 Sch. 1 (items   15, 16), Sch. 2 (item   2) and Sch. 3 (item   12) Tax Laws Amendment (2010 Measures No.   4) Act 2010 136, 2010 7 Dec 2010 Schedule   1: Royal Assent Sch. 1 (item   3) Statute Law Revision Act 2011 5, 2011 22 Mar 2011 Schedule   6 (item   121): 19 Apr 2011 — Tax Laws Amendment (2011 Measures No.   2) Act 2011 41, 2011 27   June 2011 Schedule   4 (items   1–10, 16) and Schedule   5 (items   1–3): Royal Assent Sch. 4 (item   16) Tax Laws Amendment (2011 Measures No.   3) Act 2011 51, 2011 27   June 2011 Schedule   1: 1   July 2011 Sch. 1 (item   4) Tax Laws Amendment (2010 Measures No.   5) Act 2011 61, 2011 29   June 2011 Schedule   5: 30   June 2011 Sch. 5 (item   4) Clean Energy (Consequential Amendments) Act 2011 132, 2011 18 Nov 2011 Schedule   2 (items   1, 2): 10   May 2012 ( see Gazette 2012, No. GN18) — Tax Laws Amendment (2011 Measures No.   9) Act 2012 12, 2012 21 Mar 2012 Schedule   3: 1   July 2012 Schedule   4 and Schedule   6 (items   68–73, 184): Royal Assent Schedule   6 (items   97–105): 22 Mar 2012 Sch. 3 (items   3, 6, 11), Sch. 4 (items   11–13) and Sch. 6 (item   105) Minerals Resource Rent Tax (Consequential Amendments and Transitional Provisions) Act 2012 14, 2012 29 Mar 2012 Sch   3 (item   2): 1   July 2012 (s 2(1) item   5) — Indirect Tax Laws Amendment (Assessment) Act 2012 39, 2012 15 Apr 2012 Sch   1 (items   3–5, 31–129, 224–226, 239–241), Sch   2 (items   1, 2) and Sch   3 (items   1–7): 1   July 2012 (s 2(1) items   2, 7) Sch   1 (items   242–245, 264): 1 Jan 2017 (s 2(1) item   3) Sch   4 (items   1–13): 15 Apr 2012 (s 2(1) item   8) Sch 1 (items   239–241, 264) Tax and Superannuation Laws Amendment (2012 Measures No.   1) Act 2012 75, 2012 27   June 2012 Sch   1 and 2: 27   June 2012 (s 2(1) item   2) Sch 1 (item   9) and Sch 2 (item   14) Customs Tariff Amendment (Schedule   4) Act 2012 138, 2012 25 Sept 2012 Sch   2 (items   1–3, 6): 1   Mar 2013 (s 2(1) item   2) Sch 2 (item   6) Tax Laws Amendment (2012 Measures No.   4) Act 2012 142, 2012 28 Sept 2012 Sch   2: 28 Sept 2012 (s   2(1) item   2) Sch 2 (item   4) Australian Charities and Not ‑ for ‑ profits Commission (Consequential and Transitional) Act 2012 169, 2012 3 Dec 2012 Sch   2 (items   25, 69–130): 3 Dec 2012 (s   2(1) item   3) Sch 2 (items   124, 125) Aged Care (Living Longer Living Better) Act 2013 76, 2013 28   June 2013 Sch   4 (items   1–5): 1   Aug 2013 (s 2(1) item   5) Sch   4 (items   6, 7): 1   July 2014 (s 2(1) item   6) — Tax Laws Amendment (2012 Measures No.   6) Act 2013 84, 2013 28   June 2013 Sch   8 (items   17–19): 28   June 2013 (s 2(1) item   4) Sch 8 (item   19) Tax and Superannuation Laws Amendment (2013 Measures No.   2) Act 2013 85, 2013 28   June 2013 Sch   3: 28   June 2013 (s   2(1) item   6) Sch 3 (item   8) Charities (Consequential Amendments and Transitional Provisions) Act 2013 96, 2013 28   June 2013 Sch   1 (item   5): 1   Jan 2014 (s 2(1) item   2) — Tax Laws Amendment (2013 Measures No.   2) Act 2013 124, 2013 29   June 2013 Sch   9: 29   June 2013 (s   2(1) item   10) Sch   9 (item   4) Tax Laws Amendment (2014 Measures No.   1) Act 2014 34, 2014 30   May 2014 Sch 2 (items   1–12, 16): 30   May 2014 (s 2(1) item   3) Sch 2 (item   16) Clean Energy Legislation (Carbon Tax Repeal) Act 2014 83, 2014 17   July 2014 Sch 1 (items   7–9): 1   July 2014 (s 2(1) item   2) Sch 1 (item   330): 1   July 2014 (s 2(1) item   3) Sch 1 (item   330) Minerals Resource Rent Tax Repeal and Other Measures Act 2014 96, 2014 5 Sept 2014 Sch 1 (items   7, 8, 122–124): 30 Sept 2014 (s   2(1) item   2 and F2014L01256) Sch 1 (items   122–124) Tax and Superannuation Laws Amendment (2014 Measures No.   4) Act 2014 110, 2014 16   Oct 2014 Sch   5 (items   1–6, 92, 93): 16   Oct   2014 (s 2(1) items   4, 7) Sch   5 (item   93) Treasury Legislation Amendment (Repeal Day) Act 2015 2, 2015 25 Feb 2015 Sch 2 (items   21, 73): 1   July 2015 (s 2(1) item   4) Sch 4 (items   24–31, 79): 25 Feb 2015 (s 2(1) item   6) Sch 2 (item   73) Sch 4 (item   79) as amended by         Tax and Superannuation Laws Amendment (2015 Measures No.   1) Act 2015 70, 2015 25   June 2015 Sch 6 (item   64): 25 Feb 2015 (s 2(1) item   18) — Tax and Superannuation Laws Amendment (2014 Measures No.   7) Act 2015 21, 2015 19 Mar 2015 Sch 7 (items   1–6): 20 Mar 2015 (s 2(1) item   15) Sch 7 (items   3, 6) Public Governance and Resources Legislation Amendment Act (No.   1) 2015 36, 2015 13 Apr 2015 Sch 5 (items   2, 3, 74–77) and Sch 7: 14 Apr 2015 (s 2) Sch 5 (items   74–77) and Sch 7 as amended by         Acts and Instruments (Framework Reform) (Consequential Provisions) Act 2015 126, 2015 10 Sept 2015 Sch 1 (item   486): 5 Mar 2016 (s 2(1) item   2) — Customs and Other Legislation Amendment (Australian Border Force) Act 2015 41, 2015 20   May 2015 Sch 6 (items   1, 2) and Sch 9: 1   July 2015 (s   2(1) item   2) Sch 6 (item   2) and Sch 9 as amended by         Australian Border Force Amendment (Protected Information) Act 2017 115, 2017 30 Oct 2017 Sch 1 (item   26): 1   July 2015 (s   2(1) item   2) — Tax and Superannuation Laws Amendment (2015 Measures No.   1) Act 2015 70, 2015 25   June 2015 Sch 6 (items   1, 2): 25   June 2015 (s 2(1) item   9) — Acts and Instruments (Framework Reform) (Consequential Provisions) Act 2015 126, 2015 10 Sept 2015 Sch 1 (items   20–23): 5   Mar 2015 (s 2(1) item   2) — Tax and Superannuation Laws Amendment (2016 Measures No.   1) Act 2016 52, 2016 5   May 2016 Sch 1 (items   1–8, 10–36, 38, 39) and Sch 2 (items   1–17, 18–27): 1   July 2016 (s 2(1) item   1) Sch 1 (items   38, 39) and Sch 2 (items   25–27) Tax and Superannuation Laws Amendment (2016 Measures No.   2) Act 2017 15, 2017 28 Feb 2017 Sch 4 (items   9–18): 1 Apr 2017 (s 2(1) item   8) — Family Assistance Legislation Amendment (Jobs for Families Child Care Package) Act 2017 22, 2017 4 Apr 2017 Sch 2 (items   1, 2): 2   July 2018 (s 2(1) item   2) Sch 3 (items   7, 8) and Sch 4: 5 Apr 2017 (s 2(1) items   3–5) Sch 4 Therapeutic Goods Amendment (2016 Measures No.   1) Act 2017 47, 2017 19   June 2017 Sch 3 (item   1): 20   June 2017 (s 2(1) item   3) — Treasury Laws Amendment (GST Integrity) Act 2017 76, 2017 26   June 2017 27   June 2017 (s 2(1) item   1) Sch 1 (item   12) Treasury Laws Amendment (GST Low Value Goods) Act 2017 77, 2017 26   June 2017 Sch 1 (items   1–60, 65, 66): 1   July 2017 (s 2(1) item   1) Sch 1 (items   65, 66) Treasury Laws Amendment (2017 Measures No.   6) Act 2017 118, 2017 30 Oct 2017 Sch 1: 1   July 2017 (s   2(1) item   2) Sch 1 (items   3, 30) Treasury Laws Amendment (2018 Measures No.   1) Act 2018 23, 2018 29 Mar 2018 Sch 5 (items   5, 6, 26–28): 1 Apr 2018 (s 2(1) item   12) Sch 5 (items   26–28) Treasury Laws Amendment (2018 Measures No.   4) Act 2019 8, 2019 1 Mar 2019 Sch 8 (item   20): 1 Apr 2019 (s 2(1) item   11) — Treasury Laws Amendment (Timor Sea Maritime Boundaries Treaty) Act 2019 59, 2019 7 Aug 2019 Sch 2 (items   1, 2): 30 Aug 2019 (s 2(1) item   2) — Treasury Laws Amendment (Making Sure Multinationals Pay Their Fair Share of Tax in Australia and Other Measures) Act 2019 65, 2019 13 Sept 2019 Sch 2: 1 Oct 2019 (s 2(1) item   2) Sch 2 (item   4) Aged Care Legislation Amendment (New Commissioner Functions) Act 2019 116, 2019 11 Dec 2019 Sch 1 (item   72) and Sch 4: 1 Jan 2020 (s 2(1) item   2) Sch 4 Treasury Laws Amendment (Combating Illegal Phoenixing) Act 2020 6, 2020 17 Feb 2020 Sch 3 (items   1, 22): 1 Apr 2020 (s 2(1) item   3) Sch 3 (item   22) Statute Update (Regulations References) Act 2020 18, 2020 6 Mar 2020 Sch 1 (item   18): 6 Sept 2020 (s 2(1) item   1) — Treasury Laws Amendment (2019 Measures No.   3) Act 2020 64, 2020 22   June 2020 Sch 3 (items   146–154, 325, 326): 1 Oct 2020 (s 2(1) item   6) Sch 3 (items   325, 326) Treasury Laws Amendment (Registries Modernisation and Other Measures) Act 2020 69, 2020 22   June 2020 Sch 1 (items   90–98, 1465–1467): awaiting commencement (s 2(1) items   2, 5) Sch 1 (items   1465–1467) and Sch 1 (item   1468) as amended by         Treasury Laws Amendment (2021 Measures No. 5) Act 2021 127, 2021 7 Dec 2021 Sch 3 (item   105): 22   June 2020 (s 2(1) item   8) — Treasury Laws Amendment (2022 Measures No. 1) Act 2022 35, 2022 9 Aug 2022 Sch 4 (items   6, 7): 21   June 2022 (s 2(1) item   5) Sch 4 (item   15): 10 Aug 2022 (s 2(1) item   6) — Treasury Laws Amendment (A Tax Plan for the COVID ‑ 19 Economic Recovery) Act 2020 92, 2020 14 Oct 2020 Sch 3 (items   1, 2, 40): 1 Jan 2021 (s 2(1) item   7) Sch 3 (item   40) Aged Care Legislation Amendment (Improved Home Care Payment Administration No. 2) Act 2021 2, 2021 16 Feb 2021 Sch 1 (items   14, 15): 1 Sept 2021 (s 2(1) item   2) Sch 1 (item   15) Online Safety (Transitional Provisions and Consequential Amendments) Act 2021 77, 2021 23   July 2021 Sch 2 (item   1): 23 Jan 2022 (s 2(1) item   3) — Treasury Laws Amendment (2021 Measures No. 5) Act 2021 127, 2021 7 Dec 2021 Sch 3 (items   44, 45): 1 Jan 2022 (s 2(1) item   5) — Treasury Laws Amendment (2022 Measures No. 4) Act 2023 29, 2023 23   June 2023 Sch 2 (items   1–3, 15): 1   July 2023 (s 2(1) item   2) Sch 2 (item   15)   Act (Register ID) Number and year Assent Commencement Application, saving and transitional provisions Treasury Laws Amendment (Modernising Business Communications and Other Measures) Act 2023 (C2023A00069) 69, 2023 14 Sept 2023 sch 4 (items   105-110, 114-116): 1 Oct 2023 (s 2(1) item   6) sch 4 (item   116) Treasury Laws Amendment (2023 Law Improvement Package No. 1) Act 2023 (C2023A00076) 76, 2023 20 Sept 2023 sch 6 (items   9, 41, 42): 1 Oct 2023 (s 2(1) item   23) sch 6 (item   9) Treasury Laws Amendment (Delivering Better Financial Outcomes and Other Measures) Act 2024 (C2024A00067) 67, 2024 9   July 2024 sch 5 (item   40): 1 Oct 2024 (s 2(1) item   10) — Crown References Amendment Act 2024 (C2024A00115) 115, 2024 10 Dec 2024 sch 1 (item   3): 11 Dec 2024 (s 2(1) item   1) — Health Legislation Amendment (Modernising My Health Record—Sharing by Default) Act 2025 (C2025A00008) 8, 2025 14 Feb 2025 sch 2 (items 1, 2): 15 Feb 2025 (s 2(1) item 7) — Aged Care and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2025 (C2025A00045) 45, 2025 19 Sept 2025 sch 3 (items 54 ‑ 79): 1 Nov 2025 (s 2(1) item 6) — Treasury Laws Amendment (Strengthening Financial Systems and Other Measures) Act 2025 (C2025A00072) 72, 2025 4 Dec 2025 sch 4 (items 32 ‑ 38, 43 ‑ 51): 1 Jan 2026 (s 2(1) item 5) sch 4 (items 35, 43, 51)   Endnote 4—Amendment history   Provision affected How affected Chapter   1   Part   1 ‑ 1   Division   1   s. 1 ‑ 2 ............. am. No.   154, 1999 s. 1 ‑ 4 ............. ad. No.   176, 1999 Part   1 ‑ 2   Division   2   s. 2 ‑ 1 ............. am. No.   10, 2005 s. 2 ‑ 30 ............ am. No.   73, 2006; No.   74, 2010; No.   39, 2012 Division   3   s 3 ‑ 5 .............. am No   176, 1999; No 2, 2015 Chapter   2   Part   2 ‑ 1   Division   7   s. 7 ‑ 15 ............ am. No.   39, 2012 Part   2 ‑ 2   Division   9   Subdivision   9 ‑ A   s 9 ‑ 5 .............. am No 2, 2015 s 9 ‑ 10 ............. am No   176, 1999; No   92, 2000; No 118, 2017 s. 9 ‑ 15 ............ am. Nos. 176 and 177, 1999; No.   92, 2000; No.   75, 2012 s. 9 ‑ 17 ............ ad. No.   75, 2012 s. 9 ‑ 20 ............ am. Nos. 177 and 178, 1999; No.   92, 2000; Nos. 80 and 101   2006; Nos. 12 and 169, 2012 s 9 ‑ 25 ............. am No   176, 1999; No   77, 2005; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s 9 ‑ 26 ............. ad No 52, 2016 s 9 ‑ 27 ............. ad No 52, 2016 s. 9 ‑ 30 ............ am. No.   177, 1999; No.   92, 2000; No 169, 2012 s 9 ‑ 39 ............. am No 176, 1999; No 177, 1999; No 178, 1999; No 92, 2000; No 97, 2002; No 67, 2003; No 74, 2010; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 Subdivision   9 ‑ B   s 9 ‑ 69 ............. am No 92, 2000; No 118, 2009; No 2, 2015; No 76, 2017; No 77, 2017 Subdivision   9 ‑ C   s 9 ‑ 75 ............. am No   176, 1999; No   52, 2000; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s. 9 ‑ 80 ............ am. No.   92, 2000 s 9 ‑ 85 ............. ad No   176, 1999   am No 118, 2017 s. 9 ‑ 90 ............ ad. No.   92, 2000 s 9 ‑ 99 ............. am No 176, 1999; No 92, 2000; No 67, 2003; No 74, 2010; No 34, 2014; No 2, 2015; No 76, 2017; No 77, 2017 Division   11   s 11 ‑ 10 ............ am No   176, 1999; No 118, 2017 s 11 ‑ 15 ............ am No   176, 1999; No 92, 2000; No 156, 2000; No   12, 2012; No 2, 2015 s. 11 ‑ 25 ........... am. No.   74, 2010 s. 11 ‑ 30 ........... am. Nos. 176 and 177, 1999 s 11 ‑ 99 ............ am No   176, 1999; No 92, 2000; No 156, 2000; No   67, 2003; No   134, 2004; No   118, 2009; No   20, 2010; No 77, 2017 Part   2 ‑ 3   Division   13   s 13 ‑ 1 ............. am No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016 s 13 ‑ 5 ............. am No   176, 1999; No 2, 2015 s 13 ‑ 20 ............ am No   176, 1999; No   156, 2000; No   91, 2010; No   41, 2011; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016 s. 13 ‑ 99 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   156, 2000; No.   118, 2009; No.   74, 2010 Division   15   s 15 ‑ 10 ............ am No   176, 1999; No 92, 2000; No 156, 2000; No 2, 2015 s. 15 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   74, 2010 s. 15 ‑ 25 ........... am. Nos. 176 and 177, 1999 s. 15 ‑ 99 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; Nos. 92 and 156, 2000; No.   134, 2004; No.   118, 2009 Part   2 ‑ 4   Division   17   s. 17 ‑ 1 ............ rs. No.   39, 2012 s. 17 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   39, 2012; No 34, 2014 s 17 ‑ 15 ............ ad No 92, 2000   rep No 21, 2015 s. 17 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   39, 2012 s. 17 ‑ 99 ........... am. Nos. 176 and 177, 1999; Nos. 92 and 156, 2000; No.   73, 2001; No.   67, 2003; No.   134, 2004; No.   78, 2005; No.   112, 2007; No.   118, 2009; Nos. 20 and 21, 2010 Division   19   s. 19 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   176, 1999 Subdivision   19 ‑ A   s. 19 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   176, 1999 Subdivision   19 ‑ B   s. 19 ‑ 40 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   21, 2010 s. 19 ‑ 45 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   21, 2010 Subdivision   19 ‑ C   s. 19 ‑ 70 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   134, 2004; Nos. 20 and 21, 2010 s. 19 ‑ 75 ........... am. Nos. 176 and 177, 1999; No.   134, 2004; Nos. 20 and 21, 2010 s. 19 ‑ 99 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. Nos. 92 and 156, 2000; No.   67, 2003; Nos. 20 and 21, 2010; No 34, 2014 Division   21   s. 21 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   177, 1999 s. 21 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 s. 21 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 s. 21 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 s. 21 ‑ 99 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   156, 2000; No.   118, 2009 Part   2 ‑ 5   Division   23   s. 23 ‑ 1 ............ am. No.   80, 2007; No 70, 2015 s. 23 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   80, 2007 s. 23 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   80, 2007 s. 23 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   39, 2012 s. 23 ‑ 99 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   118, 2009 Division   25   Subdivision   25 ‑ A   s 25 ‑ 5 ............. am No   73, 2006; No 69, 2023 s 25 ‑ 10 ............ am No   176, 1999; No 73, 2006; No   39, 2012; No 69, 2020 s 25 ‑ 49 ............ am No 177, 1999; No 92, 2000; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 Subdivision   25 ‑ B   s 25 ‑ 55 ............ am No   73, 2006; No 69, 2023 s 25 ‑ 57 ............ ad No   156, 2000   am No   73, 2006; No 69, 2023 s 25 ‑ 60 ............ am No   176, 1999; No   156, 2000; No   73, 2006; No 69, 2020 s 25 ‑ 99 ............ am No   177, 1999; No   118, 2009; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 Part   2 ‑ 6   Division   27   s. 27 ‑ 1 ............ am. No.   39, 2012 s. 27 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   134, 2004 s 27 ‑ 15 ............ am No   92, 2000; No   73, 2001; No.   73, 2006; No   80, 2007; No 2, 2015 s. 27 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   80, 2007 s. 27 ‑ 22 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000   am. No.   73, 2006; No.   80, 2007 s. 27 ‑ 25 ........... am. No.   73, 2006 s. 27 ‑ 30 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   73, 2006 s. 27 ‑ 37 ........... am. No.   73, 2006; No.   80, 2007 s. 27 ‑ 38 ........... am. No.   73, 2006 s. 27 ‑ 39 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 27 ‑ 40 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   118, 2009 s 27 ‑ 99 ............ am No   176, 1999; No   73, 2001; No   134, 2004; No   118, 2009; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 Division   29   s. 29 ‑ 1 ............ am. No.   39, 2012 Subdivision   29 ‑ A   s 29 ‑ 10 ............ am No   156, 2000; No   21, 2010; No   39, 2012; No 72, 2025 s. 29 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   41, 2005; No.   39, 2012 s. 29 ‑ 25 ........... am. No.   32, 2006 s. 29 ‑ 39 ........... am. Nos. 176 and 177, 1999; Nos. 92 and 156, 2000; No.   118, 2009; No.   21, 2010; No.   12, 2012 Subdivision   29 ‑ B   s. 29 ‑ 40 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   92, 2000; No.   95, 2004; No.   80, 2006; No.   80, 2007 s. 29 ‑ 45 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   73, 2006 s. 29 ‑ 50 ........... am. No.   95, 2004; No.   73, 2006; No.   80, 2006; No.   80, 2007 s. 29 ‑ 69 ........... ad. No.   80, 2006   am. Nos. 12 and 169, 2012 Subdivision   29 ‑ C   s. 29 ‑ 70 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   74, 2010; No.   39, 2012 s. 29 ‑ 75 ........... am. Nos. 176 and 177, 1999; No.   92, 2000 s. 29 ‑ 80 ........... am. No.   92, 2000 s 29 ‑ 99 ............ am No 177, 1999; No 92, 2000; No 156, 2000; No 134, 2004; No 74, 2010; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 Part   2 ‑ 7   Division   31   s. 31 ‑ 8 ............ ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 31 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   73, 2001 s 31 ‑ 15 ............ am No 92, 2000; No 73, 2001; No 21, 2015 s. 31 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   73, 2001; No.   39, 2012 s. 31 ‑ 25 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   179, 1999; No.   92, 2000; No.   80, 2007 s. 31 ‑ 30 ........... rep. No.   92, 2000   ad. No.   39, 2012   rep No 2, 2015 s. 31 ‑ 99 ........... am. No.   73, 2001; No.   134, 2004; No.   118, 2009 Division   33   s 33 ‑ 1 ............. am No   179, 1999; No   73, 2006; No   39, 2012; No 23, 2018; No 76, 2023 s. 33 ‑ 3 ............ ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   39, 2012 s. 33 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   73, 2001; No.   39, 2012 s. 33 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   179, 1999; No.   92, 2000; No.   73, 2001; No.   80, 2007; No.   39, 2012 s. 33 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   39, 2012 s. 33 ‑ 20 ........... rep. No.   179, 1999 s. 33 ‑ 25 ........... rep. No.   179, 1999 s. 33 ‑ 30 ........... rep. No.   179, 1999 s. 33 ‑ 99 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   73, 2001; No.   134, 2004 Division   35   s. 35 ‑ 1 ............ am. No.   39, 2012 s 35 ‑ 5 ............. rs No   179, 1999   am No   73, 2006; No   20, 2010; No   39, 2012; No 34, 2014; No 6, 2020 s. 35 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   176, 1999   rep. No.   179, 1999   ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   73, 2001   rs. No.   39, 2012 s 35 ‑ 99 ............ am No   179, 1999; No   73, 2006; No   39, 2012; No 34, 2014 Part   2 ‑ 8   Division   37 ‑ 1   s 37 ‑ 1 ............. am No 176, 1999; No 177, 1999; No 178, 1999; No 92, 2000; No 156, 2000; No 73, 2001; No 97, 2002; No 67, 2003; No 134, 2004; No 80, 2006; No 112, 2007; No 118, 2009; No 20, 2010; No 21, 2010; No 74, 2010; No 169, 2012; No 34, 2014; No 2, 2015; No 76, 2017; No 77, 2017 Chapter   3   Part   3 ‑ 1   Division   38   Subdivision   38 ‑ A   s. 38 ‑ 4 ............ am. No.   176, 1999 Subdivision   38 ‑ B   s 38 ‑ 7 ............. am No   177, 1999; No 18, 2020; No 8, 2025 s. 38 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   176, 1999 s 38 ‑ 25 ............ am No   143, 2004; No 45, 2025 s 38 ‑ 30 ............ am No   76, 2013; No 2, 2021; No 45, 2025 s 38 ‑ 35 ............ am No 76, 2013   rs No 45, 2025 s 38 ‑ 38 ............ ad. No.   124, 2013 s 38 ‑ 40 ............ am No 72, 2025 s 38 ‑ 50 ............ am. No.   176, 1999; No.   110, 2006; No.   4, 2007; No 47, 2017 s 38 ‑ 55 ............ am. No.   176, 1999 s 38 ‑ 60 ............ ad. No.   75, 2012 Subdivision   38 ‑ C   s. 38 ‑ 90 ........... am. No.   143, 2007 s. 38 ‑ 97 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 38 ‑ 100 ........... am. No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   38 ‑ D   s. 38 ‑ 140 ........... rs. No.   156, 2000   rep No 22, 2017 s. 38 ‑ 145 ........... rs. No.   156, 2000 s 38 ‑ 150 ........... rs No 22, 2017 s 38 ‑ 155 ........... am No 22, 2017 Subdivision   38 ‑ E   Subdivision   38 ‑ E heading am No 2, 2015   rs No 52, 2016 s 38 ‑ 185 ........... am No   176, 1999; No   20, 2010; No   51, 2011; No   39, 2012; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016 s 38 ‑ 187 ........... ad No   176, 1999   am No 2, 2015 s 38 ‑ 188 ........... ad No   92, 2000   am No 2, 2015 s 38 ‑ 190 ........... am No   177, 1999; No   92, 2000; No   23, 2005; No   91, 2010; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016 s 38 ‑ 191 ........... ad No 52, 2016 Subdivision   38 ‑ F   s. 38 ‑ 220 ........... am. No.   169, 2012 Subdivision   38 ‑ G   Subdivision   38 ‑ G heading   rs. No.   143, 2004; No.   169, 2012 s. 38 ‑ 250 ........... am. Nos. 176 and 177, 1999; No.   92, 2000; No.   95, 2004; No.   80, 2006; No.   169, 2012 s. 38 ‑ 255 ........... am. No.   92, 2000; No.   95, 2004; No.   80, 2006; No.   169, 2012 s. 38 ‑ 260 ........... ad. No.   143, 2004   am. No.   80, 2006; No.   169, 2012 Subdivision   38 ‑ H heading   rep No   143, 2004 s. 38 ‑ 270 ........... am. No.   92, 2000; No.   95, 2004; No.   80, 2006; No.   169, 2012 Subdivision   38 ‑ I   Subdivision   38 ‑ I heading rs. No.   176, 1999 s. 38 ‑ 290 ........... am. No.   92, 2000 s. 38 ‑ 300 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999 Subdivision   38 ‑ K   s 38 ‑ 355 ........... am No 176, 1999; No 92, 2000; No 91, 2010; No 2, 2015; No 77, 2017 s 38 ‑ 360 ........... ad No   156, 2000   am No 2, 2015 Subdivision   38 ‑ L   s. 38 ‑ 385 ........... rs. No.   177, 1999 Subdivision   38 ‑ M   s. 38 ‑ 415 ........... rs. No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   38 ‑ N   Subdivision   38 ‑ N heading   rs. No.   156, 2000 s. 38 ‑ 445 ........... am. No.   156, 2000 s. 38 ‑ 450 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 Subdivision   38 ‑ O   s. 38 ‑ 475 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   92, 2000 s. 38 ‑ 480 ........... rs. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   38 ‑ P   s 38 ‑ 505 ........... am No   77, 2001; No   110, 2006; No 115, 2024 s 38 ‑ 510 ........... am No   176, 1999; No   77, 2001; No 127, 2021 Subdivision   38 ‑ Q   Subdivision   38 ‑ Q ..... ad. No.   177, 1999 s 38 ‑ 540 ........... ad No   177, 1999   am No 2, 2015 Subdivision   38 ‑ R   Subdivision   38 ‑ R heading am No 2, 2015 Subdivision   38 ‑ R ..... ad No   91, 2010 s 38 ‑ 570 ........... ad No   91, 2010   am No 2, 2015; No 77, 2021 Subdivision   38 ‑ S   Subdivision   38 ‑ S ..... ad. No.   132, 2011 s. 38 ‑ 590 ........... ad. No.   132, 2011 Subdivision   38 ‑ T   Subdivision   38 ‑ T ..... ad No 52, 2016 s 38 ‑ 610 ........... ad No 52, 2016 Division   40   s. 40 ‑ 1 ............ am. No.   177, 1999 Subdivision   40 ‑ A   s. 40 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   177, 1999 Subdivision   40 ‑ B   s. 40 ‑ 35 ........... am. No.   156, 2000; No.   80, 2006 Subdivision   40 ‑ C   s 40 ‑ 65 ............ am No   92, 2000; No   80, 2006; No 23, 2018; No 76, 2023 s. 40 ‑ 70 ........... am. No.   92, 2000; No.   80, 2006 s. 40 ‑ 75 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000   am. No.   78, 2005; No.   80, 2006; No.   12, 2012; No 126, 2015 Subdivision   40 ‑ E   s. 40 ‑ 130 ........... am. No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   40 ‑ F   Subdivision   40 ‑ F heading rs No   169, 2012 Subdivision   40 ‑ F ..... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 40 ‑ 160 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   95, 2004; No.   80, 2006; No 12, 2012; No.   169, 2012 s. 40 ‑ 165 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   73, 2006 Subdivision   40 ‑ G   Subdivision   40 ‑ G ..... ad No 52, 2016 s 40 ‑ 180 ........... ad No 52, 2016 Part   3 ‑ 2   Division   42   s 42 ‑ 5 ............. am No 176, 1999; No 177, 1999; No   92, 2000; No   138, 2012   am No 2, 2015 s 42 ‑ 10 ............ rep No   176, 1999   ad No   92, 2000   am No   156, 2000; No 2, 2015 s 42 ‑ 15 ............ rep No   177, 1999   ad No 77, 2017 Chapter   4   Part   4 ‑ 1   Division   48   s. 48 ‑ 1 ............ am. No.   176, 1999; No.   156, 2000; No.   74, 2010; No.   39, 2012 Subdivision   48 ‑ A   Subdivision   48 ‑ A heading   rs No   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   156, 2000; No.   73, 2006   rs. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 7 ............ ad. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   177, 1999; Nos. 92 and 156, 2000; No.   74, 2010 s 48 ‑ 15 ............ ad No   156, 2000   am No   95, 2004; No   169, 2012; No 67, 2024 Subdivision   48 ‑ B   Subdivision   48 ‑ B heading rs. No.   74, 2010 s 48 ‑ 40 ............ am No   176, 1999; No 73, 2006; No   74, 2010; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s 48 ‑ 45 ............ am No   156, 2000; No   74, 2010; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s. 48 ‑ 50 ........... am. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 51 ........... ad. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 52 ........... ad. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 53 ........... ad. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 55 ........... am. No.   78, 2005 s. 48 ‑ 57 ........... ad. No.   74, 2010 s 48 ‑ 60 ............ am No   74, 2010 Subdivision   48 ‑ C   s 48 ‑ 70 ............ am No   156, 2000; No 73, 2006; No   118, 2009   rs No   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 71 ........... ad. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 72 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009   rep. No.   74, 2010 s 48 ‑ 73 ............ ad No   118, 2009   am No   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 75 ........... am. No.   73, 2006; No.   118, 2009   rs. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 80 ........... rep. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 85 ........... am. No.   134, 2004; No.   73, 2006   rep. No.   74, 2010 s. 48 ‑ 90 ........... rep. No.   74, 2010 Subdivision   48 ‑ D   Subdivision   48 ‑ D ..... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 48 ‑ 110 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   12, 2012 s. 48 ‑ 115 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   78, 2005; No.   12, 2012 Division   49   Division   49 ............... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 49 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   49 ‑ A   s. 49 ‑ 5 ............ ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   73, 2006 s. 49 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   49 ‑ B   s. 49 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 49 ‑ 35 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 49 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 49 ‑ 45 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 49 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   49 ‑ C   s 49 ‑ 70 ............ ad No   92, 2000   am No   73, 2006 s. 49 ‑ 75 ........... ad No   92, 2000   am No   73, 2006 s. 49 ‑ 80 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 49 ‑ 85 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   73, 2006 s. 49 ‑ 90 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 Division   50   Division   50 ............... ad. No.   168, 2001 s. 50 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   168, 2001 s. 50 ‑ 5 ............ ad. No.   168, 2001 Division   51   s. 51 ‑ 1 ............ am. No.   176, 1999; No.   177, 1999; No.   92, 2000; No.   74, 2010; No.   39, 2012 Subdivision   51 ‑ A   Subdivision   51 ‑ A heading   rs No   74, 2010 s 51 ‑ 5 ............. am No   177, 1999; No   92, 2000; No.   73, 2006; No   74, 2010 s. 51 ‑ 7 ............ ad. No.   74, 2010 s. 51 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   51 ‑ B   Subdivision   51 ‑ B heading rs No   74, 2010 s 51 ‑ 30 ............ am No   177, 1999; No   92, 2000; No   73, 2006; No   74, 2010 s. 51 ‑ 35 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   92, 2000 s. 51 ‑ 40 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   92, 2000 s. 51 ‑ 45 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   92, 2000 s. 51 ‑ 50 ........... am. No.   92, 2000; No.   73, 2001 s. 51 ‑ 52 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   73, 2006 s. 51 ‑ 55 ........... am. No.   92, 2000; No.   73, 2001; No.   39, 2012 s. 51 ‑ 60 ........... rs. No.   179, 1999   am. No.   92, 2000; No.   73, 2006; No.   39, 2012; No 34, 2014 Subdivision   51 ‑ C   Subdivision   51 ‑ C ..... rs No   74, 2010 s. 51 ‑ 70 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   92, 2000; No.   73, 2006   rs. No.   74, 2010 s. 51 ‑ 75 ........... am. No.   73, 2006   rs. No.   74, 2010 s. 51 ‑ 80 ........... rep. No.   74, 2010 s. 51 ‑ 85 ........... am. No.   73, 2006   rep. No.   74, 2010 s. 51 ‑ 90 ........... am. No.   92, 2000   rep. No.   74, 2010 Subdivision   51 ‑ D   Subdivision   51 ‑ D ..... ad No   177, 1999 s. 51 ‑ 110 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   92, 2000; No.   12, 2012 s. 51 ‑ 115 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   12, 2012 Division   54   Subdivision   54 ‑ A   s. 54 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   73, 2006 s. 54 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   73, 2006 s. 54 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   156, 2000 Subdivision   54 ‑ B   s. 54 ‑ 50 ........... am. No.   21, 2010 s. 54 ‑ 55 ........... am. No.   73, 2001 s. 54 ‑ 60 ........... am. No.   73, 2001; No.   39, 2012 s. 54 ‑ 65 ........... rs. No.   179, 1999   am. No.   73, 2006; No.   39, 2012; No 34, 2014 Subdivision   54 ‑ C   s 54 ‑ 75 ............ am No   156, 2000; No 73, 2006 s 54 ‑ 80 ............ am No   73, 2006 Division   57   s 57 ‑ 5 ............. am No 52, 2016 s 57 ‑ 7 ............. ad No 52, 2016 s 57 ‑ 25 ............ am. No.   73, 2006 s. 57 ‑ 35 ........... am. No.   80, 2007; No 73, 2006 Division   58   Division   58 ............... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   118, 2009   am. No.   142, 2012 s. 58 ‑ 5 ............ ad. No.   118, 2009 s 58 ‑ 10 ............ ad No   118, 2009   am No   74, 2010; No 52, 2016; No 76, 2017 s. 58 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 35 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 45 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 55 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 60 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 65 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 70 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 58 ‑ 95 ........... ad. No.   142, 2012 Division   60   s. 60 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   41, 2005 s. 60 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   41, 2005; No.   39, 2012 s 60 ‑ 20 ............ am No   156, 2000; No   41, 2005; No 2, 2015 s. 60 ‑ 30 ........... am. No.   39, 2012 Division   63   Division   63 ............... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 63 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 63 ‑ 5 ............ ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   92, 2000; No.   95, 2004; No.   80, 2006; No.   169, 2012 s. 63 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 63 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 63 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 63 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   61, 2011 s 63 ‑ 27 ............ ad No 61, 2011   am No 75, 2012; No 169, 2012; No 21, 2015 s. 63 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s 63 ‑ 35 ............ ad No   177, 1999   am No   73, 2006; No 69, 2023 s. 63 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 63 ‑ 45 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 63 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 Part   4 ‑ 2   Division   66   s. 66 ‑ 1 ............ am. No.   177, 1999 Subdivision   66 ‑ A   Subdivision   66 ‑ A heading   ad No   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 17 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   92, 2000 s. 66 ‑ 20 ........... rep. No.   156, 2000 Subdivision   66 ‑ B   Subdivision   66 ‑ B ..... ad No   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 45 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   92, 2000 s. 66 ‑ 55 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 60 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 65 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 66 ‑ 70 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 Division   69   Subdivision   69 ‑ A   Subdivision   69 ‑ A heading   ad No   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   156, 2000; No.   41, 2005; No.   78, 2007 s. 69 ‑ 10 ........... am. Nos. 92 and 156, 2000; No.   77, 2001 Subdivision   69 ‑ B   Subdivision   69 ‑ B ..... ad No   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 35 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 45 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 69 ‑ 55 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 Division   70   s. 70 ‑ 5 ............ am. Nos. 92 and 156, 2000 s. 70 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 Division   71   Division   71 heading .......... rs No   156, 2000 Division   71 ............... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 71 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   156, 2000 s 71 ‑ 5 ............. ad No   92, 2000   am No   156, 2000 s 71 ‑ 10 ............ ad No   92, 2000   am No   156, 2000 Division   72   Subdivision   72 ‑ A   s 72 ‑ 5 ............. am No   177, 1999; No   67, 2003; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s 72 ‑ 10 ............ am No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s 72 ‑ 15 ............ am No 2, 2015 s. 72 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   20, 2010 s. 72 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   20, 2010 Subdivision   72 ‑ B   s. 72 ‑ 40 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   67, 2003 s. 72 ‑ 45 ........... am. No.   156, 2000; No.   134, 2004 s   72 ‑ 50 ............ am No 2, 2015 Subdivision   72 ‑ C   s 72 ‑ 70 ............ am No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 Subdivision   72 ‑ D   Subdivision   72 ‑ D ..... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 72 ‑ 90 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 72 ‑ 92 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 72 ‑ 95 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   5, 2011; No.   75, 2012 s. 72 ‑ 100 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   75, 2012 Division   75   s. 75 ‑ 5 ............ am. No.   78, 2005; No 73, 2006; No.   145, 2008 s. 75 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No 92, 2000; No.   156, 2000; No.   78, 2005 s. 75 ‑ 11 ........... ad. No.   78, 2005   am. No.   58, 2006; No.   145, 2008 s. 75 ‑ 12 ........... ad. No.   78, 2005 s. 75 ‑ 13 ........... ad. No.   78, 2005   am. No.   145, 2008 s. 75 ‑ 14 ........... ad. No.   78, 2005 s. 75 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   78, 2005   rs. No.   84, 2013 s. 75 ‑ 16 ........... ad. No.   145, 2008 s. 75 ‑ 22 ........... ad. No.   78, 2005   am. No.   145, 2008 s. 75 ‑ 27 ........... ad. No.   78, 2005 s. 75 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 75 ‑ 35 ........... ad. No.   78, 2005 Division   78   s. 78 ‑ 1 ............ rs. No.   177, 1999   am No.   67, 2003 Subdivision   78 ‑ A   Subdivision   78 ‑ A ..... rs No   177, 1999 s. 78 ‑ 5 ............ rs. No.   177, 1999 s 78 ‑ 10 ............ rs No   177, 1999   am No   134, 2004; No 118, 2017 s 78 ‑ 15 ............ rs No   177, 1999   am No 92, 2000; No 156, 2000; No 118, 2017 s. 78 ‑ 18 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s 78 ‑ 20 ............ ad No   177, 1999   am No 118, 2017 s. 78 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s 78 ‑ 30 ............ rs No   177, 1999   am No   156, 2000 s 78 ‑ 35 ............ rs No   177, 1999   am No 118, 2017 s. 78 ‑ 40 ........... rs. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   83, 2004 s. 78 ‑ 42 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 Subdivision   78 ‑ B   Subdivision   78 ‑ B ..... rs No   177, 1999 s 78 ‑ 45 ............ rs No   177, 1999   am No 118, 2017 s. 78 ‑ 50 ........... rs. No.   177, 1999   am. Nos. 92 and 156, 2000; No.   67, 2003; No.   134, 2004;   No.   75, 2012 s. 78 ‑ 55 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 78 ‑ 60 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 Subdivision   78 ‑ C   s. 78 ‑ 65 ........... am. No.   156, 2000 s 78 ‑ 75 ............ ad No   177, 1999   am No 118, 2017 Subdivision   78 ‑ D   s. 78 ‑ 80 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 s. 78 ‑ 85 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   73, 2001 s. 78 ‑ 90 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   39, 2012 Subdivision   78 ‑ E   Subdivision   78 ‑ E ..... ad No   177, 1999 s. 78 ‑ 95 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 78 ‑ 100 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   92, 2000; No.   75, 2012 s. 78 ‑ 105 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   67, 2003 Subdivision   78 ‑ F   Subdivision   78 ‑ F ..... ad No   177, 1999 s 78 ‑ 110 ........... ad No   177, 1999   am No 118, 2017 s. 78 ‑ 115 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 78 ‑ 118 ........... ad. No.   169, 2001   am. No.   75, 2012 s. 78 ‑ 120 ........... ad. No.   169, 2001 Division   79   Division   79 ............... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 79 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   67, 2003 Subdivision   79 ‑ A   s. 79 ‑ 5 ............ ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 79 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   83, 2004 s. 79 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   83, 2004 s. 79 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 Subdivision   79 ‑ B   s. 79 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   83, 2004 s. 79 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 Subdivision   79 ‑ C   s. 79 ‑ 35 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 79 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 79 ‑ 45 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 79 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   83, 2004 s. 79 ‑ 55 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 79 ‑ 60 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s 79 ‑ 65 ............ ad No   67, 2003   am No 118, 2017 s. 79 ‑ 70 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   83, 2004 s. 79 ‑ 75 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 79 ‑ 80 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 79 ‑ 85 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s 79 ‑ 90 ............ ad No   67, 2003   am No   83, 2004; No 118, 2017 Subdivision   79 ‑ D   s 79 ‑ 95 ............ ad No   67, 2003   am No   83, 2004; No 118, 2017 s 79 ‑ 100 ........... ad No   67, 2003   am No   110, 2014; No 64, 2020 Division   80   Division   80 ............... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 80 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   67, 2003 Subdivision   80 ‑ A   s. 80 ‑ 5 ............ ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   83, 2004 s. 80 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 80 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 80 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 80 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s 80 ‑ 30 ............ ad No   67, 2003   am No 118, 2017 s. 80 ‑ 35 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 Subdivision   80 ‑ B   s. 80 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   83, 2004 s. 80 ‑ 45 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 80 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 80 ‑ 55 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 80 ‑ 60 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 80 ‑ 65 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s 80 ‑ 70 ............ ad No   67, 2003   am No 118, 2017 s. 80 ‑ 75 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 Subdivision   80 ‑ C   s. 80 ‑ 80 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   83, 2004 s. 80 ‑ 85 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003 s. 80 ‑ 90 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   41, 2005 s. 80 ‑ 95 ........... ad. No.   67, 2003   am. No.   41, 2005 Division   81   Division   81 heading .......... rs No   176, 1999; No   41, 2011 Division   81 ............... rs. No.   41, 2011 s. 81 ‑ 1 ............ am. No.   176, 1999   rs. No.   41, 2011 s 81 ‑ 5 ............. am No   176, 1999; No.   97, 2002; No   58, 2006   rs No   41, 2011 s. 81 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   176, 1999   rs. No.   41, 2011 s. 81 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   41, 2011 s. 81 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   41, 2011   am. No.   75, 2012 s. 81 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   41, 2011   rs No 126, 2015 Division   82   Division   82 ............... ad. No.   97, 2002 s. 82 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   97, 2002 s. 82 ‑ 5 ............ ad. No.   97, 2002 s. 82 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   97, 2002   am. No.   41, 2011 Division   83   Division   83 heading .......... am No 2, 2015 Division   83 ............... ad No   92, 2000 s. 83 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   92, 2000 s 83 ‑ 5 ............. ad No   92, 2000   am No   77, 2005; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017; No 65, 2019 s. 83 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 83 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 83 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 83 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   80, 2007 s. 83 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   80, 2007 s. 83 ‑ 35 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 Division   84   Division   84 heading .......... rs No 77, 2017 Subdivision   84 ‑ A   Subdivision   84 ‑ A heading   ad No 52, 2016   rs No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 1 ............. rs No   77, 2005   am No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 5 ............. am No   77, 2005; No   80, 2007; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 10 ............ am No   77, 2005; No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 12 ............ ad No   176, 1999   am No   92, 2000; No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 13 ............ ad No   176, 1999   am No   134, 2004; No   77, 2005; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s. 84 ‑ 14 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000   am. No.   56, 2007; No.   133, 2009; No 52, 2016 s. 84 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   92, 2000; No 2, 2015 s 84 ‑ 20 ............ ad No 52, 2016 s 84 ‑ 25 ............ ad No 52, 2016 s 84 ‑ 30 ............ ad No 52, 2016   am No 77, 2017 Subdivision   84 ‑ B   Subdivision   84 ‑ B ..... ad No 52, 2016 s 84 ‑ 45 ............ ad No 52, 2016 s 84 ‑ 50 ............ ad No 52, 2016 s 84 ‑ 55 ............ ad No 52, 2016   am No 77, 2017; No 69, 2023 s 84 ‑ 60 ............ ad No 52, 2016   am No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 65 ............ ad No 52, 2016 s 84 ‑ 70 ............ ad No 52, 2016   am No 77, 2017 Subdivision   84 ‑ C   Subdivision   84 ‑ C ..... ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 73 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 75 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 77 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 79 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 81 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 83 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 85 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 87 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 89 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 91 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 93 ............ ad No 77, 2017 Subdivision   84 ‑ D   Subdivision   84 ‑ C heading rs and renum No 77, 2017 Subdivision   84 ‑ C ..... ad No 52, 2016 Subdivision   84 ‑ D heading (prev Subdivision   84 ‑ C heading)   s 84 ‑ 95 ............ ad No 52, 2016   rs No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 100 ........... ad No 52, 2016 s 84 ‑ 105 ........... ad No 77, 2017 Subdivision   84 ‑ D ..... ad No 52, 2016   rep No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 135 ........... ad No 52, 2016   rep No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 140 ........... ad No 52, 2016   rep No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 145 ........... ad No 52, 2016   rep No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 150 ........... ad No 52, 2016   rep No 77, 2017 s 84 ‑ 155 ........... ad No 52, 2016   rep No 77, 2017 Division   85   Division   85 ............... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 85 ‑ 1 ............ ad. No.   177, 1999   am No 2, 2015 s 85 ‑ 5 ............. ad No   177, 1999   am No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016 s. 85 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 Division   86   Division   86 ............... ad No 76, 2017 s 86 ‑ 1 ............. ad No 76, 2017 s 86 ‑ 5 ............. ad No 76, 2017 s 86 ‑ 10 ............ ad No 76, 2017 s 86 ‑ 15 ............ ad No 76, 2017 s 86 ‑ 20 ............ ad No 76, 2017 s 86 ‑ 25 ............ ad No 76, 2017 Division   87   s. 87 ‑ 25 ........... am. No.   97, 2008 Division   93   Division   93 ............... rep. No.   156, 2000   ad. No.   20, 2010 s. 93 ‑ 1 ............ rep. No.   156, 2000   ad. No.   20, 2010   rs. No.   39, 2012   am No 39, 2012 s. 93 ‑ 5 ............ rep. No.   156, 2000   ad. No.   20, 2010   rs. No.   39, 2012 s 93 ‑ 10 ............ rep No   156, 2000   ad No   20, 2010   am No   39, 2012; No 72, 2025 s 93 ‑ 15 ............ rep No 156, 2000   ad No 20, 2010   am No 39, 2012   rs No 21, 2015 s. 93 ‑ 20 ........... rep. No.   156, 2000 s. 93 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999   rep. No.   156, 2000 Division   96   Division   96 heading .......... am No 2, 2015 s 96 ‑ 1 ............. am No 2, 2015 s 96 ‑ 5 ............. am No   177, 1999; No 2, 2015 s 96 ‑ 10 ............ am No 2, 2015 Division   100   Division   100 .............. ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 100 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   32, 2006; No.   75, 2012 s 100 ‑ 5 ............ ad No   177, 1999   am No   32, 2006 s. 100 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   32, 2006; No.   75, 2012 s. 100 ‑ 12 ........... ad. No.   32, 2006 s. 100 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   32, 2006 s. 100 ‑ 18 ........... ad. No.   32, 2006 s 100 ‑ 20 ........... ad No   177, 1999   am No 2, 2015 s. 100 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   rs. No.   32, 2006 Division   105   s 105 ‑ 1 ............ am No   142, 2012 s. 105 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   73, 2001 s. 105 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   39, 2012 Division   108   s. 108 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   176, 1999 s 108 ‑ 5 ............ am No   176, 1999; No 2, 2015 Division   110   Division   110 heading ......... rs No   74, 2010 Division   110 .............. ad. No.   97, 2002 s. 110 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   97, 2002   am. No.   74, 2010 Subdivision   110 ‑ A   Subdivision   110 ‑ A heading   ad No   74, 2010 s. 110 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   97, 2002 s. 110 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   97, 2002   rep. No.   143, 2007 s. 110 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   101, 2004 s. 110 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   101, 2004 s. 110 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   101, 2004 s. 110 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   101, 2004 Subdivision   110 ‑ B   Subdivision   110 ‑ B .... ad No   74, 2010 s. 110 ‑ 60 ........... ad. No.   74, 2010 s. 110 ‑ 65 ........... ad. No.   74, 2010 Division   111   s. 111 ‑ 1 ........... am. Nos. 92 and 156, 2000 s. 111 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   178, 1999; Nos. 92 and 156, 2000; No.   134, 2004; No   110, 2014 s. 111 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   178, 1999; No.   156, 2000 s. 111 ‑ 18 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   95, 2004; No.   80, 2006; No.   169, 2012 s. 111 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   178, 1999 s. 111 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   rs. No.   156, 2000 s. 111 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 Division   113   Division   113 .............. ad. No.   178, 1999 s. 113 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   178, 1999 s. 113 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   178, 1999   am. No.   12, 2012 Part   4 ‑ 3   Division   114   s. 114 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   92, 2000 s. 114 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   82, 2002; No 2, 2015 s 114 ‑ 10 ........... ad No   176, 1999   am No 2, 2015 s 114 ‑ 15 ........... ad No   176, 1999   rs No   39, 2012   am No 2, 2015 s 114 ‑ 20 ........... ad No   176, 1999   rs No   39, 2012   am No 2, 2015 s. 114 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 Division   117   Division   117 heading ......... rs No   156, 2000 s. 117 ‑ 1 ........... rs. No.   156, 2000 s 117 ‑ 5 ............ am No 176, 1999; No 177, 1999; No 156, 2000; No 33, 2009; No 91, 2010; No 41, 2011; No 2, 2015; No 41, 2015; No 77, 2017 s. 117 ‑ 10 ........... rep. No.   176, 1999   ad. No.   156, 2000 s 117 ‑ 15 ........... ad No   156, 2000   am No   39, 2012 Part   4 ‑ 4   Division   123   Division   123 heading ......... rs No   112, 2007 Division   123 .............. ad. No.   176, 1999 s. 123 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999   am. No.   112, 2007 s. 123 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999   am. No.   112, 2007; No.   169, 2012 s 123 ‑ 7 ............ ad No   112, 2007   am No 92, 2020 s. 123 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999   am. No.   112, 2007 s. 123 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999   am. No.   112, 2007; No.   39, 2012 Division   126   s. 126 ‑ 5 ........... am. No 73, 2001; No.   39, 2012 s 126 ‑ 10 ........... am No   58, 2006; No   20, 2010; No 118, 2017 s 126 ‑ 27 ........... ad No 52, 2016 s 126 ‑ 32 ........... am No 118, 2017 Division   129   Subdivision   129 ‑ A   s. 129 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   92, 2000 s. 129 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 Subdivision   129 ‑ B   s. 129 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   134, 2004; No.   118, 2009 s. 129 ‑ 25 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   129 ‑ C   s. 129 ‑ 40 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 s. 129 ‑ 45 ........... am. No.   95, 2004; No.   80, 2006; No.   169, 2012 s 129 ‑ 50 ........... am No 2, 2015 Subdivision   129 ‑ D   s. 129 ‑ 70 ........... am. No.   77, 2005 s. 129 ‑ 75 ........... am. No.   77, 2005 s. 129 ‑ 80 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; Nos. 20 and 21, 2010 Division   130   Division   130 .............. ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 130 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 130 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 Division   131   Division   131 .............. ad. No.   134, 2004 s. 131 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004 Subdivision   131 ‑ A   s. 131 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   am. No.   80, 2007 s. 131 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   am. No.   73, 2006 s. 131 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004 s 131 ‑ 20 ........... ad No   134, 2004   am No   80, 2007; No 73, 2006 Subdivision   131 ‑ B   s. 131 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004 s. 131 ‑ 45 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004 s. 131 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004 s. 131 ‑ 55 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   am. No.   21, 2010 s 131 ‑ 60 ........... ad No   134, 2004   am No   118, 2009; No 64, 2020 Division   132   Division   132 heading ......... rs No   156, 2000 s. 132 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   156, 2000 s 132 ‑ 5 ............ am No   156, 2000; No   134, 2004; No 41, 2005; No 77, 2005; No   20, 2010 Division   133   Division   133 .............. ad. No.   20, 2010 s. 133 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   20, 2010 s 133 ‑ 5 ............ ad No   20, 2010   am No   39, 2012; No 72, 2025 s. 133 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   20, 2010 Division   134   Division   134 .............. ad. No.   21, 2010 s. 134 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   21, 2010 s 134 ‑ 5 ............ ad No   21, 2010   am No 91, 2010; No 136, 2010; No 2, 2015; No 118, 2017 s 134 ‑ 10 ........... ad No   21, 2010   am No 91, 2010; No 136, 2010; No 70, 2015; No 118, 2017 s. 134 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   21, 2010 s. 134 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   21, 2010 s. 134 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   21, 2010 s. 134 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   91, 2010 Division   135   s. 135 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   176, 1999 s. 135 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   156, 2000 s. 135 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   176, 1999 Division   136   Division   136 heading ......... rs No   156, 2000 Division   136 .............. ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 136 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   rs. No.   156, 2000 Subdivision   136 ‑ A   Subdivision   136 ‑ A heading   ad No   156, 2000 s. 136 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   156, 2000 s. 136 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   156, 2000; No.   134, 2004 Subdivision   136 ‑ B   Subdivision   136 ‑ B .... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 136 ‑ 30 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 136 ‑ 35 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 136 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 136 ‑ 45 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 s. 136 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   156, 2000 Division   137   Division   137 .............. ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 137 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 137 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 Division   138   s. 138 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   39, 2012 s. 138 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   134, 2004; No.   118, 2009 s. 138 ‑ 17 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 138 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   92, 2000 Division   139   Division   139 .............. ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 139 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 139 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   39, 2012 s. 139 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 139 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 Division   141   Division   141 .............. ad. No.   176, 1999 s. 141 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999 s. 141 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999 s. 141 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999 s. 141 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999 s. 141 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999 Division   142   Division   142 .............. ad No 34, 2014 s 142 ‑ 1 ............ ad No 34, 2014 Subdivision   142 ‑ A   Subdivision   142 ‑ A .... ad No 34, 2014 s 142 ‑ 5 ............ ad No 34, 2014   am No 77, 2017 s 142 ‑ 10 ........... ad No 34, 2014 s 142 ‑ 15 ........... ad No 34, 2014 s 142 ‑ 16 ........... ad No 77, 2017 Subdivision   142 ‑ B   Subdivision   142 ‑ B .... ad No 34, 2014 s 142 ‑ 20 ........... ad No 34, 2014 Subdivision   142 ‑ C   Subdivision   142 ‑ C .... ad No 34, 2014 s 142 ‑ 25 ........... ad No 34, 2014   am No 77, 2017 Part   4 ‑ 5   Division   144   s. 144 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   80, 2007 Division   146   Division   146 .............. ad No 77, 2017 s 146 ‑ 1 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 146 ‑ 5 ............ ad No 77, 2017 s 146 ‑ 10 ........... ad No 77, 2017 s 146 ‑ 15 ........... ad No 77, 2017 s 146 ‑ 20 ........... ad No 77, 2017   am No 69, 2020 s 146 ‑ 25 ........... ad No 77, 2017 Division   147 .............. rep. No.   118, 2009 s. 147 ‑ 1 ........... rep. No.   118, 2009 s. 147 ‑ 5 ........... rep. No.   118, 2009 s. 147 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   73, 2006   rep. No.   118, 2009 s. 147 ‑ 15 ........... rep. No.   118, 2009 s. 147 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   156, 2000; No.   118, 2009   rep. No.   118, 2009 s. 147 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999   rep. No.   118, 2009 Division   149   Division   149 .............. ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 149 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 149 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 149 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   80, 2007 s. 149 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   39, 2012 s. 149 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 s. 149 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999 Part   4 ‑ 6   Division   151   Division   151 .............. ad. No.   134, 2004 s. 151 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004 Subdivision   151 ‑ A   s 151 ‑ 5 ............ ad No   134, 2004   am No   77, 2005; No 65, 2019 s. 151 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   am. No.   73, 2006 s. 151 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004 s. 151 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   am. No.   73, 2006 s. 151 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   am. No.   73, 2006; No.   118, 2009; No.   74, 2010 Subdivision   151 ‑ B   s. 151 ‑ 40 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004 s 151 ‑ 45 ........... ad No   134, 2004   am No 64, 2020 s. 151 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   am. No.   39, 2012 s. 151 ‑ 55 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   am. No.   118, 2009 s. 151 ‑ 60 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   am. No.   118, 2009; No.   39, 2012 s. 151 ‑ 65 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   rep. No.   74, 2010 s. 151 ‑ 70 ........... ad. No.   134, 2004   rep. No.   74, 2010 Division   153   Division   153 heading ......... rs No   177, 1999; No   20, 2010 s. 153 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   177, 1999; No.   92, 2000; No.   20, 2010 Subdivision   153 ‑ A   Subdivision   153 ‑ A heading   ad No   92, 2000 s. 153 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   21, 2010 s. 153 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   92, 2000; No.   20, 2010 s. 153 ‑ 20 ........... am. No.   21, 2010 s. 153 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. No.   92, 2000 Subdivision   153 ‑ B   Subdivision   153 ‑ B heading   rs No   20, 2010 Subdivision   153 ‑ B .... ad No   92, 2000 s 153 ‑ 50 ........... ad No   92, 2000   am No   20, 2010; No   41, 2011 s 153 ‑ 55 ........... ad No   92, 2000   am No   20, 2010; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s 153 ‑ 60 ........... ad No   92, 2000   am No   20, 2010; No 52, 2016; No 77, 2017 s. 153 ‑ 65 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   20, 2010 Division   156   s. 156 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 s. 156 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   177, 1999 s 156 ‑ 15 ........... am No   176, 1999; No 2, 2015 s. 156 ‑ 17 ........... ad. No.   118, 2009 s. 156 ‑ 22 ........... ad. No.   176, 1999 s. 156 ‑ 23 ........... ad. No.   12, 2012 s. 156 ‑ 25 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   118, 2009 Division   157   Division   157 heading ......... rs No   169, 2012 Division   157 .............. ad. No.   80, 2006 s. 157 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   80, 2006   am. No.   169, 2012 s. 157 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   80, 2006   am. No.   169, 2012 s. 157 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   80, 2006   am. No.   80, 2007; No.   169, 2012 Division   158   Division   158 .............. ad. No.   12, 2012 s. 158 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   12, 2012 s. 158 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   12, 2012 Part   4 ‑ 7   Division   162   Division   162 .............. ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001 Subdivision   162 ‑ A   s. 162 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   80, 2007; No.   39, 2012; No 52, 2016 s. 162 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   134, 2004; No 73, 2006 s. 162 ‑ 20 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 25 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   73, 2006 s 162 ‑ 30 ........... ad No   73, 2001   rs No   134, 2004   am No 73, 2006; No   80, 2007; No   118, 2009; No   85, 2013; No 52, 2016 Subdivision   162 ‑ B   s. 162 ‑ 50 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   134, 2004 s. 162 ‑ 55 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001 s 162 ‑ 60 ........... ad No   73, 2001   am No 64, 2020 s. 162 ‑ 65 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 70 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 75 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 80 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 85 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   118, 2009 s. 162 ‑ 90 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   118, 2009; No.   39, 2012 s. 162 ‑ 95 ........... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   39, 2012 s. 162 ‑ 100 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 105 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   39, 2012 s. 162 ‑ 110 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   39, 2012 Subdivision   162 ‑ C   s. 162 ‑ 130 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 135 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   85, 2013 s. 162 ‑ 140 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   85, 2013 s. 162 ‑ 145 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   39, 2012 Subdivision   162 ‑ D   s. 162 ‑ 170 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 175 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 180 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 185 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 190 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   39, 2012 s. 162 ‑ 195 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001 s. 162 ‑ 200 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001   am. No.   39, 2012 s. 162 ‑ 205 .......... ad. No.   73, 2001 Division   165   s. 165 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   156, 2000; No.   39, 2012 Subdivision   165 ‑ A   s. 165 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   145, 2008 s 165 ‑ 10 ........... am No 77, 2017 Subdivision   165 ‑ B   s. 165 ‑ 40 ........... am. No.   73, 2006; No.   39, 2012 s. 165 ‑ 45 ........... am. No.   73, 2006; No.   39, 2012 s. 165 ‑ 50 ........... rs. No.   39, 2012 Subdivision   165 ‑ C heading   rep No   58, 2006 s. 165 ‑ 80 ........... rep. No.   92, 2000 Division   168   s. 168 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   20, 2010 s 168 ‑ 5 ............ am No   20, 2010; No 2, 2015 s. 168 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   20, 2010 Division   171   s. 171 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   39, 2012 s. 171 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   156, 2000; No.   39, 2012 Chapter   5   Part   5 ‑ 1   Division   176   Division   176 .............. ad. No.   95, 2004   rs. No.   169, 2012 s. 176 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   95, 2004   rs. No.   169, 2012 s. 176 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   95, 2004   rep. No.   169, 2012 Division   177   s. 177 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   176, 1999; No.   58, 2006; No 36, 2015 s. 177 ‑ 3 ........... am. No.   58, 2006 s 177 ‑ 10 ........... am No   176, 1999; No   143, 2004; No   58, 2006; No   124, 2013; No 126, 2015; No 15, 2017; No 22, 2017 s 177 ‑ 11 ........... ad No   143, 2004   am No 45, 2025 s. 177 ‑ 12 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am. Nos. 12, 14 and 39, 2012; No 96, 2014 s 177 ‑ 20 ........... ad No 77, 2017 Chapter   6   Part   6 ‑ 1   Division   182   s. 182 ‑ 15 ........... am. No.   176, 1999 Part   6 ‑ 2   Division   184   s 184 ‑ 1 ............ am No 177, 1999; No   92, 2000; No   4, 2007; No 19, 2010 s. 184 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   177, 1999   am No.   73, 2006 Division   186 .............. rep. No.   176, 1999 s. 186 ‑ 1 ........... rep. No.   176, 1999 Division   188   Division   188 heading ......... rs. No.   80, 2007 s. 188 ‑ 1 ........... am. No.   80, 2007 s. 188 ‑ 5 ........... am. No.   73, 2001; No.   134, 2004; No.   80, 2007; No.   112, 2007 s. 188 ‑ 10 ........... am. No.   73, 2001; No.   134, 2004; Nos. 80 and 112, 2007 s 188 ‑ 15 ........... am No   176, 1999; No   77, 2005; No   80, 2007; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 65, 2019 s 188 ‑ 20 ........... am No   176, 1999; No   77, 2005; No   80, 2007; No 2, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 65, 2019 s 188 ‑ 22 ........... ad No   176, 1999   am No   169, 2001 (as am by No   57, 2002); No   67, 2003; No   80, 2007; No 118, 2017 s 188 ‑ 23 ........... ad No   92, 2000   am No   80, 2007; No 76, 2017 s. 188 ‑ 24 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   80, 2007; No.   20, 2010 s. 188 ‑ 25 ........... am. No.   80, 2007 s. 188 ‑ 30 ........... rs. No.   176, 1999 s. 188 ‑ 32 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s 188 ‑ 35 ........... ad No   176, 1999   am No 118, 2017 s 188 ‑ 40 ........... ad No   156, 2000   am No   80, 2007; No 2, 2015 Division   189   Division   189 .............. ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 189 ‑ 1 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 s. 189 ‑ 5 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   12, 2012 s. 189 ‑ 10 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000   am. No.   12, 2012 s. 189 ‑ 15 ........... ad. No.   92, 2000 Part   6 ‑ 3   Division   195   s 195 ‑ 1 ............ am No   176, 1999; No   177, 1999 (as am by No 156, 2000); No 178, 1999; No 179, 1999; No 52, 2000; No 92, 2000; No 156, 2000; No 55, 2001; No 73, 2001; No 77, 2001; No 168, 2001; No 169, 2001; No   97, 2002; No 67, 2003; No 101, 2003; No 20, 2004; No 95, 2004; No 101, 2004; No 134, 2004; No 143, 2004; No 10, 2005; No 41, 2005; No 78, 2005; No 32, 2006; No 58, 2006; No 73, 2006; No 80, 2006; No 101, 2006; No 32, 2007; No 56, 2007; No 80, 2007; No 112, 2007; No 143, 2007; No   145, 2008; No 14, 2008; No 114, 2008; No 118, 2008; No 133, 2009; No 20, 2010; No 21, 2010; No 56, 2010; No 74, 2010; No 91, 2010; No 41, 2011; No 51, 2011; No 132, 2011; No 12, 2012; No   39, 2012; No 75, 2012; No 169, 2012; No 76, 2013; No 84, 2013; No, 85, 2013; No 96, 2013; No 124, 2013; No 34, 2014; No 83, 2014; No 2, 2015; No 36, 2015; No 126, 2015; No 52, 2016; No 15, 2017; No 76, 2017; No 77, 2017; No 118, 2017; No 8, 2019; No 59, 2019; No 116, 2019; No 69, 2020 ; No 127, 2021; No 29, 2023; No 69, 2023; No 8, 2025; No 45, 2025 Schedule   2   c. 1 ..................... am. No.   176, 1999 Schedule   3   Schedule   3 ................ am. No.   176, 1999